EP0107002B1 - Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107002B1
EP0107002B1 EP83108956A EP83108956A EP0107002B1 EP 0107002 B1 EP0107002 B1 EP 0107002B1 EP 83108956 A EP83108956 A EP 83108956A EP 83108956 A EP83108956 A EP 83108956A EP 0107002 B1 EP0107002 B1 EP 0107002B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
means according
spreader
textile material
belt
process according
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP83108956A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0107002A2 (en
EP0107002A3 (en
Inventor
Lothar Bumüller
Alfred Engelmann
Franz Kille
Alfred Maier
Otto Scharf
Fritz Woerner
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Truetzschler Nonwovens GmbH
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Fleissner GmbH
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Priority to AT83108956T priority Critical patent/ATE38533T1/en
Publication of EP0107002A2 publication Critical patent/EP0107002A2/en
Publication of EP0107002A3 publication Critical patent/EP0107002A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/12—Controlling movement, tension or position of material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D06C7/02—Setting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for shrinking tubular material, such as knitted or knitted goods, in which the textile is subjected to a wet treatment, spread out in the wet state and then dried without tension, and to a device for carrying out this method.
  • a method of this type is known from DE-OS 1936 111.
  • the merely squeezed, tubular textile material is stretched by a maximum of 70% of its initial width and then mechanically compressed in the longitudinal direction in preparation for the shrinking treatment to be carried out on the downstream drum dryer.
  • the mechanical upsetting according to US-PS 34 52 409 is known as a upsetting device, the mechanical upsetting according to US-PS 34 52 409, with which the knitted fabric up to max. 30% can be pushed together.
  • Knitwear of all kinds has established itself due to its multiple positive wearing properties, such as flexibility, pliability, flexibility and adaptability.
  • these advantageous properties in use lead to problems in the knitting mill in the manufacture and subsequent finishing of the knitted fabric.
  • knitwear In contrast to woven goods, knitwear is easily deformable, therefore sensitive to warping and therefore unstable in its dimensions.
  • This disadvantage does not apply to knitted fabrics made of man-made fibers, the dimensions of which can ultimately be fixed by a hot air process.
  • This does not apply to knitwear made from natural fibers, which are largely used for knitwear in the textile industry because of their known advantageous properties, such as absorbency.
  • the aim of a successful treatment can therefore only be a throwing process, in which the natural stitch configuration is to be approximated, namely according to the will of the stitch itself.
  • continuous tumble dryers have been developed, which at least in part can only be successful where there is high shrinkage potential. It was found that with the aid of such dryers, only shrinkage results which can go up to 4% can be achieved.
  • the aim is to achieve a shrinkage value that is well over 10%, so that the investment of such dryers is not sensible, because more can be achieved in the finishing process through appropriate, gentle treatment.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus with which a tubular textile material made of natural fibers is supplied, which is optimally stabilized in size, yet has a voluminous handle and has a good surface quality and at the same time can be produced economically, with the result that with such a knitwear, even with repeated washing and tumble drying, a significant longitudinal shrinkage can no longer be determined.
  • the idea of the invention is that the textile material is overstretched by more than 130%, overfeed uniformly in length during stretching and immediately then completely dried in a relaxing manner with briefly changing movement under the influence of heat.
  • the textile material is stretched to 160 180% when it is spread out. It can be expedient if the tube is then returned to a width of 140% overextension on the stretching frame in order to be subsequently dried by shaking.
  • the shaking should take place in a continuous dryer without any load on the textile goods. This even goes so far that the hot treatment air required for the final drying should not be directed at the textile material and thus at the endless belt in order to prevent the resulting increased friction between the textile material and the conveyor belt.
  • the fabric should not be blown from below, as this blowing air will also have a partial stretching effect. Rather, it is advantageous to have the treatment air simply swept over the textile material in order to remove the moist air that has formed.
  • the tubular goods which are overfeeded by about 10%, are subjected to a strong shaking movement, which can have a frequency of 13 Hz, for example.
  • the heat treatment should last for 1.5 to 3 minutes at a temperature of preferably 130 to 150 ° C., so that 400 2400 shaking movements result in the course of the finished drying.
  • the resulting dimensions are finished. to fix a cooling device.
  • the textile goods are first pre-dried tension-free to about below 30% moisture and only then, as described, is treated.
  • An essential feature of the method according to the invention is the excessive stretching of the tubular goods previously not considered possible by means of a spreader known per se.
  • the spreader according to the invention is used for the constant conveyance of the textile material hose via the e.g. previously set width of the spreader on each of the spreader arms e.g. tooth-shaped drive provided. It is advantageous if the e.g.
  • round in cross-section conveyor belt is additionally provided on each of the width holding arms with outwardly directed, cam-shaped teeth and rotates together with a gear provided at the inlet of the spreader, the one on the outer circumference compared to that on a hub of the gear attacking conveyor belt has a greater peripheral speed, so that the tubular goods are placed on the cams of the conveyor belt with an approximately 1: 2 lead.
  • the drawing shows the plant for carrying out the method and two exemplary embodiments of the spreader. Based on the description, further inventive features of the method and the device according to the invention are to be explained.
  • the system for shrinking tubular material 1 which is arranged side by side in several lanes, consists of a drum dryer 2, an adjoining trough 3 and a multi-level belt dryer 4, the uppermost Bands 5, 6 which are fed by means of the spreader 7 shown in FIG. 3 hoses.
  • the screen drum dryer 2 has the known construction. It consists of four meandering sieve drums surrounded by the textile material 1, each of which is covered on the inside against the suction on the circumferential surface not covered by the textile material, and on one end face of which in a separate fan chamber is a fan 8 indicated in the figure with broken lines for generating a fan Vacuum is arranged within the screen drum. The treatment air is then blown up and down by the fan and fed back to the treatment room via the screen cover 9 and 10.
  • a walkway 11 is provided for the operator at an appropriate height.
  • the spreader 7 are arranged side by side in two levels, one for each hose. Since the hoses are over 100% stretched, it is expedient to arrange the spreader staggered to each other alternately in one or the other plane and to place them on the assigned, incoming endless belts 5, 6 of the vibrator 4.
  • a feed roller 5 ', 6' is arranged in front of, slightly above the belts 5, 6, in order to be able to place the hoses on the endless belts 5, 6 with little overfeeding of about 10%.
  • the tumbler is designed as a multi-level belt dryer and consists of a multiplicity of endless belts arranged parallel to one another, from the end of which the heat-treated hoses are each deposited on the oppositely rotating endless belt arranged underneath.
  • the two uppermost endless belts 5, 6 are aligned in order to have enough space in width for the overstretched hoses. After the initial Schrumof has taken place, only one endless belt is then sufficient to hold all the hoses running side by side.
  • Each of the endless belts is preferably provided with only one rotary racket 14, 14 ', which is arranged below the respective load strand 15 and, when rotating, exerts rhythmic beats with a belt deflection between 30-70 mm, preferably 50-60 mm, against the respective endless belt.
  • the rotary rackets can have any convenient type of construction. It is expedient to bring 15 rollers into contact with the endless belt, which rollers are designed either on the racket 14 itself or as parts 37 of a connecting rod 38 which is moved up and down by a rotating cam 14 '.
  • the band deflection can also be easily regulated here.
  • the respective endless belt should be designed as a low-mass rod mesh belt and at least be supported in an adjustable, resilient manner 16 at one deflection point according to FIG. 2, so that the tensions in the endless belt can be reduced due to the shaking movements.
  • the lowermost endless belt 12 carries the hoses outside the vibrator 4, on which they are cooled by means of inflated cooling air 13 or the like and then deposited.
  • the moist air generated during the final drying is removed by means of hot air blown in parallel over the endless belts, which is carried out in countercurrent as shown by the arrows.
  • the unsaturated dry air used during shaking should be fed to the drum dryer 2 as fresh air.
  • the spreader designated 7 in FIG. 1 is shown in detail. It consists of two width-holding arms 17, 18 which are curved inwards in the direction of the center of the hose. For this purpose, two arms 19, 20 directed away from each other at an obtuse angle are provided, which are provided with an additional, inwardly directed extension arm 21 at their inlet end. The hose to be stretched is moved in the direction of arrow 22 over the spreader.
  • a continuous conveying of the textile material by means of tooth-shaped drive means is provided.
  • a driven rotating gear 23 is initially provided, the teeth of which are provided with a flank of approximately 60 °.
  • the counter gear 24 runs at a distance without a drive.
  • it can also be driven to generate a variable advance of the textile material while the gear 23 rotates loosely.
  • 5 is provided with a hub 25 in the middle, the diameter of which is smaller than the outer circumference of the gear 23. Depending on the diameter of this hub 25, the advance can be fixed.
  • the conveyor belt 26 thus wraps around the gear 23, the drive wheel 27 bearing against support rollers 28, 29, finally the deflection wheel 30 provided at the widest point of the spreader and the deflection wheel 31 provided at the upper end of the width-holding arm. From there, the conveyor belt 26 runs to the gear 23 back.
  • the conveyor belt 26 is also provided with outwardly directed, knob-shaped teeth 32, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the conveyor belt 26 is round in cross section and carries these sawtooth-like knobs 32 on the side carrying the textile goods. In the conveying direction of the textile goods, they are first provided with a flat rising flank 33 and then with a steeply falling flank 34. At the angle between the steeper flank 34 and the shallower flank 33, the hose will be held in small folds in accordance with the advance set on the gear 23, 25.
  • the tooth-shaped depressions in the conveyor belt do not have to follow one after the other — as shown in FIG. 4 — they can also be introduced into the belt 26 at a slight distance.
  • the hose On the way from the inlet end of the spreader at the level of the gear 23 to the widest point on the deflection wheel 30, the hose is stretched evenly by 200 280%. He gets the increasing width from the length of the tube, which is available in view of the uniform formation of folds on the tooth flanks 34, 33.
  • the advance given at point 39 on the conveyor belt 26 should be set so that the given folds at the level of the deflection wheel 30 have just been completely consumed.
  • the two wide holding arms 17, 18 are held at a distance from one another by a connecting rod 35.
  • This rod is adjustable in length so that any desired overextension of the hose can be adjusted.
  • the connecting rod 35 is articulated on the wide holding arms 17, 18 in front of the widest point, namely in front of the deflection wheel 30, and is connected there in a rotationally fixed manner to the wide holding arms.
  • the angle 36 between the arm 20 and the connecting rod 35 is adjustable, so that the greatest width or the drainage width of the hose from the spreader 7 can also be adjusted by this adjustment.
  • the wide holding arm 19 can also be pivoted in relation to the arm 20.
  • Fig. 6 only one wide holding arm 17 is shown.
  • the construction is the same as that of FIG. 3.
  • Only the arm 20 is stretched away considerably longer from the drive roller 27 in order to be able to slowly bring about the great expansion of the hose.
  • further support rollers 40 are rotatably mounted on the arm 20, so that the belt 26 does not run in an arc to the support rollers 28, 29 due to the increasing transverse pull.
  • the return of the conveyor belt is effected differently, in that two loosely rotating deflection rollers 41 at the level of the support rollers 28, 29 ensure that the conveyor belt 26 is returned closer to the width holding arm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A continuous method for shrinkproofing tubular fabric, especially knitted and the like goods, is effected so that the fabric is spread when wet, then compressed lengthwise and then dried in a shrinkproof manner. This method provides for overstretching the fabric more than 130%, preferably even 160%, widthwise, overfeeding the fabric uniformly lengthwise while stretching and spreading the fabric, and immediately thereafter, in a relaxing fashion, drying the fabric continuously and in finished form with brief alternating movements under the influence of heat. During this heat treatment, the shrinkage potential produced is completely eliminated, with the meshes of the fabric moving into a stable position which no longer results in a change during domestic washing or tumble drying. It is important for the economics of the method for the fabric first to be pre-dried to about 20%, and then to be treated as described. The apparatus for working the method includes a spreader, which has a tooth-shaped drive unit for reliable conveyance of the fabric tube to each of two spreader arms.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Schrumpffreimachen von schlauchförmigem Textilgut, wie Wirk- oder Strickwaren, bei dem das Textilgut einer Naßbehandlung unterzogen, im nassen Zustand ausgebreitet und anschließend spannungsfrei getrocknet wird, und auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for shrinking tubular material, such as knitted or knitted goods, in which the textile is subjected to a wet treatment, spread out in the wet state and then dried without tension, and to a device for carrying out this method.

