EP0041464B1 - Slidable thrust bearing for rolling mills - Google Patents
Slidable thrust bearing for rolling mills Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0041464B1 EP0041464B1 EP81420075A EP81420075A EP0041464B1 EP 0041464 B1 EP0041464 B1 EP 0041464B1 EP 81420075 A EP81420075 A EP 81420075A EP 81420075 A EP81420075 A EP 81420075A EP 0041464 B1 EP0041464 B1 EP 0041464B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- carriage
- stop
- rear end
- rolling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
- B21B25/02—Guides, supports, or abutments for mandrels, e.g. carriages or steadiers; Adjusting devices for mandrels
Definitions
- the bar on which the drilled blank is fitted is released axially from the rolling mill, with its carriage, then separated from the stop, to be recycled to a new drilling operation after having been stripped of the blank, which continues its manufacturing cycle.
- the present invention aims to reduce this dead time to achieve a gain in production, while meeting the obligations to align, move the bar and allow its rotation during the drilling operation.
- this is achieved by mounting the clamp so that it is no longer rotatable, but made integral with the carriage, and by replacing the positive connection between the rotary stop and the bar by a simple contact between the faces in look of the stop and the bar allowing a lateral ejection of the bar relative to the stop without prior axial clearance.
- the bar and the stop are in contact by faces, at least one of which is a surface of revolution, and in particular a plane.
- faces at least one of which is a surface of revolution, and in particular a plane.
- the invention also avoids the use of means such as fork or central ejection bar necessary in the prior art to eject the bar, hence a simplification of equipment.
- the bar comprises a notch to receive the jaws of the clamp; these jaws are applied in the notch with a radial clearance to allow the bar to rotate relative to the jaws; in addition, they are applied in the notch with an axial clearance, so that they are used to maintain the bearing end of the bar in the immediate vicinity of the stop grain of the carriage only during the phases of translation of that here, that is to say when the bar is introduced axially into the rolling mill before the start of the drilling operation and then when the bar is extracted axially out of the rolling mill once the drilling is finished.
- the product entrained by the cylinders of the piercing rolling mill makes contact with the drilling tip secured to the bar, and can push the assembly with force against the stop grain of the carriage prior rotation; drilling begins immediately, and the development of axial reactions on the resulting bar has the effect of applying this forcefully on the stop grain, resulting in an almost immediate rotation of the bar under the effect conjugate of the product which turns and the grain of stopper put in rotation beforehand.
- the stop grain is sufficiently massive so that the heat released during the very brief period of making contact is for the most part absorbed by the mass of the grain and does not cause too great a temperature rise at the level of the contact. .
- the device shown in the figures comprises a carriage 1 which carries a clamp 2 and a stop 3.
- the carriage is movable by translation, in a direction parallel to the axis XX 'of the piercing mill (the latter not shown and being hand-held right), displacement obtained for example by means of a 4-rack pinion system 5, the pinion being rotationally controlled by a motor (not shown).
- This drive system known per se is not limiting, and the invention is not concerned with the details of the carriage drive means.
- the clamp 2 as shown in more detail in FIG. 2, comprises two arms 6 and 7 articulated around a pivot 8, itself fixed to a transverse partition 9 arranged in a housing formed in the front part 10 of the carriage 1.
- Cylinders 11 and 12 articulated around pivots 13 and 14 integral with the partition 9 control the movement of the arms 6 and 7 of the clamp, by means of rods 15 and 16 connected to the ends of the arms by pivots 17 and 18. It is thus possible by remotely controlling the jacks by known means, to cause the clamp to close in the position which is shown in FIG. 2 or, on the contrary, its opening by rotation of the arms 6 and 7 in opposite directions around the pivot 8, as shown by the arrows.
- the jaws 19 and 20 of the two arms of the clamp engage in a notch 21 of the piercing bar 22 with a radial clearance e of the order of 2 mm and an axial clearance k of the order of 5 to 10 mm.
- the invention is not limited to a particular type of clamp.
- the stop 3 is rotated on the carriage, about the axis X'X, by means of a motor 23 carried by the carriage or independent.
- the axial clearance k of the clamp is designed to allow the contact face 24 to separate the stop face from the stop grain and the rear end face 25 of the bar.
- the bar carries a piercing bulb 26.
- At least one of these faces is preferably a surface of revolution, and in particular a plane, to facilitate lateral clearance as much as possible without axial displacement of the bar, during the change of helm.
- the two faces 24 and 25 are planes.
