EP0122464B1 - Spinning head for melt-spinning filaments - Google Patents

Spinning head for melt-spinning filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0122464B1
EP0122464B1 EP84102785A EP84102785A EP0122464B1 EP 0122464 B1 EP0122464 B1 EP 0122464B1 EP 84102785 A EP84102785 A EP 84102785A EP 84102785 A EP84102785 A EP 84102785A EP 0122464 B1 EP0122464 B1 EP 0122464B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
melt
spinning
pot
extension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84102785A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0122464A3 (en
EP0122464A2 (en
Inventor
Erich Dr.-Ing. Lenk
Max Feth
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Oerlikon Barmag AG
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Barmag AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0122464A2 publication Critical patent/EP0122464A2/en
Publication of EP0122464A3 publication Critical patent/EP0122464A3/en
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Publication of EP0122464B1 publication Critical patent/EP0122464B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spinning head for melt spinning endless threads made in particular of thermoplastic polymers, with a heating box made of two mechanically independent components, each in the form of heating chambers, which are pressed with their opposing longitudinal walls against the contact surfaces of a nozzle housing between the heating chambers on both sides without play be, with an interchangeable nozzle package being accommodated in the nozzle housing.
  • Threads in the sense of this application are understood to mean endless, linear structures which are continuously pressed out of spinneret plates and can be present, for example, as monofilaments or multifilaments, as ribbons, strands, bristles, spinning cables or the like.
  • Known spinner heads have interchangeable nozzle packs which are heatably inserted in corresponding nozzle housings in recesses in a closed heating box and whose melt inlet channel is sealed against the melt source under the action of a tension or compression screw.
  • the nozzle plates can have different hole patterns.
  • GB-A-1,350,496 relates to a spinning head for threads or fibers made of fiber-forming, synthetic polymers, in which the nozzle housing can be clamped between two parallel walls of a heating box, which are movable relative to one another.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a spinning head for melt spinning endless filaments made in particular of thermoplastic polymers which, while ensuring good heat transfer from the heating box to the nozzle assembly, enables the individual nozzle assemblies to be easily replaced from below.
  • the nozzle housing is a cuboid with cylindrical through-holes, that in the cylindrical through-holes a nozzle pot is provided for receiving the nozzle package, that a melt distributor block with a downwardly projecting attachment is attached above the nozzle housing , which leads the melt line, that the nozzle pot is connected to the neck by an external thread of the neck and a corresponding internal thread of the nozzle pot or bayonet fitting, and that the inside of the nozzle pot is sealed from the neck by a piston which is sealed axially in the nozzle pot is movable and is pressed as a result of the pressure prevailing in the interior of the nozzle pot against a seal surrounding the melt line of the attachment.
  • the two-part heating box consists of two mechanically independent and therefore relatively adjustable heating chambers, with the heating chamber, for example, which houses the installation of the melt feed, the metering pumps and drives, the pump block, etc., being fixed in place.
  • the nozzle packs or the nozzle housings receiving the nozzle packs are installed with their lateral contact surfaces between the longitudinal walls of the two heating chambers which are at a distance from one another and are pressed on from both sides without play. Despite the unavoidable manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion of the components, this enables a large-area, metallic contact of the heat transfer surfaces.
  • the longitudinal walls of the heating chambers, between which the nozzle housings rest without play, are machined as flat contact surfaces with a high surface quality and low surface roughness, so that the heat conduction from the walls of the heating chambers into the nozzle housing is favored.
  • the nozzle housing is designed as a heat-conducting block and is equipped with right-angled, plane-parallel side walls.
  • the play-free pressing of the two heating chambers with the nozzle housings in between takes place, for example, by connecting elements such as tie rods, stud bolts, tension spindles or the like which are stressed and which are advantageously inserted through transverse bores between the nozzle packs for mounting the nozzle housings. They are provided in such a number that sufficient surface pressure on the nozzle housings is ensured. With such a configuration, the entire heating box can essentially remain assembled when the spinning program etc. is changed, which is advantageous, for example, with regard to the devices for the heating, the external heat insulation and the like, and facilitates the assembly work. In particular, it is possible with the spinner head construction according to the invention to remove the nozzle packs for cleaning or inspection purposes without changing the nozzle housing.
  • Fig. 1 is a spinning head for the production of threads from thermoplastic polymers by the melt spinning process in cross section posed.
  • a plurality of nozzle packs 1 are arranged side by side in a row; in the longitudinal direction they form a spinning beam that can be expanded as required.
  • the spinning beam comprises a heating box consisting of two mechanically independent heating chambers 2, 3; To avoid heat loss and to protect the operating personnel, it is surrounded by an insulating jacket (not shown) which only widens an opening in the area of the nozzle plates 5 of the nozzle packs 1.
  • the heating box is, for example, essentially U-shaped, it can be supplemented by heat-conducting blocks in such a way that a heating box is formed which surrounds the other assemblies of the spinning beam and which ensures uniform heating of all components carrying the melt on all sides.
  • the heating box has a first heating chamber 2, which has a cavity for receiving the heat transfer medium and which, for example, can also have an L shape in cross section instead of the one shown. It is surface-machined on its contact surface 9, which extends over the length of the spinning beam, in such a way that a large-area, metallic contact with the melt-carrying components and possibly the heat-conducting blocks is created.
  • the metering pump and the pump block with the melt can be exchangeably fastened to the heating chamber 2, possibly as a component, so that when changing the spinning program, for example multiple or bicomponent spinning, by exchanging for a corresponding component that has essentially the same external dimensions , the conversion can be carried out quickly and easily.
