EP0116354A2 - Pallet - Google Patents

Pallet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0116354A2
EP0116354A2 EP84101143A EP84101143A EP0116354A2 EP 0116354 A2 EP0116354 A2 EP 0116354A2 EP 84101143 A EP84101143 A EP 84101143A EP 84101143 A EP84101143 A EP 84101143A EP 0116354 A2 EP0116354 A2 EP 0116354A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
corner
blocks
pallet according
pallet
flat pallet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84101143A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0116354A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0116354A2 publication Critical patent/EP0116354A2/en
Publication of EP0116354A3 publication Critical patent/EP0116354A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38Details or accessories
    • B65D19/40Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/001Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0012Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
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    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B65D2519/00009Materials
    • B65D2519/00084Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00114Combination, e.g. different elements made of different materials, laminates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00318Overall construction of the base surface made of one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00323Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00333Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00343Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface being substantially in the form of a panel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00368Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00378Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of two or more pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547Connections
    • B65D2519/00552Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547Connections
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    • B65D2519/00557Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00562Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed
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    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547Connections
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    • B65D2519/00572Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
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    • B65D2519/00796Guiding means for fork-lift

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat pallet, comprising a cover plate held by four corner blocks and at least additionally by one, in particular by two to five support blocks.
  • a double-deck flat pallet in which the base and cover plate are held at a distance from one another by glued-on rigid foam blocks, and in which the base and cover plate are made of thin hardboard or chipboard with a thickness of 1.6 to 6 mm, preferably about 3.2 mm, exist (DE-PS 26 31 373).
  • a double deck pallet designed in this way is excellently suitable as a disposable pallet due to its very low weight and low manufacturing costs.
  • the rigid foam blocks can be damaged by the fork of the forklift.
  • Forklifts often have driver the habit of moving pallets under load on the stacking surface by attaching the lifting fork to one or both of the corner blocks in order to adjust or move the pallet.
  • Such practices when handling pallets can damage the hard foam blocks and cause the pallet to fail.
  • At least partial damage to hard foam blocks can also occur if the fork of the forklift truck is not inserted exactly in the end position, but is placed at an angle to the pallet.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving a pallet of the type described in the introduction in such a way that it withstands its extreme strength and load-bearing capacity with low weight and low production costs, even under extreme conditions of handling practice. In particular, damage to the supporting blocks in the corner areas is to be effectively prevented. They should also be stackable to save space.
  • the corner blocks are at least partially made of chipboard material and the support blocks made of rigid foam material.
  • a flat pallet designed in this way is only insignificantly more complex in terms of its weight and the material and manufacturing costs as a pallet in which all blocks are made of rigid foam material. It may be possible according to the invention to manufacture the corner blocks entirely from pressboard material or to provide the hard foam blocks with a continuous core of pressboard material. A block of such training can also be used as a support block.
  • the pressboard material has the advantage that it is lighter than wood and that the production of a large number of blocks or cores of the same size does not require a greater amount of work than the production of corresponding rigid foam blocks.
  • Another advantage for the production of a pallet with mixed blocks of hard foam and press chip blocks or hard foam press chip blocks results from the dimensional accuracy with which both types of blocks can be produced.
  • pressboard material does not require drying and does not work, even if it gets temporarily wet due to weather conditions.
  • pressboard material has the further advantage that it is not attacked by insects, such as wasps or termites, and therefore, in contrast to wood, does not require any special impregnation. Blocks of pressboard material can also be easily connected to the cover plate of the pallet.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides, in particular for strength with relatively low weight, that at least the pressboard corner blocks are designed as cuboids of the same size with a length-width ratio of about 2: 1 and are arranged with their longitudinal edges in the longitudinal direction of the pallet.
  • Both the corner and the support blocks are hot-melt glued to the top and possibly to a base plate with their largest surface over their entire area, so that no separate gluing of rigid foam material and pressboard material is required. To achieve the necessary and quick contact pressure, nailing is also carried out.
  • pressboard material can be glued with the same adhesive as the hard foam material results in optimally inexpensive conditions for the production of the pallet.
  • the use of hot-melt adhesive results in short setting times, so that intermediate storage before shipping can be omitted.
  • a relief for problem-free retraction of the lifting fork is achieved with the design of the pallet according to the invention in that the corner blocks, seen in the longitudinal direction of the pallet, have a rounding or a bevel on the opposite end edges.
  • the corner blocks are designed as cylinders of the same size.
  • the cover plate is a hardboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 10 to 16 mm.
  • the manufacturing technology by gluing has a particularly advantageous and inexpensive effect, since both a hardboard and a particle board, together with the blocks, form a structure of the highest possible strength and load-bearing capacity due to the full-surface adhesive layer.
  • the pallet should be moved several times on the floor or on the stacking surface or moved on roller conveyors, this can be designed according to a further expedient proposal in such a way that at least the corner blocks on their undersides are equipped with runners extending from corner block to corner block are, which are preferably made of hard fiber or pressboard material. These too are bonded using a hot-melt adhesive in conjunction with nailing the runners to the press chip body of the block.
  • An improvement in strength when arranging runners is achieved in that the runners are connected by transverse runners running transversely to their longitudinal direction on their lower edge, which also consist of pressboard or hard fiber, preferably with a thickness of 3.2 to 5 mm.
  • the inner continuous core made of pressboard material has a rectangular, in particular elongated cross-section, and the core is advantageously arranged in the shell off-center and near the edge of the cover plate and, in the case of an elongated pallet, the long side of the core runs parallel to the long side of the pallet.
  • the corner blocks are aligned with the corner, while at the other end the corner blocks are at a distance from one edge of the cover plate, which is the Corresponds to the long or broad side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in such a space-saving manner that when the underside faces one another, the blocks of one pallet rest on the underside of the other pallet.
  • a pallet according to the invention comprises a cover plate 2 which, depending on the requirements for the load-bearing capacity, either a hardboard with a thickness of approx. 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of approx. Is 10 to 16 mm.
  • the cover plate 2 is held in the embodiment shown, for example by four corner blocks 3, 3 'and five support blocks 4.
  • the corner blocks 3 are preferably provided with a bevel 7 on their opposite end edges 6.
  • the corner block 3 ' shows a slightly different design.
  • This bevel 7 or rounding 8 have a very advantageous effect that the fork 5 of the forklift does not touch one of the corner blocks 3, 3 'when entering the pallet 1, even with a somewhat one-sided approach, and thus damages the pallet 1.
  • the corner blocks 3, 3 'and the support blocks 4 are cuboid and have a length / width ratio of, for example, 2: 1. They are aligned with their longitudinal edges 9 parallel to the outer edge of the pallet and in the case of rectangular pallets in the longitudinal direction 10 of the pallet.
  • the pallet 1 As the front view of the pallet 1 according to FIG. 2 shows, it comprises the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4 and the base plate 11.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3e The basic arrangement of corner and support blocks is shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e.
  • the pallet shown in plan view with the cover plate 2 removed has four corner blocks 3 and a centrally arranged, relatively elongated support block 4.
  • the pallet 1 in FIG. 3 b has four corner blocks 3 and two support blocks 4.
  • the pallet 1 in FIG. 3 c has four corner blocks 3 and three support blocks 4.
  • the pallet 1 in FIG. 3d has four corner blocks 3 and four support blocks 4.
  • the pallet 1 in Fig. 3e has four corner blocks 3 and five support blocks 4th
  • the choice of the type of block in the mixed block according to the invention with hard fiber and corner blocks 3, 3 'and hard foam support blocks 4 depends, as already mentioned, on the requirements placed on the pallet 1.
  • transverse skids 14 are arranged transversely to the pallet longitudinal direction.
  • All connections between the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4, the base plate 11 and possibly the runners 12 and the transverse runners 14 are made by a commercially available adhesive in the form of full-surface adhesive layers.
  • the pallet 1 very advantageously obtains a maximum of stability, rigidity and thus load-bearing capacity.
  • the pallet 1 according to the invention meets the requirements for the harshest operating or transport conditions even with multiple handling, because one Damage to the functionally important corner blocks, as is no longer possible with pallets equipped exclusively with hard foam blocks.
  • block material means that the pallet is insensitive to moisture, insect attack and other external influences.
  • the blocks namely both the hard fiber corner blocks 3, 3 ', 3 "and the hard foam support blocks 4, can be produced in large quantities accurately and inexpensively and with the related material of the cover plate 2 or the base plate 11 or the runners 12 glue or cross skids 14 easily.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show a further advantageous embodiment of a corner block 3, 3 'according to the invention.
  • This consists of an outer shell 16 made of hard foam material, preferably of the same material as the support blocks 4 of the pallet according to the invention.
  • Inside the shell 16 there is a core 17 made of pressboard material.
  • This core 17 is inserted in a through hole 18 of the shell 16 and is flush with its two end faces flush with the surfaces of the shell 16 which have the hole openings of the through hole 18, so that there is a quasi-continuous contact surface or standing surface of the corner block 3.
  • the shell 16 can have any external shape as described above.
  • the core 17 can be cylindrical or cuboid. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide several smaller cores instead of one large core.
  • the corner block according to the invention is significantly lighter and thus a lighter pallet according to the invention overall.
  • This corner block design can be used with any of the pallet shapes described above. Because of the greater shear strength of the corner block 3 according to the invention and the high compressive strength of the core 17, the corner block according to the invention can have smaller overall dimensions with improved strength in comparison to pure hard foam blocks.
  • the corner block according to the invention preferably has a width of approximately 15 cm, a height of approximately 10 cm and a depth of approximately 10 mm.
  • the cylindrical core 17 preferably has a diameter of 8 cm and its height corresponds to the height of the shell.
  • Fig. 9 shows two pallets facing each other on their undersides, the upper pallet having at one end the corner blocks 3, 3 ', which are arranged directly at the corner, so that, assigned to each corner block, two edges of the cover plate 2 with two Align adjacent walls of the corner block or lie in one plane.
  • the corner blocks 3, 3 ' have a distance X from the transverse edge 19 of the cover plate 2 which corresponds to the width Y of a block.
  • the blocks 3, 3 ' there are also in alignment with the other blocks with the longitudinal edges 20 and 21.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 The principle described can also be implemented if the corner blocks are not square in cross-section but represent rectangles.
  • the spatial shape and arrangement described in FIGS. 9 and 10 is, however, particularly advantageous. It also enables space-saving stacking, provided that the corner blocks 3 and 3 ', as shown in the right part in FIG. 9, are connected to a runner 14 running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the pallet. It should be noted that the corner blocks 3, 3 'are then connected at the other end to a runner 14, although this is not shown in FIG. 9.
  • Fig. 11 shows the underside of a cover plate 2 with the proviso that in the case of a square cross-section of the corner blocks 3, 3 'made of rigid foam material, the respectively associated cores 17 made of the pressboard material form an elongated rectangular body, the longitudinal sides 22, 22' parallel to the longitudinal edges 20 and 21 of the cover plate 2 and run in the vicinity thereof, so that they are arranged off-center.
  • This eccentric arrangement and design as an elongated body gives due to the high stability also the guarantee that no significant damage to a corner block can take place by the fork of a forklift.
  • corner blocks from pressboard material allows that in connection with the adhesive, particularly advantageously a hot-melt adhesive, nails or the like, metal clips can be used, which have the task of providing the necessary contact pressure for the adhesive up to the setting.
  • the use of the proposed hot-melt adhesive is very advantageous because it can be processed optimally and is easy to apply and also sets quickly.
  • the adhesive has the other one
  • the advantage is that it provides very high bond strength, even after a short setting time. A pallet made with it can be loaded after a short time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