Ein Verfahren dieser Art ist aus der DE-OS 1936 111 bekannt. Dort wird das lediglich abgequetschte, schlauchförmige Textilgut um maximal 70% seiner Ausgangsbreite überreckt und dann zur Vorbereitung der auf dem nachgeordneten Siebtrommeltrockner zu erfolgenden Schrumpfbehandlung in Längsrichtung mechanisch gestaucht. Neben der in der. Offenlegungsschrift offenbarten Staucheinrichtung, die aus zwei gegeneinander umlaufenden, unter Saugzug stehenden, mit unterschiedlichen Drehgeschwindigkeiten angetriebenen Siebtrommeln besteht, ist als Staucheinrichtung weiterhin die mechanische Stauchung nach der US-PS 34 52 409 bekannt, mit der die Maschenware bis max. 30% zusammengeschoben werden kann.A method of this type is known from DE-OS 1936 111. There, the merely squeezed, tubular textile material is stretched by a maximum of 70% of its initial width and then mechanically compressed in the longitudinal direction in preparation for the shrinking treatment to be carried out on the downstream drum dryer. In addition to that in the. Disclosure published upsetting device, which consists of two rotating, suction, driven at different rotational speeds, is known as a upsetting device, the mechanical upsetting according to US-PS 34 52 409, with which the knitted fabric up to max. 30% can be pushed together.

