EP0124904B2 - Stufenschalter - Google Patents

Stufenschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124904B2
EP0124904B2 EP84105170A EP84105170A EP0124904B2 EP 0124904 B2 EP0124904 B2 EP 0124904B2 EP 84105170 A EP84105170 A EP 84105170A EP 84105170 A EP84105170 A EP 84105170A EP 0124904 B2 EP0124904 B2 EP 0124904B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contacts
tap
main contact
thyristor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84105170A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0124904A2 (de
EP0124904B1 (de
EP0124904A3 (en
Inventor
Harry Göransson
Kjell Dipl.-Ing. Magnusson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Priority to AT84105170T priority Critical patent/ATE26764T1/de
Publication of EP0124904A2 publication Critical patent/EP0124904A2/de
Publication of EP0124904A3 publication Critical patent/EP0124904A3/de
Publication of EP0124904B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124904B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0124904B2 publication Critical patent/EP0124904B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tap changer according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tap changer is known from US-A-3381 213.
  • Tap changers are used in order to be able to switch between the tap taps of a regulating transformer under load.
  • the latter type is usually called the load selector.
  • the present invention relates to a tap changer of the latter type.
  • Such a tap changer is known, for example, from the ASEA catalog LL 11-4E, August 1981.
  • a solution for a load selector type tap changer is known from US-A-3 381 213.
  • a valve arrangement that can be controlled in both directions is present between the main contact and each of the two auxiliary contacts.
  • the valve arrangement is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
  • a voltage is required between the anode and cathode of the valves, which voltage is generated by arranging areas on the lateral ends of the fixed contacts, the material of which has an increased electrical resistance.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a tap changer of the type mentioned, which on the one hand requires less space than the known tap changer with thyristors and the fixed contacts can be carried out in a simple manner.
  • the tap voltage of the transformer is used to feed the control unit for the valve arrangements, whereby no additional connection between the movable part of the tap changer and the fixed environment is required. It is not necessary to connect the thyristors and the associated electronic control circuits to the earth potential.
  • the width of the fixed contacts in the direction of movement of the movable contact can be relatively small, and no special construction of these fixed contacts is required. This means that a relatively simple mechanical structure is obtained which makes it possible to use the invention relatively easily in load selectors of known type in which an arc-free load switchover is of great importance.
  • the tap changer according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in small and medium-sized transformers.
  • a fuse in the connection between one or each auxiliary contact on the one hand can be made in a manner known per se (cf. the above-mentioned DE-C-21 20 679) and the main contact on the other hand.
  • a resistor is arranged in parallel to the fuse, which is dimensioned such that it can serve as a bridging resistor after the fuse has possibly tripped.
  • the operational safety of the tap changer can be further improved by connecting two parallel, controllable in both directions thyristor arrangements in the connection between at least one of the auxiliary contacts and the main contact, one of which is in series with a fuse and the other with a bridging resistor.
  • the tap changer shown in FIG. 1 is of the load selector type, which means that the entire switching process takes place in the selector; this is implemented in a so-called pennant circuit.
  • the tap changer contains a plurality of fixed contacts arranged along a path 1, of which three contacts K1, K2, K3 are shown.
  • the contacts are arranged at the same distance from one another and are electrically insulated from one another. They are used to connect to the tap taps of a regulating transformer.
  • the movable part of the tap changer comprises a contact carrier, which can be a main contact arm 2, which carries a main contact H and two auxiliary contacts M1, M2.
  • the auxiliary contacts are fixed to each side of the main contact arm 2 with the aid of insulating spacer elements.
  • a valve arrangement T1 or T2 which can be controlled in both directions is arranged between the main contact H on the one hand and each of the two auxiliary contacts M1 and M2 on the other hand.
  • Each valve arrangement can consist of two thyristors connected in antiparallel or of another arrangement with a corresponding mode of operation, e.g. a triac.
  • the valve arrangements T1, T2 with the associated control unit 3 are also mounted on the movable main contact arm 2.
  • the step voltage of the transformer is used to supply the control unit (electronic unit), which means that no additional connection between the moving part of the step switch and the fixed environment is required.
  • the fixed contacts K1, K2, K3 etc. are arranged on a circle, and the movable part of the tap changer is fastened to a drive shaft which is mounted in such a way that its longitudinal axis is coaxial through the center of this circle runs.
  • the outgoing line 4 for the load current is connected to the movable main contact arm 2 via sliding contacts, not shown.
  • Figure 2 shows a contact movement diagram for the tap changer according to Figure 1 when switching from the contact K2 (operating position L2) to the contact K3 (operating position L3) and vice versa.
  • the designations 23a-23e and 32a-32e on the left in the figure denote different intermediate positions of the movable contact system of the tap changer during an ascending process (increasing the number of turns of the windings) or during a descending process (reducing the number of turns of the windings).
  • the numbers 1 and 0 for the three contact branches M1, H and M2 indicate whether the branch in question is live or not.
  • the switching course during a descent process from the operating position L3 to the operating position L2 is, as can be seen from FIG. 2, analogous to the switching course described above, but in this case the valve arrangements are ignited in the reverse order.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment with two thyristor arrangements T1, T2 per phase, a fuse S being arranged in series with each thyristor arrangement for the shoe in the event of a possible step short circuit as a result of a fault in a thyristor or in the control circuits.
  • a resistor R is connected in parallel with each fuse. On the one hand, it has the task of facilitating the interruption of the short-circuit current through the fuse and, on the other hand, of maintaining operation after the fuse has tripped, in which case it then serves as a conventional bypass resistor.
  • FIG 4 shows the basic arrangement for a tap changer with four thyristor arrangements T1 -T4 per phase.
  • Each thyristor arrangement comprises two anti-parallel connected thyristors.
  • One thyristor arrangement (T1 or T2) in each parallel connection is in series with a fuse S, and the other thyristor arrangement T3, T4 is in series with a resistor R.
  • This circuit enables a circulating current to flow without a step short circuit occurring. Furthermore, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, it is achieved that the tap changer does not become inoperable in the event of thyristor damage. If one of the fuses responds as a result of a short-circuited thyristor, the operation of the tap changer automatically changes to that of a conventional tap changer.
  • the movable auxiliary contacts M1 and M2 form contact with the fixed contacts K2 and K3, respectively.
  • the step voltage is obtained between M1 and M2, so that the electronic control unit receives 3 supply voltage.
  • voltage is obtained between H and M2, as a result of which the control logic in the control unit receives information about the direction of movement.
  • the thyristor arrangement T1 receives an ignition signal, but does not conduct any current.
  • the main contact H leaves K2 and the thyristor arrangement T1 takes over the load current. Contact H switches off without arcing.
  • the ignition signal is passed on directly to the thyristor arrangement T3, which takes over the current when the thyristor arrangement T1 goes out at the next current zero crossing.
  • the thyristor arrangement T3 has an ignition signal for 11-14 ms, after which T4 is ignited.
  • the circulating current can now flow via the thyristor arrangements T3, T4 and the bridging resistor R.
  • the circulating current disappears when the thyristor arrangement T3 is extinguished at the next current zero crossing. If the load current is low, the thyristor arrangement T3 can possibly be erased by the oppositely flowing circuit current before the current zero crossing, which then immediately stops.
  • the thyristor arrangement T4 has an ignition signal for 11-14 ms, after which the thyristor arrangement T2 is ignited and, owing to the lower impedance in the branch, begins to carry current immediately.
  • the thyristor arrangement T2 is conductive until the main contact H touches the contact K3 and the changeover is thereby completed.
  • the thyristor arrangement T2 remains on until the auxiliary contact M2 leaves the contact K3.
  • Any thyristor damage regardless of whether the cause is overcurrent or overvoltage, results in one or more short-circuited thyristors.
  • Such damage in one of the thyristor arrangements T1 or T2 causes the fuse in question to trip.
  • the thyristor group lying parallel to the defective thyristor is also switched off when it has no ignition signal. This means that the tap changer no longer switches off without arcing; however, it remains functional.
  • FIG. 5 shows a basic arrangement for a tap changer with three thyristor arrangements T1 -T3 per phase, of which the thyristor arrangements T1 and T3 are connected in parallel to one another between the auxiliary contact M 1 and the main contact H.
  • the thyristor arrangement T1 lies in series with a fuse S
  • the thyristor arrangement T3 lies in series with a bridging resistor R
  • the thyristor arrangement T2 lies in series with a parallel connection with a fuse S and a resistor R.
  • the tap changer according to FIG. 5 offers the same advantages as the tap changer according to FIG. 4. In addition, it is cheaper because the number of thyristors is smaller. Because of the asymmetrical structure of the tap changer according to FIG. 5, the control circuits are somewhat more complicated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP84105170A 1983-05-10 1984-05-08 Stufenschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0124904B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84105170T ATE26764T1 (de) 1983-05-10 1984-05-08 Stufenschalter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8302691 1983-05-10
SE8302691A SE436529B (sv) 1983-05-10 1983-05-10 Lindningskopplare