In the pallet, the corner blocks consist at least partially of glazed insulating pressboard, preferably made of a shell of rigid foam material and an inner continuous core (17) of glazed insulating pressboard. They are connected to the cover plate by a hot melt adhesive. In order to stack the pallets, the corner blocks are arranged in alignment with the corner at the one end of the pallet, while, at the other end, the corner blocks have a spacing from one edge of the cover plate, which facing corresponds to the longitudinal or broad side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in a space-saving manner in such a way that, with mutually facing undersides, the blocks of the one pallet rest on the underside of the other pallet. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachpalette, umfassend eine von vier Eckklötzen und zumindest zusätzlich von einem, insbesondere von zwei bis fünf Stützklötzen gehaltene Deckplatte.The invention relates to a flat pallet, comprising a cover plate held by four corner blocks and at least additionally by one, in particular by two to five support blocks.

Bekannt ist unter anderem eine Doppeldeck-Flachpalette, bei der die Boden- und Deckplatte durch angeklebte Hartschaumklötze im Abstand voneinander gehalten sind, und bei welcher die Boden- und Deckenplatte aus dünnen Hartfaser- oder Preßspanplatten mit einer Dicke von 1,6 bis 6 mm, vorzugsweise ca. 3,2 mm, bestehen (DE-PS 26 31 373).Known is, inter alia, a double-deck flat pallet, in which the base and cover plate are held at a distance from one another by glued-on rigid foam blocks, and in which the base and cover plate are made of thin hardboard or chipboard with a thickness of 1.6 to 6 mm, preferably about 3.2 mm, exist (DE-PS 26 31 373).

Eine derartig ausgestaltete Doppeldeck-Palette eignet sich auf Grund ihres sehr geringen Gewichtes und ihrer niedrigen Herstellungskosten ausgezeichnet als Einweg-Palette.A double deck pallet designed in this way is excellently suitable as a disposable pallet due to its very low weight and low manufacturing costs.