Maschenwaren aller Art haben sich wegen ihrer vielfach positiven Trageigenschaften, wie Nachgiebigkeit, Schmiegsamkeit, Dehn- und Anpassungsfähigkeit durchgesetzt. Diese im Gebrauch vorteilhaften Eigenschaften führen jedoch in der Strickerei bei der Herstellung und bei der folgenden Veredlung der Maschenware zu Problemen. Maschenware ist, im Gegensatz zu den Webwaren, leicht verformbar, dadurch verzugsempfindlich und somit in ihren Dimensionen instabil. Dieser Nachteil gilt nicht bezüglich Maschenware aus Chemiefasern, deren Dimensionen letztlich durch einen Heißluftprozeß fixiert werden können. Dies geht nicht bei Maschenwaren aus Naturfasern, die ihrer bekannten vorteilhaften Eigenschaften wegen, wie Saugfähigkeit, in der Textilindustrie weitgehend für Maschenware eingesetzt werden.Knitwear of all kinds has established itself due to its multiple positive wearing properties, such as flexibility, pliability, flexibility and adaptability. However, these advantageous properties in use lead to problems in the knitting mill in the manufacture and subsequent finishing of the knitted fabric. In contrast to woven goods, knitwear is easily deformable, therefore sensitive to warping and therefore unstable in its dimensions. This disadvantage does not apply to knitted fabrics made of man-made fibers, the dimensions of which can ultimately be fixed by a hot air process. This does not apply to knitwear made from natural fibers, which are largely used for knitwear in the textile industry because of their known advantageous properties, such as absorbency.

Insbesondere bei Verwendung von Haushaltstumblern mußte festgestellt werden, daß gewirkte oder gestrickte Kleidungsstücke nach diesem Trockenvorgang erhebliche Veränderungen in ihren Abmaßen aufweisen. Dies ist nicht von Nachteil bezüglich der Breite der Kleidungsstücke, weil die Ware in dieser Richtung eine genügende Dehnfähigkeit hat. Nachteilig ist jedoch eine Dimensionsveränderung in der Längsrichtung, die bis zu 20% betragen kann. Der Grund für diese Dimensionsinstabilität sind die in der Maschenware bei der Herstellung erzeugten latenten Spannungen. Ein solches Schrumpfpotential entsteht in der Strickerei, insbesondere jedoch bei der Ausrüstung, wie z.B. beim Bleichen, beim Abquetschen, beim Trocknen.In particular when using household tumblers, it had to be found that knitted or knitted garments have considerable changes in their dimensions after this drying process. This is not a disadvantage in terms of the width of the garments, because the goods have sufficient elasticity in this direction. However, a disadvantage is a dimensional change in the longitudinal direction, which can be up to 20%. The reason for this dimensional instability is the latent tensions generated in the knitwear during manufacture. Such a shrinkage potential arises in the knitting mill, but especially in the equipment, e.g. bleaching, squeezing, drying.

Es sind vielfach Überlegungen angestellt worden, wie man eine Dimensionsstabilität von Maschenware aus natürlichen Fasern erzeugen kann. Die ganze Palette der Überlegungen ist insbesondere aus dem Aufsatz von Ulrich Koch in der Zeitschrift "Wirkerei- und Strickerei-Technik" Heft 6/1982, Seite 514 525, zu entnehmen. Bei all den zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen ist neben dem Effekt auch die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Prozesse zu beachten. Es entfallen insofern sämtliche diskontinuierlichen Behandlungsarten, wie z.B. die Trokkenrelaxation, wobei zum Schrumpfabbau das Textilgut über mehr als vier Wochen, ohne äußere Belastung, gelagert werden muß (Ulrich Koch a.a.O., S. 526,5.3.) Weiterhin ist außer Betracht zu lassen die häufig durchgeführte mechanische Warenlängsverkürzung durch zwangsweises Zusammenschieben der Maschen in Längsrichtung mittels gegeneinander wirksamer Schiebeeinrichtungen (US-PS 34 52 409). Hiermit kann zwar eine Verdichtung der Maschenstoffe bis zu maximal 30% erzielt werden, jedoch leidet durch dieses Behandlungsverfahren die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, das Warenvolumen und der Griff der Maschenware.There have been many considerations as to how dimensional stability of knitted fabrics can be produced from natural fibers. The entire range of considerations can be found in particular in the essay by Ulrich Koch in the magazine "Wirkerei- und Strickerei-Technik" issue 6/1982, page 514 525. In addition to the effect, the economic efficiency of the processes must also be taken into account in all of the measures to be taken. In this respect, all discontinuous types of treatment, e.g. the dry relaxation, whereby the shrinkage must be stored for more than four weeks without external stress (Ulrich Koch loc. cit., pp. 526, 5, 3). Furthermore, the frequently shortened length of the goods, which is often carried out, must be taken into account by forcing the stitches together Longitudinal direction by means of mutually effective sliding devices (US-PS 34 52 409). Although this enables the knitted fabrics to be compressed up to a maximum of 30%, the surface texture, the volume of the fabric and the feel of the knitted fabric suffer from this treatment process.

Ziel einer erfolgreichen Behandlung kann deshalb lediglich ein Werfahren sein, bei dem die natürliche Maschenkonfiguration angenähert entstehen soll, und zwar nach dem Willen der Masche selber. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, sind kontinuierliche Tumbeltrockner entwickelt worden, die zumindest teilweise aber nur dort erfolgreich sein können, wo hohe Schrumpfpotentiale vorhanden sind. Es wurde festgestellt, daß mit Hilfe solcher Trockner lediglich Schrumpfergebnisse erzielt werden können, die bis zu 4% gehen. Anzustreben ist jedoch ein Schrumpfwert, der weit über 10% liegt, so daß die Investition derartiger Trockner deshalb nicht sinnvoll ist, weil durch entsprechendes, warenschonendes Behandeln in der Veredlung mehr erreicht werden kann.The aim of a successful treatment can therefore only be a throwing process, in which the natural stitch configuration is to be approximated, namely according to the will of the stitch itself. In order to achieve this goal, continuous tumble dryers have been developed, which at least in part can only be successful where there is high shrinkage potential. It was found that with the aid of such dryers, only shrinkage results which can go up to 4% can be achieved. However, the aim is to achieve a shrinkage value that is well over 10%, so that the investment of such dryers is not sensible, because more can be achieved in the finishing process through appropriate, gentle treatment.

Aus Gründen der Wirtschaftlichkeit haben auch außer Betracht zu bleiben das diskontinuierliche Verfahren, nämlich die Verwendung von Naßlegemaschinen (DE-AS 10 47 398). Derartige Vorrichtungen sind zwar notwendig beim Vorbereiten eines mehrbahnigen Trockenprozesses im Anschluß an das für die Schrumpfbehandlung vorteilhafte Schleudern zum Entwässern des z.B. gewaschenen Textilgutes, wonach der im Strang aus der Schleuder gelieferte Schlauch auf weniger als 100% seiner Abmessung überdehnte Schlauch naß abgelegt und dann dem Siebtrommeltrockner vorgelegt wird. Bei kontinuierlich arbeitenden Anlagen paßt dieser Vorgang aber nicht in die Straße, wo die Schläuche direkt von der Ausrüstungsstraße kommend dem Trockner zugeführt werden. Es entfällt somit der Naßlegeprozeß, womit auf den ev.vorhandenden Vorteil, vorhandene Verzüge in der Schlauchware wieder auszugleichen, verzichtet werden muß(Ulrich Koch a.a.O., S. 523, 6.5).For reasons of economy, the discontinuous process, namely the use of wet laying machines (DE-AS 10 47 398) must also be disregarded. Such devices are indeed necessary when preparing a multi-lane drying process following the spin drying which is advantageous for the shrink treatment for dewatering the e.g. washed textile goods, after which the hose supplied in the strand from the centrifuge is laid down wet to less than 100% of its dimension and is then placed in the drum dryer. In the case of continuously operating systems, however, this process does not fit into the street, where the hoses are fed directly from the equipment line to the dryer. This eliminates the wet laying process, which means that the existing advantage of having to compensate for existing warpage in the tubular goods must be dispensed with (Ulrich Koch op. Cit., Pp. 523, 6.5).

