EP0066099A1 - Method of establishing a surfacing for sports grounds, in particular for tennis courts - Google Patents

Method of establishing a surfacing for sports grounds, in particular for tennis courts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0066099A1
EP0066099A1 EP82103723A EP82103723A EP0066099A1 EP 0066099 A1 EP0066099 A1 EP 0066099A1 EP 82103723 A EP82103723 A EP 82103723A EP 82103723 A EP82103723 A EP 82103723A EP 0066099 A1 EP0066099 A1 EP 0066099A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dry
particle mixture
weight
tile adhesive
layer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82103723A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0066099B1 (en
Inventor
Egon Turba
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from JP6635381A external-priority patent/JPS57183341A/en
Priority claimed from DE19813137265 external-priority patent/DE3137265A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82103723T priority Critical patent/ATE20925T1/en
Publication of EP0066099A1 publication Critical patent/EP0066099A1/en
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Publication of EP0066099B1 publication Critical patent/EP0066099B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/12—Mortar-bound paving
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • German patent application P 31 11 128.9 from 2 0 . March 1981 claims a covering for sports facilities, especially tennis courts, and its manufacture.
  • the covering layer of that covering is formed from a setting mass consisting essentially of brick powder, mineral material and inorganic binder.
  • That setting mass is a dough-like, aqueous slurry which contains as a binder a tile adhesive, namely a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156.
  • a dough-like slurry of tile adhesive, brick powder, mineral material, preferably quartz sand is applied to water on a prepared substructure with an essentially flat surface.
  • the covering components are applied in the form of an aqueous slurry to the prepared substructure and set there.
  • the finished slurry should have a pulp-like consistency with a relatively low water content, so that a good water permeability of the covering is guaranteed after setting.
  • the preparation of a usable slurry presents some difficulties, since lump formation can occur when the tile adhesive comes into contact with moist brick powder and the high viscosity of the slurry which forms requires high gravitational forces in order to achieve an even distribution of all components.
  • When transporting the prefabricated aqueous slurry onto the prepared substructure there is a risk that the previously leveled substructure surface will become uneven due to wheel impressions or the like.
  • the covering formed from the aqueous slurry has a smooth, dense surface, comparable to the surface of set concrete, which must be mechanically roughened in a separate operation before the covering is used as a tennis court or the like.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, which covering has the advantages set out in German patent application P 31 11 128.9.
  • it has the advantages of preparing and applying an aqueous slurry to avoid the associated disadvantages of the covering components.
  • the application to the prepared substructure should be facilitated, the water permeability of the finished covering increased and / or mechanical roughening of the surface of the set covering should be avoided.
  • Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention relate to the selection of the tile adhesive, the mineral material, the composition of the dry-mixed particle mixture, the sequence of adding the components during the preparation of the particle mixture, the application of the particle mixture to the substructure surface and the preferably repeated spraying. of the compressed particle mixture with very fine water droplets, as indicated in the subclaims.
  • a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts which has a top layer containing brick flour on a mostly conventional substructure, for example on a substructure with the typical layer sequence of a tennis surface in accordance with DIN 18 or 35 sheet 5; in such a case the dry premixed particle mixture is applied to the dynamic layer of such a substructure to form the tennis surface.
  • the covering In addition to brick flour, the covering must contain hard, preferably rounded, particles made of an inert material, for example quartz sand particles.
  • a "bonded" covering is obtained by the process according to the invention, with tile adhesive serving as a special and additional binder.
  • the clay minerals in the brick powder obviously also take part in the setting process caused by the tile adhesive.
  • the strength of the brick powder layer can be increased considerably on the one hand, so that greater durability is obtained; on the other hand, the value of the slip behavior, for example determined as static or sliding friction on the surface of the covering under certain loads, can be set within a wide range by specifically selecting the proportions of the covering components.
  • the slip behavior of the known brick powder top layer can largely be obtained.
  • the slip behavior can be set to specific values for specific requirements.
  • the composition of the cover layer its softness can be influenced by selecting certain layer thicknesses.
  • the method according to the invention results in a cover layer of extremely high durability, so that practically no care and / or maintenance work is required even after playing tennis for several hours.
  • the surface layer proves to be frost-proof, so that no special renovation work is required even after the winter break when used with a winter-proof substructure.
  • the covering produced according to the invention proves to be waterproof and is permeable to the extent necessary; i.e. after a rain, excess water quickly, i.e. within a few minutes, through the porous cover layer to the substructure and derived from it. Even if there is considerable, long-lasting dryness, the surface covering layer particles do not detach, so that no significant dust formation occurs.
  • the topping produced according to the invention thus permits largely weather-independent playability without additional measures such as the known removal, rolling and / or watering. Since the formation of bars is considerably reduced, the covering produced according to the invention can also be provided as a floor covering in tennis halls and the like.
  • the covering produced according to the invention can be repaired particularly easily, since the dry premixed particle mixture is simply applied again to worn areas and is then carefully sprayed with water.
  • the newly applied material binds securely to the existing covering material even in a very thin layer thickness without additional measures.
  • brick flour The well-known, commercially available product is used as brick flour, which is widely used to form the top layer in known tennis courts.
  • Brick flour of grain size 0/3 is preferably used, i.e. a material whose average particle size should not significantly exceed 3 mm.
  • Tile adhesive is also a well-known, commercially available product, which experts call a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar (cf. DIN 18 156, Parts 1 and 2).
  • Such hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortars are powdery mixtures of hydraulic binders, mineral aggregates (mostly 0.5 mm grain size) and organic additives.
  • tile adhesives which meet the conditions for thin-bed mortar DIN 18 156-M (cf. DIN 18 156, Part 2) are preferably used.
  • the dry tile adhesive powder is carefully mixed with other solids in the present case, and the mixture obtained is moistened evenly with water.
  • German patent 1,158,430 discloses the use of a mortar which dry 24.8 to 89.9% by weight of Portland cement, 0.2 to 6.5% by weight of methyl cellulose with a viscosity of between lo and 7ooo cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, and contains approximately lo to 75% aggregates such as sand or ground limestone and about lo to 40% for use Water are added, so that the viscosity of the water phase of the mixture is at least 5oo cP, for laying tiles and tiles, the surface to be tiled covered with a layer of mortar and the tiles pressed dry into it.
  • a laying mortar is known from German patent specification 1,646,493 which, in addition to cement and graded sand, contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of methyl cellulose and 1.0 to 10% by weight of a copolymer of 20 to 80% by weight. Contains vinyl chloride and 8b to 20% by weight vinyl propionate. In addition, this laying mortar can also contain 5 to 25 parts by weight of tress.
  • German Auslegeschrift 2 146 7o9 describes the use of a mortar mixture for laying tiles and tiles in the thin bed method, consisting of 25 to 85 wt .-% cement, o, o5 to o, 15 wt .-% methyl cellulose with a viscosity of 1000 to 3ooo cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, melamine-formaldehyde condensation products containing 1.5 to 6% by weight sulfonic acid groups and having a viscosity of 4o to 5oo cP, measured in 20% aqueous solution, o, o2 to o , 1 wt .-% water-soluble, nonionic polyacrylamide, each based on the total weight of the dry mixture, the rest of sand and / or ground limestone.
  • This mortar mixture can additionally contain 0.5 to 5% by weight of asbestos fibers.
  • tile adhesives essentially consist of approximately 24.8 to 89.8% by weight of cement, approximately 10 to 75% by weight of aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and approximately 0.2 to 6.5% by weight.
  • -% methyl cellulose and may also optionally contain other components, namely up to 10% by weight of copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight of melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight of polyacrylamide, up to 25% by weight .-X tress and / or up to 5 wt .-% fibrous material, preferably asbestos.
  • cement for example, Portland cement, Portland slag cement, lime slag cement, iron ore cement, pozzolana cement and the like come into consideration.
  • the following compositions have proven particularly suitable for the present purpose:
  • quartz sand The product of the "rough" quality level commonly used in the construction industry serves as quartz sand; Such quartz sand has an average particle size of up to about 0.7 mm.
  • quartz sand is intended to include, in addition to finely ground silicon dioxide, other finely divided, inert minerals, and mixtures of silicon dioxide with such minerals.
  • additives can be provided in addition to the specified essential components, such as dyes, fungicidal, bactericidal or herbicidal agents and other known additives.
  • top layer that is particularly suitable as a tennis court covering
  • 100 parts by volume of brick powder can be mixed with 10 to 9 parts by volume of quartz sand and 2 to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive.
  • Working with vol. Parts has proven itself well in practice, since here the effects of the frequently changing and, in practice, difficult to check moisture content of the brick powder are largely eliminated).
  • Preferably be used to prepare the dry-mixed particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick powder mixed with 2o to 6o parts by volume of quartz sand and 35 to 55 parts by volume of brick powder.
  • the composition "Tile Adhesive I" or “Tile Adhesive II” given above was occasionally used as the tile adhesive, without this leading to any noteworthy differences in the properties of the top layer.
  • the covering produced according to the invention can be produced in a relatively small layer thickness on the prepared substructure.
  • the minimum layer thickness is determined by the intended service life of the covering.
  • the minimum layer thickness of the finished, set covering should be lo mm, but at least 5 mm.
  • a maximum layer thickness results from the observation that when the layer thickness of the cover layer increases, its softness increases; the layer thickness should therefore not be more than 30 mm, in particular not more than 35 mm. With larger layer thicknesses, crack formation and a decrease in water permeability must also be expected. Layer thicknesses between 15 and 25 mm have proven successful, a layer thickness of approximately 20 mm being particularly preferred.
  • the dry premixed particle mixture is applied in the dry state to the prepared substructure, leveled there and compacted.
  • the layer thickness decreases, so that the loose, dry particle mixture must be applied in a larger layer thickness in order to obtain a covering with the layer thicknesses specified above after compression and setting.
  • the layer thickness of the loose, loose particle mixture decreases by the compression and setting by about 15 to 20%, so that to ensure the above-mentioned layer thicknesses of the finished covering, the dry, loose particle mixture in a corresponding higher layer thickness must be applied to the prepared substructure.
  • a satisfactory covering is obtained when the covering is produced on a flat, firm, dry and water-draining surface using the process according to the invention.
  • a subsoil can be the naturally existing floor or a prepared substructure.
  • the layer sequence with filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer in accordance with DIN-18 o35, sheet 5, which is typical for tennis courts, can be considered as the substructure, the top layer produced according to the invention then serving as the tennis surface.
  • DIN 18 o35, sheet 5 the content of this document should also be included in the present documentation insofar as it is necessary for further explanation of the substrate, filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer including their materials, grain sizes and requirements.
  • the covering can be produced on a water-permeable, bituminous or cement-bound base, for example on a base in the form of a known hard court. If a given asphalt or concrete layer is used as a base and the water permeability is insufficient, a number of holes can be drilled through this layer into the water-draining surface.
  • the dry, premixed particle mixture of the constituents mentioned is applied in a dry form to the essentially flat surface of the prepared base or substructure.
  • the components can be mixed in conventional devices, for example in rotating drums with drum inserts that promote mixing.
  • the powdered, dry tile adhesive is then added and distributed uniformly in the other components. When adding the tile adhesive, it is advisable to avoid a local excess of tile adhesive. As far as possible, the tile adhesive should be placed in the rotating mixing drum with the mixture of quartz sand and brick powder. After the addition of the tile adhesive, it should not be mixed for 5 minutes to ensure an even distribution.
  • the dry-mixed particle mixture obtained is applied in the intended layer thickness on the surface of the substructure, leveled there largely and then compressed in the dry state.
  • the compression can be done with different devices.
  • the compression should not be carried out too far, since otherwise the moisture does not penetrate sufficiently into the compacted material during subsequent watering.
  • Rolling is preferably ended when the layer thickness of the loosely applied and leveled particle mixture has decreased by approximately 15 to 20 %.
  • this layer sets over the entire layer thickness within approx. 12 hours.
  • the playability of the course is then given in dry weather after about 2 to 3 days.
  • the surface can be sprinkled with very fine brick flour if necessary to accelerate the formation of the slipping behavior typical of conventional brick flour places.
  • Rubber can be used as a rubber in a wide variety of sports facilities.
  • This surface is particularly suitable and intended for tennis courts. Since there is neither excessive dust formation when used as a tennis court nor the water required for conventional brick flour courts, this surface can also be used in sports halls.
  • Other application examples include hard courts for. other ball games, the run-in section of long jump facilities as well as running and sprint tracks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The covering layer of the coating comprises brick dust and finely divided mineral aggregates, particularly coarse siliceous sand, which are bound by a hydraulic mortar, such as a mortar used particularly for paving. For the preparation, the brick dust, the mineral aggregates and the solid components of said mortar are dry mixed and the dry mixture is applied to the prepared background, is levelled and pressed, for example by means of rollers. Then, it is sprayed with water to wet uniformly the pressed layer of the mixture. The mortar contains cement, sand and/or calcareous rock, methylcellulose and, as desired, vinyle chloride and vinyle propionate copolymer, polycondensate of melamine-formaldehyde, polyacrylic amide, trass and/or a fibrous material, preferably asbestos.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Die deutsche Patentanmeldung P 31 11 128.9 vom 20. März 1981 beansprucht einen Belag für Sportanlagen, insbesondere Tennisplätze, und dessen Herstellung.German patent application P 31 11 128.9 from 2 0 . March 1981 claims a covering for sports facilities, especially tennis courts, and its manufacture.

