EP0043158A1 - Appareil à exploration par ultrasons - Google Patents

Appareil à exploration par ultrasons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043158A1
EP0043158A1 EP81200695A EP81200695A EP0043158A1 EP 0043158 A1 EP0043158 A1 EP 0043158A1 EP 81200695 A EP81200695 A EP 81200695A EP 81200695 A EP81200695 A EP 81200695A EP 0043158 A1 EP0043158 A1 EP 0043158A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
sound transducer
arrangement
arrangement according
measurement signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81200695A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0043158B1 (fr
Inventor
Hermann Dr. Dipl.-Math. Schomberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0043158A1 publication Critical patent/EP0043158A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0043158B1 publication Critical patent/EP0043158B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/895—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum
    • G01S15/8954—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum using a broad-band spectrum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
    • G01N29/0645—Display representation or displayed parameters, e.g. A-, B- or C-Scan
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
    • G01N29/343—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics pulse waves, e.g. particular sequence of pulses, bursts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4463—Signal correction, e.g. distance amplitude correction [DAC], distance gain size [DGS], noise filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
    • G01S7/52025—Details of receivers for pulse systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture

Definitions

  • Such an arrangement is already known from US-PS 38 81 466 [1]. It has a line of sound transducer elements with which sound waves can be generated and received. Different groups of adjacent sound transducer elements are briefly actuated in succession to generate a sound beam by means of a control circuit and the incoming switching echo pulses are measured, so that the body is scanned in this way. An electronic unit can then be used to reconstruct a cross-sectional image of the body from these sound echo pulses, for example by displaying the measured sound echo pulses after analog preprocessing as a function of the location of the respective receiver and their duration, as a flat brightness distribution, the brightness depends on the amplitude of the sound echo pulses. Arrangements of this type are usually referred to as B-scan arrangements.
  • the ultrasound examination arrangement is designed so that in the electronic device the frequency spectra are processed in accordance with the integral equation which describes the propagation of the sound waves scattered at the potential V (r ', ⁇ ) to determine the functions f ( ) and G( ) that describe the internal structure of the body, where G ( - ⁇ ) Green's function for the differential operator ⁇ 2 + ⁇ ( , ⁇ ) the sum of the frequency spectra Co
  • the arrangement can advantageously be used when examining bodies in which there are no excessively large jumps in impedance.
  • the arrangement is particularly suitable for breast examinations for breast cancer detection and diagnosis, for examining the abdomen and in some cases also for material testing.
  • the sound transducer arrangement 3 is acoustically coupled to the body 2 via a sound coupling medium 5, for example water, which is located within a space delimited by an elastic film 6 which is fluid-tightly connected to the sound transducer arrangement 3.
  • the Y, Z plane of a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system XYZ lies in the plane of the sound transducer elements 4, the Y axis running in the direction of the matrix rows and the X axis perpendicular to the matrix plane in the direction of the body 2.
  • the sound transducer arrangement here is designed two-dimensionally and in each case for transmitting and receiving sound waves running in the same direction.
  • the transducer assembly can be used in other suitable ways, e.g. be in the form of a line or in such a way that it is suitable for emitting and receiving sound waves running in different directions, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the internal structure of the body 2 is determined by means of the ultrasound examination arrangement in such a way that an almost flat sound wave ⁇ I ( , t) is radiated into the body 2, for example by stimulating all the transducer elements 4 simultaneously.
  • the radiated sound wave ⁇ I ( , t) must be as pulse-shaped as possible so that its frequency spectrum is as broadband as possible.
  • the incident sound wave ⁇ I ( , t) be at least approximately a delta function when r is a function of t.
  • the frequency c ⁇ as an independent variable when determining e.g. the three-dimensional inner body structure can be used by means of a two-dimensional transducer arrangement.
  • the center frequency could be between 0.5 and 1.5 MHz.
  • the function A (w) is known or can be determined by measuring ⁇ I ( , t) and Fourier transformation can be determined.
  • the scattered sound wave can be in the shape are written, where ⁇ S ( , ⁇ ) represents the frequency spectrum of the scattered sound wave.
  • the electrical measurement signal generated with the aid of the transducer elements 4 can then be in the form write, where B (w) is called the frequency-dependent transfer function and describes the reception properties of the transducer elements.
  • B ( ⁇ ) is known or can also be determined by suitable measurement (cf. [8], p. 181 ff.).
  • the division according to equation (11) is preferably carried out so that the frequency spectrum S (r ij , ⁇ 1 ) is multiplied by the reciprocal of a correction factor C ijl , which represents, for example, the product A ( ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ B ( ⁇ 1 ).
  • a correction factor C ijl represents, for example, the product A ( ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ B ( ⁇ 1 ).
  • indexing (i, j, 1) should be avoided for reasons of clarity.