Für die Wirtschaftlichkeit und auch für den erzielten Erfolg ist es letztlich nicht befriedigend, wenn wie vorgeschlagen (Ulrich Koch a.a.O., S. 524, 7.) die mit den vorgenannten Nachteilen behaftete Naßlegemaschine dennoch eingesetzt wird und das Textilgut nach dem bekannten Überdehnungsvorgang in einem Trockner nur bis auf 35% Restfeuchtigkeit hinuntergetrocknet wird, um anschließend einer Schrumpfmaschine zugeführt zu werden, in der die Resttrocknung erfolgt. Auf diesem Wege können, wie ausprobiert, Schrumpfwerte von 3% erzielt werden, was jedoch nur dann ausreichend ist, wenn aufgrund der vorgeordneten Herstellung und Veredlung der Schlauchware lediglich ein geringes Schrumpfpotential vorhanden ist. Dies ist jedoch mit Kontinue-Maschinen nach dem heutigen Stand der Technik nicht erzielbar.Ultimately, it is unsatisfactory for the economy and also for the success achieved if, as suggested (Ulrich Koch loc. Cit., Pp. 524, 7.), the wet-laying machine with the aforementioned disadvantages is nevertheless used and the textile goods are tumble dried in accordance with the known stretching process is only dried down to 35% residual moisture, after which a shrinking machine to be supplied in which the residual drying takes place. In this way, as tried, shrinkage values of 3% can be achieved, but this is only sufficient if there is only a small shrinkage potential due to the upstream production and refinement of the tubular goods. However, this cannot be achieved with state-of-the-art continuous machines.

Ausgehend von dem Verfahren anfangs genannter Art liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu entwickeln, mit dem bzw. der ein schlauchförmiges Textilgut aus Na turfasern geliefert wird, das optimal in der Dimension stabilisiert ist, das dennoch einen voluminösen Warengriff und eine gute Oberflächenbeschaffenheit hat und gleichzeitig wirtschaftlich hergestellt werden kann, mit dem Ergebnis, daß bei einer solchen Maschenware auch bei wiederholtem Waschen und wiederholtem Tumbeltrocknen ein nennenswerter Längsschrumpf nicht mehr festzustellen ist.Based on the method mentioned at the outset, the invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus with which a tubular textile material made of natural fibers is supplied, which is optimally stabilized in size, yet has a voluminous handle and has a good surface quality and at the same time can be produced economically, with the result that with such a knitwear, even with repeated washing and tumble drying, a significant longitudinal shrinkage can no longer be determined.

Ausgehend von dem Verfahren anfangs genannter Art besteht die Idee nach der Erfindung darin, daß das Textilgut über 130% überreckt, beim reckenden Ausbreiten gleichmäßig in der Länge überfüttert und unmittelbar anschließend relaxierend unter kurzzeitig wechselnder Bewegung unter Wärmeeinwirkung kontinuierlich fertig getrocknet wird.Based on the method mentioned at the beginning, the idea of the invention is that the textile material is overstretched by more than 130%, overfeed uniformly in length during stretching and immediately then completely dried in a relaxing manner with briefly changing movement under the influence of heat.

Beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Textilgut beim Ausbreiten auf 160 180% überreckt wird. Zweckmäßig kann es ein, wenn dann noch auf dem Reckrahmen der Schlauch auf eine Breite von 140% Überreckgrad zurückgeführt wird, um anschließend rüttelnd getrocknet zu werden. Das Rütteln sollte in einem kontinuierlichen Trockner ohne jegliche Belastung des Textilgutes erfolgen. Dies geht sogar so weit, daß die zum abschließenden Trocknen notwendige heiße Behandlungsluft nicht auf das Textilgut und damit auf das Endlosband gerichtet sein soll, um die dadurch entstehende erhöhte Reibung zwischen dem Textilgut und dem Förderband zu verhindern. Auch sollte das Textilgut nicht von unten beblasen werden, da auch diese Blasluft einen partiellen Streckeffekt bewirken wird. Vielmehr ist es vorteilhaft, die Behandlungsluft lediglich über das Textilgut streichen zu lassen, um die entstandene feuchte Luft abzutransportieren.In the method according to the invention, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the textile material is stretched to 160 180% when it is spread out. It can be expedient if the tube is then returned to a width of 140% overextension on the stretching frame in order to be subsequently dried by shaking. The shaking should take place in a continuous dryer without any load on the textile goods. This even goes so far that the hot treatment air required for the final drying should not be directed at the textile material and thus at the endless belt in order to prevent the resulting increased friction between the textile material and the conveyor belt. Also, the fabric should not be blown from below, as this blowing air will also have a partial stretching effect. Rather, it is advantageous to have the treatment air simply swept over the textile material in order to remove the moist air that has formed.

Während des Fertigtrocknens wird die um etwa 10% überfüttert aufgegebene Schlauchware einer starken Rüttelbewegung ausgesetzt, die, beispielsweise eine Frequenz von 13 Hz haben kann. Die Wärmebehandlung sollte 1,5 bis 3 Min. während einer Temperatur von vorzugsweise 130 bis 150°C anhalten, so daß sich im Laufe der Fertigtrocknung 400 2400 Rüttelbewegungen ergeben. Zum Abschluß sind die sich einstellenden Abmaße durch. eine Kühlvorrichtung zu fixieren.During the finished drying, the tubular goods, which are overfeeded by about 10%, are subjected to a strong shaking movement, which can have a frequency of 13 Hz, for example. The heat treatment should last for 1.5 to 3 minutes at a temperature of preferably 130 to 150 ° C., so that 400 2400 shaking movements result in the course of the finished drying. Finally, the resulting dimensions are finished. to fix a cooling device.

Besonders vorteilhaft beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung ist es, wenn das Textilgut zunächst spannungsfrei auf etwa unter 30% Feuchtigkeit vorgetrocknet und erst dann, wie beschrieben, behandelt wird.It is particularly advantageous in the method according to the invention if the textile goods are first pre-dried tension-free to about below 30% moisture and only then, as described, is treated.