Die Deckschicht jenes Belags wird aus einer abbindenden Masse aus im wesentlichen Ziegelmehl, mineralischem Material und anorganischem Bindemittel gebildet. Jene abbindende Masse ist eine teigartige, wässrige Aufschlämmung, welche als Bindemittel einen Fliesenkleber, nämlich einen hydraulisch erhärtenden Dünnbettmörtel gemäß DIN 18 156 enthält. Entsprechend dem Verfahren zur Herstellung jenes Belags wird auf einem vorbereiteten Unterbau mit im wesentlichen ebener Oberfläche eine teigartige Aufschlämmung aus Fliesenkleber, Ziegelmehl, mineralischem Material, vorzugsweise Quarzsand, in Wasser aufgebracht.The covering layer of that covering is formed from a setting mass consisting essentially of brick powder, mineral material and inorganic binder. That setting mass is a dough-like, aqueous slurry which contains as a binder a tile adhesive, namely a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156. In accordance with the process for producing that covering, a dough-like slurry of tile adhesive, brick powder, mineral material, preferably quartz sand, is applied to water on a prepared substructure with an essentially flat surface.

Die Erfindung gemäß jener"Patentanmeldung P 31 11 128.9 geht ebenfalls auf den zur vorliegenden Anmeldung benannten Erfinder zurück. Mit der Bezugsnahme auf die Anmeldung P 31 11 128.9 soll deren Inhalt auch zum Bestandteil der vorliegenden Anmeldungsunterlagen gemacht werden, soweit dies zum Verständnis und zur weiteren Erläuterung der vorliegenden Erfindung erforderlich ist.The invention according to that "patent application P 31 11 128.9 also goes back to the inventor named for the present application. With reference to the application P 31 11 128.9, its content is also to be made part of the present application documents, insofar as this is for understanding and for further purposes Explanation of the present invention is required.

Nach jenem älteren Vorschlag werden die Belagbestandteile in Form einer wässrigen Aufschlämmung auf dem vorbereiteten Unterbau aufgebracht und binden dort ab. Die fertige Aufschlämmung soll eine breiartige Konsistenz mit verhältnismäßig geringem Wassergehalt aufweisen, damit nach dem Abbinden eine gute Wasserdurchlässigkeit des Belags gewährleistet ist. Die Bereitung einer brauchbaren Aufschlämmung bereitet einige Schwierigkeiten, da beim Kontakt des Fliesenklebers mit feuchtem Ziegelmehl Klumpenbildung auftreten kann, und die hohe Viskosität der sich bildenden Aufschlämmung hohe Schwerkräfte erfordert, um eine gleichmäßige Verteilung aller Komponenten zu erzielen. Beim Transport der vorgefertigten wässrigen Aufschlämmung auf den vorbereiteten Unterbau besteht die Gefahr, daß die vorher planierte Unterbau-Oberfläche durch Radeindrücke oder dgl. uneben wird.According to that older proposal, the covering components are applied in the form of an aqueous slurry to the prepared substructure and set there. The finished slurry should have a pulp-like consistency with a relatively low water content, so that a good water permeability of the covering is guaranteed after setting. The preparation of a usable slurry presents some difficulties, since lump formation can occur when the tile adhesive comes into contact with moist brick powder and the high viscosity of the slurry which forms requires high gravitational forces in order to achieve an even distribution of all components. When transporting the prefabricated aqueous slurry onto the prepared substructure, there is a risk that the previously leveled substructure surface will become uneven due to wheel impressions or the like.