  • the generation of the frequency spectrum ⁇ S ( , ⁇ ) from the measurement signal S ( , t) is described in FIG. 3 and will be explained in more detail later.
  • the inner body structure can be determined from this.
  • the goal is to find the integral equation (1) for the potential V ( , ⁇ ), ie to find functions f and g (Eq. (4) and (5)), so that equation (3) satisfies the integral equation (1). If, for example, the function f has been determined, the real refractive index n () can be derived from equations (4) and (6). ) and the extinction coefficient k ( ) determine.
  • the ultrasound examination arrangement has the measurement signal paths M shown in FIG. 3 (based on an indexing (i, j) of the location vectors be omitted here for simplicity).
  • each of the sound transducer elements 4 must be connected to its own measuring signal path M of this type.
  • a so-called scanning operation is also possible, in which several measurement cycles are carried out and after each emitted flat sound wave ⁇ I ( , t) different groups of sound transducer elements 4 are switched to receive. This is advantageous since the number of measurement signal paths M and thus the circuit complexity of such an ultrasound examination arrangement can be reduced.
  • a measurement signal path M on which the measurement signal rt) can be processed in real time has, for example, a sound transducer element 4, with the aid of which both sound waves ⁇ I ( , t) can be transmitted as well as received ( ⁇ S ( , t)), and which has suitable transmission properties for the transmission of pulse-shaped sound waves with a broadband frequency spectrum.
  • the sound transducer element 4 is connected to a switch 7, which sends sound waves from the measuring beam path M separates and electrically connects to a transmitter 8, which supplies the necessary electrical signals for the pulse-shaped excitation of the sound transducer element 4.
  • the sound transducer element 4 For the further processing of the electrical measurement signal supplied by the sound transducer element 4 S ( , t) that the received sound wave ⁇ S ( , t) corresponds, on the other hand, the sound transducer element 4 is connected via the switch 7 to an amplifier 9 which transmits the measurement signal ( , t) amplified in proportion to the transit time of the sound waves in the body 4, so that measurement signals in this way S '( , t) arise with at least approximately the same signal strength (see [2], Chapter 6).
  • the ultrasound examination arrangement according to the invention can thus contain, for example, a B-scan examination arrangement or can be provided as a supplement to it.
  • the output of the amplifier 9 is connected to a sampling circuit 10, which has a bandpass filter 11 for limiting the bandwidth of the measurement signal S '( , t) contains approximately half the sampling frequency of the subsequent analog-digital converter 12, which also belongs to the sampling circuit 10. This is necessary so that the Nyquist condition is met (see, for example, [8], p. 148 ff.).
  • the analog-to-digital converter 12 then samples the measurement signal limited in its bandwidth S "( , t) to determine its instantaneous values, for example with a sampling frequency of 2 ... 5 MHz, and digitally represents the sampled instantaneous values, r, t). At a sampling frequency of 2 MHz, the sampling interval is 500 ns.
  • the resolution of the analog-digital converter 12 is 12 bits or more, whereby the amplification (amplifier 9) of the measurement signal which has been carried out beforehand ensures that all instantaneous values can be sampled with almost the same relative accuracy.
  • a converter 13 connects to the output of the analog-digital converter 12 or the sampling circuit 10 and converts the format of the digitized measurement signal S '''(r, t) from the fixed-point display, in which it leaves the analog-digital converter 12, to the floating-point display, which can also be done in 500 ns per sampling point. This ensures that after a multiplier 14 connected to the converter 13, in which the measurement signal S '''( , t) is multiplied by the reciprocal of the amplification factor of the amplifier 9, all instantaneous values of the measurement signal thus obtained S '''' ( , t) can be represented digitally with the same relative accuracy.
  • the reciprocal of the gain factor can, for example, be stored in a memory 14a connected to the multiplier 14.
  • the output of the multiplier 14 is connected to a Fourier transformation circuit 15. With their help, the measurement signal S '''' ( , t) a Fourier-transformed measurement signal S ( , ⁇ ) obtained. This is followed by multiplication of the Fourier-transformed measurement signal in a multiplication element 16 which is connected to the Fourier transformation circuit 15 S ( , ⁇ ) with the reciprocal of the correction factor A ( ⁇ ) ⁇ B ( ⁇ ) to generate the frequency spectrum ⁇ S ( , ⁇ ).
  • the reciprocal of the correction factor is stored, for example, in the memory 16a connected to the multiplier 16.
  • the frequency spectrum ⁇ S ( , ⁇ ) is then processed to determine the internal body structure in the electronic device 21 (FIG. 4).
  • the Fourier transformation itself can also be carried out in real time.
  • the signal length of the measurement signal is selected, for example, to 512 sampling points.
  • a prerequisite for such processing of the measurement signals is the use of so-called "pipeline FFT processors", which are described in [5], Chap. 10, are described in more detail.
  • 10g 2 512 9 "butterfly processors" (cf. [5], chap. 10) per pipeline FFT processor must be connected in series. Your cycle time should correspond to the cycle time of the elements 12, 13 etc.
  • half of the "Pipeline FFT processors” can be saved (cf. [10], Chapter 3), so that two measurement beam paths each M only a Fourier transform circuit 15 is required.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the entire ultrasound examination arrangement.
  • the elements which correspond to the elements of FIGS. 1 and 3 are provided with the same reference numbers.
