EP0116354A2 - Pallet - Google Patents
Pallet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0116354A2 EP0116354A2 EP84101143A EP84101143A EP0116354A2 EP 0116354 A2 EP0116354 A2 EP 0116354A2 EP 84101143 A EP84101143 A EP 84101143A EP 84101143 A EP84101143 A EP 84101143A EP 0116354 A2 EP0116354 A2 EP 0116354A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- corner
- blocks
- pallet according
- pallet
- flat pallet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/38—Details or accessories
- B65D19/40—Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
- B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
- B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
- B65D19/001—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
- B65D19/0012—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00029—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00039—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
- B65D2519/00064—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
- B65D2519/00074—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00099—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00104—Plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00109—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00114—Combination, e.g. different elements made of different materials, laminates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00318—Overall construction of the base surface made of one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
- B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
- B65D2519/00343—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface being substantially in the form of a panel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00378—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of two or more pieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
- B65D2519/00562—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00736—Details
- B65D2519/00776—Accessories for manipulating the pallet
- B65D2519/00796—Guiding means for fork-lift
Definitions
- the invention relates to a flat pallet, comprising a cover plate held by four corner blocks and at least additionally by one, in particular by two to five support blocks.
- a double-deck flat pallet in which the base and cover plate are held at a distance from one another by glued-on rigid foam blocks, and in which the base and cover plate are made of thin hardboard or chipboard with a thickness of 1.6 to 6 mm, preferably about 3.2 mm, exist (DE-PS 26 31 373).
- a double deck pallet designed in this way is excellently suitable as a disposable pallet due to its very low weight and low manufacturing costs.
- the rigid foam blocks can be damaged by the fork of the forklift.
- Forklifts often have driver the habit of moving pallets under load on the stacking surface by attaching the lifting fork to one or both of the corner blocks in order to adjust or move the pallet.
- Such practices when handling pallets can damage the hard foam blocks and cause the pallet to fail.
- At least partial damage to hard foam blocks can also occur if the fork of the forklift truck is not inserted exactly in the end position, but is placed at an angle to the pallet.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a pallet of the type described in the introduction in such a way that it withstands its extreme strength and load-bearing capacity with low weight and low production costs, even under extreme conditions of handling practice. In particular, damage to the supporting blocks in the corner areas is to be effectively prevented. They should also be stackable to save space.
- the corner blocks are at least partially made of chipboard material and the support blocks made of rigid foam material.
- a flat pallet designed in this way is only insignificantly more complex in terms of its weight and the material and manufacturing costs as a pallet in which all blocks are made of rigid foam material. It may be possible according to the invention to manufacture the corner blocks entirely from pressboard material or to provide the hard foam blocks with a continuous core of pressboard material. A block of such training can also be used as a support block.
- the pressboard material has the advantage that it is lighter than wood and that the production of a large number of blocks or cores of the same size does not require a greater amount of work than the production of corresponding rigid foam blocks.
- Another advantage for the production of a pallet with mixed blocks of hard foam and press chip blocks or hard foam press chip blocks results from the dimensional accuracy with which both types of blocks can be produced.
- pressboard material does not require drying and does not work, even if it gets temporarily wet due to weather conditions.
- pressboard material has the further advantage that it is not attacked by insects, such as wasps or termites, and therefore, in contrast to wood, does not require any special impregnation. Blocks of pressboard material can also be easily connected to the cover plate of the pallet.
- An embodiment of the invention provides, in particular for strength with relatively low weight, that at least the pressboard corner blocks are designed as cuboids of the same size with a length-width ratio of about 2: 1 and are arranged with their longitudinal edges in the longitudinal direction of the pallet.
- Both the corner and the support blocks are hot-melt glued to the top and possibly to a base plate with their largest surface over their entire area, so that no separate gluing of rigid foam material and pressboard material is required. To achieve the necessary and quick contact pressure, nailing is also carried out.
- pressboard material can be glued with the same adhesive as the hard foam material results in optimally inexpensive conditions for the production of the pallet.
- the use of hot-melt adhesive results in short setting times, so that intermediate storage before shipping can be omitted.
- a relief for problem-free retraction of the lifting fork is achieved with the design of the pallet according to the invention in that the corner blocks, seen in the longitudinal direction of the pallet, have a rounding or a bevel on the opposite end edges.
- the corner blocks are designed as cylinders of the same size.
- the cover plate is a hardboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 10 to 16 mm.
- the manufacturing technology by gluing has a particularly advantageous and inexpensive effect, since both a hardboard and a particle board, together with the blocks, form a structure of the highest possible strength and load-bearing capacity due to the full-surface adhesive layer.
- the pallet should be moved several times on the floor or on the stacking surface or moved on roller conveyors, this can be designed according to a further expedient proposal in such a way that at least the corner blocks on their undersides are equipped with runners extending from corner block to corner block are, which are preferably made of hard fiber or pressboard material. These too are bonded using a hot-melt adhesive in conjunction with nailing the runners to the press chip body of the block.
- An improvement in strength when arranging runners is achieved in that the runners are connected by transverse runners running transversely to their longitudinal direction on their lower edge, which also consist of pressboard or hard fiber, preferably with a thickness of 3.2 to 5 mm.
- the inner continuous core made of pressboard material has a rectangular, in particular elongated cross-section, and the core is advantageously arranged in the shell off-center and near the edge of the cover plate and, in the case of an elongated pallet, the long side of the core runs parallel to the long side of the pallet.