  • the pump drive shafts can be guided through the cavity of the heating chamber to the outside, for example, through insert sleeves in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the melt is fed to the metering pumps through melt channels (not shown in more detail).
  • the second part of the heating box which is mechanically independent of the first heating chamber 2, comprises the heating chamber 3, which is also designed as an elongated, essentially rectangular hollow profile.
  • the longitudinal walls 9 and 14 of the two heating chambers 2 and 3 form contact heating surfaces for the plane-parallel housing walls of the nozzle housing 27 and are present as flat surfaces which extend over the entire length of the heating chambers 2, 3. They are machined with a high surface quality and low surface roughness in order to achieve a large-area, metallic system and thus good heat transfer to the nozzle housing 27.
  • the two heating chambers 2, 3 are pressed with their longitudinal walls 9, 14 by screw connections 16 without play against the nozzle housings 27 receiving the nozzle packs 1.
  • the tie rods or stud bolts 16 can also be screwed continuously into the preferably fixed heating chamber 2, in which case reinforcing eyes or the like are expediently provided. Possibly. They can also be screwed or cast into heat-conducting blocks which are firmly connected to the heating chamber 2 if the latter has a horizontal leg which is designed as a flat plate for the simplified processing of its contact surface. The heat-conducting blocks are then fastened, for example, to the horizontal leg of the heating chamber 2.
  • the tie rods 16 run through clamping bushes 28 which are present in the heating chamber 3 and are sealed off from the outside in approximately uniform intervals in accordance with the division of the nozzle packs.
  • the heating of the two heating chambers 2, 3 is carried out by a liquid or vaporous heat transfer medium according to the process engineering requirements of the polymer to be spun.
  • a condensable, organic heat transfer medium such as diphenyl, is preferably used and the saturated steam temperature is regulated via the assigned saturated steam pressure.
  • Both heating chambers 2, 3 are connected in parallel with respect to their heating and are supplied with saturated steam by a common steam generator.
  • a flexible line (metal hose, compensator line or the like) is preferably used to connect the inlet ports of the heating chambers 2, 3, through which changes in the distance between the heating chambers 2, 3 can be easily compensated for when converting the spinning beam.
  • a condensate drain also not shown, from which the condensate is discharged via a flexible line connecting the two outlet ports to the condensate collecting vessel.
  • the nozzles can be connected laterally or at the top or bottom if this appears expedient for the assembly of several spinning heads to form a spinning beam.
  • the heating of the two heating chambers 2, 3 can also take place in a different way, as long as it is only ensured that both are heated to essentially the same temperature and remain at this temperature.
  • Fig. 2 shows in detail the top view of the nozzle housing 27 for receiving several pot nozzles.
  • the nozzle housing 27 is clamped by screw connections 16 between the flat, mutually facing contact surfaces 9, 14 of the mechanically separated heating chambers 2, 3.
  • the spinning beam thus consists of the two side parts designed as heating chambers 2, 3, which are screwed together by tie rods 16.
  • Clamping bushings 28 are welded into both side parts so that the cavities of the heating chambers do not deform when they are clamped with the nozzle housings 27.
  • the nozzle housing 27, which is shown in plan view in FIG. 2, consists of a cuboid, into which through holes 29 are made at intervals. Between Through holes 29 are transverse bores 30 through which the tie rods or tension screws 16 are inserted when the nozzle housing 27 is assembled. Because of the high temperatures and the stress caused by the melt pressure during the operation of the spinning head, this fastening is given preference over a screwing of the nozzle housing 27 on both sides, in which the transverse bores are provided with a thread.
  • the nozzle packet 1 consists of a nozzle pot 38, in which the nozzle plate 5 is inserted and covered by the filter packet 39.
  • a sealing membrane 35 which rests with its top against a piston 34 which is axially movable in the nozzle cup 38.
  • the piston 34 in turn borders with its surface on the distributor block 31 and is separated from it by a seal 36.
  • the distributor block 31 has an extension 32 with an external thread 33.
  • the nozzle pot 38, and thus the nozzle packet 1 can be screwed onto the attachment 32 with a corresponding internal thread.
  • Other types of fastening such as a bayonet lock or the like, can also be used. It is only necessary to ensure a good seal between the distributor block 31 and the nozzle package 1.
  • the melt metering pump is finally attached to the distributor block 31.
  • the insulating jacket and the connecting lines as well as the other devices for heating the heating chambers 2, 3 have been omitted. However, it is understood that these are present.
  • the advantage of the spinning head or spinning beam construction described is that the pot-shaped nozzle packs 1 can be easily removed and replaced without the heating box having to be disassembled at the same time; the nozzle housings 27 clamped by the screw connections 16 between the contact surfaces 9, 14 remain unchanged connected to the heating chambers 2 and 3 when the nozzle packs 1 are changed.
  • the screw connections 16 are only loosened and, for example, the entire melt-carrying components, including the nozzle housing, are successively removed upwards if a conversion, if necessary, with replacement of the nozzle housing 27.
  • the spinning head according to the invention therefore has, in addition to the great technological advantages associated with good heat transfer, great advantages for both the manufacturer and the chemical fiber producer as a user because of its high flexibility with regard to assembly and maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Spinnkopf zum Schmelzspinnen endloser Fäden aus insbesondere thermoplastischen Polymeren, mit einem Heizkasten aus zwei mechanisch selbständigen, jeweils in Form von Heizkammern ausgebildeten Bauteilen, die mit ihren sich gegenüberliegenden Längswänden gegen die Anlageflächen eines zwischen den Heizkammern liegenden Düsengehäuses beidseitig spielfrei angepreßt werden, wobei in dem Düsengehäuse ein auswechselbares Düsenpaket untergebracht ist.The invention relates to a spinning head for melt spinning endless threads made in particular of thermoplastic polymers, with a heating box made of two mechanically independent components, each in the form of heating chambers, which are pressed with their opposing longitudinal walls against the contact surfaces of a nozzle housing between the heating chambers on both sides without play be, with an interchangeable nozzle package being accommodated in the nozzle housing.