Das Wortrocknen eines bahnförmigen Textilgutes auf unter 25% anschließenden Querspannen innerhalb eines Spannrahmensund Fixieren dieses Streckzustandes in einem nachgeordneten Siebtrommeitrockner ist durch die DE-OS 17 60 151 bekannt. Diese beiden Verfahren sind aber insofern nicht miteinander vergleichbar, weil dort ein durch das Breitstrecken erzielter Streckzustand beim Trocknen fixiert werden soll, während beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung das Gegenteil erzielt wird, nämlich der beim Ausbreiten hergestellte Breitenzustand des Schlauches im Trockner völlig wieder aufgehoben und die Schlauchware in der Länge schrumpfen soll.The word drying of a web-like textile material to less than 25% subsequent transverse clamping within a tenter and fixing this stretching state in a downstream drum dryer is known from DE-OS 17 60 151. However, these two methods are not comparable with one another because there a stretching state achieved by the spreading is to be fixed during drying, while the opposite is achieved in the method according to the invention, namely the width state of the tube produced during spreading in the dryer is completely eliminated and the Tubular goods should shrink in length.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung ist die bisher nicht für möglich gehaltene starke Überreckung der Schlauchware mittels eines an sich bekannten Breithalters. Um diese starke Überreckung aber bewirken zu können, ist bei den Breithaltern nach der Erfindung zur gleichbleibenden Förderung des Textilgutschlauches über die z.B. vorher eingestellte Breite des Breithalters an jedem der Breithaltearme ein z.B. zahnförmiger Antrieb vorgesehen. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der z.B. aus der DE-OS 28 29008 bekannte, im Querschnitt runde Förderriemen zusätzlich an jedem der Breithaltearme mit nach außen gerichteten, nockenförmigen Zähnen versehen ist und zusammen mit einem am Einlauf des Breithalters vorgesehenen Zahnrad umläuft, das am Außenumfang eine gegenüber dem an einer Nabe des Zahnrades angreifenden Förderriemen größere Umfangsgeschwindigkeit hat, so daß die Schlauchware auf die Nocken des Förderriemens mit einer etwa 1:2 betragenden Voreilung aufgegeben wird.An essential feature of the method according to the invention is the excessive stretching of the tubular goods previously not considered possible by means of a spreader known per se. However, in order to be able to bring about this excessive stretching, the spreader according to the invention is used for the constant conveyance of the textile material hose via the e.g. previously set width of the spreader on each of the spreader arms e.g. tooth-shaped drive provided. It is advantageous if the e.g. Known from DE-OS 28 29008, round in cross-section conveyor belt is additionally provided on each of the width holding arms with outwardly directed, cam-shaped teeth and rotates together with a gear provided at the inlet of the spreader, the one on the outer circumference compared to that on a hub of the gear attacking conveyor belt has a greater peripheral speed, so that the tubular goods are placed on the cams of the conveyor belt with an approximately 1: 2 lead.

In der Zeichnung ist die Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und zwei Ausführungsbeispiele des Breithalters dargestellt. Anhand der Beschreibung sollen noch weitere erfinderische Merkmale des Verfahrens und der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung erläutert werden.The drawing shows the plant for carrying out the method and two exemplary embodiments of the spreader. Based on the description, further inventive features of the method and the device according to the invention are to be explained.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1: im Längsshnitt eine Kontinue-Anlage zum Schrumpffreimachen von schlauchförmiger Wirkware mit einem Kontinue-Rüttler
  • Figur 2: in. vergrößerter Darstellung ein Detail des Rütteltrockners nach Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3: in vergrößerter Darstellung ein Breithalter in der Ansicht,
  • Figur 4: der Riemenförderer nach Fig. 3 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
  • Figur 5: der Zahnradförderer nach Fig. 3 im Querschnitt und
  • Figur 6: einer er Breithaltearme mit tei weise, anderer Kontstruktion.
Show it:
  • Figure 1: in longitudinal section a continuous system for shrinking tubular knitted fabric with a continuous vibrator
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of a detail of the vibrating dryer according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3: an enlarged view of a spreader,
  • FIG. 4: the belt conveyor according to FIG. 3 in an enlarged view,
  • Figure 5: the gear conveyor of Figure 3 in cross section and
  • Figure 6: one of the wide arms with partial, different construction.

Die Anlage zum Schrumpffreimachen von schlauchförmigem Textilgut 1, das in mehreren Bahnen nebeneinander angeordnet ist, besteht aus einem Siebtrommeltrockner 2, einer sich daran anschließenden Verweilmulde 3 und einem Etagenbandtrockner 4, deren obersten Bändern 5, 6 die mittels des aus Fig. 3 hervorgehenden Breithalters 7 ausgebreitete Schläuche zugeführt werden.The system for shrinking tubular material 1, which is arranged side by side in several lanes, consists of a drum dryer 2, an adjoining trough 3 and a multi-level belt dryer 4, the uppermost Bands 5, 6 which are fed by means of the spreader 7 shown in FIG. 3 hoses.

Der Siebtrommeltrockner 2 hat die bekannte Konstruktion. Er besteht, aus vier mäanderförmigen, vom Textilgut 1 umfahrenen Siebtrommeln, die jeweils an der vom Textilgut nicht bedeckten Umfangsfläche innen gegen den Saugzug abgedeckt sind und an deren einen Stirnseite in einem gesonderten Ventilatorraum ein in der Figur mit unterbrochenen Linien angedeuteter Ventilator 8 zur Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks innerhalb der Siebtrommel angeordnet ist. Die Behandlungs luft wird dann vom Ventilator nach oben und unten abgeblasen und über die Siebdecke 9 und 10 wieder dem Behandlungsraum zugeführt.The screen drum dryer 2 has the known construction. It consists of four meandering sieve drums surrounded by the textile material 1, each of which is covered on the inside against the suction on the circumferential surface not covered by the textile material, and on one end face of which in a separate fan chamber is a fan 8 indicated in the figure with broken lines for generating a fan Vacuum is arranged within the screen drum. The treatment air is then blown up and down by the fan and fed back to the treatment room via the screen cover 9 and 10.

Aus diesem Trockner 2 gelangen die nebeneinander durch den Trockner bewegten Schläuche, auf etwa 20% hinuntergetrocknet, in die Speichermulde 3, von wo sie mittels der angetriebenen Breithalter 7 abgezogen werden. Zur Beobachtung der Arbeit an den Breithaltern ist in angemessener Höhe ein Laufgang 11 für die Bedienungsperson vorgesehen. Von den Breithaltern 7 sind in zwei Ebenen mehrere nebeneinander angeordnet, für jeden Schlauch einen. Da die Schläuche über 100% überreckt werden, ist es zweckmäßig, die Breithalter auf Lücke versetzt zueinander jeweils wechselnd in der einen oder anderen Ebene anzuordnen und auf die zugeordneten, einlaufenden Endlosbänder 5, 6 des Rüttlers 4 zu legen. Vor, leicht oberhalb der Bänder 5, 6 ist jeweils eine Zuführrolle 5', 6' angeordnet, um die Schläuche mit geringer Überfütterung von etwa 10% auf die Endlosbänder 5, 6 legen zu können.From this dryer 2, the hoses moved side by side through the dryer, dried down to about 20%, reach the storage trough 3, from where they are drawn off by means of the driven spreader 7. To observe the work on the spreader bars, a walkway 11 is provided for the operator at an appropriate height. Several of the spreader 7 are arranged side by side in two levels, one for each hose. Since the hoses are over 100% stretched, it is expedient to arrange the spreader staggered to each other alternately in one or the other plane and to place them on the assigned, incoming endless belts 5, 6 of the vibrator 4. A feed roller 5 ', 6' is arranged in front of, slightly above the belts 5, 6, in order to be able to place the hoses on the endless belts 5, 6 with little overfeeding of about 10%.