- the corner blocks are aligned with the corner, while at the other end the corner blocks are at a distance from one edge of the cover plate, which is the Corresponds to the long or broad side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in such a space-saving manner that when the underside faces one another, the blocks of one pallet rest on the underside of the other pallet.
- a pallet according to the invention comprises a cover plate 2 which, depending on the requirements for the load-bearing capacity, either a hardboard with a thickness of approx. 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of approx. Is 10 to 16 mm.
- the cover plate 2 is held in the embodiment shown, for example by four corner blocks 3, 3 'and five support blocks 4.
- the corner blocks 3 are preferably provided with a bevel 7 on their opposite end edges 6.
- the corner block 3 ' shows a slightly different design.
- This bevel 7 or rounding 8 have a very advantageous effect that the fork 5 of the forklift does not touch one of the corner blocks 3, 3 'when entering the pallet 1, even with a somewhat one-sided approach, and thus damages the pallet 1.
- the corner blocks 3, 3 'and the support blocks 4 are cuboid and have a length / width ratio of, for example, 2: 1. They are aligned with their longitudinal edges 9 parallel to the outer edge of the pallet and in the case of rectangular pallets in the longitudinal direction 10 of the pallet.
- the pallet 1 As the front view of the pallet 1 according to FIG. 2 shows, it comprises the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4 and the base plate 11.
- FIGS. 3a to 3e The basic arrangement of corner and support blocks is shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e.
- the pallet shown in plan view with the cover plate 2 removed has four corner blocks 3 and a centrally arranged, relatively elongated support block 4.
- the pallet 1 in FIG. 3 b has four corner blocks 3 and two support blocks 4.
- the pallet 1 in FIG. 3 c has four corner blocks 3 and three support blocks 4.
- the pallet 1 in FIG. 3d has four corner blocks 3 and four support blocks 4.
- the pallet 1 in Fig. 3e has four corner blocks 3 and five support blocks 4th
- the choice of the type of block in the mixed block according to the invention with hard fiber and corner blocks 3, 3 'and hard foam support blocks 4 depends, as already mentioned, on the requirements placed on the pallet 1.
- transverse skids 14 are arranged transversely to the pallet longitudinal direction.
- All connections between the cover plate 2, the corner blocks 3, 3 ', the support blocks 4, the base plate 11 and possibly the runners 12 and the transverse runners 14 are made by a commercially available adhesive in the form of full-surface adhesive layers.
- the pallet 1 very advantageously obtains a maximum of stability, rigidity and thus load-bearing capacity.
- the pallet 1 according to the invention meets the requirements for the harshest operating or transport conditions even with multiple handling, because one Damage to the functionally important corner blocks, as is no longer possible with pallets equipped exclusively with hard foam blocks.
- block material means that the pallet is insensitive to moisture, insect attack and other external influences.
- the blocks namely both the hard fiber corner blocks 3, 3 ', 3 "and the hard foam support blocks 4, can be produced in large quantities accurately and inexpensively and with the related material of the cover plate 2 or the base plate 11 or the runners 12 glue or cross skids 14 easily.
- FIG. 7 and 8 show a further advantageous embodiment of a corner block 3, 3 'according to the invention.
- This consists of an outer shell 16 made of hard foam material, preferably of the same material as the support blocks 4 of the pallet according to the invention.
- Inside the shell 16 there is a core 17 made of pressboard material.
- This core 17 is inserted in a through hole 18 of the shell 16 and is flush with its two end faces flush with the surfaces of the shell 16 which have the hole openings of the through hole 18, so that there is a quasi-continuous contact surface or standing surface of the corner block 3.
- the shell 16 can have any external shape as described above.
- the core 17 can be cylindrical or cuboid. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide several smaller cores instead of one large core.
- the corner block according to the invention is significantly lighter and thus a lighter pallet according to the invention overall.
- This corner block design can be used with any of the pallet shapes described above. Because of the greater shear strength of the corner block 3 according to the invention and the high compressive strength of the core 17, the corner block according to the invention can have smaller overall dimensions with improved strength in comparison to pure hard foam blocks.
- the corner block according to the invention preferably has a width of approximately 15 cm, a height of approximately 10 cm and a depth of approximately 10 mm.
- the cylindrical core 17 preferably has a diameter of 8 cm and its height corresponds to the height of the shell.
- Fig. 9 shows two pallets facing each other on their undersides, the upper pallet having at one end the corner blocks 3, 3 ', which are arranged directly at the corner, so that, assigned to each corner block, two edges of the cover plate 2 with two Align adjacent walls of the corner block or lie in one plane.
- the corner blocks 3, 3 ' have a distance X from the transverse edge 19 of the cover plate 2 which corresponds to the width Y of a block.
- the blocks 3, 3 ' there are also in alignment with the other blocks with the longitudinal edges 20 and 21.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 The principle described can also be implemented if the corner blocks are not square in cross-section but represent rectangles.
- the spatial shape and arrangement described in FIGS. 9 and 10 is, however, particularly advantageous. It also enables space-saving stacking, provided that the corner blocks 3 and 3 ', as shown in the right part in FIG. 9, are connected to a runner 14 running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the pallet. It should be noted that the corner blocks 3, 3 'are then connected at the other end to a runner 14, although this is not shown in FIG. 9.
- Fig. 11 shows the underside of a cover plate 2 with the proviso that in the case of a square cross-section of the corner blocks 3, 3 'made of rigid foam material, the respectively associated cores 17 made of the pressboard material form an elongated rectangular body, the longitudinal sides 22, 22' parallel to the longitudinal edges 20 and 21 of the cover plate 2 and run in the vicinity thereof, so that they are arranged off-center.