- the stop is rotated at a speed of 1000 to 1500 rpm, preferably chosen slightly lower than the theoretical speed of the bar in operation, for example 90% thereof, so that the friction between bar and stop , when they come into contact, only cause acceptable overheating.
- the bar comes into contact with the stop not because of a positive bond, as in the prior art, but under the effect of rolling reactions during drilling.
- the clamp prevents the leak under shock at the time of contact; it subsequently provides clearance from the rolling mill, once drilling has been completed.
- blocking means not described, but well known to those skilled in the art, are used to wedge the carriage 1 in the rolling position during the period when the bar 22 is in abutment on the stop 3.
- These means have a retractable shim controlled by a jack which comes to bear on the rear of the carriage to prevent it from moving back.
- the device also includes, as known devices, not shown, units for guiding the bar, between the carriage and the piercing rolling mill, as well as the means for lateral evacuation of the bar and the blank which surrounds it, once the drilling done, and the means for introducing the bar intended for the next drilling.
- the device previously described made it possible to pass the time, between two drilling operations, from 12 to 15 s to 6 to 7 s , or a time saving of 6 to 8s, representing an overall productivity increase of around 25%.
- the assembly consisting of the piercing bulb and the bar can weigh 350 to 1,800 kg, the total mass of the carriage being 6,000 kg, and that of the stopper grain proper from 9.5 to 11.5 kg .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne les techniques de laminoir, notamment de laminoir perceur, pour la transformation d'un bloc plein en une ébauche tubulaire au moyen d'un laminoir, dans lesquelles on utilise une barre portant une tête de perçage pour pousser cette tête dans le bloc afin de le transformer en un tube creux. Pendant le perçage, la barre de perçage doit être:
- - maintenue dans l'axe du laminoir perceur,
- - entraînée en rotation sur elle-même,
- - déplaçable en direction du laminoir perceur.
- - kept in line with the piercing rolling mill,
- - driven in rotation on itself,
- - movable in the direction of the piercing rolling mill.
Pour ce faire, il est connu d'associer à la barre une butée, d'une part, et une pince, d'autre part, les mors de la pince étant en appui dans une échancrure latérale de la barre dont l'extrémité arrière est encastrée dans la butée, l'ensemble constitué par la pince et la butée étant porté par un chariot mobile en translation suivant l'axe du laminoir perceur, ledit ensemble étant en outre entraîné en rotation sur lui-même à une vitesse sensiblement égale, quoique toujours inférieure à la vitesse de rotation du produit; une roue libre, prévue dans la commande de rotation, permet à l'ensemble d'adopter sans difficulté la vitesse réelle imposée par le produit pendant l'opération de perçage.To do this, it is known to associate with the bar a stop, on the one hand, and a clamp, on the other hand, the jaws of the clamp being supported in a lateral notch of the bar whose rear end is embedded in the stop, the assembly constituted by the clamp and the abutment being carried by a carriage movable in translation along the axis of the piercing mill, said assembly being furthermore driven in rotation on itself at a substantially equal speed, although still less than the speed of rotation of the product; a free wheel, provided in the rotation control, allows the assembly to easily adopt the actual speed imposed by the product during the drilling operation.
A la fin d'une opération de perçage, la barre sur laquelle est emmanchée l'ébauche percée est dégagée axialement du laminoir, avec son chariot, puis désolidarisée de la butée, pour être recyclée vers une nouvelle opération de perçage après avoir été dépouillée de l'ébauche, qui poursuit son cycle de fabrication.At the end of a drilling operation, the bar on which the drilled blank is fitted is released axially from the rolling mill, with its carriage, then separated from the stop, to be recycled to a new drilling operation after having been stripped of the blank, which continues its manufacturing cycle.
Pour désolidariser la barre, équipée de son ébauche, de la butée, il est nécessaire de la déplacer axialement par rapport à la butée afin de dégager l'encastrement, déplacement pendant lequel le laminoir n'est pas utilisable.To separate the bar, equipped with its blank, from the stop, it is necessary to move it axially relative to the stop in order to release the embedding, movement during which the rolling mill cannot be used.
La présente invention vise à diminuer ce temps mort pour réaliser un gain de production, tout en satisfaisant aux obligations d'aligner, de déplacer la barre et de permettre sa rotation pendant l'opération de perçage.The present invention aims to reduce this dead time to achieve a gain in production, while meeting the obligations to align, move the bar and allow its rotation during the drilling operation.