Bei dieser bekannten Palette können die Hartschaumklötze von der Gabel des Gabelstaplers beschädigt werden. Vielfach haben Gabelstaplerfahrer die Gewohnheit, Paletten unter Last auf der Stapelfläche zu verschieben, indem die Hubgabel an einem der Eckklötze oder an beiden angesetzt wird, um die Palette zurechtzurücken oder zu verschieben. Solche bei der Handhabung von Paletten angewandten Praktiken können zur Beschädigung bei den Hartschaumklötzen und zum Ausfall der Palette führen. Eine zumindest partielle Beschädigung von Hartschaumklötzen kann auch dann eintreten, wenn die Gabel des Hubstaplers nicht exakt in der stirnseitigen Position eingeführt, sondern schräg zur Palette angesetzt wird.In this known range, the rigid foam blocks can be damaged by the fork of the forklift. Forklifts often have driver the habit of moving pallets under load on the stacking surface by attaching the lifting fork to one or both of the corner blocks in order to adjust or move the pallet. Such practices when handling pallets can damage the hard foam blocks and cause the pallet to fail. At least partial damage to hard foam blocks can also occur if the fork of the forklift truck is not inserted exactly in the end position, but is placed at an angle to the pallet.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Palette der eingangs beschriebenen Art so zu verbessern, daß sie unter Beibehaltung ihrer hohen Festigkeit und Tragfähigkeit bei geringem Gewicht und niedrigen Herstellungskosten auch extremen Bedingungen der Umschlagpraxis widersteht. Insbesondere soll eine Beschädigung der tragenden Klötze in den Eckbereichen wirksam verhindert werden. Auch sollen sie raumsparend stapelbar sein.The invention is based on the object of improving a pallet of the type described in the introduction in such a way that it withstands its extreme strength and load-bearing capacity with low weight and low production costs, even under extreme conditions of handling practice. In particular, damage to the supporting blocks in the corner areas is to be effectively prevented. They should also be stackable to save space.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß bei einer Flachpalette der eingangs genannten Art die Verbesserung darin besteht, daß die Eckklötze zumindest teilweise aus Preßspanmaterial und die Stützklötze aus Hartschaummaterial bestehen.To solve this problem it is provided according to the invention that in a flat pallet of the type mentioned the improvement is that the corner blocks are at least partially made of chipboard material and the support blocks made of rigid foam material.

Eine derartig ausgestaltete Flachpalette ist hinsichtlich ihres Gewichtes sowie der Material- und Herstellungskosten nur unwesentlich aufwendiger als eine Palette, bei der sämtliche Klötze aus Hartschaummaterial bestehen. Hierbei kann es erfindungsgemäß möglich sein, die Eckklötze vollständig aus Preßspanmaterial zu fertigen oder aber die Hartschaumklötze mit einem durchgehenden Kern aus Preßspanmaterial zu versehen. Ein Klotz solcher Ausbildung kann auch als Stützklotz Anwendung finden.A flat pallet designed in this way is only insignificantly more complex in terms of its weight and the material and manufacturing costs as a pallet in which all blocks are made of rigid foam material. It may be possible according to the invention to manufacture the corner blocks entirely from pressboard material or to provide the hard foam blocks with a continuous core of pressboard material. A block of such training can also be used as a support block.

Das Preßspanmaterial hat den Vorteil, daß es leichter als Holz ist, und daß die Herstellung einer Vielzahl gleich großer Klötze bzw. Kerne keinen größeren Arbeitsaufwand erfordert als die Herstellung entsprechender Hartschaumklötze. Ein weiterer Vorteil für die Herstellung einer Palette mit Misch-Beklotzung von Hartschaum- und Preßspanklötzen bzw. Hartschaum-Preßspanklötzen ergibt sich aus der Maßgenauigkeit, mit der beide Arten von Klötzen herstellbar sind. Im Gegensatz zu Klötzen aus Holz benötigt Preßspanmaterial keine Trocknung und arbeitet nicht, auch wenn es durch Witterungseinflüsse vorübergehend naß wird. Bei Verwendung insbesondere in tropischen Gegenden hat Preßspanmaterial weiter den Vorteil, daß es von Insekten, wie Wespen oder Termiten, nicht angegriffen wird und daher im Gegensatz zu Holz keine besondere Imprägnierung benötigt. Auch lassen sich Klötze aus Preßspanmaterial leicht mit der Deckplatte der Palette verbinden.The pressboard material has the advantage that it is lighter than wood and that the production of a large number of blocks or cores of the same size does not require a greater amount of work than the production of corresponding rigid foam blocks. Another advantage for the production of a pallet with mixed blocks of hard foam and press chip blocks or hard foam press chip blocks results from the dimensional accuracy with which both types of blocks can be produced. In contrast to wooden blocks, pressboard material does not require drying and does not work, even if it gets temporarily wet due to weather conditions. When used in particular in tropical regions, pressboard material has the further advantage that it is not attacked by insects, such as wasps or termites, and therefore, in contrast to wood, does not require any special impregnation. Blocks of pressboard material can also be easily connected to the cover plate of the pallet.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht mit Vorteil, insbesondere für die Festigkeit bei relativ geringem Gewicht vor, daß zumindest die Preßspan-Eckklötze als gleich große Quader mit einem Längen-Breitenverhältnis von ca. 2 : 1 ausgebildet und mit ihren Längskanten in Palettenlängsrichtung angeordnet sind.An embodiment of the invention provides, in particular for strength with relatively low weight, that at least the pressboard corner blocks are designed as cuboids of the same size with a length-width ratio of about 2: 1 and are arranged with their longitudinal edges in the longitudinal direction of the pallet.

Sowohl die Eck- als auch die Stützklötze sind mittels Hot-Melt-Kleber mit der Deck- und ggf. mit einer Bodenplatte mit ihrer jeweils größten Fläche ganzflächig verklebt, so daß keine getrennte Verklebung von Hartschaummaterial und Preßspanmaterial erforderlich ist. Um den notwendigen und schnellen Anpreßdruck zu erreichen, erfolgt zusätzlich eine Nagelung.Both the corner and the support blocks are hot-melt glued to the top and possibly to a base plate with their largest surface over their entire area, so that no separate gluing of rigid foam material and pressboard material is required. To achieve the necessary and quick contact pressure, nailing is also carried out.

Dadurch, daß das Preßspanmaterial mit demselben Kleber wie das Hartschaummaterial verklebt werden kann, ergeben sich für die Herstellung der Palette optimal kostengünstige Voraussetzungen. Durch die Verwendung von Hot-Melt-Kleber ergeben sich kurze Abbindezeiten, so daß eine Zwischenlagerung vor dem Versand entfallen kann.The fact that the pressboard material can be glued with the same adhesive as the hard foam material results in optimally inexpensive conditions for the production of the pallet. The use of hot-melt adhesive results in short setting times, so that intermediate storage before shipping can be omitted.

Eine Erleichterung für ein problemloses Einfahren der Hubgabel wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der Palette dadurch erreicht, daß die Eckklötze, in Palettenlängsrichtung gesehen, an den aneinander gegenüberliegenden Stirnkanten eine Abrundung bzw. eine Abschrägung aufweisen.A relief for problem-free retraction of the lifting fork is achieved with the design of the pallet according to the invention in that the corner blocks, seen in the longitudinal direction of the pallet, have a rounding or a bevel on the opposite end edges.