Unter Fäden im Sinne dieser Anmeldung werden endlose, lineare Gebilde verstanden, die kontinuierlich aus Spinndüsenplatten ausgepreßt werden und beispielsweise als Mono- oder Multifilamente, als Bänder, Stränge, Borsten, Spinnkabel oder dgl. vorliegen können.Threads in the sense of this application are understood to mean endless, linear structures which are continuously pressed out of spinneret plates and can be present, for example, as monofilaments or multifilaments, as ribbons, strands, bristles, spinning cables or the like.

Bekannte Spinnköpfe haben auswechselbare-Düsenpakete, die beheizbar in entsprechenden Düsengehäusen in Aussparungen eines geschlossenen Heizkastens eingesetzt sind und deren Schmelzeeinlaßkanal gegen die Schmelzequelle unter der Kraftwirkung einer Zug- oder Druckschraube abgedichtet ist. Dabei können - je nach Anwendungsfall - die Düsenplatten unterschiedliche Lochbilder aufweisen.Known spinner heads have interchangeable nozzle packs which are heatably inserted in corresponding nozzle housings in recesses in a closed heating box and whose melt inlet channel is sealed against the melt source under the action of a tension or compression screw. Depending on the application, the nozzle plates can have different hole patterns.

Bei Spinnköpfen ist eine gleichmäßige Beheizung der Düsenplatten Voraussetzung für eine hochwertige Qualität der ersponnenen Fäden. Eine solche gleichmäßige Beheizung in der Praxis zu realisieren ist schwierig, insbesondere, wenn mehrere Düsenpakete in einem Spinnbalken nebeneinander angeordnet sind, weil für die an den Rändern angeordneten Düsenplatten andere Wärmeübertragungsverhältnisse vorliegen als für solche Düsenplatten, die zwischen anderen Düsenpaketen angeordnet sind.With spinning heads, uniform heating of the nozzle plates is a prerequisite for the high quality of the spun threads. It is difficult to achieve such uniform heating in practice, in particular if a plurality of nozzle packs are arranged next to one another in a spinning beam, because different heat transfer conditions exist for the nozzle plates arranged at the edges than for those nozzle plates which are arranged between other nozzle packs.

Die GB-A-1,350,496 hat einen Spinnkopf für Fäden oder Fasern aus faserformenden, synthetischen Polymeren zum Gegenstand, bei dem das Düsengehäuse zwischen zwei parallelen Wänden eines Heizkastens einspannbar ist, die relativ zueinander bewegbar sind.GB-A-1,350,496 relates to a spinning head for threads or fibers made of fiber-forming, synthetic polymers, in which the nozzle housing can be clamped between two parallel walls of a heating box, which are movable relative to one another.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Spinnkopf zum Schmelzspinnen endloser Fäden aus insbesondere thermoplastischen Polymeren zur Verfügung zu stellen, der bei Sicherstellung eines guten Wärmeübergangs vom Heizkasten auf das Düsenpaket eine einfache Auswechselbarkeit der einzelnen Düsenpakete von unten her ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a spinning head for melt spinning endless filaments made in particular of thermoplastic polymers which, while ensuring good heat transfer from the heating box to the nozzle assembly, enables the individual nozzle assemblies to be easily replaced from below.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei dem eingangs beschriebenen Spinnkopf dadurch gelöst, daß das Düsengehäuse ein Quader mit zylindrischen Durchgangslöchern ist, daß in den zylindrischen Durchgangslöchern jeweils ein Düsentopf zur Aufnahme des Düsenpakets vorgesehen ist, daß über dem Düsengehäuse ein Schmelzeverteilerblock mit nach unten ragendem Ansatz angebracht ist, der die Schmelzeleitung führt, daß der Düsentopf mit dem Ansatz durch ein Außengewinde des Ansatzes und ein entsprechendes Innengewinde des Düsentopfes oder Bajonettverschluß verbunden ist, und daß das Innere des Düsentopfes gegenüber dem Ansatz durch einen Kolben abgedichtet ist, der in dem Düsentopf unter Abdichtung axial beweglich ist und der infolge des im Inneren des Düsentopfes herrschenden Drucks gegen eine die Schmelzeleitung des Ansatzes umgebende Dichtung gedrückt wird.This object is achieved in the spinning head described in the introduction in that the nozzle housing is a cuboid with cylindrical through-holes, that in the cylindrical through-holes a nozzle pot is provided for receiving the nozzle package, that a melt distributor block with a downwardly projecting attachment is attached above the nozzle housing , which leads the melt line, that the nozzle pot is connected to the neck by an external thread of the neck and a corresponding internal thread of the nozzle pot or bayonet fitting, and that the inside of the nozzle pot is sealed from the neck by a piston which is sealed axially in the nozzle pot is movable and is pressed as a result of the pressure prevailing in the interior of the nozzle pot against a seal surrounding the melt line of the attachment.