- This eccentric arrangement and design as an elongated body gives due to the high stability also the guarantee that no significant damage to a corner block can take place by the fork of a forklift.
- corner blocks from pressboard material allows that in connection with the adhesive, particularly advantageously a hot-melt adhesive, nails or the like, metal clips can be used, which have the task of providing the necessary contact pressure for the adhesive up to the setting.
- the use of the proposed hot-melt adhesive is very advantageous because it can be processed optimally and is easy to apply and also sets quickly.
- the adhesive has the other one
- the advantage is that it provides very high bond strength, even after a short setting time. A pallet made with it can be loaded after a short time.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachpalette, umfassend eine von vier Eckklötzen und zumindest zusätzlich von einem, insbesondere von zwei bis fünf Stützklötzen gehaltene Deckplatte.The invention relates to a flat pallet, comprising a cover plate held by four corner blocks and at least additionally by one, in particular by two to five support blocks.
Bekannt ist unter anderem eine Doppeldeck-Flachpalette, bei der die Boden- und Deckplatte durch angeklebte Hartschaumklötze im Abstand voneinander gehalten sind, und bei welcher die Boden- und Deckenplatte aus dünnen Hartfaser- oder Preßspanplatten mit einer Dicke von 1,6 bis 6 mm, vorzugsweise ca. 3,2 mm, bestehen (DE-PS 26 31 373).Known is, inter alia, a double-deck flat pallet, in which the base and cover plate are held at a distance from one another by glued-on rigid foam blocks, and in which the base and cover plate are made of thin hardboard or chipboard with a thickness of 1.6 to 6 mm, preferably about 3.2 mm, exist (DE-PS 26 31 373).
Eine derartig ausgestaltete Doppeldeck-Palette eignet sich auf Grund ihres sehr geringen Gewichtes und ihrer niedrigen Herstellungskosten ausgezeichnet als Einweg-Palette.A double deck pallet designed in this way is excellently suitable as a disposable pallet due to its very low weight and low manufacturing costs.
Bei dieser bekannten Palette können die Hartschaumklötze von der Gabel des Gabelstaplers beschädigt werden. Vielfach haben Gabelstaplerfahrer die Gewohnheit, Paletten unter Last auf der Stapelfläche zu verschieben, indem die Hubgabel an einem der Eckklötze oder an beiden angesetzt wird, um die Palette zurechtzurücken oder zu verschieben. Solche bei der Handhabung von Paletten angewandten Praktiken können zur Beschädigung bei den Hartschaumklötzen und zum Ausfall der Palette führen. Eine zumindest partielle Beschädigung von Hartschaumklötzen kann auch dann eintreten, wenn die Gabel des Hubstaplers nicht exakt in der stirnseitigen Position eingeführt, sondern schräg zur Palette angesetzt wird.In this known range, the rigid foam blocks can be damaged by the fork of the forklift. Forklifts often have driver the habit of moving pallets under load on the stacking surface by attaching the lifting fork to one or both of the corner blocks in order to adjust or move the pallet. Such practices when handling pallets can damage the hard foam blocks and cause the pallet to fail. At least partial damage to hard foam blocks can also occur if the fork of the forklift truck is not inserted exactly in the end position, but is placed at an angle to the pallet.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Palette der eingangs beschriebenen Art so zu verbessern, daß sie unter Beibehaltung ihrer hohen Festigkeit und Tragfähigkeit bei geringem Gewicht und niedrigen Herstellungskosten auch extremen Bedingungen der Umschlagpraxis widersteht. Insbesondere soll eine Beschädigung der tragenden Klötze in den Eckbereichen wirksam verhindert werden. Auch sollen sie raumsparend stapelbar sein.The invention is based on the object of improving a pallet of the type described in the introduction in such a way that it withstands its extreme strength and load-bearing capacity with low weight and low production costs, even under extreme conditions of handling practice. In particular, damage to the supporting blocks in the corner areas is to be effectively prevented. They should also be stackable to save space.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß bei einer Flachpalette der eingangs genannten Art die Verbesserung darin besteht, daß die Eckklötze zumindest teilweise aus Preßspanmaterial und die Stützklötze aus Hartschaummaterial bestehen.To solve this problem it is provided according to the invention that in a flat pallet of the type mentioned the improvement is that the corner blocks are at least partially made of chipboard material and the support blocks made of rigid foam material.
Eine derartig ausgestaltete Flachpalette ist hinsichtlich ihres Gewichtes sowie der Material- und Herstellungskosten nur unwesentlich aufwendiger als eine Palette, bei der sämtliche Klötze aus Hartschaummaterial bestehen. Hierbei kann es erfindungsgemäß möglich sein, die Eckklötze vollständig aus Preßspanmaterial zu fertigen oder aber die Hartschaumklötze mit einem durchgehenden Kern aus Preßspanmaterial zu versehen. Ein Klotz solcher Ausbildung kann auch als Stützklotz Anwendung finden.A flat pallet designed in this way is only insignificantly more complex in terms of its weight and the material and manufacturing costs as a pallet in which all blocks are made of rigid foam material. It may be possible according to the invention to manufacture the corner blocks entirely from pressboard material or to provide the hard foam blocks with a continuous core of pressboard material. A block of such training can also be used as a support block.