Der Tumbler ist als Mehretagen-Bandtrockner ausgebildet und besteht aus einer Vielzahl von parallel zueinander angeordneten Endlosbändern, von deren Ende jeweils die wärmebehandelten Schläuche auf das entgegengesetzt umlaufende, darunter angeordnete Endlosband abgelegt werden. Die beiden obersten Endlosbänder 5, 6 sind gleichgerichtet, um in der Breite genügend platz für die überreckten Schläuche zu haben. Nach erfolgtem anfänglichen Schrumof genügt dann nur ein Endlosband zur Aufnahme aller nebeneinander laufenden Schläuche. Jedes der Endlosbänder ist vorzugsweise mit nur einem Rotationsschläger 14,14' versehen, der unterhalb des jweiligen Lasttrums 15 angeordnet ist und bei Rotation rhythmische Schläge mit einem Bandausschlag zwischen 30 - 70 mm, vorzugsweise 50 - 60 mm, gegen das jeweilige Endlosband ausübt. Die Rotationsschläger können jede günstige Art der Konstruktion haben. Zweckmäßig ist es, am Endlosband 15 Rollen zur Anlage, zu bringen, die entweder an dem Schläger 14 selber oder als Teile.37 eines Pleuels 38 ausgebildet sind, der von einer rotierenden Nocke 14' aufund abbewegt wird. Hier ist dann auch der Bandausschlag leicht regelbar.The tumbler is designed as a multi-level belt dryer and consists of a multiplicity of endless belts arranged parallel to one another, from the end of which the heat-treated hoses are each deposited on the oppositely rotating endless belt arranged underneath. The two uppermost endless belts 5, 6 are aligned in order to have enough space in width for the overstretched hoses. After the initial Schrumof has taken place, only one endless belt is then sufficient to hold all the hoses running side by side. Each of the endless belts is preferably provided with only one rotary racket 14, 14 ', which is arranged below the respective load strand 15 and, when rotating, exerts rhythmic beats with a belt deflection between 30-70 mm, preferably 50-60 mm, against the respective endless belt. The rotary rackets can have any convenient type of construction. It is expedient to bring 15 rollers into contact with the endless belt, which rollers are designed either on the racket 14 itself or as parts 37 of a connecting rod 38 which is moved up and down by a rotating cam 14 '. The band deflection can also be easily regulated here.

Das jeweilige Endlosband sollte als massearmes Stabgeflechtsband ausgebildet und zumindest an der einen Umlenkstelle gemäß Fig. 2 einstellbar federnd 16 abgestützt sein, damit die Spannungen im Endlosband aufgrund der Rüttelbewegungen abgebaut werden können. Das unterste Endlosband 12 trägt die Schläuche außerhalb des Rüttlers 4, auf dem sie mittels aufgeblasener Kühlluft 13 od. dgl. gekühlt und dann abgelegt werden. Das Entfernen der beim abschliessenden Trocknen entstehenden Feuchtluft erfolgt mittels parallel über die Endlosbänder geblasener Heißluft, was entsprechend der eingezeichneten Pfeile im Gegenstrom durchgeführt wird. Zur Aufheizung der Trockenluft auf 100 - 150°C, vorzugsweise 130 bis 150°C, sind Heizaggregate vorgesehen, die in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt sind. Die beim Rütteln gebrauchte, ungesättigte Trockenluft sollte dem Siebtrommeltrockner 2 als Frischluft zugefuhrt werden.The respective endless belt should be designed as a low-mass rod mesh belt and at least be supported in an adjustable, resilient manner 16 at one deflection point according to FIG. 2, so that the tensions in the endless belt can be reduced due to the shaking movements. The lowermost endless belt 12 carries the hoses outside the vibrator 4, on which they are cooled by means of inflated cooling air 13 or the like and then deposited. The moist air generated during the final drying is removed by means of hot air blown in parallel over the endless belts, which is carried out in countercurrent as shown by the arrows. To heat the dry air to 100-150 ° C, preferably 130-150 ° C, heating units are provided, which are not shown in the drawing. The unsaturated dry air used during shaking should be fed to the drum dryer 2 as fresh air.

In den Fig. 3 und 6 ist im einzelnen der in Fig. 1 mit 7 bezeichnete Breithalter dargestellt. Er besteht aus zwei Breithaltearmen 17, 18, die in Richtung zur Schlauchmitte einwärts gebogen ausgebildet sind. Dazu sind jeweils zwei stumpfwinklig voneinander weg gerichtete Arme 19, 20 vorgesehen, die an ihrem Einlaufende mit einem zusätzlichen, einwärts gerichteten Verlängerungsarm 21 versehen sind. Der zu überreckende Schlauch wird in Richtung des Pfeiles 22 über den Breithalter gefahren.3 and 6, the spreader designated 7 in FIG. 1 is shown in detail. It consists of two width-holding arms 17, 18 which are curved inwards in the direction of the center of the hose. For this purpose, two arms 19, 20 directed away from each other at an obtuse angle are provided, which are provided with an additional, inwardly directed extension arm 21 at their inlet end. The hose to be stretched is moved in the direction of arrow 22 over the spreader.

Um die große Streckung bewirken zu können, ist eine kontinuierliche Förderung des Textilgutes mittels zahnförmiger Antriebsmittel vorgesehen. Dazu ist anfangs ein angetrieben umlaufendes Zahnrad 23 vorgesehen, dessen Zähne mit einer Flanke von etwa 60° versehen sind. Das Gegenzahnrad 24 läuft mit Abstand antriebslos mit um. Es kann jedoch zur Erzeugung einer variablen Voreilung des Textilgutes auch angetrieben sein, während das Zahnrad 23 lose umläuft. Zum Antrieb des Zahnrades 23 ist dieses gemäß Fig. 5 in der Mitte mit einer Nabe 25 versehen, dessen Durchmesser kleiner ausgebildet ist als der Außenumfang des Zahnrades 23. Je nach Durchmesser dieser Nabe 25 kann die Voreilung fest eingestellt werden. An dieser Nabe 25 greift ein endlos umlaufender Förderriemen 26, der von außen mit Hilfe der Antriebsrolle 27 angetrieben ist. Der Förderriemen 26 umschlingt also das Zahnrad 23, das gegen Stützrollen 28, 29 anliegende Antriebsrad 27, schließlich das an der breitesten Stelle des Breithalters vorgesehene Umlenkrad 30 und das am oberen Ende des Breithaltearmes vorgesehene Umlenkrad 31. Von dort läuft der Förderriemen 26 zum Zahnrad 23 zurück.In order to be able to achieve the large elongation, a continuous conveying of the textile material by means of tooth-shaped drive means is provided. For this purpose, a driven rotating gear 23 is initially provided, the teeth of which are provided with a flank of approximately 60 °. The counter gear 24 runs at a distance without a drive. However, it can also be driven to generate a variable advance of the textile material while the gear 23 rotates loosely. 5 is provided with a hub 25 in the middle, the diameter of which is smaller than the outer circumference of the gear 23. Depending on the diameter of this hub 25, the advance can be fixed. An endless revolving conveyor belt 26, which is driven from the outside by means of the drive roller 27, engages on this hub 25. The conveyor belt 26 thus wraps around the gear 23, the drive wheel 27 bearing against support rollers 28, 29, finally the deflection wheel 30 provided at the widest point of the spreader and the deflection wheel 31 provided at the upper end of the width-holding arm. From there, the conveyor belt 26 runs to the gear 23 back.