Der zweiteilig ausgebildete Heizkasten besteht aus zwei mechanisch unabhängigen und daher relativ zueinander verstellbaren Heizkammern, wobei beispielsweise die Heizkammer, die die Installation der Schmelzezuführung, die Dosierpumpen und -antriebe, den Pumpenblock etc. aufnimmt, ortsfest montiert ist. Die Düsenpakete bzw. die die Düsenpakete aufnehmenden Düsengehäuse sind mit ihren seitlichen Anlageflächen zwischen die sich im Abstand gegenüberliegenden Längswände der beiden Heizkammern eingebaut und werden von beiden Seiten spielfrei angepreßt. Damit wird trotz der unvermeidbaren Fertigungstoleranzen und Wärmedehnungen der Bauteile ein großflächiger, metallischer Kontakt der Wärmeübertragungsflächen ermöglicht.The two-part heating box consists of two mechanically independent and therefore relatively adjustable heating chambers, with the heating chamber, for example, which houses the installation of the melt feed, the metering pumps and drives, the pump block, etc., being fixed in place. The nozzle packs or the nozzle housings receiving the nozzle packs are installed with their lateral contact surfaces between the longitudinal walls of the two heating chambers which are at a distance from one another and are pressed on from both sides without play. Despite the unavoidable manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion of the components, this enables a large-area, metallic contact of the heat transfer surfaces.

Hierzu sind die Längswände der Heizkammern, zwischen denen die Düsengehäuse spielfrei anliegen, als ebene Kontaktflächen mit hoher Oberflächengüte und geringer Rauhtiefe bearbeitet, so daß die Wärmeleitung von den Wänden der Heizkammern in das Düsengehäuse begünstigt wird. Das Düsengehäuse ist als Wärmeleitblock ausgebildet und mit rechtwinkligen, planparallelen Seitenwänden ausgestattet.For this purpose, the longitudinal walls of the heating chambers, between which the nozzle housings rest without play, are machined as flat contact surfaces with a high surface quality and low surface roughness, so that the heat conduction from the walls of the heating chambers into the nozzle housing is favored. The nozzle housing is designed as a heat-conducting block and is equipped with right-angled, plane-parallel side walls.

Das spielfreie Aneinanderpressen der beiden Heizkammern mit den dazwischen liegenden Düsengehäusen erfolgt beispielsweise durch auf Zug beanspruchte Verbindungselemente wie Zuganker, Stehbolzen, Zugspindeln oder dgl., die zur Montage der Düsengehäuse in vorteilhafter Weise durch Querbohrungen zwischen den Düsenpaketen hindurchgesteckt sind. Sie sind in einer solchen Anzahl vorgesehen, daß eine ausreichende Flächenpressung an den Düsengehäusen gewährleistet ist. Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung kann der gesamte Heizkasten bei einem Wechsel des Spinnprogramms etc. im wesentlichen zusammengebaut bleiben, was beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Einrichtungen für die Beheizung, die äußere Wärmeisolierung und dgl. von Vorteil ist und die Montagearbeiten erleichtert. Insbesondere ist es bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spinnkopfkonstruktion möglich, die Düsenpakete ohne einen Wechsel der Düsengehäuse zu Reinigungs- oder Inspektionszwecken auszubauen.The play-free pressing of the two heating chambers with the nozzle housings in between takes place, for example, by connecting elements such as tie rods, stud bolts, tension spindles or the like which are stressed and which are advantageously inserted through transverse bores between the nozzle packs for mounting the nozzle housings. They are provided in such a number that sufficient surface pressure on the nozzle housings is ensured. With such a configuration, the entire heating box can essentially remain assembled when the spinning program etc. is changed, which is advantageous, for example, with regard to the devices for the heating, the external heat insulation and the like, and facilitates the assembly work. In particular, it is possible with the spinner head construction according to the invention to remove the nozzle packs for cleaning or inspection purposes without changing the nozzle housing.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben.The invention is described below with reference to an embodiment.