Ebenfalls ein problemloses Einfahren der Hubgabel wird dadurch begünstigt, daß nach einem anderen Vorschlag die Eckklötze als gleich große Zylinder ausgebildet sind. Je nach Anforderung an die Belastbarkeit der Palette kann wahlweise vorgesehen sein, daß die Deckplatte eine Hartfaserplatte mit einer Dicke von vorzugsweise ca. 3,2 bis 5 mm oder eine Preßspanplatte mit einer Dicke von vorzugsweise ca. 10 bis 16 mm ist.Trouble-free retraction of the lifting fork is also favored in that, according to another proposal, the corner blocks are designed as cylinders of the same size. Depending on the requirements for the load capacity of the pallet, it can optionally be provided that the cover plate is a hardboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 10 to 16 mm.

In beiden Fällen wirkt sich die Fertigungstechnik durch Kleben besonders vorteilhaft und kostengünstig aus, da sowohl eine Hartfaserplatte als auch eine Preßspanplatte durch die ganzflächige Klebschicht zusammen mit den Klötzen ein Gebilde von höchstmöglicher Festigkeit und Tragfähigkeit ergibt.In both cases, the manufacturing technology by gluing has a particularly advantageous and inexpensive effect, since both a hardboard and a particle board, together with the blocks, form a structure of the highest possible strength and load-bearing capacity due to the full-surface adhesive layer.

Dadurch wird im Falle einer Verwendung als Display-Palette auch die besonders kostengünstige Ausführung ermöglicht, daß die Palette mit einer Deckplatte ausgestattet, jedoch ohne Bodenplatte ist.In the case of use as a display pallet, this also enables the particularly cost-effective design that the pallet is equipped with a cover plate, but without a base plate.

Wenn vorauszusehen ist, daß die Palette mehrfach am Boden bzw. auf der Stapelfläche verschoben oder auf Rollenbahnen bewegt werden soll, kann diese nach einem weiteren zweckmäßigen Vorschlag so ausgestaltet sein, daß zumindest die Eckklötze an deren Unterseiten mit von Eckklotz zu Eckklotz sich erstreckenden Kufen ausgestattet sind, die vorzugsweise aus Hartfaser- oder aus Preßspanmaterial bestehen. Auch bei diesen erfolgt eine Verklebung durch einen Hot-Melt-Kleber in Verbindung mit einer Nagelung der Kufe mit dem Preßspankörper des Klotzes. Dabei wird eine Verbesserung der Festigkeit bei Anordnung von Kufen dadurch erzielt, daß die Kufen durch quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung an ihrer Unterkante verlaufende Querkufen verbunden sind, die ebenfalls aus Preßspan oder Hartfaser bestehen, mit vorzugsweise einer Dicke von 3,2 bis 5 mm.If it can be foreseen that the pallet should be moved several times on the floor or on the stacking surface or moved on roller conveyors, this can be designed according to a further expedient proposal in such a way that at least the corner blocks on their undersides are equipped with runners extending from corner block to corner block are, which are preferably made of hard fiber or pressboard material. These too are bonded using a hot-melt adhesive in conjunction with nailing the runners to the press chip body of the block. An improvement in strength when arranging runners is achieved in that the runners are connected by transverse runners running transversely to their longitudinal direction on their lower edge, which also consist of pressboard or hard fiber, preferably with a thickness of 3.2 to 5 mm.

In weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, daß bei rechteckigem, insbesondere quadratischem Querschnitt der Schale aus Hartschaummaterial der innere durchgehende Kern aus Preßspanmaterial einen rechteckigen, insbesondere langgestreckten Querschnitt aufweist und vorteilhaft der Kern in der Schale außermittig und nahe dem Rand der Deckplatte angeordnet ist und bei langgestreckter Palette die Längsseite des Kerns parallel zur Längsseite der Palette verläuft.In a further embodiment according to the invention, it is proposed that, in the case of a rectangular, in particular square, cross section of the shell made of rigid foam material, the inner continuous core made of pressboard material has a rectangular, in particular elongated cross-section, and the core is advantageously arranged in the shell off-center and near the edge of the cover plate and, in the case of an elongated pallet, the long side of the core runs parallel to the long side of the pallet.

Um eine raumsparende Stapelung der Paletten zu erreichen, wird in weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung vorgeschlagen, daß an dem einen Ende der Palette die Eckklötze mit der Ecke fluchtend angeordnet sind, während an dem anderen Ende die Eckklötze zu einer Kante der Deckplatte einen Abstand haben, der der Längs- bzw. Breitseite des Eckklotzes entspricht und somit zwei Paletten derart raumsparend stapelbar sind, daß bei einander zugekehrter Unterseite die Klötze der einen Palette an der Unterseite der anderen Palette anliegen.In order to achieve space-saving stacking of the pallets, it is proposed in a further embodiment according to the invention that at one end of the pallet the corner blocks are aligned with the corner, while at the other end the corner blocks are at a distance from one edge of the cover plate, which is the Corresponds to the long or broad side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in such a space-saving manner that when the underside faces one another, the blocks of one pallet rest on the underside of the other pallet.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von in verschiedenen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen mit ihren Vorteilen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with its advantages on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in different drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Palette,
  • Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht der Palette gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 a
  • bis 3 e eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung von Eck-und Stützklötzen
    • - mit vier Eckklötzen und einem Stützklotz (Fig.3a)
    • - mit vier Eck- und zwei Stützklötzen (Fig.3b)
    • - mit vier Eck- und drei Stützklötzen (Fig.3c)
    • - mit vier Eck- und vier Stützklötzen (Fig.3d)
    • - mit vier Eck- und fünf Stützklötzen (Fig.3e),
  • Fig. 4 eine Anordnung von vier zylindrischen Eckklötzen und fünf Stützklötzen,
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf eine mit Kufen ausgestattete Palette gemäß der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 6 eine Vorderansicht der Palette gemäß Fig. 5,
  • Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines Eckklotzes,
  • Fig. 8 eine Aufsicht auf einen Eckklotz gemäß Fig. 7,
  • Fig. 9 in perspektivischer Darstellung zwei an ihren Unterseiten einander zugekehrte Paletten abgewandelter Ausbildung,
  • Fig. 10 die ineinander gestapelten beiden Paletten nach Fig. 9,
  • Fig. 11 eine weitere Palette in der Ansicht von unten.
Show it:
  • 1 is a plan view of a pallet according to the invention,
  • 2 is a front view of the pallet of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 a
  • to 3 e is a schematic representation of the arrangement of corner and support blocks
    • - with four corner blocks and a support block (Fig.3a)
    • - with four corner and two support blocks (Fig.3b)
    • - with four corner and three support blocks (Fig.3c)
    • - with four corner and four support blocks (Fig.3d)
    • - with four corner and five support blocks (Fig.3e),
  • 4 shows an arrangement of four cylindrical corner blocks and five support blocks,
  • 5 is a plan view of a pallet equipped with runners according to the invention,
  • 6 is a front view of the pallet of FIG. 5,
  • 7 shows a section through an advantageous embodiment of a corner block,
  • 8 is a plan view of a corner block according to FIG. 7,
  • Fi g. 9 shows in perspective two pallets of modified design facing one another on their undersides,
  • 10 shows the two pallets according to FIG. 9 stacked one inside the other, FIG.
  • Fig. 11 shows another pallet in the view from below.