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124904A2 EP0124904A2 (de) 1984-11-14
EP0124904A3 EP0124904A3 (en) 1985-01-09
EP0124904B1 EP0124904B1 (de) 1987-04-22
EP0124904B2 true EP0124904B2 (de) 1993-01-07

Family

ID=20351165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84105170A Expired - Lifetime EP0124904B2 (de) 1983-05-10 1984-05-08 Stufenschalter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0124904B2 (sv)
AT (1) ATE26764T1 (sv)
DE (1) DE3463313D1 (sv)
SE (1) SE436529B (sv)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400496B (de) * 1987-06-25 1996-01-25 Elin Oltc Gmbh Stufenschalter Thyristor-lastumschalter
FR2695769B1 (fr) * 1992-09-17 1994-11-25 Electricite De France Circuit statique variateur de tension alternative en charge.
US7872203B2 (en) * 2008-08-14 2011-01-18 Cooper Technologies Company Dual voltage switch
DE102009017196A1 (de) 2009-04-09 2010-10-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen
DE102009017197A1 (de) 2009-04-09 2010-10-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen
DE102010008973B4 (de) * 2010-02-24 2015-11-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter des Hybridtyps mit Halbleiterschaltelementen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3381213A (en) * 1966-03-29 1968-04-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tap changer apparatus
DE1763075A1 (de) * 1968-04-01 1971-08-26 Transform Roentgen Matern Veb Stromabnehmer fuer Stelltransformatoren
DE2612922C2 (de) * 1976-03-26 1978-05-11 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck Gmbh & Co Kg, 8400 Regensburg Lastumschalter für Stufentransformatoren mit je einem in den beiden Lastzweigen angeordneten Paar von antiparallel geschalteten Thyristoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3463313D1 (en) 1987-05-27
EP0124904A2 (de) 1984-11-14
SE8302691D0 (sv) 1983-05-10
SE8302691L (sv) 1984-11-11
EP0124904B1 (de) 1987-04-22
SE436529B (sv) 1984-12-17
ATE26764T1 (de) 1987-05-15
EP0124904A3 (en) 1985-01-09

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