On y parvient, selon l'invention, en montant la pince de façon qu'elle ne soit plus rotative, mais rendue solidaire du chariot, et en remplaçant la liaison positive entre la butée rotative et la barre par un simple contact entre les faces en regard de la butée et de la barre permettant une éjection latérale de la barre par rapport à la butée sans dégagement axial préalable.According to the invention, this is achieved by mounting the clamp so that it is no longer rotatable, but made integral with the carriage, and by replacing the positive connection between the rotary stop and the bar by a simple contact between the faces in look of the stop and the bar allowing a lateral ejection of the bar relative to the stop without prior axial clearance.
De préférence, la barre et la butée sont en contact par des faces dont l'une au moins est une surface de révolution, et en particulier un plan. On peut ainsi réduire par exemple de 6 à 8 s le temps nécessaire à un changement de barre.Preferably, the bar and the stop are in contact by faces, at least one of which is a surface of revolution, and in particular a plane. We can thus reduce for example from 6 to 8 s the time necessary for a change of bar.
L'invention permet en outre d'éviter l'utilisation des moyens tels que fourchette ou barre d'éjection centrale nécessaires dans la technique antérieure pour éjecter la barre, d'où une simplification de matériel.The invention also avoids the use of means such as fork or central ejection bar necessary in the prior art to eject the bar, hence a simplification of equipment.
Dans la technique de l'invention, la barre comporte une échancrure pour recevoir les mors de la pince; ces mors sont appliqués dans l'échancrure avec un jeu radial pour permettre la rotation de la barre par rapport aux mors; de plus, ils sont appliqués dans l'échancrure avec un jeu axial, de sorte qu'ils ne servent à maintenir l'extrémité d'appui de la barre au voisinage immédiat du grain de butée du chariot que pendant les phases de translation de celui-ci, c'est-à-dire lorsque la barre est introduite axialement dans le laminoir avant le début de l'opération de perçage et ensuite lorsque la barre est extraite axialement hors du laminoir une fois le perçage terminé.In the technique of the invention, the bar comprises a notch to receive the jaws of the clamp; these jaws are applied in the notch with a radial clearance to allow the bar to rotate relative to the jaws; in addition, they are applied in the notch with an axial clearance, so that they are used to maintain the bearing end of the bar in the immediate vicinity of the stop grain of the carriage only during the phases of translation of that here, that is to say when the bar is introduced axially into the rolling mill before the start of the drilling operation and then when the bar is extracted axially out of the rolling mill once the drilling is finished.
Ainsi, dès le début de l'opération de perçage, le produit entraîné par les cylindres du laminoir perceur prend contact avec la pointe de perçage solidaire de la barre, et peut repousser l'ensemble avec force contre le grain de butée du chariot mis en rotation préalable; le perçage commence aussitôt, et le développement des réactions axiales sur la barre qui en résulte a pour effet d'appliquer celle-ci avec force sur le grain de butée, d'où une mise en rotation quasi immédiate de la barre sous l'effet conjugué du produit qui tourne et du grain de butée mis en rotation préalable. Compte tenu de la vitesse axiale du produit à percer (plusieurs décimètres par seconde), et de la faible distance qui sépare l'extrémité de la barre du grain d'appui (quelques centimètres), cette phase est extrêmement brève et tout se passe en pratique, du point de vue des résultats du laminage, comme si la mise en rotation de la barre était instantanée. De préférence, le grain de butée est suffisamment massif pour que la chaleur dégagée pendant la durée très brève de la prise de contact soit en majeure partie absorbée par la masse du grain et n'entraîne pas une trop grande élévation de température au niveau du contact.Thus, from the start of the drilling operation, the product entrained by the cylinders of the piercing rolling mill makes contact with the drilling tip secured to the bar, and can push the assembly with force against the stop grain of the carriage prior rotation; drilling begins immediately, and the development of axial reactions on the resulting bar has the effect of applying this forcefully on the stop grain, resulting in an almost immediate rotation of the bar under the effect conjugate of the product which turns and the grain of stopper put in rotation beforehand. Given the axial speed of the product to be drilled (several decimeters per second), and the short distance between the end of the bar and the support grain (a few centimeters), this phase is extremely brief and everything takes place in practical, from the point of view of the rolling results, as if the rotation of the bar was instantaneous. Preferably, the stop grain is sufficiently massive so that the heat released during the very brief period of making contact is for the most part absorbed by the mass of the grain and does not cause too great a temperature rise at the level of the contact. .
On décrira ci-après une réalisation du dispositif de butée de barre de perceur conforme à l'invention pour laminoir perceur à recyclage de barre, en référence aux figures du dessin joint, sur lequel:
- la fig. 1 est une vue axiale longitudinale schématique du dispositif, et
- la fig. 2 est une vue schématique agrandie en coupe transversale suivant A-A de la fig. 1.
- fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal axial view of the device, and
- fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view in cross section along AA of FIG. 1.
Le dispositif représenté sur les figures comprend un chariot 1 qui porte une pince 2 et une butée 3. Le chariot est déplaçable par translation, suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe XX' du laminoir perceur (ce dernier non représenté et se trouvant à main droite), déplacement obtenu par exemple au moyen d'un système pignon 4-crémaillère 5, le pignon étant à rotation commandée par un moteur (non représenté). Ce système d'entraînement en soi connu n'est pas limitatif, et l'invention n'est pas concernée par les détails des moyens d'entraînement du chariot.The device shown in the figures comprises a
La pince 2, comme le montre de façon plus détaillée la fig. 2, comporte deux bras 6 et 7 articulés autour d'un pivot 8, lui-même fixé à une cloison transversale 9 disposée dans un logement ménagé dans la partie avant 10 du chariot 1. Des vérins 11 et 12 articulés autour de pivots 13 et 14 solidaires de la cloison 9 commandent le déplacement des bras 6 et 7 de la pince, grâce à des tiges 15 et 16 reliées aux extrémités des bras par des pivots 17 et 18. Il est ainsi possible en commandant à distance les vérins par des moyens connus, de provoquer la fermeture de la pince dans la position qui est représentée à la fig. 2 ou, au contraire, son ouverture par rotation des bras 6 et 7 dans des sens opposés autour du pivot 8, comme le montrent les flèches. Dans la position de fermeture, les mors 19 et 20 des deux bras de la pince s'engagent dans une échancrure 21 de la barre de perçage 22 avec un jeu radial e de l'ordre de 2 mm et un jeu axial k de l'ordre de 5 à 10 mm.The
L'invention n'est pas limitée à un type de pince particulier. La butée 3 est entraînée en rotation sur le chariot, autour de l'axe X'X, au moyen d'un moteur 23 porté par le chariot ou indépendant. Le jeu axial k de la pince est conçu pour permettre de rapprocher jusqu'au contact ou de séparer la face de butée 24 du grain de butée et la face d'extrémité arrière 25 de la barre. A son autre extrémité, la barre porte une poire de perçage 26. Une au moins de ces faces est de préférence une surface de révolution, et en particulier un plan, pour faciliter au maximum le dégagement latéral sans déplacement axial de la barre, lors du changement de barre. Dans le cas de la fig. 1, les deux faces 24 et 25 sont des plans. La butée est entraînée en rotation à une vitesse de 1000 à 1500 tr/min, choisie de préférence légèrement inférieure à la vitesse théorique de la barre en régime, par exemple 90% de celle-ci, de sorte que les frottements entre barre et butée, au moment de leur entrée en contact, n'entraînent que des échauffements acceptables. La barre vient au contact de la butée non pas en raison d'une liaison positive, comme dans la technique antérieure, mais sous l'effet des réactions de laminage pendant le perçage. Lorsque la barre a été mise en place dans l'axe du perceur, par des moyens connus, et que le chariot est mû axialement pour amener la pointe de perçage en position convenable pour le perçage entre les deux cylindres du laminoir, la pince empêche la fuite sous le choc au moment du contact; elle assure ultérieurement le dégagement hors du laminoir, une fois le perçage terminé. Par ailleurs, des moyens de blocage non décrits, mais bien connus de l'homme de l'art, sont utilisés pour caler le chariot 1 en position de laminage pendant la période où la barre 22 est en appui sur la butée 3. Ces moyens comportent une cale escamotable commandée par vérin qui vient en appui sur l'arrière du chariot pour l'empêcher de reculer.The invention is not limited to a particular type of clamp. The
Le dispositif comporte également comme dispositifs connus, non représentés, des unités de guidage de la barre, entre le chariot et le laminoir perceur, ainsi que les moyens d'évacuation latérale de la barre et de l'ébauche qui l'entoure, une fois le perçage accompli, et les moyens d'introduction de la barre destinée au perçage suivant.The device also includes, as known devices, not shown, units for guiding the bar, between the carriage and the piercing rolling mill, as well as the means for lateral evacuation of the bar and the blank which surrounds it, once the drilling done, and the means for introducing the bar intended for the next drilling.
Dans le cas d'un laminoir perceur réalisant des ébauches de diamètre extérieur de l'ordre de 170 mm, le dispositif précédemment décrit a permis de faire passer le temps, entre deux opérations de perçage, de 12 à 15 s à 6 à 7 s, soit un gain de temps de 6 à 8s, représentant une augmentation de productivité globale de l'ordre de 25%.In the case of a piercing rolling mill making blanks with an outside diameter of the order of 170 mm, the device previously described made it possible to pass the time, between two drilling operations, from 12 to 15 s to 6 to 7 s , or a time saving of 6 to 8s, representing an overall productivity increase of around 25%.