Das Preßspanmaterial hat den Vorteil, daß es leichter als Holz ist, und daß die Herstellung einer Vielzahl gleich großer Klötze bzw. Kerne keinen größeren Arbeitsaufwand erfordert als die Herstellung entsprechender Hartschaumklötze. Ein weiterer Vorteil für die Herstellung einer Palette mit Misch-Beklotzung von Hartschaum- und Preßspanklötzen bzw. Hartschaum-Preßspanklötzen ergibt sich aus der Maßgenauigkeit, mit der beide Arten von Klötzen herstellbar sind. Im Gegensatz zu Klötzen aus Holz benötigt Preßspanmaterial keine Trocknung und arbeitet nicht, auch wenn es durch Witterungseinflüsse vorübergehend naß wird. Bei Verwendung insbesondere in tropischen Gegenden hat Preßspanmaterial weiter den Vorteil, daß es von Insekten, wie Wespen oder Termiten, nicht angegriffen wird und daher im Gegensatz zu Holz keine besondere Imprägnierung benötigt. Auch lassen sich Klötze aus Preßspanmaterial leicht mit der Deckplatte der Palette verbinden.The pressboard material has the advantage that it is lighter than wood and that the production of a large number of blocks or cores of the same size does not require a greater amount of work than the production of corresponding rigid foam blocks. Another advantage for the production of a pallet with mixed blocks of hard foam and press chip blocks or hard foam press chip blocks results from the dimensional accuracy with which both types of blocks can be produced. In contrast to wooden blocks, pressboard material does not require drying and does not work, even if it gets temporarily wet due to weather conditions. When used in particular in tropical regions, pressboard material has the further advantage that it is not attacked by insects, such as wasps or termites, and therefore, in contrast to wood, does not require any special impregnation. Blocks of pressboard material can also be easily connected to the cover plate of the pallet.
Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht mit Vorteil, insbesondere für die Festigkeit bei relativ geringem Gewicht vor, daß zumindest die Preßspan-Eckklötze als gleich große Quader mit einem Längen-Breitenverhältnis von ca. 2 : 1 ausgebildet und mit ihren Längskanten in Palettenlängsrichtung angeordnet sind.An embodiment of the invention provides, in particular for strength with relatively low weight, that at least the pressboard corner blocks are designed as cuboids of the same size with a length-width ratio of about 2: 1 and are arranged with their longitudinal edges in the longitudinal direction of the pallet.
Sowohl die Eck- als auch die Stützklötze sind mittels Hot-Melt-Kleber mit der Deck- und ggf. mit einer Bodenplatte mit ihrer jeweils größten Fläche ganzflächig verklebt, so daß keine getrennte Verklebung von Hartschaummaterial und Preßspanmaterial erforderlich ist. Um den notwendigen und schnellen Anpreßdruck zu erreichen, erfolgt zusätzlich eine Nagelung.Both the corner and the support blocks are hot-melt glued to the top and possibly to a base plate with their largest surface over their entire area, so that no separate gluing of rigid foam material and pressboard material is required. To achieve the necessary and quick contact pressure, nailing is also carried out.
Dadurch, daß das Preßspanmaterial mit demselben Kleber wie das Hartschaummaterial verklebt werden kann, ergeben sich für die Herstellung der Palette optimal kostengünstige Voraussetzungen. Durch die Verwendung von Hot-Melt-Kleber ergeben sich kurze Abbindezeiten, so daß eine Zwischenlagerung vor dem Versand entfallen kann.The fact that the pressboard material can be glued with the same adhesive as the hard foam material results in optimally inexpensive conditions for the production of the pallet. The use of hot-melt adhesive results in short setting times, so that intermediate storage before shipping can be omitted.
Eine Erleichterung für ein problemloses Einfahren der Hubgabel wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der Palette dadurch erreicht, daß die Eckklötze, in Palettenlängsrichtung gesehen, an den aneinander gegenüberliegenden Stirnkanten eine Abrundung bzw. eine Abschrägung aufweisen.A relief for problem-free retraction of the lifting fork is achieved with the design of the pallet according to the invention in that the corner blocks, seen in the longitudinal direction of the pallet, have a rounding or a bevel on the opposite end edges.
Ebenfalls ein problemloses Einfahren der Hubgabel wird dadurch begünstigt, daß nach einem anderen Vorschlag die Eckklötze als gleich große Zylinder ausgebildet sind. Je nach Anforderung an die Belastbarkeit der Palette kann wahlweise vorgesehen sein, daß die Deckplatte eine Hartfaserplatte mit einer Dicke von vorzugsweise ca. 3,2 bis 5 mm oder eine Preßspanplatte mit einer Dicke von vorzugsweise ca. 10 bis 16 mm ist.Trouble-free retraction of the lifting fork is also favored in that, according to another proposal, the corner blocks are designed as cylinders of the same size. Depending on the requirements for the load capacity of the pallet, it can optionally be provided that the cover plate is a hardboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 3.2 to 5 mm or a pressboard with a thickness of preferably approximately 10 to 16 mm.
In beiden Fällen wirkt sich die Fertigungstechnik durch Kleben besonders vorteilhaft und kostengünstig aus, da sowohl eine Hartfaserplatte als auch eine Preßspanplatte durch die ganzflächige Klebschicht zusammen mit den Klötzen ein Gebilde von höchstmöglicher Festigkeit und Tragfähigkeit ergibt.In both cases, the manufacturing technology by gluing has a particularly advantageous and inexpensive effect, since both a hardboard and a particle board, together with the blocks, form a structure of the highest possible strength and load-bearing capacity due to the full-surface adhesive layer.
Dadurch wird im Falle einer Verwendung als Display-Palette auch die besonders kostengünstige Ausführung ermöglicht, daß die Palette mit einer Deckplatte ausgestattet, jedoch ohne Bodenplatte ist.In the case of use as a display pallet, this also enables the particularly cost-effective design that the pallet is equipped with a cover plate, but without a base plate.