  • 3 again designates the sound transducer arrangement, of which, however, only one row of sound transducer elements 4 is shown.
  • the electrical signals generated by the transmitter 8 can be distributed via a distributor 17 such that all sound transducer elements 4 emit sound waves simultaneously. With the help of the switch 7, the sound transducer elements 4 can then be selected, the measurement signals of which are on the existing measurement signal paths M should be distributed.
  • Switches 7 and distributors 17 can be designed, for example, as integrated modules (cf. [6]).
  • the transducer arrangement 3 can be essential have more transducer elements 4 per line, for example 128.
  • the number of lines can also be very large, for example 16, 32 or 64. It then depends on the number of measurement signal paths M present, how often all sound transducer elements 4 have to be excited at the same time.
  • the measurement signals present at the output of the amplifier 9 can S '( , t) can be used to determine a conventional B-scan.
  • the outputs of the amplifiers 9 are connected to a B-scan processing circuit 19, which in turn can be controlled by the control unit 18 and is connected to a monitor 20 for displaying the B-scan.
  • the outputs of the division elements 16 are connected to an electronic unit 21, which uses the frequency spectra ⁇ S ( , ⁇ ) determines the internal structure of the body 4, which can also be displayed on the monitor 20.
  • the electronic unit 21 has mass memory 22 for recording the per measurement signal path M. resulting data and a computing unit 23 for calculating the body structure from the data according to the above-mentioned type.
  • the elements 11 to 16 are controlled by means of the unit 18.
  • the computing unit 23 can be, for example, a conventional Hini- or microcomputer, but can also be supplemented by a parallel field computer, as described, for example, in [7].
  • the sound transducer arrangement 3 shown in FIG. 5 a has sound transducer elements 4 which are arranged in a matrix in one plane. They are suitable for both sending and receiving sound waves.
  • the sound transducer elements 4 have relatively broadband transmission properties for processing pulse-shaped signals. They are also surrounded by a so-called guard converter 4a, which is also in the matrix plane and which is controlled at the same time as the sound converter elements 4 for emitting sound waves.
  • the guard converter 4a ensures that the sound wave field generated by the sound converter elements 4 becomes particularly flat.
  • the front of the sound transducer arrangement 3a is covered with an elastic film 6, between which and the sound transducer arrangement 3a a sound coupling medium 5, e.g. Water.
  • a sound coupling medium e.g. Water.
  • the body 4 to be examined can also be acoustically coupled to the sound transducer arrangement 3a via a contact gel, without the need for such a film.
  • the sound transducer arrangement 3 can also be arranged in a tank 24 which can be filled with a sound coupling medium and can represent, for example, a side wall or the bottom of the tank 24 (which is the guard transducer 4a) not shown here for the sake of clarity).
  • the tank 24 consists, for example, of a rectangular, trough-like container, one side or the bottom of which is formed by the sound transducer arrangement 3 and into which the body to be examined can be inserted from above through an opening.
  • the tank 24 can be arranged rotatable about an axis 25 or pivotable about the body.
  • a sound transducer arrangement can also consist of only a single row 26 of sound transducer elements 27, which is surrounded by a guard transducer 28, FIG. 5c.
  • the line 26 is arranged on the bottom of the tank 24 and can be moved perpendicular to the line direction.
  • such a line can also be arranged on a side wall of the tank 24 in a corresponding manner, e.g. with their line direction lying perpendicular to the elongated axis of rotation 25.
  • a plurality of sound transducer arrangements arranged around the elongated axis 25 can also be located in the tank 24.
  • 5d shows four sound transducer arrangements 3a-d, for example, which form the four side walls of the tank 24.
  • the sound transducer elements 4 of a sound transducer arrangement 3a can be excited at the same time to emit a flat sound wave, while the sound transducer elements 4 of all sound-sensing arrangements 3a-d are then switched to reception to determine measurement signals.
  • four matrix rows 26 arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 25 can also be controlled.
  • the bottom 29 of the tank 24 is additionally completely covered with a sound transducer arrangement according to FIG. 5b for emitting plane sound waves.
  • the sound transducer arrangement lying on the floor 29 for emitting plane sound waves can also consist of a single plate-shaped sound transmitter which completely covers the floor. To receive the sound waves, only the sound transducer elements located on the tank sides are switched on.
  • a sound transducer arrangement can also consist of a single sound transducer element 4 ', as shown in FIG. 5e, which is enlarged compared to the sound transducer elements 4, 27 and is possibly surrounded by a guard transducer 4b.
  • a sound transducer element 4 'could for example, be arranged to be displaceable relative to the body 4 by means of a mechanical guide device, e.g. inside the tank 24, the respective positions of the sound transducer element 4 'relative to one another being able to be determined simultaneously with the aid of the guide device.
  • a mechanical guide device e.g. inside the tank 24
  • the respective positions of the sound transducer element 4 'relative to one another being able to be determined simultaneously with the aid of the guide device.
  • such an element could be used instead of a matrix-line arrangement to scan a line of a body. To display the determined structure distribution of the body, however, the individual positions of the sound transducer element along the line are required, which are then supplied