Nach dem Abbinden weist der aus der wässrigen Aufschlämmung gebildete Belag eine glatte, dichte Oberfläche auf, vergleichbar der Oberfläche von abgebundenem Beton, die vor der Benützung des Belags als Tennisplatz oder dgl. in einem gesonderten Arbeitsgang mechanisch aufgerauht werden muß.After setting, the covering formed from the aqueous slurry has a smooth, dense surface, comparable to the surface of set concrete, which must be mechanically roughened in a separate operation before the covering is used as a tennis court or the like.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Belags für Sportanlagen, insbesondere Tennisplätze anzugeben, welcher Belag die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 31 11 128.9 dargelegten.Vorteile aufweist, bei der Herstellung jedoch die mit der Bereitung und Aufbringung einer wässrigen Aufschlämmung der Belagbestandteile verbundenen Nachteile zu vermeiden. Insbesondere soll das Aufbringen auf dem vorbereiteten Unterbau erleichtert, die Wasserdurchlässigkeit des fertigen Belags erhöht und/oder eine mechanische Aufrauhung der Oberfläche des abgebundenen Belags vermieden werden.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, which covering has the advantages set out in German patent application P 31 11 128.9. However, in the case of production, it has the advantages of preparing and applying an aqueous slurry to avoid the associated disadvantages of the covering components. In particular, the application to the prepared substructure should be facilitated, the water permeability of the finished covering increased and / or mechanical roughening of the surface of the set covering should be avoided.

Ausgehend von einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Belags für Sportanlagen, insbesondere Tennisplätze, bei welchem Verfahren auf einem vorbereiteten Unterbau Ziegelmehl, mineralisches Material und Fliesenkleber, nämlich hydraulisch erhärtender Dünnbettmörtel gemäß DIN 18 156 aufgebracht werden, besteht die erfindungsgemäße Lösung obiger Aufgabe darin, daßStarting from a process for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, in which process brick powder, mineral material and tile adhesive, namely hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156, are applied to a prepared substructure, the solution according to the invention of the above object is that

  • a) Ziegelmehl, mineralisches Material und dieser Fliesenkleber in Form eines trocken-vermischten Teilchengemisches auf dem Unterbau aufgebracht werden;a) Brick flour, mineral material and this tile adhesive in the form of a dry-mixed particle mixture are applied to the substructure;
  • b).das trockene Teilchengemisch dort eben planiert und verdichtet wird; undb) .The dry particle mixture is leveled and compacted there; and
  • c) das verdichtete Teilchengemisch mit Wasser besprüht wird, um die Teilchengemisch-Schicht gleichmäßig zu befeuchten.c) the compressed particle mixture is sprayed with water in order to uniformly moisten the particle mixture layer.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens betreffen die Auswahl des Fliesenklebers, des mineralischen Materials, die Zusammensetzung des trocken-vermischten Teilchengemisches, die Abfolge der Zugabe der Komponenten bei der Bereitung des Teilchengemisches, das Aufbringen des Teilchengemisches auf der Unterbau-Oberfläche sowie das vorzugsweise mehrmalige Besprühen .des verdichteten Teilchengemisches mit recht feinen Wassertröpfchen, wie das in den Unteransprüchen angegeben ist.Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention relate to the selection of the tile adhesive, the mineral material, the composition of the dry-mixed particle mixture, the sequence of adding the components during the preparation of the particle mixture, the application of the particle mixture to the substructure surface and the preferably repeated spraying. of the compressed particle mixture with very fine water droplets, as indicated in the subclaims.

Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird somit ein Belag für Sportanlagen, insbesondere Tennisplätze erhalten, der eine ziegelmehlhaltige Deckschicht auf einem zumeist üblichen Unterbau aufweist, beispielsweise auf einem Unterbau mit der typischen Schichtenfolge einer Tennisfläche gemäß DIN 18 o35 Blatt 5; in einem solchen Fall wird das trocken-vorgemischte Teilchengemisch auf der dynamischen Schicht eines solchen Unterbaus zur Bildung des Tennisbelages aufgebracht.According to the method according to the invention, a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, is thus obtained which has a top layer containing brick flour on a mostly conventional substructure, for example on a substructure with the typical layer sequence of a tennis surface in accordance with DIN 18 or 35 sheet 5; in such a case the dry premixed particle mixture is applied to the dynamic layer of such a substructure to form the tennis surface.

Der Belag muß neben Ziegelmehl harte, vorzugsweise abgerundete Teilchen aus einem inerten Material, beispielsweise Quarzsandteilchen, enthalten. Ein weiterer, besonders wichtiger Unterschied zu herkömmlichen Ziegelmehl-Deckschichten ist darin zu sehen, daß nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein "gebundener"Belag erhalten wird, wobei als spezielles und zusätzliches Bindemittel Fliesenkleber dient. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß beim Arbeiten nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Bildung einer harten, estrich- oder betonartigen Deckschicht vermieden wird, und stattdessen nach der gezielten Wasserzugabe aus dem trocken-vermischten und verdichteten Teilchengemisch nach Durchführung der AbbindeReaktion eine locker gebundene Masse erhalten wird.In addition to brick flour, the covering must contain hard, preferably rounded, particles made of an inert material, for example quartz sand particles. A further, particularly important difference to conventional brick meal cover layers is the fact that a "bonded" covering is obtained by the process according to the invention, with tile adhesive serving as a special and additional binder. Surprisingly, it has been found that the formation of a hard, screed-like or concrete-like top layer is avoided when working by the process according to the invention, and instead a loosely bound mass is obtained after the targeted addition of water from the dry-mixed and compressed particle mixture after the setting reaction has been carried out.

Am vom Fliesenkleber verursachten Abbinde-Vorgang beteiligen sich offensichtlich auch die Tonmineralien des Ziegelmehls.The clay minerals in the brick powder obviously also take part in the setting process caused by the tile adhesive.

Entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren läßt sich einerseits die Festigkeit der Ziegelmehlschicht erheblich steigern, so daß eine größere Strapazierfähigkeit erhalten wird; andererseits kann durch gezielte Auswahl der Mengenanteile der Belagbestandteile der Wert des Rutschverhaltens, beispielsweise bestimmt als Haft- oder Gleitreibung an der Belagoberfläche unter bestimmter Belastung in einem weiten Bereich eingestellt werden. Insbesondere kann trotz der gesteigerten Festigkeit weitgehend das Rutschverhalten der bekannten Ziegelmehl-Deckschicht erhalten werden. Daneben kann das Rutschverhalten auf bestimmte Werte für gezielte Anforderungen eingestellt werden. Schließlich kann bei gegebener Zusammensetzung der Deckschicht deren Weichheit durch Auswahl bestimmter Schichtdicken beeinflußt werden.According to the method according to the invention, the strength of the brick powder layer can be increased considerably on the one hand, so that greater durability is obtained; on the other hand, the value of the slip behavior, for example determined as static or sliding friction on the surface of the covering under certain loads, can be set within a wide range by specifically selecting the proportions of the covering components. In particular, despite the increased strength, the slip behavior of the known brick powder top layer can largely be obtained. In addition, the slip behavior can be set to specific values for specific requirements. Finally, given the composition of the cover layer, its softness can be influenced by selecting certain layer thicknesses.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ergibt eine Deckschicht von außerordentlich hoher Strapazierfähigkeit, so daß auch nach mehrstündigem Tennisspiel praktisch keine Pflege- und/oder Wartungsarbeiten erforderlich sind. Die Deckschicht erweist sich als frostsicher, so daß in Verwendung mit einem winterfesten Unterbau auch nach der Winterpause keine besonderen Renovierungsarbeiten erforderlich sind.The method according to the invention results in a cover layer of extremely high durability, so that practically no care and / or maintenance work is required even after playing tennis for several hours. The surface layer proves to be frost-proof, so that no special renovation work is required even after the winter break when used with a winter-proof substructure.