Wenn vorauszusehen ist, daß die Palette mehrfach am Boden bzw. auf der Stapelfläche verschoben oder auf Rollenbahnen bewegt werden soll, kann diese nach einem weiteren zweckmäßigen Vorschlag so ausgestaltet sein, daß zumindest die Eckklötze an deren Unterseiten mit von Eckklotz zu Eckklotz sich erstreckenden Kufen ausgestattet sind, die vorzugsweise aus Hartfaser- oder aus Preßspanmaterial bestehen. Auch bei diesen erfolgt eine Verklebung durch einen Hot-Melt-Kleber in Verbindung mit einer Nagelung der Kufe mit dem Preßspankörper des Klotzes. Dabei wird eine Verbesserung der Festigkeit bei Anordnung von Kufen dadurch erzielt, daß die Kufen durch quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung an ihrer Unterkante verlaufende Querkufen verbunden sind, die ebenfalls aus Preßspan oder Hartfaser bestehen, mit vorzugsweise einer Dicke von 3,2 bis 5 mm.If it can be foreseen that the pallet should be moved several times on the floor or on the stacking surface or moved on roller conveyors, this can be designed according to a further expedient proposal in such a way that at least the corner blocks on their undersides are equipped with runners extending from corner block to corner block are, which are preferably made of hard fiber or pressboard material. These too are bonded using a hot-melt adhesive in conjunction with nailing the runners to the press chip body of the block. An improvement in strength when arranging runners is achieved in that the runners are connected by transverse runners running transversely to their longitudinal direction on their lower edge, which also consist of pressboard or hard fiber, preferably with a thickness of 3.2 to 5 mm.
In weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, daß bei rechteckigem, insbesondere quadratischem Querschnitt der Schale aus Hartschaummaterial der innere durchgehende Kern aus Preßspanmaterial einen rechteckigen, insbesondere langgestreckten Querschnitt aufweist und vorteilhaft der Kern in der Schale außermittig und nahe dem Rand der Deckplatte angeordnet ist und bei langgestreckter Palette die Längsseite des Kerns parallel zur Längsseite der Palette verläuft.In a further embodiment according to the invention, it is proposed that, in the case of a rectangular, in particular square, cross section of the shell made of rigid foam material, the inner continuous core made of pressboard material has a rectangular, in particular elongated cross-section, and the core is advantageously arranged in the shell off-center and near the edge of the cover plate and, in the case of an elongated pallet, the long side of the core runs parallel to the long side of the pallet.
Um eine raumsparende Stapelung der Paletten zu erreichen, wird in weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung vorgeschlagen, daß an dem einen Ende der Palette die Eckklötze mit der Ecke fluchtend angeordnet sind, während an dem anderen Ende die Eckklötze zu einer Kante der Deckplatte einen Abstand haben, der der Längs- bzw. Breitseite des Eckklotzes entspricht und somit zwei Paletten derart raumsparend stapelbar sind, daß bei einander zugekehrter Unterseite die Klötze der einen Palette an der Unterseite der anderen Palette anliegen.In order to achieve space-saving stacking of the pallets, it is proposed in a further embodiment according to the invention that at one end of the pallet the corner blocks are aligned with the corner, while at the other end the corner blocks are at a distance from one edge of the cover plate, which is the Corresponds to the long or broad side of the corner block and thus two pallets can be stacked in such a space-saving manner that when the underside faces one another, the blocks of one pallet rest on the underside of the other pallet.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von in verschiedenen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen mit ihren Vorteilen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with its advantages on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in different drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Palette,
- Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht der Palette gemäß Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3 a
- bis 3 e eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung von Eck-und Stützklötzen
- - mit vier Eckklötzen und einem Stützklotz (Fig.3a)
- - mit vier Eck- und zwei Stützklötzen (Fig.3b)
- - mit vier Eck- und drei Stützklötzen (Fig.3c)
- - mit vier Eck- und vier Stützklötzen (Fig.3d)
- - mit vier Eck- und fünf Stützklötzen (Fig.3e),
- Fig. 4 eine Anordnung von vier zylindrischen Eckklötzen und fünf Stützklötzen,
- Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf eine mit Kufen ausgestattete Palette gemäß der Erfindung,
- Fig. 6 eine Vorderansicht der Palette gemäß Fig. 5,
- Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines Eckklotzes,
- Fig. 8 eine Aufsicht auf einen Eckklotz gemäß Fig. 7,
- Fig. 9 in perspektivischer Darstellung zwei an ihren Unterseiten einander zugekehrte Paletten abgewandelter Ausbildung,
- Fig. 10 die ineinander gestapelten beiden Paletten nach Fig. 9,
- Fig. 11 eine weitere Palette in der Ansicht von unten.
- 1 is a plan view of a pallet according to the invention,
- 2 is a front view of the pallet of FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3 a
- to 3 e is a schematic representation of the arrangement of corner and support blocks
- - with four corner blocks and a support block (Fig.3a)
- - with four corner and two support blocks (Fig.3b)
- - with four corner and three support blocks (Fig.3c)
- - with four corner and four support blocks (Fig.3d)
- - with four corner and five support blocks (Fig.3e),
- 4 shows an arrangement of four cylindrical corner blocks and five support blocks,
- 5 is a plan view of a pallet equipped with runners according to the invention,
- 6 is a front view of the pallet of FIG. 5,
- 7 shows a section through an advantageous embodiment of a corner block,
- 8 is a plan view of a corner block according to FIG. 7,
- Fi g. 9 shows in perspective two pallets of modified design facing one another on their undersides,
- 10 shows the two pallets according to FIG. 9 stacked one inside the other, FIG.