Eine Palette gemäß der Erfindung, siehe Fig. 1, umfaßt eine Deckplatte 2, die je nach Anforderungen an die Tragfähigkeit entweder eine Hartfaser - platte mit-einer Dicke von ca. 3,2 bis 5 mm oder eine Preßspanplatte mit einer Dicke von ca. 10 bis 16 mm ist. Die Deckplatte 2 ist in der gezeigten Ausführung beispielsweise von vier Eckklötzen 3, 3' sowie von fünf Stützklötzen 4 gehalten. Die vier Eckklötze 3, 3' bestehen aus Preßspanmaterial, während die Stützklötze 4 aus Hartschaum, beispielsweise aus Styropur-Hartschaum bestehen. Um ein problemloses Einfahren der Gabel 5 des Gabelstaplers zu erleichtern, sind die Eckklötze 3 an ihren einander gegenüberliegenden Stirnkanten 6 vorzugsweise mit einer Abschrägung 7 versehen. Eine etwas andere Ausführung zeigt der Eckklotz 3'. Dieser ist an seiner Stirnkante 6 mit einer Abrundung 8 versehen. Diese Abschrägung 7 bzw. Abrundung 8 bewirken sehr vorteilhaft, daß die Gabel 5 des Gabelstaplers beim Einfahren in die Palette 1 auch bei etwas einseitigem Ansatz nicht an einem der Eckklötze 3, 3' aneckt und damit die Palette 1 beschädigt. Die Eckklötze 3, 3' sowie die Stutzklotze 4 sind quaderförmig ausgebildet und weisen ein Längen/ Breitenverhältnis von beispielsweise 2 : 1 auf. Sie sind mit ihren Längskanten 9 parallel zur Palettenaußenkante ausgerichtet und bei rechteckigen Paletten in Palettenlängsrichtung 10.A pallet according to the invention, see FIG. 1, comprises a cover plate 2 which, depending on the requirements for the load-bearing capacity, either a hardboard with a thickness of approx. 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of approx. Is 10 to 16 mm. The cover plate 2 is held in the embodiment shown, for example by four corner blocks 3, 3 'and five support blocks 4. The four corner blocks 3, 3 'consist of pressboard material, while the support blocks 4 consist of rigid foam, for example of styrofoam rigid foam. In order to facilitate a smooth retraction of the fork 5 of the forklift, the corner blocks 3 are preferably provided with a bevel 7 on their opposite end edges 6. The corner block 3 'shows a slightly different design. This is at its end edge 6 with a rounding 8 Mistake. This bevel 7 or rounding 8 have a very advantageous effect that the fork 5 of the forklift does not touch one of the corner blocks 3, 3 'when entering the pallet 1, even with a somewhat one-sided approach, and thus damages the pallet 1. The corner blocks 3, 3 'and the support blocks 4 are cuboid and have a length / width ratio of, for example, 2: 1. They are aligned with their longitudinal edges 9 parallel to the outer edge of the pallet and in the case of rectangular pallets in the longitudinal direction 10 of the pallet.

Wie die Vorderansicht der Palette 1 gemäß Fig. 2 zeigt, umfaßt diese die Deckplatte 2, die Eckklötze 3, 3', die Stützklötze 4 sowie die Bodenplatte 11.As the front view of the pallet 1 according to FIG. 2 shows, it comprises the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4 and the base plate 11.

In den Figuren 3a bis 3e ist die grundsätzliche Anordnung von Eck-und Stützklötzen dargestellt.The basic arrangement of corner and support blocks is shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e.

Gemäß Fig. 3a besitzt die in Draufsicht mit abgenommener Deckplatte 2 gezeigte Palette vier Eckklötze 3 und einen zentral angeordneten, relativ langgestreckten Stützklotz 4.3a, the pallet shown in plan view with the cover plate 2 removed has four corner blocks 3 and a centrally arranged, relatively elongated support block 4.

Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3b besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und zwei Stützklötze 4.The pallet 1 in FIG. 3 b has four corner blocks 3 and two support blocks 4.

Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3c besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und drei Stützklötze 4.The pallet 1 in FIG. 3 c has four corner blocks 3 and three support blocks 4.

Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3d besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und vier Stützklötze 4.The pallet 1 in FIG. 3d has four corner blocks 3 and four support blocks 4.

Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3e besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und fünf Stützklötze 4. Die Wahl der Beklotzungsart in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischbeklotzung mit Hartfaser- und Eckklötzen 3, 3' und Hartschaum-Stützklötzen 4 hängt, wie bereits erwähnt, von den an die Palette 1 gestellten Anforderungen ab.The pallet 1 in Fig. 3e has four corner blocks 3 and five support blocks 4th The choice of the type of block in the mixed block according to the invention with hard fiber and corner blocks 3, 3 'and hard foam support blocks 4 depends, as already mentioned, on the requirements placed on the pallet 1.

Fig. 4 zeigt abweichend von den vorgängigen Ausführungen eine Beklotzung, bei welcher die Ecklötze 3'' in Form von zylindrischen Körpern ausgestaltet sind.4 shows, deviating from the previous versions, a block in which the corner solder 3 '' is designed in the form of cylindrical bodies.

Die Palette 1 in Fig. 5 umfaßt abweichend von derjenigen nach Fig. 1 keine Bodenplatte 1, sondern drei in Palettenlängsrichtung 10 angeordnete Kufen 12. Mit diesen ist die Palette 1 sehr vorteilhaft in der Lage; auf dem Boden 13 bzw. einer Stapel- oder Abstellfläche verschoben zu werden. Zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit der Palette 1 sind quer zur Palettenlängsrichtung 10 Querkufen 14 angeordnet.5, in contrast to that of FIG. 1, does not include a base plate 1, but three runners 12 arranged in the longitudinal direction 10 of the pallet. to be moved on the floor 13 or a stacking or storage surface. To increase the strength of the pallet 1 10 transverse skids 14 are arranged transversely to the pallet longitudinal direction.

Alle Verbindungen zwischen der Deckplatte 2, den Eckklötzen 3, 3', den Stützklötzen 4, der Bodenplatte 11 und ggf. den Kufen 12 sowie den Querkufen 14 sind durch einen handelsüblichen Kleber in Form von ganzflächigen Klebschichten ausgeführt.All connections between the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4, the base plate 11 and possibly the runners 12 and the transverse runners 14 are made by a commercially available adhesive in the form of full-surface adhesive layers.

Dadurch erhält die Palette 1 sehr vorteilhaft ein Höchstmaß an Stabilität, Steifigkeit und somit an Tragfähigkeit. Durch die Verwendung von Preßspanmaterial für die Eckklötze 3, 3', 3" wird die erfindungsgemäße Palette 1 den Anforderungen an rauheste Betriebs- bzw. Transportbedingungen auch mit vielfachem Umschlag gerecht, weil eine Beschädigung der funktionswichtigen Eckklötze, wie bei ausschließlich mit Hartschaum-Klötzen bestückten Paletten, nicht mehr möglich ist.As a result, the pallet 1 very advantageously obtains a maximum of stability, rigidity and thus load-bearing capacity. By using pressboard material for the corner blocks 3, 3 ', 3 ", the pallet 1 according to the invention meets the requirements for the harshest operating or transport conditions even with multiple handling, because one Damage to the functionally important corner blocks, as is no longer possible with pallets equipped exclusively with hard foam blocks.