Der erfindungsgemäß erzeugte Belag erweist sich als wasserfest und ist im erforderlichen Ausmaß wasserdurchlässig; d.h. nach einem Regenfall werden überschüssige Wassermengen rasch, d.h. innerhalb weniger Minuten, durch die poröse Deckschicht dem Unterbau zugeführt und von diesem abgeleitet. Auch.bei erheblicher, langandauernder Trockenheit lösen sich die oberflächigen Deckschichtteilchen nicht ab, so daß keine nennenswerte Staubbildung auftritt. Damit erlaubt der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Belag ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen wie das bekannte Abziehen, Walzen und/oder Wässern eine weitgehend wetterunabhängige Bespielbarkeit. Da die Stabbildung ganz erheblich vermindert ist, kann der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Belag auch als Bodenbelag in Tennishallen und dgl. vorgesehen werden.The covering produced according to the invention proves to be waterproof and is permeable to the extent necessary; i.e. after a rain, excess water quickly, i.e. within a few minutes, through the porous cover layer to the substructure and derived from it. Even if there is considerable, long-lasting dryness, the surface covering layer particles do not detach, so that no significant dust formation occurs. The topping produced according to the invention thus permits largely weather-independent playability without additional measures such as the known removal, rolling and / or watering. Since the formation of bars is considerably reduced, the covering produced according to the invention can also be provided as a floor covering in tennis halls and the like.

Schließlich läßt sich der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Belag besonders leicht ausbessern, da an abgenutzten Stellen einfach erneut das trocken vorgemischte Teilchengemisch aufgebracht wird und daraufhin vorsichtig mit Wasser besprüht wird. Das neu aufgebrachte Material bindet auch in sehr dünner Schichtdicke ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen sicher mit dem vorhandenen Belagmaterial ab.Finally, the covering produced according to the invention can be repaired particularly easily, since the dry premixed particle mixture is simply applied again to worn areas and is then carefully sprayed with water. The newly applied material binds securely to the existing covering material even in a very thin layer thickness without additional measures.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren im einzelnen anhand der Erzeugung einer Deckschicht für Tennisplätze erläutert. Als wesentliche Komponenten zur Erzeugung einer solchen Deckschicht dienen Ziegelmehl, Fliesenkleber und Quarzsand.The method according to the invention is explained in detail below on the basis of the production of a cover layer for tennis courts. Brick powder, tile adhesive and quartz sand are used as essential components for producing such a covering layer.

Als Ziegelmehl wird das bekannte, handelsübliche Produkt eingesetzt, das in weitem Umfang zur Bildung der Deckschicht bei bekannten Tennisplätzen verwendet wird. Vorzugsweise wird Ziegelmehl der Körnung 0/3 verwendet, d.h. ein Material, dessen mittlere Teilchengröße 3 mm nicht wesentlich überschreiten soll.The well-known, commercially available product is used as brick flour, which is widely used to form the top layer in known tennis courts. Brick flour of grain size 0/3 is preferably used, i.e. a material whose average particle size should not significantly exceed 3 mm.

Fliesenkleber stellt ebenfalls ein bekanntes handelsübliches Produkt dar, das von der Fachwelt als hydraulisch erhärtender Dünnbettmörtel (vgl. DIN 18 156, Teil 1 und 2) bezeichnet wird. Solche hydraulisch erhärtende Dünnbettmörtel sind pulverförmige Gemische aus hydraulischen Bindemitteln, mineralischen Zuschlägen (zumeist o,5 mm Korngröße) und organischen Zusätzen. Vorzugsweise werden im Rahmen dieser Erfindung solche Fliesenkleber eingesetzt, welche die Bedingungen für Dünnbettmörtel DIN 18 156-M (vgl. DIN 18 156, Teil 2) erfüllen. Abweichend von der üblichen Verarbeitung von Fliesenkleber wird im vorliegenden Falle das trockene Fliesenkleberpulver mit weiteren Feststoffen sorgfältig vermischt, und das erhaltene Gemisch gleichmäßig mit Wasse.t befeuchtet.Tile adhesive is also a well-known, commercially available product, which experts call a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar (cf. DIN 18 156, Parts 1 and 2). Such hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortars are powdery mixtures of hydraulic binders, mineral aggregates (mostly 0.5 mm grain size) and organic additives. In the context of this invention, tile adhesives which meet the conditions for thin-bed mortar DIN 18 156-M (cf. DIN 18 156, Part 2) are preferably used. In contrast to the usual processing of tile adhesive, the dry tile adhesive powder is carefully mixed with other solids in the present case, and the mixture obtained is moistened evenly with water.

Die Zusammensetzung solcher Fliesenkleber ist bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die deutsche Patentschrift 1 158 43o die Verwendung eines Mörtels, der trocken 24,8 bis 89,9 Gew.-% Portland-Zement, o,2 bis 6,5 Gew.-% Methylzellulose einer Viskosität zwischen lo und 7ooo cP, gemessen in einer 2%-igen wässrigen Lösung, und etwa lo bis 75% Zuschläge wie Sand oder gemahlenen Kalkstein enthält und dem zum Gebrauch etwa lo bis 40% Wasser beigemischt werden, so daß die Viskosität der Wasserphase der Mischung mindestens 5oo cP beträgt, zum Verlegen von Fliesen und Kacheln, wobei die zu fliesende Fläche mit einer Mörtelschicht bedeckt und die Fliesen trocken in diese gedrückt werden.The composition of such tile adhesives is known. For example, German patent 1,158,430 discloses the use of a mortar which dry 24.8 to 89.9% by weight of Portland cement, 0.2 to 6.5% by weight of methyl cellulose with a viscosity of between lo and 7ooo cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, and contains approximately lo to 75% aggregates such as sand or ground limestone and about lo to 40% for use Water are added, so that the viscosity of the water phase of the mixture is at least 5oo cP, for laying tiles and tiles, the surface to be tiled covered with a layer of mortar and the tiles pressed dry into it.

Dort, sowie in der US-Patentschrift 2 934 932 sind eine Reihe beispielhafter, für den vorliegenden Zweck brauchbarer Fliesenkleber-Zusammensetzungen angegeben. Aus der deutschen Patentschrift 1.646 493 ist ein Verlegemörtel bekannt, der neben Zement und abgestuftem Sand o,1 bis 1,5 Gew.-% Methylzellulose und 1,o-bis lo Gew.-% eines Mischpolymerisates aus 2o bis 8o Gew.-% Vinylchlorid und 8b bis 2o Gew.-% Vinylpropionat enthält. Zusätzlich kann dieser Verlegemörtel noch 5 bis 25 Gew.-Z Traß enthalten. Weiterhin beschreibt die deutsche Auslegeschrift 2 146 7o9 die Verwendung einer Mörtelmischung zum Verlegen von Fliesen und Kacheln im Dünnbettverfahren, bestehend aus 25 bis 85 Gew.-% Zement, o,o5 bis o,15 Gew.-% Methylzellulose einer Viskosität von 1000 bis 3ooo cP, gemessen in einer 2-%igen wässrigen Lösung, 1,5 bis 6 Gew.-% Sulfonsäuregruppen enthaltende Melamin-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukte einer Viskosität von 4o bis 5oo cP, gemessen in 20-%iger wässriger Lösung, o,o2 bis o,1 Gew.-% wasserlösliches, nichtionisches Polyacrylamid, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der trockenen Mischung, Rest Sand und/oder gemahlener Kalkstein. Diese Mörtelmischung kann zusätzlich einen Gehalt an o,5 bis 5 Gew.-% Asbestfasern enthalten.There, as well as in US Pat. No. 2,934,932, a number of exemplary tile adhesive compositions which can be used for the present purpose are given. A laying mortar is known from German patent specification 1,646,493 which, in addition to cement and graded sand, contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of methyl cellulose and 1.0 to 10% by weight of a copolymer of 20 to 80% by weight. Contains vinyl chloride and 8b to 20% by weight vinyl propionate. In addition, this laying mortar can also contain 5 to 25 parts by weight of tress. Furthermore, the German Auslegeschrift 2 146 7o9 describes the use of a mortar mixture for laying tiles and tiles in the thin bed method, consisting of 25 to 85 wt .-% cement, o, o5 to o, 15 wt .-% methyl cellulose with a viscosity of 1000 to 3ooo cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, melamine-formaldehyde condensation products containing 1.5 to 6% by weight sulfonic acid groups and having a viscosity of 4o to 5oo cP, measured in 20% aqueous solution, o, o2 to o , 1 wt .-% water-soluble, nonionic polyacrylamide, each based on the total weight of the dry mixture, the rest of sand and / or ground limestone. This mortar mixture can additionally contain 0.5 to 5% by weight of asbestos fibers.