Darin zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Spinnkopfes;
  • Fig. 2 die Aufsicht auf ein Düsengehäuse zur Aufnahme von Düsenpaketen gemäß Fig. 1.
In it show:
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the spinning head according to the invention;
  • 2 the top view of a nozzle housing for receiving nozzle packs according to FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Spinnkopf zur Herstellung von Fäden aus thermoplastischen Polymeren nach dem Schmelzspinnverfahren im Querschnitt dargestellt. Wie in Fig. 2 angedeutet, sind mehrere Düsenpakete 1 in Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet; sie bilden in Längsrichtung einen Spinnbalken, der beliebig erweitert werden kann. Der Spinnbalken umfaßt einen aus zwei mechanisch unabhängigen Heizkammern 2, 3 bestehenden Heizkasten; zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten und zum Schutz des Bedienungspersonals ist er von einem nicht dargestellten Isoliermantel umgeben, welcher nur im Bereich der Düsenplatten 5 der Düsenpakete 1 eine Öffnung aufweit. Ist der Heizkasten beispielsweise im wesentlichen U-förmig ausgebildet, so kann er durch Wärmeleitblöcke derart ergänzt werden, daß ein die übrigen Baugruppen des Spinnbalkens umschließender Heizkasten entsteht, der eine allseitig gleichförmige Beheizung aller schmelzeführenden Bauelemente sicherstellt.In Fig. 1 is a spinning head for the production of threads from thermoplastic polymers by the melt spinning process in cross section posed. As indicated in Fig. 2, a plurality of nozzle packs 1 are arranged side by side in a row; in the longitudinal direction they form a spinning beam that can be expanded as required. The spinning beam comprises a heating box consisting of two mechanically independent heating chambers 2, 3; To avoid heat loss and to protect the operating personnel, it is surrounded by an insulating jacket (not shown) which only widens an opening in the area of the nozzle plates 5 of the nozzle packs 1. If the heating box is, for example, essentially U-shaped, it can be supplemented by heat-conducting blocks in such a way that a heating box is formed which surrounds the other assemblies of the spinning beam and which ensures uniform heating of all components carrying the melt on all sides.

Im einzelnen weist der Heizkasten eine erste, einen Hohlraum für die Aufnahme des Wärmeträgers aufweisende Heizkammer 2 auf, die im Querschnitt statt der dargestellten beispielsweise auch L-Form haben kann. Sie ist an ihren sich über die Länge des Spinnbalkens erstreckenden Anlagefläche 9 derart insbesondere spanabnehmend oberflächenbearbeitet, daß ein großflächiger, metallischer Kontakt zu den schmelzeführenden Bauelementen und ggf. den Wärmeleitblöcken geschaffen wird. An der Heizkammer 2 können beispielsweise die Dosierpumpe und der Pumpenblock mit der Schmelzeverteilurig auswechselbar befestigt sein, ggf. als Baustein, so daß beim Wechsel des Spinnprogramms, beispielsweise Mehrfach- oder Bikompentenspinnen, durch Auswechseln gegen einen entsprechenden Baustein, der im wesentlichen gleiche äußere Abmessungen hat, der Umbau schnell und einfach vollziehbar ist. Die Pumpenantriebswellen können dabei beispielsweise durch Einsatzbüchsen druckdicht durch den Hohlraum der Heizkammer nach außen geführt werden. Die Schmelzezuführung zu den Dosierpumpen erfolgt durch nicht näher dargestellte Schmelzekanäle.Specifically, the heating box has a first heating chamber 2, which has a cavity for receiving the heat transfer medium and which, for example, can also have an L shape in cross section instead of the one shown. It is surface-machined on its contact surface 9, which extends over the length of the spinning beam, in such a way that a large-area, metallic contact with the melt-carrying components and possibly the heat-conducting blocks is created. For example, the metering pump and the pump block with the melt can be exchangeably fastened to the heating chamber 2, possibly as a component, so that when changing the spinning program, for example multiple or bicomponent spinning, by exchanging for a corresponding component that has essentially the same external dimensions , the conversion can be carried out quickly and easily. The pump drive shafts can be guided through the cavity of the heating chamber to the outside, for example, through insert sleeves in a pressure-tight manner. The melt is fed to the metering pumps through melt channels (not shown in more detail).

Der zweite, von der ersten Heizkammer 2 mechanisch unabhängige Teil des Heizkastens umfaßt die Heizkammer 3, die ebenfalls als langestrecktes, im wesentlichen rechteckiges Hohlprofil ausgebildet ist. Die Längswände 9 und 14 der beiden Heizkammern 2 und 3 bilden Kontaktheizflächen für die planparallelen Gehäusewände des Düsengehäuses 27 und liegen als ebene, sich über die ganze Länge der Heizkammern 2, 3 erstreckende Flächen vor. Sie sind mit hoher Oberflächengüte und geringer Rautiefe bearbeitet, um eine großflächige, metallische Anlage und damit einen guten Wärmeübergang an die Düsengehäuse 27 zu erzielen.The second part of the heating box, which is mechanically independent of the first heating chamber 2, comprises the heating chamber 3, which is also designed as an elongated, essentially rectangular hollow profile. The longitudinal walls 9 and 14 of the two heating chambers 2 and 3 form contact heating surfaces for the plane-parallel housing walls of the nozzle housing 27 and are present as flat surfaces which extend over the entire length of the heating chambers 2, 3. They are machined with a high surface quality and low surface roughness in order to achieve a large-area, metallic system and thus good heat transfer to the nozzle housing 27.