Darüberhinaus ist die Palette durch die Wahl des Klotzmaterials unempfindlich gegen Feuchtigkeit sowie gegen Insektenbefall und andere äußere Einflüsse.In addition, the choice of block material means that the pallet is insensitive to moisture, insect attack and other external influences.

Die Klötze, und zwar sowohl die Hartfaser-Eckklötze 3, 3', 3" als auch die Hartschaum-Stützklötze 4 lassen sich maßgenau und kostengünstig in großen Stückzahlen herstellen und mit dem verwandten Material der Deckplatte 2 bzw. der Bodenplatte 11 oder der Kufen 12 bzw. Querkufen 14 problemlos verkleben.The blocks, namely both the hard fiber corner blocks 3, 3 ', 3 "and the hard foam support blocks 4, can be produced in large quantities accurately and inexpensively and with the related material of the cover plate 2 or the base plate 11 or the runners 12 glue or cross skids 14 easily.

In Fig. 7 und 8 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes 3, 3' dargestellt. Dieser besteht aus einer äußeren Schale 16 aus Hartschaummaterial, vorzugsweise aus demselben Material wie die Stützklötze 4 der erfindungsgemäßen Palette. Im Innern der Schale 16 befindet sich ein Kern 17 aus Preßspanmaterial. Dieser Kern 17 ist in einem Durchgangsloch 18 der Schale 16 eingesetzt undschließt mit seinen beiden Stirnflächen bündig mit den die Loch- öffnungen des Durchgangsloches 18 aufweisen Flächen der Schale 16 ab, so daß sich eine quasi durchgehende Auflagefläche bzw. Standfläche des Eckklotzes 3 ergibt. Die Schale 16 kann jede im vorstehenden beschriebene äußere Form besitzen. Der Kern 17 kann zylindrisch oder quaderförmig ausgebildet sein. Ebenfalls liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, mehrere kleinere Kerne anstatt eines großen Kerns vorzusehen. Durch den bündigen endseitigen Abschluß zwischen Kern 17 und der diesen einschließenden Schale erfolgt eine vollflächige Verklebung zwischen der Deckplatte 2 und dem aus Schale und Kern bestehenden Eckklotz 3, so daß eine große Verbindungsfläche vorhanden ist, die einen festen Verbund und damit eine große Festigkeit gewährleistet, obwohl eine dünne Deckplatte, z. B. von 3,2 mm Dicke, verwendet wird. Eine derartig dünne Deckplatte kann nicht bei bekannten Paletten, bei denen die Klötze ausschließlich angenagelt werden, verwendet werden, weil das Deckplattenmaterial im Bereich der Nägel ausreißt. Dabei verhindert der Kern 17 ein Abscheeren des Eckklotzes 3 bei schräg zur Kernlängsachse auftretenden Beanspruchungen, was bei Eckklötzen, die ausschließlich aus Hartschaum bestehen, stets ein Problem darstellt. Im Vergleich zu Eckklötzen nur aus Preßspan ergibt sich bei vergleichbarer Bindungs- bzw. Auflagefläche ein wesentlich geringeres Gewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes und damit eine insgesamt leichtere erfindungsgemäße Palette. Diese Ausbildung des Eckklotzes kann bei jeder der im obigen beschriebenen Palettenformen eingesetzt werden. Auf Grund der größeren Scheerfestigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes 3 und der großen Druckfestigkeit des Kernes 17 kann im Vergleich zu reinen Hartschaumklötzen der erfindungsgemäße Eckklotz im ganzen geringere Abmessungen bei trotzdem verbesserter Festigkeit besitzen.7 and 8 show a further advantageous embodiment of a corner block 3, 3 'according to the invention. This consists of an outer shell 16 made of hard foam material, preferably of the same material as the support blocks 4 of the pallet according to the invention. Inside the shell 16 there is a core 17 made of pressboard material. This core 17 is inserted in a through hole 18 of the shell 16 and is flush with its two end faces flush with the surfaces of the shell 16 which have the hole openings of the through hole 18, so that there is a quasi-continuous contact surface or standing surface of the corner block 3. The shell 16 can have any external shape as described above. The core 17 can be cylindrical or cuboid. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide several smaller cores instead of one large core. Due to the flush end closure between the core 17 and the shell enclosing it, there is a full-area gluing between the cover plate 2 and the corner block 3 consisting of the shell and core, so that a large connecting surface is present which ensures a firm bond and thus great strength, although a thin cover plate, e.g. B. of 3.2 mm thickness is used. Such a thin cover plate cannot be used in known pallets, in which the blocks are only nailed on, because the cover plate material tears out in the area of the nails. The core 17 prevents the corner block 3 from shearing off when stresses occur obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the core, which is always a problem with corner blocks which consist exclusively of rigid foam. Compared to corner blocks made of pressboard only, with a comparable binding or support surface, the corner block according to the invention is significantly lighter and thus a lighter pallet according to the invention overall. This corner block design can be used with any of the pallet shapes described above. Because of the greater shear strength of the corner block 3 according to the invention and the high compressive strength of the core 17, the corner block according to the invention can have smaller overall dimensions with improved strength in comparison to pure hard foam blocks.

Vorzugsweise besitzt der erfindungsgemäße Eckklotz eine Breite von ca. 15 cm, eine Höhe von ca. 10 cm und eine Tiefe von ca. 10 mm. Der zylindrische Kern 17 hat vorzugsweise einen Durchmesser von 8 cm und seine Höhe entspricht der Höhe der Schale.The corner block according to the invention preferably has a width of approximately 15 cm, a height of approximately 10 cm and a depth of approximately 10 mm. The cylindrical core 17 preferably has a diameter of 8 cm and its height corresponds to the height of the shell.

Fig. 9 zeigt zwei an ihren Unterseiten einander zugekehrte Paletten, wobei die obere Palette an dem einen Ende die Eckklötze 3, 3' hat, die unmittelbar an der Ecke angeordnet sind, so daß, jedem Eckklotz zugeordnet, zwei Kanten der Deckplatte 2 mit zwei einander angrenzenden Wandungen des Eckklotzes fluchten bzw. in einer Ebene liegen.Fig. 9 shows two pallets facing each other on their undersides, the upper pallet having at one end the corner blocks 3, 3 ', which are arranged directly at the corner, so that, assigned to each corner block, two edges of the cover plate 2 with two Align adjacent walls of the corner block or lie in one plane.