Mit Bezugnahme auf diese Druckschriften soll deren Inhalt, soweit er die Zusammensetzung von Fliesenkleber, nämlich hydraulisch erhärtendem Dünnbettmörtel im Sinne von DIN 18 156, Teil 1 und Teil 2, betrifft, auch zum Bestandteil der vorliegenden Unterlagen gemacht werden.With reference to these publications, their content, insofar as it relates to the composition of tile adhesive, namely hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar within the meaning of DIN 18 156, Part 1 and Part 2, is also to be made part of the present documents.

Ausweislich dieser Druckschriften bestehen solche Fliesenkleber im wesentlichen aus etwa 24,8 bis 89,8 Gew.-% Zement, etwa lo bis 75 Gew.-% Zuschlägen wie Sand und/oder gemahlenem Kalkstein und etwa o,2 bis 6,5 Gew.-% Methylzellulose, und können darüberhinaus wahlweise weitere Komponenten enthalten, nämlich bis lo Gew.-% Mischpolymerisat aus Vinylchlorid und Vinylpropionat, bis 6 Gew.-% Melamin-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukt, bis o,1 Gew.-% Polyacrylamid, bis 25 Gew.-X Traß und/oder bis 5 Gew.-% faseriges Material, vorzugsweise Asbest. Als Zement kommen beispielsweise Portland-Zement, Portland-Schlacken-Zement, Kalk-Schlacken-Zement, Eisenerz-Zement, Puzzolan-Zement und dergleichen in Betracht. Für den vorliegenden Zweck besonders bewährt haben sich die nachfolgenden Zusammensetzungen:According to these publications, such tile adhesives essentially consist of approximately 24.8 to 89.8% by weight of cement, approximately 10 to 75% by weight of aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and approximately 0.2 to 6.5% by weight. -% methyl cellulose, and may also optionally contain other components, namely up to 10% by weight of copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight of melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight of polyacrylamide, up to 25% by weight .-X tress and / or up to 5 wt .-% fibrous material, preferably asbestos. As cement, for example, Portland cement, Portland slag cement, lime slag cement, iron ore cement, pozzolana cement and the like come into consideration. The following compositions have proven particularly suitable for the present purpose:

Fliesenkleber I mitTile adhesive I with

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0001

Fliesenkleber II mitTile adhesive II with

Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0003

Als Quarzsand dient das üblicherweise in der Bauindustrie verwendete Produkt der Qualitätsstufe "grob"; solcher Quarzsand weist eine mittlere Teilchengröße bis etwa o,7 mm auf. Die Bezeichnung "Quarzsand" soll neben fein gemahlenen Sliliciumdioxid auch andere feinteilige, inerte Mineralstoffe, sowie Gemische aus Siliciumdioxid mit solchen Mineralstoffen einschließen.The product of the "rough" quality level commonly used in the construction industry serves as quartz sand; Such quartz sand has an average particle size of up to about 0.7 mm. The term "quartz sand" is intended to include, in addition to finely ground silicon dioxide, other finely divided, inert minerals, and mixtures of silicon dioxide with such minerals.

Sofern das angestrebt wird, können neben den angegebenen wesentlichen Komponenten weitere Zusätze vorgesehen werden wie etwa Farbstoffe, fungizid, bakterizid oder herbizid wirkende Mittel und andere bekannte Zusätze.If this is desired, other additives can be provided in addition to the specified essential components, such as dyes, fungicidal, bactericidal or herbicidal agents and other known additives.

Die Härte und Festigkeit der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhaltenen Deckschicht, sowie das Rutschverhalten an der Oberfläche dieser Deckschicht lassen sich in weitem Umfang durch entsprechende Auswahl der Anteile der genannten Komponenten einstellen. Ohne einen Mindestanteil an Quarzsand läßt sich das angestrebte Rutschverhalten nicht verwirklichen, insbesondere bei Nässe. Bei vorgegebenen Anteilen an Ziegelmehl und Quarzsand führt eine Erhöhung des Fliesenkleberanteils zu einer Zunahme der Härte und einer Erhöhung des Reibbeiwertes der Haftung bzw. der Gleitreibung. Solche Reibbeiwerte können als Anhaltspunkt für das Rutschverhalten gewertet werden. Zur Bestimmung dieser Reibb.eiwerte wird ein Prüfkörper (lo cm lang, 5 cm breit, o,5 cm hoch) aus glattem Schuhsohlengummi unter einer Belastung von 15o N mit einer Geschwindigkeit von anfänglich o bis schließlich 3 cm/sec über die Prüffläche geführt. Die erforderlichen Zugkräfte werden mit einer Kraftdose gemessen, und der Reibbeiwert entsprechend der Formel:

  • Reibbeiwert = Zugkraft / Belastung

ermittelt. Der Reibbeiwert der Haftung bezieht sich auf die erforderliche Kraft, um den Prüfkörper in Bewegung zu versetzen; der Reibbeiwert der Gleitreibung entspricht der erforderlichen Kraft bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 3 cm/sec. Unter diesen Bedingungen wurden für bekannte Ziegelmehlbeläge Reibbeiwerte der Haftung und der Gleitreibung im Bereich vom etwa 2,7 bis 3,o ermittelt. Durch geeignete Auswahl der Anteile der verschiedenen Komponenten lassen sich auch an den erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Deckschichten Reibbeiwerte in diesem Bereich erzielen. Bei vorgegebenen Anteilen an Ziegelmehl und Fliesenkleber führt eine Erhöhung des Quarzsandanteils zu einer Abnahme dieser Reibbeiwerte, was im Ergebnis das Rutschen auf der Deckschicht-Oberfläche fördert.The hardness and strength of the cover layer obtained by the process according to the invention and the slip behavior on the surface of this cover layer can be adjusted to a large extent by appropriate selection of the proportions of the components mentioned. The desired slip behavior cannot be achieved without a minimum proportion of quartz sand, especially when it is wet. With given proportions of brick powder and quartz sand, an increase in the proportion of tile adhesive leads to an increase in hardness and an increase in the coefficient of friction of adhesion or sliding friction. Such coefficients of friction can be used as a guide for slipping behavior. To determine these friction values, a test specimen (10 cm long, 5 cm wide, 0.5 cm high) made of smooth shoe sole rubber is passed over the test surface under a load of 15o N at a speed of initially 0 to 3 cm / sec. The required tensile forces are measured with a power box, and the coefficient of friction according to the formula:
  • Coefficient of friction = tensile force / load

determined. The coefficient of friction of adhesion refers to the force required to set the test specimen in motion; the coefficient of friction of the sliding friction corresponds to the force required at a speed of 3 cm / sec. Under these conditions, friction coefficients of adhesion and sliding friction in the range from approximately 2.7 to 3.0 were determined for known brick dust coverings. By suitable selection of the proportions of the various components, friction coefficients can also be achieved in this area on the cover layers produced according to the invention. With given proportions of brick powder and tile adhesive, an increase in the quartz sand content leads to a decrease in these coefficients of friction, which as a result promotes slipping on the surface of the surface layer.

Zur Bereitung einer insbesondere als Tennisplatzbelag gut geeigneten Deckschicht können loo Vol.-Teile Ziegelmehl mit 10 bis 9o Vol.-Teilen Quarzsand und 2o bis 60 Vol.-Teilen Fliesenkleber vermischt werden. (Das Arbeiten mit Vol.-Teilen hat sich in der Praxis gut bewährt, da hier die Auswirkungen des häufig stark wechselnden und in der Praxis nur schwer überprüfbaren Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes des Ziegelmehls weitgehend ausgeschaltet sind). Vorzugsweise werden zur Bereitung des trocken-vermischten Teilchengemisches 100 Vol.-Teile Ziegelmehl mit 2o bis 6o Vol.-Teilen Quarzsand und 35 bis 55 Vol.-Teilen Ziegelmehl vermischt. Hierbei diente als Fliesenkleber fallweise die oben angegebene Zusammensetzung "Fliesenkleber I" oder "Fliesenkleber II", ohne daß dies zu nennenswerten Unterschieden der Deckschicht-Eigenschaften führte.To prepare a top layer that is particularly suitable as a tennis court covering, 100 parts by volume of brick powder can be mixed with 10 to 9 parts by volume of quartz sand and 2 to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive. (Working with vol. Parts has proven itself well in practice, since here the effects of the frequently changing and, in practice, difficult to check moisture content of the brick powder are largely eliminated). Preferably be used to prepare the dry-mixed particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick powder mixed with 2o to 6o parts by volume of quartz sand and 35 to 55 parts by volume of brick powder. In this case, the composition "Tile Adhesive I" or "Tile Adhesive II" given above was occasionally used as the tile adhesive, without this leading to any noteworthy differences in the properties of the top layer.