Die beiden Heizkammern 2, 3 sind nach Einbau der Düsengehäuse 27 durch Schraubverbindungen 16 mit ihren Längswänden 9, 14 spielfrei gegen die die Düsenpakete 1 aufnehmenden Düsengehäuse 27 angepreßt. Die Zuganker oder Stehbolzen 16 können statt, wie dargestellt, durchgehend auch in der vorzugsweise ortsfest angeordneten Heizkammer 2 verschraubt sein, wobei dann in dieser zweckmäßig Verstärkungsaugen oder dgl. vorgesehen sind. Ggf. können sie auch in mit der Heizkammer 2 fest verbundene Warmeleitblöcke eingeschraubt oder eingegossen sein, wenn diese einen horizontalen Schenkel aufweist, der zur vereinfachten Bearbeitung seiner Auflagefläche als ebene Platte ausgebildet ist. Die Wärmeleitblöcke sind dann beispielsweise am horizontalen Schenkel der Heizkammer 2 befestigt. In der Heizkammer 3 oder - wie dargestellt - in beiden Heizkammern 2, 3 verlaufen die Zuganker 16 durch in etwa gleichmäßigen Abständen entsprechend der Teilung der Düsenpakete 1 in der Heizkammer 3 vorliegende und nach außen hin abgedichtete Spannbüchsen 28.After the nozzle housings 27 have been installed, the two heating chambers 2, 3 are pressed with their longitudinal walls 9, 14 by screw connections 16 without play against the nozzle housings 27 receiving the nozzle packs 1. Instead of, as shown, the tie rods or stud bolts 16 can also be screwed continuously into the preferably fixed heating chamber 2, in which case reinforcing eyes or the like are expediently provided. Possibly. They can also be screwed or cast into heat-conducting blocks which are firmly connected to the heating chamber 2 if the latter has a horizontal leg which is designed as a flat plate for the simplified processing of its contact surface. The heat-conducting blocks are then fastened, for example, to the horizontal leg of the heating chamber 2. In the heating chamber 3 or — as shown — in both heating chambers 2, 3, the tie rods 16 run through clamping bushes 28 which are present in the heating chamber 3 and are sealed off from the outside in approximately uniform intervals in accordance with the division of the nozzle packs.

Die Beheizung der beiden Heizkammern 2, 3 erfolgt durch einen flüssigen oder dampfförmigen Wärmeträger nach den verfahrenstechnischen Erfordernissen des zu verspinnenden Polymers. Vorzugsweie wird ein kondensierbarer, organischer Wärmeträger, wie beispielsweise Diphenyl, verwendet und die Sattdampftemperatur über den zugeordneten Sattdampfdruck geregelt. Beide Heizkammern 2, 3 sind hinsichtlich ihrer Beheizung parallelgeschaltet und werden von einem gemeinsamen Dampferzeuger mit Sattdampf beaufschlagt. Zur Verbindung der nicht dargestellten Einlaßstutzen der Heizkammern 2, 3 wird vorzugsweise eine flexible Leitung (Metallschlauch, Kompensatorleitung oder dgl.) verwendet, durch welche Abstandsänderungen der Heizkammern 2, 3 beim Umbau des Spinnbalkens problemlos ausgeglichen werden können. Hinter den Auslaßstutzen der Heizkammern 2, 3 ist jeweils ein ebenfalls nicht dargestellter Kondensatableiter angeordnet, von dem das anfallende Kondensat über eine die beiden Auslaßstutzen verbindende, ebenfalls flexible Leitung zum Kondensatsammelgefäß abgeleitet wird. Die Stutzen können seitlich oder auch oben oder unten angeschlossen sein, wenn dies für die Montage mehrerer Spinnköpfe zu einem Spinnbalken zweckmäßig erscheint.The heating of the two heating chambers 2, 3 is carried out by a liquid or vaporous heat transfer medium according to the process engineering requirements of the polymer to be spun. A condensable, organic heat transfer medium, such as diphenyl, is preferably used and the saturated steam temperature is regulated via the assigned saturated steam pressure. Both heating chambers 2, 3 are connected in parallel with respect to their heating and are supplied with saturated steam by a common steam generator. A flexible line (metal hose, compensator line or the like) is preferably used to connect the inlet ports of the heating chambers 2, 3, through which changes in the distance between the heating chambers 2, 3 can be easily compensated for when converting the spinning beam. Behind the outlet ports of the heating chambers 2, 3 there is a condensate drain, also not shown, from which the condensate is discharged via a flexible line connecting the two outlet ports to the condensate collecting vessel. The nozzles can be connected laterally or at the top or bottom if this appears expedient for the assembly of several spinning heads to form a spinning beam.

Die Beheizung der beiden Heizkammern 2, 3 kann auch auf andere Weise erfolgen, solange nur gewährleistet ist, daß beide auf im wesentlichen dieselbe Temperatur beheizt und auf dieser Temperatur gehalten bleiben.The heating of the two heating chambers 2, 3 can also take place in a different way, as long as it is only ensured that both are heated to essentially the same temperature and remain at this temperature.