A titre indicatif, l'ensemble constitué par la poire de perçage et la barre peut peser 350 à 1800 kg, la masse totale du chariot étant de 6000 kg, et celle du grain de butée proprement dit de 9,5 à 11,5 kg.As an indication, the assembly consisting of the piercing bulb and the bar can weigh 350 to 1,800 kg, the total mass of the carriage being 6,000 kg, and that of the stopper grain proper from 9.5 to 11.5 kg .
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite dans le cas particulier d'un laminoir perceur, elle recevra application au cas de tout laminoir ébaucheur élongateur et/ou finisseur, dans lequel on utilise une barre portant une tête de laminage et pour lequel se pose le même problème que celui exposé ici pour le laminoir perceur.Although the invention has been described in the particular case of a piercing rolling mill, it will be applied to the case of any roughing stretching and / or finishing rolling mill, in which a bar carrying a rolling head is used and for which the same problem as that exposed here for the piercing mill.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81420075T ATE7113T1 (en) | 1980-05-23 | 1981-05-19 | STOP SLIDE FOR A ROLLING MILL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8011526A FR2482877A1 (en) | 1980-05-23 | 1980-05-23 | DRILL ROLLER ROCKER AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME |
FR8011526 | 1980-05-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0041464A1 EP0041464A1 (en) | 1981-12-09 |
EP0041464B1 true EP0041464B1 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
Family
ID=9242272
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81420075A Expired EP0041464B1 (en) | 1980-05-23 | 1981-05-19 | Slidable thrust bearing for rolling mills |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4395897A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0041464B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5717308A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE7113T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1164252A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3163176D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES502378A0 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2482877A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX156245A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1152796B (en) * | 1982-06-17 | 1987-01-14 | Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa | SPINDLE HOLDER HEAD FOR CONTINUOUS LAMINATE WITH HOLDED SPINDLE |
DE3602523C1 (en) * | 1986-01-24 | 1986-12-18 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Abutment for a pipe rolling mill |
FR2604929B1 (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-12-02 | Vallourec | QUICK LOCKING DEVICE FOR HOLDING A ROTATING CHUCK |
ITMI20110573A1 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-10-08 | Danieli Off Mecc | SPINDLE DEVELOPMENT DEVICE FOR PIPE LAMINATION SYSTEM |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2024514A (en) * | 1933-03-25 | 1935-12-17 | Diescher Tube Mills Inc | Method and apparatus for making tubes |
DE686767C (en) * | 1937-10-23 | 1940-01-16 | Roehrenwerke Akt Ges Deutsche | Mandrel designed for inclined rolling mills for the production of tubes |
US2480381A (en) * | 1945-12-20 | 1949-08-30 | Nat Tube Co | Thrust bearing for seamless tube mills and the like |
US3722246A (en) * | 1970-04-10 | 1973-03-27 | Innocenti Soc Generale | Hot perforating mill |
US4037449A (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1977-07-26 | Aetna-Standard Engineering Company | Continuous flow plug mill system |
JPS5568105A (en) * | 1978-11-14 | 1980-05-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Mandrel recycle setter for pipe forming machine |
-
1980
- 1980-05-23 FR FR8011526A patent/FR2482877A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-05-18 JP JP7362081A patent/JPS5717308A/en active Granted
- 1981-05-19 DE DE8181420075T patent/DE3163176D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-19 AT AT81420075T patent/ATE7113T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-19 EP EP81420075A patent/EP0041464B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-20 MX MX187415A patent/MX156245A/en unknown
- 1981-05-20 US US06/265,485 patent/US4395897A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-05-21 ES ES502378A patent/ES502378A0/en active Granted
- 1981-05-22 CA CA000378075A patent/CA1164252A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0041464A1 (en) | 1981-12-09 |
JPS6139122B2 (en) | 1986-09-02 |
ES8203656A1 (en) | 1982-04-01 |
US4395897A (en) | 1983-08-02 |
FR2482877B1 (en) | 1983-06-24 |
JPS5717308A (en) | 1982-01-29 |
FR2482877A1 (en) | 1981-11-27 |
CA1164252A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
ATE7113T1 (en) | 1984-05-15 |
MX156245A (en) | 1988-07-28 |
ES502378A0 (en) | 1982-04-01 |
DE3163176D1 (en) | 1984-05-24 |
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