Dank der hohen Festigkeit des erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Belags kann dieser in einer relativ geringen Schichtdicke auf dem vorbereiteten Unterbau erzeugt werden. Die Mindestschichtdicke wird durch die vorgesehene Lebensdauer des Belags bestimmt. In dieser Hinsicht soll die Mindestschichtdicke des fertigen, abgebundenen Belags lo mm, mindestens jedoch 5 mm betragen. Eine maximale Schichtdicke ergibt sich aus der Beobachtung, daß bei einer Erhöhung der Schichtdicke der Deckschicht deren Weichheit zunimmt; die Schichtdicke soll daher nicht mehr als 3o mm, insbesondere nicht mehr als 35 mm betragen. Bei größeren Schichtdicken muß ferner mit Rißbildung und einer Abnahme der Wasserdurchlässigkeit gerechnet werden. Gut bewährt haben sich Schichtdicken zwischen 15 und 25 mm, wobei eine Schichtdicke von ca. 2o mm besonders bevorzugt wird. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird das trocken-vorgemischte Teilchengemisch in trockenem Zustand auf dem vorbereiteten Unterbau aufgebracht, dort eben planiert und verdichtet. Bei der Verdichtung nimmt die Schichtdicke ab, so daß-das lockere, trockene Teilchengemisch in einer größeren Schichtdicke aufgebracht werden muß, um nach dem Verdichten und Abbinden einen Belag mit den oben angegebenen Schichtdicken zu erhalten. Im allgemeinen nimmt die Schichtdicke des lockeren, losen Teilchengemisches durch das Verdichten und Abbinden um etwa 15 bis 20% ab, so daß zur Gewährleistung der oben angegebenen Schichtdicken des fertigen Belags das trockene, lose Teilchengemisch in einer entsprechend höheren Schichtdicke auf den vorbereiteten Unterbau aufgebracht werden muß.Thanks to the high strength of the covering produced according to the invention, it can be produced in a relatively small layer thickness on the prepared substructure. The minimum layer thickness is determined by the intended service life of the covering. In this regard, the minimum layer thickness of the finished, set covering should be lo mm, but at least 5 mm. A maximum layer thickness results from the observation that when the layer thickness of the cover layer increases, its softness increases; the layer thickness should therefore not be more than 30 mm, in particular not more than 35 mm. With larger layer thicknesses, crack formation and a decrease in water permeability must also be expected. Layer thicknesses between 15 and 25 mm have proven successful, a layer thickness of approximately 20 mm being particularly preferred. In the method according to the invention, the dry premixed particle mixture is applied in the dry state to the prepared substructure, leveled there and compacted. During the compaction, the layer thickness decreases, so that the loose, dry particle mixture must be applied in a larger layer thickness in order to obtain a covering with the layer thicknesses specified above after compression and setting. In general, the layer thickness of the loose, loose particle mixture decreases by the compression and setting by about 15 to 20%, so that to ensure the above-mentioned layer thicknesses of the finished covering, the dry, loose particle mixture in a corresponding higher layer thickness must be applied to the prepared substructure.

Für viele Anwendungsfälle wird ein zufriedenstellender Belag bereits dann erhalten, wenn der Belag nach dem erfindunsgemäßen Verfahren auf einem ebenen, festen, trockenen und wasserabführenden Untergrund erzeugt wird. Bei einem solchen Untergrund kann es sich um den natürlich anstehenden Boden handeln, oder um einen vorbereiteten Unterbau. Als Unterbau kommt insbesondere die für Tennisflächen typische Schichtenabfolge mit Filterschicht, Tragschicht und dynamischer Schicht gemäß DIN -18 o35, Blatt 5, in Betracht, wobei dann als Tennisbelag die erfindungsgemäß erzeugte Deckschicht dient. Mit Bezugnahme auf DIN 18 o35, Blatt 5, soll deren Inhalt, soweit er zur weiteren Erläuterung von Untergrund, Filterschicht, Tragschicht und dynamischer Schicht einschließlich deren Materialien, Korngrößen und Anforderungen erforderlich ist, auch zum Bestandteil der vorliegenden Unterlagen gemacht werden. Weiterhin kann nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Belag auf einer wasserdurchlässigen, bituminös-oder zementgebundenen Unterlage erzeugt werden, beispielsweise auf einer Unterlage in Form eines bekannten Hartplatzes. Sofern als Unterlage eine vorgegebene Asphalt- oder Betonschicht dient, und deren Wasserdurchlässigkeit unzureichend ist, kann eine Anzahl Bohrungen durch diese Schicht hindurch bis in den wasserabführenden Untergrund erzeugt werden.For many applications, a satisfactory covering is obtained when the covering is produced on a flat, firm, dry and water-draining surface using the process according to the invention. Such a subsoil can be the naturally existing floor or a prepared substructure. In particular, the layer sequence with filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer in accordance with DIN-18 o35, sheet 5, which is typical for tennis courts, can be considered as the substructure, the top layer produced according to the invention then serving as the tennis surface. With reference to DIN 18 o35, sheet 5, the content of this document should also be included in the present documentation insofar as it is necessary for further explanation of the substrate, filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer including their materials, grain sizes and requirements. Furthermore, according to the method according to the invention, the covering can be produced on a water-permeable, bituminous or cement-bound base, for example on a base in the form of a known hard court. If a given asphalt or concrete layer is used as a base and the water permeability is insufficient, a number of holes can be drilled through this layer into the water-draining surface.

Auf der im wesentlichen ebenen Oberfläche des vorbereiteten Untergrundes bzw. Unterbaues wird das trocken-vorgemischte Teilchengemisch aus den genannten Bestandteilen in trockener Form aufgebracht. Das Vermischen der Komponenten kann in üblichen Vorrichtungen erfolgen, beispielsweise in rotierenden Trommeln mit die Durchmischung fördernden Trommeleinsätzen. Gut bewährt haben sich beispielsweise die zur Erzeugung von Beton üblichen Vorrichtungen,beispielsweise die bekannten Fahrzeuge zum gleichzeitigen Mischen und Transportieren von gebrauchsfertigem Beton. Vorzugsweise werden zuerst. das Ziegelmehl und der Quarzsand in die Mischtrommel oder dgl. gegeben, diese beiden Komponenten grob miteinander vermischt, indem man die Trommel einige Male rotieren läßt. Daraufhin wird der pulverförmige, trockene Fliesenkleber zugesetzt, und einheitlich in den anderen Komponenten verteilt. Bei der Zugabe des Fliesenklebers ist es zweckmäßig, einen örtlichen Fliesenkleberuberschuß zu vermeiden. Soweit es möglich ist, soll der Fliesenkleber in die rotierende Mischtrommel zu dem vorgelegten Gemisch aus Quarzsand und Ziegelmehl eingebracht werden. Nach der Zugabe des Fliesenklebers sollwwenigistens 5 min lang gemischt werden, um eine gleichmäßige Verteilung zu gewährleisten.The dry, premixed particle mixture of the constituents mentioned is applied in a dry form to the essentially flat surface of the prepared base or substructure. The components can be mixed in conventional devices, for example in rotating drums with drum inserts that promote mixing. The devices which are customary for producing concrete, for example the well-known vehicles for simultaneously mixing and transporting ready-to-use concrete, have proven successful. Preferably be first. the brick flour and the quartz sand in the mixing drum or the like. These two components are roughly mixed together by rotating the drum a few times. The powdered, dry tile adhesive is then added and distributed uniformly in the other components. When adding the tile adhesive, it is advisable to avoid a local excess of tile adhesive. As far as possible, the tile adhesive should be placed in the rotating mixing drum with the mixture of quartz sand and brick powder. After the addition of the tile adhesive, it should not be mixed for 5 minutes to ensure an even distribution.