Fig. 2 zeigt als Detail die Aufsicht auf das Düsengehäuse 27 für die Aufnahme mehrerer Topfdüsen. Das Düsengehäuse 27 ist durch Schraubverbindungen 16 zwischen den ebenen, einander zugewandten Kontaktflächen 9, 14 der mechanisch getrennten Heizkammern 2, 3 verspannt.Fig. 2 shows in detail the top view of the nozzle housing 27 for receiving several pot nozzles. The nozzle housing 27 is clamped by screw connections 16 between the flat, mutually facing contact surfaces 9, 14 of the mechanically separated heating chambers 2, 3.

Der Spinnbalken besteht somit aus den beiden als Heizkammern 2, 3 ausgebildeten Seitenteilen, die durch Zuganker 16 miteinander verschraubt sind. In beide Seitenteile sind Spannbuchsen 28 eingeschweißt, damit sich die Hohlräume der Heizkammern bei Verspannen mit den Düsengehäusen 27 nicht deformieren. Das Düsengehäuse 27, das in Fig. 2 in der Aufsicht gezeigt ist, besteht aus einem Quader, in den Durchgangslöcher 29 in Abständen eingebracht sind. Zwischen den Durchgangslöchern 29 befinden sich Querbohrungen 30, durch welche bei der Montage der Düsengehäuse 27 die Zuganker oder Zugschrauben 16 hindurchgesteckt werden. Wegen der hohen Temperaturen und der Beanspruchung durch den Schmelzedruck im Betrieb des Spinnkopfes wird dieser Befestigung der Vorzug gegenüber einer beidseitigen Verschraubung des Düsengehäuses 27 gegeben, bei der die Querbohrungen mit Gewinde versehen sind.The spinning beam thus consists of the two side parts designed as heating chambers 2, 3, which are screwed together by tie rods 16. Clamping bushings 28 are welded into both side parts so that the cavities of the heating chambers do not deform when they are clamped with the nozzle housings 27. The nozzle housing 27, which is shown in plan view in FIG. 2, consists of a cuboid, into which through holes 29 are made at intervals. Between Through holes 29 are transverse bores 30 through which the tie rods or tension screws 16 are inserted when the nozzle housing 27 is assembled. Because of the high temperatures and the stress caused by the melt pressure during the operation of the spinning head, this fastening is given preference over a screwing of the nozzle housing 27 on both sides, in which the transverse bores are provided with a thread.

Das Düsenpaket 1 besteht aus einem Düsentopf 38, in welchen die Düsenplatte 5 eingesetzt und durch das Filterpaket 39 abgedeckt ist. auf dem Außenrand der Düsenplatte 5 sitzt eine der Abdichtung dienende Membran 35, die mit ihrer Oberseite gegen einen axial im Düsentopf 38 beweglichen Kolben 34 anliegt. Der Kolben 34 seinerseits grenzt mit seiner Oberfläche an den Verteilerblock 31 und ist von diesem durch eine Dichtung 36 getrennt. Zur Montage des topfförmigen Düsenpaketes 1 weist der Verteilerblock 31 einen Ansatz 32 mit Außengewinde 33 auf. Der Düsentopf 38, und damit das Düsenpaket 1, kann mit einem entsprechenden Innengewinde auf den Ansatz 32 aufgeschraubt werden. Andere Befestigungsarten, wie ein Bajonettverschluß oder dgl., sind ebenfalls anwendbar. Es muß nur eine gute Abdichtung zwischen dem Verteilerblock 31 und dem Düsenpaket 1 gewährleistet sein.The nozzle packet 1 consists of a nozzle pot 38, in which the nozzle plate 5 is inserted and covered by the filter packet 39. on the outer edge of the nozzle plate 5 is a sealing membrane 35 which rests with its top against a piston 34 which is axially movable in the nozzle cup 38. The piston 34 in turn borders with its surface on the distributor block 31 and is separated from it by a seal 36. To assemble the cup-shaped nozzle package 1, the distributor block 31 has an extension 32 with an external thread 33. The nozzle pot 38, and thus the nozzle packet 1, can be screwed onto the attachment 32 with a corresponding internal thread. Other types of fastening, such as a bayonet lock or the like, can also be used. It is only necessary to ensure a good seal between the distributor block 31 and the nozzle package 1.

Dies wird durch das Zusammenwirken des Kolbens 34, der Membran 35 und der Dichtung 36 bewirkt. Beim Aufschrauben des Düsentopfes 38 wird auch die Dichtung 36 soweit eingespannt, daß sie der zunächst mit niederem Druck bei Füllung der Hohlräume zwischem Membran 35 und Düsenplatte 5 einströmenden Schmelze standhält. Mit Füllung des Hohlraums unter der Membran baut sich in diesem ein Druck auf, der entsprechend dem Verhältnis der Querschnittsflächen von Membraninnenfläche und Schmelzekanal vervielfacht -auf die Dichtung 36 wirkt und damit eine sichere Abdichtung gewährleistet.This is caused by the interaction of the piston 34, the membrane 35 and the seal 36. When the nozzle cup 38 is screwed on, the seal 36 is also clamped to such an extent that it withstands the melt initially flowing in with low pressure when the cavities between the membrane 35 and the nozzle plate 5 are filled. When the cavity under the membrane is filled, a pressure builds up in it, which multiplies according to the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the membrane inner surface and the melt channel - acts on the seal 36 and thus ensures a secure seal.