Neben dem zahnförmigem Antriebsmittel gemäß den Zahnrädern 23, 24 ist auch der Förderriemen 26 mit nach außen gerichteten, noppenförmigen Zähnen 32, gemäß Fig. 4, versehen. Der Förderriemen 26 ist rund im Querschnitt und trägt an der das Textilgut tragenden Seite diese sägezahnartigen Noppen 32. Sie sind in Förderrichtung des Textilgutes zunächst mit einer flach ansteigenden Flanke 33 und dann mit einer steil abfallenden Flanke 34 versehen. Im Winkel zwischen der steileren Flanke 34 und der flacheren Flanke 33 wird der Schlauch in kleinen Falten entsprechend der am Zahnrad 23, 25 eingestellten Voreilung gehalten sein. Die zahnförmigen Vertiefungen im Förderriemen brauchen nicht - wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt - unmittelbar hintereinander zu folgen, sie können auch mit leichtem Abstand im Riemen 26 eingebracht sein. Auf dem Wege vom Einlaufende des Breithalters in Höhe des Zahnrades 23 bis zur breitesten Stelle am Umlenkrad 30 wird der Schlauch gleichmäßig zunehmend um 200 280% gereckt. Die zunehmende Breite holt er sich dabei aus der Länge des Schlauches, die in Anbetracht der gleichmäßigen Faltenbildung an den Zahnflanken 34, 33 zur Verfügung steht. Die an der Stelle 39 auf dem Förderriemen 26 aufgegebene Voreilung sollte so eingestellt sein, daß die aufgegebenen Falten in Höhe des Umlenkrades 30 gerade voll aufgezehrt sind.In addition to the tooth-shaped drive means according to the gears 23, 24, the conveyor belt 26 is also provided with outwardly directed, knob-shaped teeth 32, as shown in FIG. 4. The conveyor belt 26 is round in cross section and carries these sawtooth-like knobs 32 on the side carrying the textile goods. In the conveying direction of the textile goods, they are first provided with a flat rising flank 33 and then with a steeply falling flank 34. At the angle between the steeper flank 34 and the shallower flank 33, the hose will be held in small folds in accordance with the advance set on the gear 23, 25. The tooth-shaped depressions in the conveyor belt do not have to follow one after the other — as shown in FIG. 4 — they can also be introduced into the belt 26 at a slight distance. On the way from the inlet end of the spreader at the level of the gear 23 to the widest point on the deflection wheel 30, the hose is stretched evenly by 200 280%. He gets the increasing width from the length of the tube, which is available in view of the uniform formation of folds on the tooth flanks 34, 33. The advance given at point 39 on the conveyor belt 26 should be set so that the given folds at the level of the deflection wheel 30 have just been completely consumed.

Die beiden Breithaltearme 17, 18 sind mit Abstand voneinander durch eine Verbindungsstange 35 gehalten. Diese Stange ist in der Länge einstellbar, so daß jede gewünschte Überdehnung des Schlauches justiert werden kann. Die Verbindungsstange 35 ist an den Breithaltearmen 17, 18 vor der breitesten Stelle, nämlich vor dem Umlenkrad 30, angelenkt und dort drehfest mit den Breithaltearmen verbunden. Der Winkel 36 zwischen dem Arm 20 und der Verbindungsstange 35 ist einstellbar, so daß auch durch diese Justierung die größte Breite bzw. die Ablaufbreite des Schlauches vom Breithalter 7 eingestellt werden kann. Es kann dazu auch der Breithaltearm 19 gegenüber dem Arm 20 verschwenkbar angelenkt sein.The two wide holding arms 17, 18 are held at a distance from one another by a connecting rod 35. This rod is adjustable in length so that any desired overextension of the hose can be adjusted. The connecting rod 35 is articulated on the wide holding arms 17, 18 in front of the widest point, namely in front of the deflection wheel 30, and is connected there in a rotationally fixed manner to the wide holding arms. The angle 36 between the arm 20 and the connecting rod 35 is adjustable, so that the greatest width or the drainage width of the hose from the spreader 7 can also be adjusted by this adjustment. For this purpose, the wide holding arm 19 can also be pivoted in relation to the arm 20.

In Fig. 6 ist nur der eine Breithaltearm 17 dargestellt. Die Konstruktion gleicht der nach Fig. 3. Es ist nur der Arm 20 von der Antriebsrolle 27 weg erheblich länger gestreckt, um die große Dehnung des Schlauches langsam bewirken zu können. Zur exakten Führung des Förderriemens 26 sind noch weitere Unterstützungsrollen 40 am Arm 20 drehbar gelagert, damit der Riemen 26 nicht aufgrund des steigenden Querzuges bogenförmig zu den Stützrollen 28, 29 läuft. Auch ist hier der Rücklauf des Förderriemens anders bewirkt, indem in Höhe der Stützrollen 28, 29 zwei lose umlaufende Umlenkrollen 41 für die enger am Breithaltearm erfolgende Rückführung des Förderriemens 26 sorgen.In Fig. 6 only one wide holding arm 17 is shown. The construction is the same as that of FIG. 3. Only the arm 20 is stretched away considerably longer from the drive roller 27 in order to be able to slowly bring about the great expansion of the hose. For exact guidance of the conveyor belt 26, further support rollers 40 are rotatably mounted on the arm 20, so that the belt 26 does not run in an arc to the support rollers 28, 29 due to the increasing transverse pull. Here, too, the return of the conveyor belt is effected differently, in that two loosely rotating deflection rollers 41 at the level of the support rollers 28, 29 ensure that the conveyor belt 26 is returned closer to the width holding arm.

Claims (47)