Das erhaltene trocken-vermischte Teilchengemisch wird in der vorgesehenen Schichtdicke auf der Oberfläche des Unterbaues aufgebracht, dort weitgehend eben planiert und anschließend in trockenem Zustand verdichtet. Das Verdichten kann mit verschiedenen Vorrichtungen erfolgen. Als geeignet hat sich eine von Hand ziehbare Walze erwiesen, wie sie üblicherweise zum Verdichten von Tennisplätzen verwendet wird. Das Verdichten soll nicht zu weit betrieben werden, da ansonsten beim anschließenden Wässern die Feuchtigkeit nur ungenügend in das verdichtete Material eindringt. Vorzugsweise wird das Walzen dann beendet, wenn die Schichtdicke des lose aufgebrachten und eingeebneten Teilchengemisches um etwa 15 bis 20% abgenommen hat.The dry-mixed particle mixture obtained is applied in the intended layer thickness on the surface of the substructure, leveled there largely and then compressed in the dry state. The compression can be done with different devices. A hand-drawn roller, as is usually used for compacting tennis courts, has proven to be suitable. The compression should not be carried out too far, since otherwise the moisture does not penetrate sufficiently into the compacted material during subsequent watering. Rolling is preferably ended when the layer thickness of the loosely applied and leveled particle mixture has decreased by approximately 15 to 20 %.

Daraufhin wird die immer noch trockene, verdichtete Teilchengemisch-Schicht mit Wasser besprüht. Bei diesem Besprühen soll eine gleichmäßige Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme über die gesamte Schichtdicke der verdichteten Schicht hindurch erzielt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird hierzu mit möglichst feinen Wassertröpfchen gearbeitet, und ein erheblicher lokaler Wasserüberschuß vermieden. Sofern man auf die Oberfläche der verdichteten Schicht zu viel Wasser aufbringt, erfolgt die Abbindereaktion relativ rasch begrenzt in den oberflächennahen Bereichen der Deckschicht, was das Vordringen der Feuchtigkeit in tiefere Bereiche verhindert. Hierdurch kann die Homogenität des Belags über seine gesamte Schichtdicke hinweg beeinträchtigt werden. Gute Ergebnisse wurden beispielsweise damit erzielt, daß man die verdichtete Oberfläche mit einem möglichst feinen Sprühstrahl solange besprühte, bis das Wasser an der Schichtoberfläche kurz stehen blieb. Dieses Besprühen wurde nach wenigen Minuten wiederholt, bis das Wasser erneut an der Schichtoberfläche kurz stehen blieb, und daraufhin nochmals unter diesen Bedingungen wiederholt. Bei einem praktischen Versuch wurden unter diesen Bedingungen pro m 2 einer ca. 25 mm starken, verdichteten Schicht etwa 4 bis 6 1 Wasser aufgebracht.Thereupon the still dry, compacted part sprinkled with water. With this spraying, uniform moisture absorption is to be achieved over the entire layer thickness of the compacted layer. For this purpose it is expedient to work with water droplets which are as fine as possible and to avoid a considerable local excess of water. If too much water is applied to the surface of the compacted layer, the setting reaction takes place relatively quickly in the areas of the cover layer near the surface, which prevents the penetration of moisture into deeper areas. This can impair the homogeneity of the covering over its entire layer thickness. Good results were achieved, for example, by spraying the compacted surface with a spray which was as fine as possible until the water stopped briefly on the surface of the layer. This spraying was repeated after a few minutes until the water stopped again briefly on the surface of the layer and then repeated again under these conditions. In a practical experiment, about 4 to 6 liters of water were applied per m 2 of an approximately 25 mm thick, compressed layer.

Nachdem die verdichtete Teilchenschicht möglichst gleichmäßig befeuchtet worden ist, bindet diese Schicht über die gesamte Schichtdicke innerhalb ca. 12 h ab. Die Bespielbarkeit des Platzes ist dann bei trockenem Wetter nach ca. 2 bis 3 Tagen gegeben. Nach dem Abbinden der Schicht kann die Oberfläche bei Bedarf mit sehr feinem Ziegelmehl eingestreut werden, um die Ausbildung des für herkömmliche Ziegelmehlplätze typischen Rutschverhaltens zu beschleunigen.After the compacted particle layer has been moistened as evenly as possible, this layer sets over the entire layer thickness within approx. 12 hours. The playability of the course is then given in dry weather after about 2 to 3 days. After the layer has set, the surface can be sprinkled with very fine brick flour if necessary to accelerate the formation of the slipping behavior typical of conventional brick flour places.

Der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Belag ist als Belag bei den verschiedensten Sportanlagen einsetzbar. Insbesondere ist dieser Belag für Tennisplätze geeignet und bestimmt. Da bei Anwendung als Tennisplatz weder eine übermäßige Staubentwicklung auftritt, noch das bei herkömmlichen Ziegelmehlplätzen erforderliche Wässern nötig ist, kann dieser Belag auch in Sporthallen vorgesehen werden. Weitere Anwendungsbeispiele betreffen u.a. Hartplätze für . andere Ballspiele, die Anlaufstrecke von Weitsprunganlagen sowie Lauf- und Sprintbahnen.The one produced by the method according to the invention Rubber can be used as a rubber in a wide variety of sports facilities. This surface is particularly suitable and intended for tennis courts. Since there is neither excessive dust formation when used as a tennis court nor the water required for conventional brick flour courts, this surface can also be used in sports halls. Other application examples include hard courts for. other ball games, the run-in section of long jump facilities as well as running and sprint tracks.

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Belags für Sportanlagen insbesondere Tennisplätze, bei dem auf einem vorbereiteten Unterbau Ziegelmehl, mineralisches Material und Fliesenkleber, nämlich hydraulisch erhärtender Dünnbettmörtel gemäß DIN 18 156 aufgebracht werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß a) Ziegelmehl, mineralisches Material und dieser Fliesenkleber in Form eines trocken-vermischten Teilchengemisches auf dem Unterbau aufgebracht werden; b) das trockene Teilchengemisch dort eben planiert und verdichtet wird; und c) das verdichtete Teilchengemisch mit Wasser besprüht wird, um die Teilchengemisch-Schicht gleichmäßig zu befeuchten. 1. Process for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, in which brick powder, mineral material and tile adhesive, namely hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156, are applied to a prepared substructure,
characterized in that a) Brick flour, mineral material and this tile adhesive in the form of a dry-mixed particle mixture are applied to the substructure; b) the dry particle mixture is leveled and compacted there; and c) the compressed particle mixture is sprayed with water in order to uniformly moisten the particle mixture layer. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als hydraulisch erhärtender Dünnbettmörtel gemäß DIN 18156 ein Fliesenkleber dient, der aus etwa 24,8 bis 89,8 Gew.-% Zement, etwa 10 bis 75 Gew.-% Zuschlägen wie Sand und/oder gemahlenem Kalkstein und etwa o,2 bis 6,5 Gew.-Z Methylzellulose besteht, und wahlweise weitere Komponenten, nämlich bis 10 Gew.-% Mischpolymerisat aus Vinylchlorid und Vinylpropionat, bis 6 Gew.-% Melamin-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukt, bis o,1 Gew.-% Polyacrylamid, bis 25 Gew.-Z Traß und/oder bis 5 Gew.-% faseriges Material, vorzugsweise Asbest enthält.2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
as a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18156, a tile adhesive is used which consists of approximately 24.8 to 89.8% by weight of cement, approximately 10 to 75% by weight of aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and approximately 0.2 to 6 , 5% by weight of methyl cellulose, and optionally further components, namely up to 10% by weight of copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight of melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight of polyacrylamide, to Contains 25% by weight of tress and / or up to 5% by weight of fibrous material, preferably asbestos. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als mineralisches Material feinteiliger Quarzsand mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße von 0,01 bis o,7 mm dient.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
serves as a mineral material of finely divided quartz sand with an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.7 mm. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zur Bereitung des Teilchengemisches
loo Vol. Teile Ziegelmehl mit lo bis 9o Teilen mineralischem Material, vorzugsweise Quarzsand, und mit 2o bis 60 Vol. Teilen Fliesenkleber trocken vermischt werden.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
for the preparation of the particle mixture
100 parts by volume of brick flour with lo to 9o parts of mineral material, preferably quartz sand, and with 2o to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive are dry mixed. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zur Bereitung des Teilchengemisches
loo Vol. Teile Ziegelmehl mit
2o bis 60 Vol.Teilen mineralischem Material, vorzugsweise Quarzsand, und mit 35 bis 55 Vol. Teilen Fliesenkleber trocken vermischt werden.5. The method according to claim 4,
characterized in that
for the preparation of the particle mixture
loo vol. Share brick flour
Mix 2o to 60 parts by volume of mineral material, preferably quartz sand, and dry with 35 to 55 parts by volume of tile adhesive. 6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zuerst:Ziegelmehl und mineralisches Material in einer rotierenden Mischtrommel oder dgl. trocken vermischt werden, und anschließend der trockene, pulverförmige Fliesenkleber zugesetzt und durch weiteres Mischen in dem vorher erzeugten Gemisch gleichmäßig verteilt wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
First: Brick powder and mineral material are dry mixed in a rotating mixing drum or the like, and then the dry, powdery tile adhesive is added and is evenly distributed in the previously generated mixture by further mixing. 7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das trockene Teilchengemisch in einer Schichtdicke von etwa 15 bis 5o mm auf der Oberfläche des Unterbaues aufgebracht wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
the dry particle mixture is applied in a layer thickness of about 15 to 50 mm on the surface of the substructure. 8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die trockene Teilchengemisch-Schicht durch Walzen verdichtet wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that
the dry particle mixture layer is compacted by rolling. 9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die verdichtete Teilchengemisch-Schicht so lange mit feinen Wassertröpfchen besprüht wird, bis auf der Teilchengemisch-Schicht-Oberfläche flüssiges Wasser sichtbar stehen bleibt.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that
the compacted particle mixture layer is sprayed with fine water droplets until liquid water visibly remains on the particle mixture layer surface. 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Besprühen mit feinen Wassertröpfchen mehrmals wiederholt wird.10. The method according to claim 9,
characterized in that
spraying with fine water droplets is repeated several times.
EP82103723A 1981-05-01 1982-04-30 Method of establishing a surfacing for sports grounds, in particular for tennis courts Expired EP0066099B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82103723T ATE20925T1 (en) 1981-05-01 1982-04-30 PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COVERING FOR SPORTS FACILITIES, ESPECIALLY TENNIS COURTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6635381A JPS57183341A (en) 1981-05-01 1981-05-01 Playground surface material and manufacture
JP66353/81 1981-05-01
DE19813137265 DE3137265A1 (en) 1981-09-18 1981-09-18 Process for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts
DE3137265 1981-09-18