- Fig. 11 shows another pallet in the view from below.
Eine Palette gemäß der Erfindung, siehe Fig. 1, umfaßt eine Deckplatte 2, die je nach Anforderungen an die Tragfähigkeit entweder eine Hartfaser - platte mit-einer Dicke von ca. 3,2 bis 5 mm oder eine Preßspanplatte mit einer Dicke von ca. 10 bis 16 mm ist. Die Deckplatte 2 ist in der gezeigten Ausführung beispielsweise von vier Eckklötzen 3, 3' sowie von fünf Stützklötzen 4 gehalten. Die vier Eckklötze 3, 3' bestehen aus Preßspanmaterial, während die Stützklötze 4 aus Hartschaum, beispielsweise aus Styropur-Hartschaum bestehen. Um ein problemloses Einfahren der Gabel 5 des Gabelstaplers zu erleichtern, sind die Eckklötze 3 an ihren einander gegenüberliegenden Stirnkanten 6 vorzugsweise mit einer Abschrägung 7 versehen. Eine etwas andere Ausführung zeigt der Eckklotz 3'. Dieser ist an seiner Stirnkante 6 mit einer Abrundung 8 versehen. Diese Abschrägung 7 bzw. Abrundung 8 bewirken sehr vorteilhaft, daß die Gabel 5 des Gabelstaplers beim Einfahren in die Palette 1 auch bei etwas einseitigem Ansatz nicht an einem der Eckklötze 3, 3' aneckt und damit die Palette 1 beschädigt. Die Eckklötze 3, 3' sowie die Stutzklotze 4 sind quaderförmig ausgebildet und weisen ein Längen/ Breitenverhältnis von beispielsweise 2 : 1 auf. Sie sind mit ihren Längskanten 9 parallel zur Palettenaußenkante ausgerichtet und bei rechteckigen Paletten in Palettenlängsrichtung 10.A pallet according to the invention, see FIG. 1, comprises a
Wie die Vorderansicht der Palette 1 gemäß Fig. 2 zeigt, umfaßt diese die Deckplatte 2, die Eckklötze 3, 3', die Stützklötze 4 sowie die Bodenplatte 11.As the front view of the
In den Figuren 3a bis 3e ist die grundsätzliche Anordnung von Eck-und Stützklötzen dargestellt.The basic arrangement of corner and support blocks is shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e.
Gemäß Fig. 3a besitzt die in Draufsicht mit abgenommener Deckplatte 2 gezeigte Palette vier Eckklötze 3 und einen zentral angeordneten, relativ langgestreckten Stützklotz 4.3a, the pallet shown in plan view with the
Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3b besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und zwei Stützklötze 4.The
Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3c besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und drei Stützklötze 4.The
Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3d besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und vier Stützklötze 4.The
Die Palette 1 in Fig. 3e besitzt vier Eckklötze 3 und fünf Stützklötze 4. Die Wahl der Beklotzungsart in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischbeklotzung mit Hartfaser- und Eckklötzen 3, 3' und Hartschaum-Stützklötzen 4 hängt, wie bereits erwähnt, von den an die Palette 1 gestellten Anforderungen ab.The
Fig. 4 zeigt abweichend von den vorgängigen Ausführungen eine Beklotzung, bei welcher die Ecklötze 3'' in Form von zylindrischen Körpern ausgestaltet sind.4 shows, deviating from the previous versions, a block in which the corner solder 3 '' is designed in the form of cylindrical bodies.
Die Palette 1 in Fig. 5 umfaßt abweichend von derjenigen nach Fig. 1 keine Bodenplatte 1, sondern drei in Palettenlängsrichtung 10 angeordnete Kufen 12. Mit diesen ist die Palette 1 sehr vorteilhaft in der Lage; auf dem Boden 13 bzw. einer Stapel- oder Abstellfläche verschoben zu werden. Zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit der Palette 1 sind quer zur Palettenlängsrichtung 10 Querkufen 14 angeordnet.5, in contrast to that of FIG. 1, does not include a
Alle Verbindungen zwischen der Deckplatte 2, den Eckklötzen 3, 3', den Stützklötzen 4, der Bodenplatte 11 und ggf. den Kufen 12 sowie den Querkufen 14 sind durch einen handelsüblichen Kleber in Form von ganzflächigen Klebschichten ausgeführt.All connections between the
Dadurch erhält die Palette 1 sehr vorteilhaft ein Höchstmaß an Stabilität, Steifigkeit und somit an Tragfähigkeit. Durch die Verwendung von Preßspanmaterial für die Eckklötze 3, 3', 3" wird die erfindungsgemäße Palette 1 den Anforderungen an rauheste Betriebs- bzw. Transportbedingungen auch mit vielfachem Umschlag gerecht, weil eine Beschädigung der funktionswichtigen Eckklötze, wie bei ausschließlich mit Hartschaum-Klötzen bestückten Paletten, nicht mehr möglich ist.As a result, the
Darüberhinaus ist die Palette durch die Wahl des Klotzmaterials unempfindlich gegen Feuchtigkeit sowie gegen Insektenbefall und andere äußere Einflüsse.In addition, the choice of block material means that the pallet is insensitive to moisture, insect attack and other external influences.
