EP0094890A1 - Heizkessel für feste Brennstoffe mit rohrförmigem Strahlungsbrennraum, Verfahren zur Umwandlung eines Heizkessels und Mittel zur Durchführung - Google Patents

Heizkessel für feste Brennstoffe mit rohrförmigem Strahlungsbrennraum, Verfahren zur Umwandlung eines Heizkessels und Mittel zur Durchführung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0094890A1
EP0094890A1 EP83400979A EP83400979A EP0094890A1 EP 0094890 A1 EP0094890 A1 EP 0094890A1 EP 83400979 A EP83400979 A EP 83400979A EP 83400979 A EP83400979 A EP 83400979A EP 0094890 A1 EP0094890 A1 EP 0094890A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
combustion
gases
boiler
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP83400979A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcel Cyprien Kuczewski De Poray
Roland Kissel
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0094890A1 publication Critical patent/EP0094890A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid fuel boiler of the radiant hearth tube type and to a method for transforming a boiler with liquid or gaseous fuel into such a boiler.
  • the uniformity of the heat exchange thanks to the radiating hearth tube of secondary combustion, is limited by the convection of combustion gases in the direction of the inlet of the hearth tube where the temperature is already the highest as a result of the preponderant radiation of the hearth tube in this part.
  • the gases leaving the secondary combustion tube do not have a homogeneous structure and therefore do not have a homogeneous temperature. This is detrimental to the good distribution of heat transmissions and stresses in the heating surface.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing an improved boiler and a method for easily transforming a large number of existing boilers into solid fuel boilers.
  • the present invention thus relates to a solid fuel boiler of the type comprising a primary hearth in which the combustion reactions start, a secondary hearth extended by a radiating tube in which the combustion reactions end, a heating surface disposed around the radiating tube and means for passing the combustion gases leaving the radiating tube into the annular space between the radiating tube and said heating surface, characterized in that the radiating secondary combustion tube consists of two chambers coaxial, the first chamber ending in a convergent which directs the combustion gases towards the second chamber and the second chamber being closed at its end and having at its inlet a diameter greater than that of the end of said convergent so as to delimit with this end an annular opening through which the combustion gases injected into the second chamber are discharged and in that s have provided means for circulating the gases thus discharged in the annular space between said heating surface and the second chamber.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for transforming a liquid or gaseous fuel boiler comprising a cylindrical heating surface and smoke tubes, the inlet of which is opposite the hearth into a solid fuel boiler, characterized in that, in the space surrounded by said heating surface, there is a radiating secondary combustion tube into which the gases originating from the primary combustion of a solid fuel are introduced, the radiating secondary combustion tube consisting of two coaxial chambers, the first chamber ending in a convergent which directs the combustion gases towards the second chamber and the second chamber being closed at its end and having at its inlet a diameter greater than that of the end of said convergent so as to define with this end an annular opening through which the combustion gases injected into the second chamber are evacuated and in that there are means for circulating the gases thus evacuated in the annular space comprised between said heating surface and the second chamber, towards the entrance of the smoke tubes.
  • the boiler 1 shown in Ja FIG. 1 is a horizontal hearth boiler. It comprises a cylindrical heating surface with horizontal axis 2 which is connected at the end opposite to its inlet 3 by a smoke box 4 to smoke tubes 5 parallel to the heating surface 2.
  • the smoke tubes 5 communicate with a front enclosure 6 provided with a chimney 7.
  • a radiating tube composed of a first cylindrical chamber 8 ending in a convergent 9 and a second cylindrical chamber 10 whose end located in the smoke box 4 is closed by a wall 11.
  • the two chambers 8 and 10 are coaxial and contiguous.
  • the end 12 of the convergent 9 of the chamber 8 has a diameter less than the diameter of the chamber 10, so as to delimit between the end 12 of the convergent 9 and the inlet of the chamber 10 an annular opening 13.
  • a mixing chamber 14 with refractory walls comprising a conduit 15 for admitting gas from a primary furnace not shown, the conduit 15 having the same axis as the radiating tube, as well as a secondary air intake duct 16 opening tangentially into the mixing chamber 14.
  • the secondary air flow entering the chamber 14 is adjusted by an adjustment device 17 placed in the duct 16.
  • a refractory diffuser 18 of cylindrical shape is disposed between the mixing chamber 14 and the cylindrical chamber 8 proper.
  • the walls of the chamber 8 can be constituted by a metal tube internally protected by a refractory lining or by a semi-refractory tube of the carburetor silicon carbide type resistant well to high temperatures and thermal shocks.
  • the walls of the chamber 10 can be metallic, the wall 11 possibly comprising a refractory coating.