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EP0066099A1 true EP0066099A1 (en) 1982-12-08
EP0066099B1 EP0066099B1 (en) 1986-07-23

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AU (1) AU548363B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1185999A (en)
DE (1) DE3272112D1 (en)
DK (1) DK154843C (en)
ES (1) ES8403180A1 (en)
FI (1) FI74758C (en)
GR (1) GR75436B (en)
IE (1) IE52589B1 (en)
NO (1) NO824388L (en)
WO (1) WO1982004081A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991012218A1 (en) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-22 Pioneer Supamix Limited Composition for covering a substrate
WO1992014000A1 (en) * 1991-02-08 1992-08-20 Clayther International-Technology Transfers Ltd. A base structure, particularly suitable for tennis courts, a tennis court and a method of building a tennis court
CN107663048A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-06 嘉兴市博宏新型建材有限公司 A kind of machine spray drying mixed plastering mortar

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3809581A1 (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-10-12 Werner Otto POWDER MIXTURE FOR A TENNIS COURSE SURFACE AND METHOD FOR REPAIRING THE SURFACE

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GB198884A (en) * 1922-05-12 1923-06-14 Edward Somerfield Improvements in or relating to the construction or preparation of ground or floor surfaces suitable for hard court tennis, badminton and like games to be played thereon
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FR1193470A (en) * 1957-03-26 1959-11-03 Manufacturing process for a traffic area
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CH497625A (en) * 1966-09-14 1970-10-15 Ullrich Fritz Process for the production of a cementitious screed
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FR2044667A1 (en) * 1969-05-30 1971-02-26 Gerland Ste Chimique Soil surfacing process
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EP0036644A1 (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-09-30 Egon Turba Surfacing for sports areas, particularly tennis courts, and method of construction

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FR460181A (en) * 1912-09-28 1913-11-25 Charles Bouhana New product for the establishment of outdoor play floors, such as tennis, crocket, etc.
GB198884A (en) * 1922-05-12 1923-06-14 Edward Somerfield Improvements in or relating to the construction or preparation of ground or floor surfaces suitable for hard court tennis, badminton and like games to be played thereon
DE442257C (en) * 1925-05-19 1927-03-26 Baerle & Co Chem Fab Van Process for the production of permanent road constructions from limestone or calcareous cover materials and fillers with water glass
DE441047C (en) * 1925-07-28 1927-02-21 Carl Becker Process for the production of a cover for tennis courts
DE533045C (en) * 1928-03-29 1931-09-12 Johannes Gerardus Vos Water-permeable playground ceiling, especially for tennis courts
DE574153C (en) * 1929-11-20 1933-04-10 Carl Becker Process for the production of a tennis court consisting of two layers
DE630312C (en) * 1930-08-16 1936-05-26 Straba Strassenbaubedarfs Akt Process for the production of road surfaces
CH159610A (en) * 1932-03-05 1933-01-31 Stingl Wenzl Process for the production of a dust-free, elastic, water-permeable surface material for playgrounds and sports fields.
US1999130A (en) * 1932-03-08 1935-04-23 Ernest H Nichols Tennis court
CH186197A (en) * 1936-06-24 1936-09-15 Haggenmacher Fritz Process for the production of water-permeable surfaces for tennis, gymnastics and playgrounds.
FR1193470A (en) * 1957-03-26 1959-11-03 Manufacturing process for a traffic area
DE1158430B (en) * 1958-01-10 1963-11-28 Tile Council Of America Use of a mortar containing Portland cement, methyl cellulose and aggregates for laying tiles
CH497625A (en) * 1966-09-14 1970-10-15 Ullrich Fritz Process for the production of a cementitious screed
BE699093A (en) * 1967-05-26 1967-11-03
DE1646493B1 (en) * 1967-11-04 1971-01-07 Dyckerhoff Zementwerke Ag Laying mortar
DE2011146A1 (en) * 1969-04-30 1970-11-12 Spinoglio, Meritano, Novara (Italien) Cement-asbestos layer for paving and play- - grounds
FR2044667A1 (en) * 1969-05-30 1971-02-26 Gerland Ste Chimique Soil surfacing process
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EP0036644A1 (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-09-30 Egon Turba Surfacing for sports areas, particularly tennis courts, and method of construction

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991012218A1 (en) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-22 Pioneer Supamix Limited Composition for covering a substrate
US5338573A (en) * 1990-02-09 1994-08-16 Derek Davies Compound for covering a substrate
WO1992014000A1 (en) * 1991-02-08 1992-08-20 Clayther International-Technology Transfers Ltd. A base structure, particularly suitable for tennis courts, a tennis court and a method of building a tennis court
US5320447A (en) * 1991-02-08 1994-06-14 Clayther International - Technology Transfers Ltd. Base structure, particularly suitable for tennis courts, a tennis court and a method of building a tennis court
CN107663048A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-06 嘉兴市博宏新型建材有限公司 A kind of machine spray drying mixed plastering mortar

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Publication number Publication date
DE3272112D1 (en) 1986-08-28
DK579882A (en) 1982-12-30
AU548363B2 (en) 1985-12-05
IE52589B1 (en) 1987-12-23
NO824388L (en) 1982-12-27
AU8399282A (en) 1982-11-24
CA1185999A (en) 1985-04-23
ES511843A0 (en) 1984-03-01
WO1982004081A1 (en) 1982-11-25
IE821045L (en) 1982-11-01
FI824514A0 (en) 1982-12-30
EP0066099B1 (en) 1986-07-23
FI74758B (en) 1987-11-30
ES8403180A1 (en) 1984-03-01
DK154843B (en) 1988-12-27
FI74758C (en) 1988-03-10
GR75436B (en) 1984-07-17
DK154843C (en) 1989-07-10
FI824514L (en) 1982-12-30

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