Die Klötze, und zwar sowohl die Hartfaser-Eckklötze 3, 3', 3" als auch die Hartschaum-Stützklötze 4 lassen sich maßgenau und kostengünstig in großen Stückzahlen herstellen und mit dem verwandten Material der Deckplatte 2 bzw. der Bodenplatte 11 oder der Kufen 12 bzw. Querkufen 14 problemlos verkleben.The blocks, namely both the hard fiber corner blocks 3, 3 ', 3 "and the hard foam support blocks 4, can be produced in large quantities accurately and inexpensively and with the related material of the
In Fig. 7 und 8 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes 3, 3' dargestellt. Dieser besteht aus einer äußeren Schale 16 aus Hartschaummaterial, vorzugsweise aus demselben Material wie die Stützklötze 4 der erfindungsgemäßen Palette. Im Innern der Schale 16 befindet sich ein Kern 17 aus Preßspanmaterial. Dieser Kern 17 ist in einem Durchgangsloch 18 der Schale 16 eingesetzt undschließt mit seinen beiden Stirnflächen bündig mit den die Loch- öffnungen des Durchgangsloches 18 aufweisen Flächen der Schale 16 ab, so daß sich eine quasi durchgehende Auflagefläche bzw. Standfläche des Eckklotzes 3 ergibt. Die Schale 16 kann jede im vorstehenden beschriebene äußere Form besitzen. Der Kern 17 kann zylindrisch oder quaderförmig ausgebildet sein. Ebenfalls liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, mehrere kleinere Kerne anstatt eines großen Kerns vorzusehen. Durch den bündigen endseitigen Abschluß zwischen Kern 17 und der diesen einschließenden Schale erfolgt eine vollflächige Verklebung zwischen der Deckplatte 2 und dem aus Schale und Kern bestehenden Eckklotz 3, so daß eine große Verbindungsfläche vorhanden ist, die einen festen Verbund und damit eine große Festigkeit gewährleistet, obwohl eine dünne Deckplatte, z. B. von 3,2 mm Dicke, verwendet wird. Eine derartig dünne Deckplatte kann nicht bei bekannten Paletten, bei denen die Klötze ausschließlich angenagelt werden, verwendet werden, weil das Deckplattenmaterial im Bereich der Nägel ausreißt. Dabei verhindert der Kern 17 ein Abscheeren des Eckklotzes 3 bei schräg zur Kernlängsachse auftretenden Beanspruchungen, was bei Eckklötzen, die ausschließlich aus Hartschaum bestehen, stets ein Problem darstellt. Im Vergleich zu Eckklötzen nur aus Preßspan ergibt sich bei vergleichbarer Bindungs- bzw. Auflagefläche ein wesentlich geringeres Gewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes und damit eine insgesamt leichtere erfindungsgemäße Palette. Diese Ausbildung des Eckklotzes kann bei jeder der im obigen beschriebenen Palettenformen eingesetzt werden. Auf Grund der größeren Scheerfestigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Eckklotzes 3 und der großen Druckfestigkeit des Kernes 17 kann im Vergleich zu reinen Hartschaumklötzen der erfindungsgemäße Eckklotz im ganzen geringere Abmessungen bei trotzdem verbesserter Festigkeit besitzen.7 and 8 show a further advantageous embodiment of a
Vorzugsweise besitzt der erfindungsgemäße Eckklotz eine Breite von ca. 15 cm, eine Höhe von ca. 10 cm und eine Tiefe von ca. 10 mm. Der zylindrische Kern 17 hat vorzugsweise einen Durchmesser von 8 cm und seine Höhe entspricht der Höhe der Schale.The corner block according to the invention preferably has a width of approximately 15 cm, a height of approximately 10 cm and a depth of approximately 10 mm. The
Fig. 9 zeigt zwei an ihren Unterseiten einander zugekehrte Paletten, wobei die obere Palette an dem einen Ende die Eckklötze 3, 3' hat, die unmittelbar an der Ecke angeordnet sind, so daß, jedem Eckklotz zugeordnet, zwei Kanten der Deckplatte 2 mit zwei einander angrenzenden Wandungen des Eckklotzes fluchten bzw. in einer Ebene liegen.Fig. 9 shows two pallets facing each other on their undersides, the upper pallet having at one end the corner blocks 3, 3 ', which are arranged directly at the corner, so that, assigned to each corner block, two edges of the
An dem gegenüberliegenden anderen Ende haben die Eckklötze 3, 3' zu der Querkante 19 der Deckplatte 2 einen Abstand X, der der Breite Y eines Klotzes entspricht. Die dortigen Klötze 3, 3' sind ebenfalls wie die anderen Klötze mit den Längskanten 20 und 21 fluchtend. Bei dieser Anordnung ergibt sich, daß bei einander zugekehrten Innenflächen die Paletten raumsparend ineinander gestapelt werden können, wie das in einer Schnittdarstellung in Fig. 10 dargestellt ist.At the opposite other end, the corner blocks 3, 3 'have a distance X from the
Das beschriebene Prinzip ist auch zu verwirklichen, sofern die Eckklötze nicht im Querschnitt quadratisch sind, sondern Rechtecke darstellen. Die in den Figuren 9 und 10 beschriebene Raumform und Anordnung ist jedoch besonders vorteilhaft. Sie ermöglicht auch das raumsparende Ineinanderstapeln, sofern die Eckklötze 3 und 3', wie Fig. 9 im rechten Teil darstellt, mit einer quer zur Längserstreckung der Palette verlaufenden Kufe 14 verbunden sind. Es sei bemerkt, daß dann auch die Eckklötze 3, 3' an dem anderen Ende mit einer Kufe 14 verbunden sind, obwohl dies in Fig. 9 nicht dargestellt ist.The principle described can also be implemented if the corner blocks are not square in cross-section but represent rectangles. The spatial shape and arrangement described in FIGS. 9 and 10 is, however, particularly advantageous. It also enables space-saving stacking, provided that the corner blocks 3 and 3 ', as shown in the right part in FIG. 9, are connected to a