1. A process for the smoothing of hosiery material, such as woven or knitted goods, in which the textile material is subjected to wet processing, spread out in the wet state and then dried without tension, characterised in that the textile material is stretched by more than 130% relative to the width of the finished material, overfed longitudinally uniformly during the stretching spreading out process and then immediately is continuously completely dried in its relaxed state upon the application of heat with short alternate movements.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the textile material is stretched laterally by more than 130%.
3. A process according to claim 2, characterised in that the textile material is stretched by between 160 and 180%.
4. A process according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the textile material is stretched laterally up to 2.6 to 2.8times and then given a final stretch of some 140%.
5. A process according to claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the over feed amounts to more than 70%, and preferably 100%.
6. A process according to claims 1 - 5, characterised in that the movement during the final drying is in the form of completely unhindered tossing or bouncing.
7. A process according to claim 6, characterised in that the tossing movement has a frequency of some 13 Hz and an amplitude of some 30 - 70 mm.
8. A process according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the duration of the heat treatment is some 1.5 to 3 minutes, depending on the weight of the material.
9. A process according to claims 6 - 8, characterised in that the heat treatment is applied at a temperature of 100 160°c, preferably 130 150°C.
10. A process according to claim 9, characterised in that the drying air only serves to carry away the moisture and flows parallel to the tossing textile material.
11. A process according to claim 10, characterised in that the drying air passes over the tossing textile material several times on both sides.
12. A process according to claim 9, characterised in that the drying air flows transversely through the material at the beginning and/or end of each tossing movement.
13. A process, in particular according to one of claims 1 - 12, characterised in that the textile material is first preliminarily dried without tension to a moisture content of less than 30% in relation to the weight of the material, then stretched and finally dried completely in a relaxed condition.
14. A process according to claim 13, characterised in that the textile materialis preliminarily dried to 15 - 25%, preferably 20%.
15. A process according to claim 14, characterised in that the preliminary drying ofthe hosiery textile material, as is known, is performed with the textile material lying on a permeable support without any tension with air being drawn from the outside towards the inside.
16. A process according to claims 1 15, characterised in that the finished dried material is cooled before being drawn off.
17. A process according to claims 1 - 16, characterised in that this treatment is performed simultaneously on a plurality of tracks arranged alongside one another.
18. Means for performing the process according to one or more of claims 1 - 17 with a spreader designed for hosiery material, in front of which is mounted a drier, characterised in that the spreader (7) is provided with spreading arms (17, 18) for uniform feeding of an excess of the textile material and the drier is constructed as a continually operating tossing drier (4).
19. Means according to claim 18, characterised in that the tossing drier (4) is constructed as a multiple stage belt drier with a tossing tensioning end.
20. Means according to claim 18, characterised in that two belts moving in the same direction (5, 6) are provided to feed the belts in the multiple stage belt drier (4) when the unit is constructed for multiple belt operation and that only one belt running in an opposite direction is provided underneath for all precrumpled hose.
21. Means according to claim 20, characterised in that the spreaders (7) for the two feed belts (5, 6) are located in two planes.
22. Means according to claims 18 - 21, characterised in that the multiple stage drier (4) is provided with a means for effective ventilation parallel to the individual belts uniformly distributed over the working width.
23. Means according to one of claims 18 - 22, characterised in that means for sucking drying air through the material are provided at the start and/ or end of each endless belt (5, 6, 12).
24. Means according to claim 23, characterised in that a suction chamber is provided at the start and/or end of an endless belt beneath the tensioning end and is connected to a central extractor fan.
25. Means according to claim 24, characterised in that the suction chamber is also constructed as a blowing chamber which blows in the direction of the next tensioning end and sucks in the direction of the previous tensioning end.
26. Means according to claim 18, characterised in that the forward and backward movements of an endless belt are effected through a rotary striker (14, 14') which strikes the tensioning end (15) of the endless belt from beneath.
27. Means according to claim 26, characterised in that the rotary striker (14') engages a roller (37) sliding over the tensioning end (15).
28. Means according to claim 26 or 27, characterised in that the height of the impact against the tensioning end (15) is adjustable.
29. Means according to claims 26 28, characterised in that the endless belt (5, 6) is constructed as a lightweight, e.g. mesh, belt.
30. Means according to one of claims 18 - 29, characterised in that a drier, preferably a perforated drum drier (2),is connected directly in front of the spreader (7).
31. Means, in particular according to one of claims 18 30, having a spreader consisting of two spreader arms placed an adjustable distance apart on each of which is mounted one pair of rollers, between and against which is located an enclosing drive roller driven from the outside under pressure and furthermore a delivery belt of circular cross-section passing over the pair of rollers and the drive roller in order to effect uniform forward movement of the spread out textile material, characterised in that toothed drive means (23, 24, 26, 32) are provided on each of the spreader arms (17, 18) in order to deliver the textile hose (1) which is to be spread out.
32. Means according to claim 31 characterised in that the drive belt (26) is provided with outwardly directed camshaped teeth (32).
33. Means according to claim 32, characterised in that teeth (32), when viewed in the direction of feed, are provided first with a gently rising (33) and then with a steeply falling side (34), e.g. at right angles to the direction of feed.
34. Means according to claims 31 - 33, characterised in that the drive belt (26) runs parallel to a cogwheel (23, 24) at the level of the spreader arm feed (17, 18).
35. Means according to claim 34, characterised in that the cogwheel (23) is driven by the drive belt (26).
36. Means according to claim 35, characterised in that the cogwheel (23) is provided with a hub (25) which is smaller than its external diameter which is engaged and driven by the delivery belt (26).
37. Means according to claim 36, characterised in that the hub (25) or the cogwheel (23) plus the hub (25) are constructed so as to have an adjustable or replaceable diameter according to the desired speed of the textile material.
38. Means according to claims 36 - 37, characterised in that the cogwheel (23) consists of two sprockets at a distance from each other separated by the hub (25). -
39. Means according to claims 34 - 38, characterised in that a countersprocket (24) loosely engaging the cogwheel (23) is mounted on the cogwheel (23) externally, that is on the other side of the hose which is to be spread-out.
40. Means according to claim 39, characterised in that the countersprocket (24) is caused to rotate loosely.
41. Means according to claim 39, characterised in that the hub (25) of the cogwheel (23) is mounted so as to rotate independently of the cogwheel (23) and the countersprocket (24) is caused to rotate.
42. Means according to claims 31 - 41, characterised in that the spreader arms (17, 18) are constructed so as to bend inwards in the direction of the hose material.
43. Means according to claims 31 - 42, characterised in that each of the spreader arms (17, 18) consists of two arms (19, 20) directed at an obtuse angle to each other, on the pick-up ends of which the cogwheel (23, 24) is guided, and along the entire length of which the toothed belt (26) is guided by means of rollers (27 31).
44. Means according to claim 43, characterised in that the spreader arms (17, 18) are extended beyond the cogwheel (23, 24) by an outwardly directed extension arm (21) having at least one pick-up roller.
45. Means according to claims 42 - 44, characterised in that the two spreader arms (17, 18) are joined together so as not to rotate by means of a connecting rod (35) provided for width adjustment.
46. Means according to claim 45, characterised in that the points of connection between the connecting rod (35) and the spreader arms (17, 18) are located in front of or behind the widest point of the spreader arms (17, 18).
47. Means according to claims 45 or 46, characterised in that the angle (36) between the connecting rod (35) and the spreader arms (17, 18) is adjustable.
EP83108956A 1982-09-25 1983-09-10 Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant Expired EP0107002B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108956T ATE38533T1 (en) 1982-09-25 1983-09-10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RELEASING SHRINKAGE OF TUBULAR TEXTILE PRODUCTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823235555 DE3235555A1 (en) 1982-09-25 1982-09-25 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FREEING THE SHRINKAGE OF TUBULAR TEXTILE MATERIAL
DE3235555 1982-09-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0107002A2 EP0107002A2 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0107002A3 EP0107002A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0107002B1 true EP0107002B1 (en) 1988-11-09

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EP83108956A Expired EP0107002B1 (en) 1982-09-25 1983-09-10 Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant

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US (1) US4622728A (en)
EP (1) EP0107002B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE38533T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3235555A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4622728A (en) 1986-11-18
ATE38533T1 (en) 1988-11-15
EP0107002A2 (en) 1984-05-02
DE3235555A1 (en) 1984-03-29
DE3378418D1 (en) 1988-12-15
EP0107002A3 (en) 1985-09-18

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