An dem gegenüberliegenden anderen Ende haben die Eckklötze 3, 3' zu der Querkante 19 der Deckplatte 2 einen Abstand X, der der Breite Y eines Klotzes entspricht. Die dortigen Klötze 3, 3' sind ebenfalls wie die anderen Klötze mit den Längskanten 20 und 21 fluchtend. Bei dieser Anordnung ergibt sich, daß bei einander zugekehrten Innenflächen die Paletten raumsparend ineinander gestapelt werden können, wie das in einer Schnittdarstellung in Fig. 10 dargestellt ist.At the opposite other end, the corner blocks 3, 3 'have a distance X from the transverse edge 19 of the cover plate 2 which corresponds to the width Y of a block. The blocks 3, 3 'there are also in alignment with the other blocks with the longitudinal edges 20 and 21. With this arrangement, it follows that the pallets can be stacked one inside the other in a space-saving manner, as is shown in a sectional view in FIG.

Das beschriebene Prinzip ist auch zu verwirklichen, sofern die Eckklötze nicht im Querschnitt quadratisch sind, sondern Rechtecke darstellen. Die in den Figuren 9 und 10 beschriebene Raumform und Anordnung ist jedoch besonders vorteilhaft. Sie ermöglicht auch das raumsparende Ineinanderstapeln, sofern die Eckklötze 3 und 3', wie Fig. 9 im rechten Teil darstellt, mit einer quer zur Längserstreckung der Palette verlaufenden Kufe 14 verbunden sind. Es sei bemerkt, daß dann auch die Eckklötze 3, 3' an dem anderen Ende mit einer Kufe 14 verbunden sind, obwohl dies in Fig. 9 nicht dargestellt ist.The principle described can also be implemented if the corner blocks are not square in cross-section but represent rectangles. The spatial shape and arrangement described in FIGS. 9 and 10 is, however, particularly advantageous. It also enables space-saving stacking, provided that the corner blocks 3 and 3 ', as shown in the right part in FIG. 9, are connected to a runner 14 running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the pallet. It should be noted that the corner blocks 3, 3 'are then connected at the other end to a runner 14, although this is not shown in FIG. 9.

Fig. 11 zeigt die Unterseite einer Deckplatte 2 mit der Maßgabe, daß bei quadratischem Querschnitt der aus Hartschaummaterial bestehenden Eckklötze 3, 3' die jeweils zugeordneten Kerne 17 aus dem Preßspanmaterial einen langgestreckten Rechteckkörper darstellen, wobei die Längsseiten 22, 22' parallel zu den Längskanten 20 bzw. 21 der Deckplatte 2 und in deren nahen Bereich verlaufen, so daß sie außermittig angeordnet sind. Diese außermittige Anordnung und Ausbildung als langgestreckter Körper ergibt zufolge der hohen Standfestigkeit auch die Gewähr, daß durch die Gabel eines Gabelstaplers keine nennenswerten Beschädigungen eines Eckklotzes stattfinden können.Fig. 11 shows the underside of a cover plate 2 with the proviso that in the case of a square cross-section of the corner blocks 3, 3 'made of rigid foam material, the respectively associated cores 17 made of the pressboard material form an elongated rectangular body, the longitudinal sides 22, 22' parallel to the longitudinal edges 20 and 21 of the cover plate 2 and run in the vicinity thereof, so that they are arranged off-center. This eccentric arrangement and design as an elongated body gives due to the high stability also the guarantee that no significant damage to a corner block can take place by the fork of a forklift.

Die Ausbildung derEckklötze aus Preßspanmaterial läßt zu, daß in Verbindung mit der Klebung, insbesondere vorteilhaft einem Heißschmelzkleber , Nägel oder dergleichen metallische Klammern Anwendung finden können, die die Aufgabe haben, zur Klebung bis zur Abbindung den notwendigen Anpreßdruck zu geben. Das gilt für die Verbindung des Eckklotzes mit der Deckplatte 2 über einen Nagel 23 oder zur Verbindung der Kufe 14 mit der Unterseite eines Eckklotzes über metallische Klammern 24, 24' oder für die Stützkräfte, die wie die Eckklötze ausgebildet sein können.The formation of the corner blocks from pressboard material allows that in connection with the adhesive, particularly advantageously a hot-melt adhesive, nails or the like, metal clips can be used, which have the task of providing the necessary contact pressure for the adhesive up to the setting. This applies to the connection of the corner block to the cover plate 2 via a nail 23 or to the connection of the runner 14 to the underside of a corner block via metallic brackets 24, 24 'or to the supporting forces which can be designed like the corner blocks.

Auch ist es möglich, bei den Klötzen die Schale aus dem Hartschaum mit dem Kern aus Preßspanmaterial durch Klebung, insbesondere dem vorgeschlagenen Heißschmelzkleber,zu verbinden.It is also possible to connect the shell of the rigid foam to the core of pressboard material by gluing, in particular the proposed hot-melt adhesive, in the blocks.

Die Verwendung des vorgeschlagenen Hot-Melt-Klebers ist deswegen sehr vorteilhaft, weil dieser optimal verarbeitbar und leicht auftragbar sowie schnell abbindend ist. Der Kleber hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß er sehr hohe Festigkeiten der Klebfuge erbringt, und zwar schon nach kurzer Abbindezeit. Eine damit gefertigte Palette kann schon nach kurzer Zeit belastet werden.The use of the proposed hot-melt adhesive is very advantageous because it can be processed optimally and is easy to apply and also sets quickly. The adhesive has the other one The advantage is that it provides very high bond strength, even after a short setting time. A pallet made with it can be loaded after a short time.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Palette ist folglich unkompliziert und kostengünstig, weswegen die Palette die an sie gestellten Anforderungen in optimaler Weise erfüllt.The production of the pallet according to the invention is consequently uncomplicated and inexpensive, which is why the pallet optimally fulfills the requirements placed on it.

Claims (19)