Fig. 11 zeigt die Unterseite einer Deckplatte 2 mit der Maßgabe, daß bei quadratischem Querschnitt der aus Hartschaummaterial bestehenden Eckklötze 3, 3' die jeweils zugeordneten Kerne 17 aus dem Preßspanmaterial einen langgestreckten Rechteckkörper darstellen, wobei die Längsseiten 22, 22' parallel zu den Längskanten 20 bzw. 21 der Deckplatte 2 und in deren nahen Bereich verlaufen, so daß sie außermittig angeordnet sind. Diese außermittige Anordnung und Ausbildung als langgestreckter Körper ergibt zufolge der hohen Standfestigkeit auch die Gewähr, daß durch die Gabel eines Gabelstaplers keine nennenswerten Beschädigungen eines Eckklotzes stattfinden können.Fig. 11 shows the underside of a
Die Ausbildung derEckklötze aus Preßspanmaterial läßt zu, daß in Verbindung mit der Klebung, insbesondere vorteilhaft einem Heißschmelzkleber , Nägel oder dergleichen metallische Klammern Anwendung finden können, die die Aufgabe haben, zur Klebung bis zur Abbindung den notwendigen Anpreßdruck zu geben. Das gilt für die Verbindung des Eckklotzes mit der Deckplatte 2 über einen Nagel 23 oder zur Verbindung der Kufe 14 mit der Unterseite eines Eckklotzes über metallische Klammern 24, 24' oder für die Stützkräfte, die wie die Eckklötze ausgebildet sein können.The formation of the corner blocks from pressboard material allows that in connection with the adhesive, particularly advantageously a hot-melt adhesive, nails or the like, metal clips can be used, which have the task of providing the necessary contact pressure for the adhesive up to the setting. This applies to the connection of the corner block to the
Auch ist es möglich, bei den Klötzen die Schale aus dem Hartschaum mit dem Kern aus Preßspanmaterial durch Klebung, insbesondere dem vorgeschlagenen Heißschmelzkleber,zu verbinden.It is also possible to connect the shell of the rigid foam to the core of pressboard material by gluing, in particular the proposed hot-melt adhesive, in the blocks.
Die Verwendung des vorgeschlagenen Hot-Melt-Klebers ist deswegen sehr vorteilhaft, weil dieser optimal verarbeitbar und leicht auftragbar sowie schnell abbindend ist. Der Kleber hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß er sehr hohe Festigkeiten der Klebfuge erbringt, und zwar schon nach kurzer Abbindezeit. Eine damit gefertigte Palette kann schon nach kurzer Zeit belastet werden.The use of the proposed hot-melt adhesive is very advantageous because it can be processed optimally and is easy to apply and also sets quickly. The adhesive has the other one The advantage is that it provides very high bond strength, even after a short setting time. A pallet made with it can be loaded after a short time.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Palette ist folglich unkompliziert und kostengünstig, weswegen die Palette die an sie gestellten Anforderungen in optimaler Weise erfüllt.The production of the pallet according to the invention is consequently uncomplicated and inexpensive, which is why the pallet optimally fulfills the requirements placed on it.
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19838303910 DE8303910U1 (en) | 1983-02-12 | 1983-02-12 | Flat pallet |
DE8303910U | 1983-02-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0116354A2 true EP0116354A2 (en) | 1984-08-22 |
EP0116354A3 EP0116354A3 (en) | 1985-10-09 |
Family
ID=6749944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84101143A Withdrawn EP0116354A3 (en) | 1983-02-12 | 1984-02-04 | Pallet |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0116354A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE8303910U1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2570354A1 (en) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-03-21 | Socar | Support device with corner studs for container |
EP1942061A1 (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2008-07-09 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Co-extruded pallet block |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB832884A (en) * | 1957-04-06 | 1960-04-21 | Holzwerke Zapfendorf G M B H | Spacing blocks for stacking platforms or pallets |
FR1364793A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1964-06-26 | Fr Des Tuberies Sofratube Soc | Handling pallet |
DE1960867A1 (en) * | 1968-10-11 | 1971-06-09 | Andreas Zeyen | One-way transport pallet |
US3697029A (en) * | 1970-12-23 | 1972-10-10 | Owens Illinois Inc | Supporting pad for a pallet |
GB2013618A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-15 | Allibert Exploitation | A handling palet |
-
1983
- 1983-02-12 DE DE19838303910 patent/DE8303910U1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-02-04 EP EP84101143A patent/EP0116354A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB832884A (en) * | 1957-04-06 | 1960-04-21 | Holzwerke Zapfendorf G M B H | Spacing blocks for stacking platforms or pallets |
FR1364793A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1964-06-26 | Fr Des Tuberies Sofratube Soc | Handling pallet |
DE1960867A1 (en) * | 1968-10-11 | 1971-06-09 | Andreas Zeyen | One-way transport pallet |
US3697029A (en) * | 1970-12-23 | 1972-10-10 | Owens Illinois Inc | Supporting pad for a pallet |
GB2013618A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-15 | Allibert Exploitation | A handling palet |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2570354A1 (en) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-03-21 | Socar | Support device with corner studs for container |
EP1942061A1 (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2008-07-09 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Co-extruded pallet block |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0116354A3 (en) | 1985-10-09 |
DE8303910U1 (en) | 1983-05-19 |
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