Auf dem Verteilerblock 31 ist schließlich die Schmelzedosierpumpe befestigt. Zur Vereinfachung der Zeichnung sind der Isoliermantel und die Anschlußleitungen sowie die sonstigen Einrichtungen zur Beheizung der Heizkammern 2, 3 weggelassen worden. Es versteht sich jedoch, daß diese vorhanden sind.The melt metering pump is finally attached to the distributor block 31. To simplify the drawing, the insulating jacket and the connecting lines as well as the other devices for heating the heating chambers 2, 3 have been omitted. However, it is understood that these are present.

Der Vorteil der beschriebenen Spinnkopf- bzw. Spinnbalkenkonstruktion liegt darin, daß die topfförmigen Düsenpakete 1 einfach ausgebaut und gewechselt werden können, ohne daß gleichzeitig der Heizkasten auseinandergebaut werden müßte; die durch die Verschraubungen 16 zwischen den Kontaktflächen 9,14 eingespannten Düsengehäuse 27 bleiben beim Wechsel der Düsenpakete 1 unverändert mit den Heizkammern 2 und 3 verbunden. Nur bei einem ggf. erforderlichen Umbau mit Auswechseln des Düsengehäuses 27 werden die Verschraubungen 16 gelöst und beispielsweise die gesamten schmelzeführenden Bauteile einschließlich der Düsengehäuse nacheinander nach oben ausgebaut.The advantage of the spinning head or spinning beam construction described is that the pot-shaped nozzle packs 1 can be easily removed and replaced without the heating box having to be disassembled at the same time; the nozzle housings 27 clamped by the screw connections 16 between the contact surfaces 9, 14 remain unchanged connected to the heating chambers 2 and 3 when the nozzle packs 1 are changed. The screw connections 16 are only loosened and, for example, the entire melt-carrying components, including the nozzle housing, are successively removed upwards if a conversion, if necessary, with replacement of the nozzle housing 27.

Der erfindungsgemäße Spinnkopf hat daher außer den mit dem guten Wärmeübergang verbundenen großen technologischen Vorteilen wegen seiner hohen Flexibilität hinsichtlich Zusammenbau und Wartung große Vorteile sowohl für den Hersteller als auch den Chemiefaserproduzenten als Benutzer.The spinning head according to the invention therefore has, in addition to the great technological advantages associated with good heat transfer, great advantages for both the manufacturer and the chemical fiber producer as a user because of its high flexibility with regard to assembly and maintenance.

Claims (2)

1. Spinning head for the melt-spinning of endless filaments of, in particular, thermoplastic polymers, with a heated box of two mechanically independent components, each designed in the form of heated chambers (2,3), which are pressed on both sides, free from play, by their opposite longitudinal walls (9, 14) against the contact surfaces of a nozzle housing (27) lying between the heated chambers (2, 3), an exchangeable nozzle assembly (1) being accommodated in the nozzle housing, characterized in that the nozzle housing (27) is a cuboid with cylindrical through-holes (29), in that in each of the cylindrical through-holes (29) there is provided a nozzle pot (38) for receiving the nozzle assembly (1), in that above the nozzle housing (27) there is attached a melt distributor block (31) with downwardly protruding extension (32), which conducts the melt duct (13), in that the nozzle pot (38) is connected to the extension (32) by an external-thread (33) of the extension (32) and a corresponding internal thread of the nozzle pot (38) or bayonet closure, and in that the inside of the nozzle pot (38) is sealed off from the extension (32) by a plunger (34), which is axially movable in the nozzle pot (38) in sealed-off manner (diaphragm 35) and which, due to the pressure prevailing inside the nozzle pot (38), is pressed against a seal (36) surrounding the melt duct (13) of the extension (32).
2. Spinning head according to Claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle housing (27) has cross- bores (30) for bracing to the heated chambers (2, 3) by screw connections (16).
EP84102785A 1983-03-23 1984-03-14 Spinning head for melt-spinning filaments Expired EP0122464B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3310521 1983-03-23
DE3310521 1983-03-23

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EP0122464A2 EP0122464A2 (en) 1984-10-24
EP0122464A3 EP0122464A3 (en) 1985-05-02
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EP88102682A Expired - Lifetime EP0300120B1 (en) 1983-03-23 1984-03-14 Spinnerette for melt-spinning filaments
EP84102785A Expired EP0122464B1 (en) 1983-03-23 1984-03-14 Spinning head for melt-spinning filaments

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4645444A (en) 1987-02-24
DE3485710D1 (en) 1992-06-11
EP0300120B1 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0300120A2 (en) 1989-01-25
DE3475083D1 (en) 1988-12-15
EP0300120A3 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0122464A3 (en) 1985-05-02
EP0122464A2 (en) 1984-10-24

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