1. Flachpalette, umfassend eine von vier Eckklötzen und zumindest zusätzlich von einem, insbesondere von zwei bis fünf Stützklötzen gehaltene Deckplatte, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Eckklötze (3, 3') zumindest teilweise aus Preßspanmaterial und die Stützklötze (4) aus Hartschaummaterial bestehen.1. Flat pallet, comprising one of four corner blocks and at least additionally one, in particular two to five support blocks, cover plate, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 ') at least partially consist of pressboard material and the support blocks (4) made of rigid foam material. 2. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eckklötze (3, 3') aus einer Schale (16) aus Hartschaummaterial und einem inneren durchgehenden Kern (17) aus Preßspanmaterial bestehen.2. Flat pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 ') consist of a shell (16) made of rigid foam material and an inner continuous core (17) made of pressboard material. 3. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eckklötze (3, 3') aus einer Schale (16) aus Hartschaummaterial und einem inneren durchgehenden Kern (17) aus Preßspanmaterial bestehen.3. Flat pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 ') consist of a shell (16) made of rigid foam material and an inner continuous core (17) made of pressboard material. 4. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest die Eckklötze (3, 3') als gleich große Quader mit einem Längen/Breitenverhältnis von ca. 2 : 1 ausgebildet und mit ihren Längskanten (9) in Palettenlängsrichtung angeordnet sind.4. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least the corner blocks (3, 3 ') are formed as cuboids of the same size with a length / width ratio of about 2: 1 and with their longitudinal edges (9) in Pallet longitudinal direction are arranged. 5. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß sowohl die Eck-(3, 3') als auch die Stützklötze (4) mittels eines Klebers, vorzugsweise Hot-Melt-Klebers, mit der Eckplatte (2) mit ihrer jeweils größten Fläche ganzflächig verklebt sind.5. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that both the corner (3, 3 ') and the support blocks (4) by means of an adhesive, preferably hot-melt adhesive, with the corner plate (2nd ) are glued over their entire surface with their largest area. 6. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Eckklötze (3, 3'), in Palettenlängsrichtung (10) gesehen, an den aneinander gegenüberliegenden Stirnkanten (6) eine Abrundung (8) bzw. Abschrägung (7) aufweisen.6. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 '), seen in the longitudinal direction of the pallet (10), on the mutually opposite end edges (6) a rounding (8) or bevel ( 7) have. 7. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Eckklötze (3, 3') als gleichgroße Zylinder ausgebildet sind.7. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 ') are designed as cylinders of the same size. 8. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Deckplatte (2) eine Hartfaserplatte mit einer Dicke von 3,2 bis 6 mm, vorzugsweise von ca. 3,2 oder 5 mm ist.8. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover plate (2) is a hardboard with a thickness of 3.2 to 6 mm, preferably of about 3.2 or 5 mm. 9. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Deckplatte (2) eine Preßspanplatte mit einer Dicke von ca. 10 bis 16 mm ist.9. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover plate (2) is a particle board with a thickness of approximately 10 to 16 mm. 10. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß diese als Doppeldeck-Palette mit der Deckplatte (2) und einer Bodenplatte (11) ausgebildet ist.10. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is designed as a double-deck pallet with the cover plate (2) and a base plate (11). 11. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Eckklötze (3, 3') an ihrer Unterseite mit von Eckklotz (3) zu Eckklotz (3) sich erstreckenden Kufen (12) ausgestattet sind, die vorzugsweise aus Hartfaser- oder aus Preßspanmaterial bestehen.11. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the corner blocks (3, 3 ') are provided on their underside with runners (12) extending from corner block (3) to corner block (3), which preferably consist of hard fiber or pressboard material. 12. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß quer zu den Kufen (12) unterhalb derselben verlaufende Querkufen (14) angeordnet sind, die aus Preßspan- oder Hartfasermaterial bestehen.12. Flat pallet according to claim 11, characterized in that transverse to the runners (12) below the same transverse runners (14) are arranged, which consist of pressboard or hard fiber material. 13. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Bodenplatte (11) oder die Kufen (12) und die Querkufen (14) mit den Klötzen (3, 4) durch einen Kleber, vorzugsweise einen Hot-Melt-Kleber vollfächig verbunden sind.13. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the base plate (11) or the runners (12) and the transverse runners (14) with the blocks (3, 4) by an adhesive, preferably a hot Melt glue are fully connected. 14. Flachpalette nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß bei rechteckigem Querschnitt der Schale (16) aus Hartschaummaterial der innere durchgehende Kern aus Preßspanmaterial einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist.14. Flat pallet according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that with a rectangular cross section of the shell (16) made of rigid foam material, the inner continuous core made of pressboard material has a rectangular cross section. 15. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei quadratischem Querschnitt der Schale (16) aus Hartschaummaterial der Kern (17) aus Preßspanmaterial aus einem langgestreckten Rechteck besteht.15. Flat pallet according to claim 14, characterized in that with a square cross-section of the shell (16) made of rigid foam material, the core (17) consists of pressboard material from an elongated rectangle. 16. Flachpalette nach den Ansprüchen 14 und 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Kern (17) in der Schale (16) außermittig und nahe dem Rand der Deckplatte (2) angeordnet ist.16. Flat pallet according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the core (17) in the shell (16) is arranged off-center and near the edge of the cover plate (2). 17. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei langgestreckter Palette die Längsseite des Kerns parallel zur Längsseite der Palette verläuft.17. Flat pallet according to claim 16, characterized in that, when the pallet is elongated, the long side of the core runs parallel to the long side of the pallet. 18. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kufen (12) zusätzlich zur Leimverbindung mit dem Kern (17) mit diesem durch einen Nagel oder dergleichen metallischen Klammer verbunden sind.18. Flat pallet according to claim 11, characterized in that the runners (12) in addition to the glue connection to the core (17) are connected to this by a nail or the like metallic clip. 19. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 1 und einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß an dem einen Ende der Palette (1) die Eckklötze (3, 3') mit der Ecke fluchtend angeordnet sind, während an dem anderen Ende die Eckklätze (3, 3') zu einer Kante der Deckplatte einen Abstand haben, der der Längs bzw. Breitseite des Eckklotzes entspricht und somit zwei Paletten derart raumsparend stapelbar sind, daß bei einander zugekehrten Unterseiten die Klötze der einen Palette an der Unterseite der anderen Palette anliegen.19. Flat pallet according to claim 1 and one or more of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that at one end of the pallet (1) the corner blocks (3, 3 ') are arranged in alignment with the corner, while at the other end Corner blocks (3, 3 ') to an edge of the cover plate have a distance which corresponds to the long or wide side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in such a space-saving manner that with the undersides facing each other the blocks of one pallet on the underside of the other pallet issue.
EP84101143A 1983-02-12 1984-02-04 Pallet Withdrawn EP0116354A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19838303910 DE8303910U1 (en) 1983-02-12 1983-02-12 Flat pallet
DE8303910U 1983-02-12

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EP0116354A3 EP0116354A3 (en) 1985-10-09

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2570354A1 (en) * 1984-09-18 1986-03-21 Socar Support device with corner studs for container
EP1942061A1 (en) * 2007-01-02 2008-07-09 Sonoco Development, Inc. Co-extruded pallet block

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB832884A (en) * 1957-04-06 1960-04-21 Holzwerke Zapfendorf G M B H Spacing blocks for stacking platforms or pallets
FR1364793A (en) * 1963-05-17 1964-06-26 Fr Des Tuberies Sofratube Soc Handling pallet
DE1960867A1 (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-06-09 Andreas Zeyen One-way transport pallet
US3697029A (en) * 1970-12-23 1972-10-10 Owens Illinois Inc Supporting pad for a pallet
GB2013618A (en) * 1978-01-30 1979-08-15 Allibert Exploitation A handling palet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB832884A (en) * 1957-04-06 1960-04-21 Holzwerke Zapfendorf G M B H Spacing blocks for stacking platforms or pallets
FR1364793A (en) * 1963-05-17 1964-06-26 Fr Des Tuberies Sofratube Soc Handling pallet
DE1960867A1 (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-06-09 Andreas Zeyen One-way transport pallet
US3697029A (en) * 1970-12-23 1972-10-10 Owens Illinois Inc Supporting pad for a pallet
GB2013618A (en) * 1978-01-30 1979-08-15 Allibert Exploitation A handling palet

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2570354A1 (en) * 1984-09-18 1986-03-21 Socar Support device with corner studs for container
EP1942061A1 (en) * 2007-01-02 2008-07-09 Sonoco Development, Inc. Co-extruded pallet block

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Publication number Publication date
EP0116354A3 (en) 1985-10-09
DE8303910U1 (en) 1983-05-19

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