  • the walls of chambers 8 and 10 can be made up of longitudinal elements with external fins serving as support while increasing their mechanical resistance and heat transmission.
  • annular shutter 19 closes the annular passage 20 existing between the heating surface 2 and the radiating tube composed of the chambers 8 and 10 at the end of the chamber 8 proper.
  • the operation of the boiler shown in FIG. 1 is as follows. Combustible gases coming from a primary semi-gas generator type are introduced through line 15, while secondary air is introduced through line 16 tangentially into mixing chamber 14. The gaseous mixture in the process of reaction passes through the refractory diffuser 18, which activates the combustion reactions and enters the chamber 8, the walls of which radiate towards the heating surface 2.
  • the gases are accelerated in the convergent 9 and are directed at high speed towards the bottom of the chamber 10.
  • the gases are discharged through the wall 11 and returned to the annular opening 13 and emerge in the annular space 20 existing between the surface 2 and the radiant tube.
  • These gases are again returned in a contrary direction by the annular shutter 19, that is to say towards the smoke box 4, then they pass through the smoke tubes 5 before reaching the chamber 6 and the chimney 7.
  • the complex path of the gases inside the chamber 10 makes it possible to obtain an intense mixing which ensures a homogeneous structure and therefore a homogeneous temperature of the gases, which reduces the stresses in the heating surfaces.
  • the direction of gas flow along the heating surface 2 is the same as that which exists in many horizontal boilers of the conventional type with any fuel, and in particular with gaseous or liquid fuel. It is therefore possible to easily transform a liquid or gaseous fuel boiler comprising smoke tubes whose inlet is opposite the hearth into a solid fuel boiler according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 a variant of the entry of a radiating tube according to the present invention.
  • This inlet comprises a nozzle 21 of the same axis as that of the chamber 8, for the introduction of gas from a primary hearth.
  • peripheral orifices 22 At the end of the nozzle 21, are disposed peripheral orifices 22 for suction of secondary air which communicate with a peripheral chamber 23 connected to a duct 24 for admission of secondary air.
  • the orifices 22 open tangentially into a venturi 25 contiguous to the nozzle 21. After its neck 26, this venturi widens abruptly, thereby causing a peripheral recirculation of the incoming gas mixture and allowing the attachment and proper development of the flame. 8 combustion must have a length L sufficient for the recirculation phenomenon to develop well there.
  • the walls of the nozzle 21 and the venturi 25 may in particular be made of refractory material.
  • the mixture of gases from the primary hearth and the secondary air is improved, causing in the venturi 25 both an acceleration of the gases, but also a vortex of the gases in this venturi.
  • FIG. 3 a boiler according to the invention with a grate hearth.
  • This boiler comprises a hearth 27 in which is disposed a stepped grid 28, fed by gravity from a hopper 29 in solid fuel. The air is supplied by a duct 30 disposed under the grid 28. At the bottom of the grid is disposed a scraper 31 for dropping the ashes in an ashtray 32 filled with water.
  • the gases leaving this primary focus enter a radiating tube according to the present invention by a device similar to that shown in FIG. 2, that is to say comprising in particular a nozzle 21 and a venturi 25 opening into a chamber 8.
  • the chamber 8 is terminated by a convergent 9 which opens into a chamber 10.
  • the combustion gases which are returned to the bottom of the boiler in the smoke box 4 pass through the smoke tubes 5, then into the enclosure 6.
  • a fan 33 sucks the fumes and sends them, for the most part, through a duct 34 to a chimney 35.
  • a duct 36 provided with a valve 37 makes it possible to return part of the fumes into the intake duct 30 of primary air Valves 38 and 39 also make it possible to adjust respectively the flow rates and the pressure of the fumes leaving the enclosure 6 and the fumes discharged into the chimney 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP83400979A 1982-05-17 1983-05-16 Heizkessel für feste Brennstoffe mit rohrförmigem Strahlungsbrennraum, Verfahren zur Umwandlung eines Heizkessels und Mittel zur Durchführung Ceased EP0094890A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8208603 1982-05-17
FR8208603A FR2526922A1 (fr) 1982-05-17 1982-05-17 Chaudiere a combustible solide du type a tube foyer rayonnant, procede de transformation d'une chaudiere et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0094890A1 true EP0094890A1 (de) 1983-11-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83400979A Ceased EP0094890A1 (de) 1982-05-17 1983-05-16 Heizkessel für feste Brennstoffe mit rohrförmigem Strahlungsbrennraum, Verfahren zur Umwandlung eines Heizkessels und Mittel zur Durchführung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4488514A (de)
EP (1) EP0094890A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2526922A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989005422A1 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-15 Allan Inovius Reactor for reducing the contents of nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides in combustion gases
WO2000032988A1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-06-08 Bernardini, Mario Reactor for afterburning of gases resulting from combustion