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
EP81200695A 1980-07-02 1981-06-19 Appareil à exploration par ultrasons Expired EP0043158B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3024995 1980-07-02
DE19803024995 DE3024995A1 (de) 1980-07-02 1980-07-02 Ultraschall-untersuchungsanordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0043158A1 true EP0043158A1 (fr) 1982-01-06
EP0043158B1 EP0043158B1 (fr) 1985-09-11

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EP81200695A Expired EP0043158B1 (fr) 1980-07-02 1981-06-19 Appareil à exploration par ultrasons

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4409838A (fr)
EP (1) EP0043158B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5749439A (fr)
DE (2) DE3024995A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0059785A1 (fr) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Applicateur pour ultrasons
EP0077585A1 (fr) * 1981-10-19 1983-04-27 Laboratoires D'electronique Et De Physique Appliquee L.E.P. Appareil d'exploration de milieux par échographie ultrasonore
EP0123427A2 (fr) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-31 Fujitsu Limited Caractérisation d'un milieu au moyen d'ultrasons
FR2554238A1 (fr) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-03 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'exploration de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
EP0154869A1 (fr) * 1984-02-23 1985-09-18 TERUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA trading as TERUMO CORPORATION Appareil de mesure à ultra-sons
FR2580818A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
FR2599507A1 (fr) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-04 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
EP0283854A1 (fr) * 1987-03-10 1988-09-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transducteur ultrasonore ayant un milieu de propagation medium