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3416878A1 (de) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-14 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Heizgeraet, insbesondere fahrzeug-zusatzheizgeraet
US4612879A (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-09-23 Elizabeth E. Cooke Hot water heater and steam generator
US4671213A (en) * 1986-03-21 1987-06-09 Horng Horng Her Structural improvement in the burning chamber of a horizontal boiler
US4920925A (en) * 1986-11-07 1990-05-01 Donlee Technologies Inc. Boiler with cyclonic combustion
FR2980555B1 (fr) 2011-09-22 2013-10-11 R L Ceven Sa Installation de chauffage pour combustible du type a elements individualises

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE604368C (de) *
CH247864A (de) * 1944-10-12 1947-03-31 Aktiebolag Degerfors Jarnverks Gasbrenner.
US2554092A (en) * 1941-04-29 1951-05-22 Poray Marcel Cyprien Kuczew De Apparatus for heating a fluid by means of solid fuel
FR1020525A (fr) * 1950-06-19 1953-02-06 Chaudière
US2879862A (en) * 1957-08-26 1959-03-31 Pasadena Invest Co Secondary combustion device
US3822691A (en) * 1971-11-24 1974-07-09 American Air Filter Co Gas-fired furnace
US3861858A (en) * 1972-12-11 1975-01-21 Midland Ross Corp Throat mix burner
DE2550410A1 (de) * 1975-11-10 1977-05-12 Konus Kessel Waermetech Heizeinrichtung zum erwaermen einer waermetraegerfluessigkeit

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US953023A (en) * 1909-03-01 1910-03-29 Patrick Doran Steam-boiler furnace.
US1734310A (en) * 1926-02-02 1929-11-05 Taylor Huston Boiler
FR917802A (fr) * 1944-10-12 1947-01-22 Degerfors Jarnverks Aktiebolag Perfectionnements aux brûleurs à gaz
US2674981A (en) * 1948-04-28 1954-04-13 Vapor Heating Corp Heat generator
US2604081A (en) * 1950-07-05 1952-07-22 Struthers Wells Corp Tube sheet and smoke box for horizontal flue boiler having return fire tubes
BE503805A (de) * 1951-01-19
US3477411A (en) * 1967-12-22 1969-11-11 Aqua Chem Inc Heat recovery boiler with bypass

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE604368C (de) *
US2554092A (en) * 1941-04-29 1951-05-22 Poray Marcel Cyprien Kuczew De Apparatus for heating a fluid by means of solid fuel
CH247864A (de) * 1944-10-12 1947-03-31 Aktiebolag Degerfors Jarnverks Gasbrenner.
FR1020525A (fr) * 1950-06-19 1953-02-06 Chaudière
US2879862A (en) * 1957-08-26 1959-03-31 Pasadena Invest Co Secondary combustion device
US3822691A (en) * 1971-11-24 1974-07-09 American Air Filter Co Gas-fired furnace
US3861858A (en) * 1972-12-11 1975-01-21 Midland Ross Corp Throat mix burner
DE2550410A1 (de) * 1975-11-10 1977-05-12 Konus Kessel Waermetech Heizeinrichtung zum erwaermen einer waermetraegerfluessigkeit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989005422A1 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-15 Allan Inovius Reactor for reducing the contents of nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides in combustion gases
WO2000032988A1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-06-08 Bernardini, Mario Reactor for afterburning of gases resulting from combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4488514A (en) 1984-12-18
FR2526922B1 (de) 1985-01-25
FR2526922A1 (fr) 1983-11-18

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