Families Citing this family (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5849140A (ja) * 1981-09-19 1983-03-23 株式会社東芝 超音波診断装置
US4470303A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-09-11 General Electric Company Quantitative volume backscatter imaging
US4562540A (en) * 1982-11-12 1985-12-31 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Diffraction tomography system and methods
JPS59218144A (ja) * 1983-05-26 1984-12-08 株式会社東芝 超音波診断装置
DE3329134C2 (de) * 1983-08-12 1985-06-20 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln Vorrichtung zur Messung von Querschnitten an Objekten, insbesondere an Körperteilen
FR2556844B1 (fr) * 1983-12-14 1987-11-13 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
JPS60183553A (ja) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-19 Hitachi Ltd アレイセンサによる超音波送受信方法
JPS6125535A (ja) * 1984-07-17 1986-02-04 アロカ株式会社 超音波診断装置
FR2579764B1 (fr) * 1985-03-29 1987-05-15 Labo Electronique Physique Procede et appareil d'exploration de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
FR2579763B1 (fr) * 1985-03-29 1987-04-10 Labo Electronique Physique Procede et appareil d'exploration de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
FR2579765B1 (fr) * 1985-03-29 1988-05-06 Labo Electronique Physique Procede et appareil d'exploration de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
US4893286A (en) * 1987-11-04 1990-01-09 Standard Oil Company System and method for preprocessing and transmitting echo waveform information
US4953147A (en) * 1987-11-04 1990-08-28 The Stnadard Oil Company Measurement of corrosion with curved ultrasonic transducer, rule-based processing of full echo waveforms
US4855911A (en) * 1987-11-16 1989-08-08 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Ultrasonic tissue characterization
DE4406385C1 (de) * 1994-02-26 1995-04-27 Blum Rainer Dr Ing Habil Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen zerstörungsfreien on-line Bestimmung von Qualitätseigenschaften von plattenförmigen Bauteilen und Anordnung von Ultraschall-Radköpfen
CA2309916C (fr) 1997-11-14 2007-10-09 Colorado Seminary Systeme par ultrasons de classement de la viande
US7806827B2 (en) * 2003-03-11 2010-10-05 General Electric Company Ultrasound breast screening device
JPWO2006006460A1 (ja) * 2004-07-08 2008-04-24 株式会社日立メディコ 超音波撮像装置
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Cited By (15)

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EP0059785A1 (fr) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Applicateur pour ultrasons
EP0077585A1 (fr) * 1981-10-19 1983-04-27 Laboratoires D'electronique Et De Physique Appliquee L.E.P. Appareil d'exploration de milieux par échographie ultrasonore
EP0123427A3 (en) * 1983-03-23 1987-05-20 Fujitsu Limited Ultrasonic medium characterization
EP0123427A2 (fr) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-31 Fujitsu Limited Caractérisation d'un milieu au moyen d'ultrasons
FR2554238A1 (fr) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-03 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'exploration de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
EP0140450A2 (fr) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-08 Laboratoires D'electronique Et De Physique Appliquee L.E.P. Procédé et appareil d'exploration de milieux par échographie ultrasonore
EP0140450A3 (en) * 1983-10-28 1985-06-19 Laboratoires D'electronique Et De Physique Appliquee L.E.P. Method and apparatus for scanning media by ultrasonic echography
EP0154869A1 (fr) * 1984-02-23 1985-09-18 TERUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA trading as TERUMO CORPORATION Appareil de mesure à ultra-sons
US4646748A (en) * 1984-02-23 1987-03-03 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic measurement method, and apparatus therefor
EP0202694A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-11-26 Laboratoires D'electronique Philips Appareil d'examen de milieux par échographie ultrasonore
FR2580818A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
FR2599507A1 (fr) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-04 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par echographie ultrasonore
EP0249265A1 (fr) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-16 Laboratoires D'electronique Philips Appareil d'examen de milieux par échographie ultrasonore
EP0283854A1 (fr) * 1987-03-10 1988-09-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transducteur ultrasonore ayant un milieu de propagation medium
US4901729A (en) * 1987-03-10 1990-02-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic probe having ultrasonic propagation medium

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DE3172222D1 (en) 1985-10-17
US4409838A (en) 1983-10-18
EP0043158B1 (fr) 1985-09-11
DE3024995A1 (de) 1982-01-28

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