EP0040267B1 - Cooled turbine stator - Google Patents

Cooled turbine stator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040267B1
EP0040267B1 EP80200461A EP80200461A EP0040267B1 EP 0040267 B1 EP0040267 B1 EP 0040267B1 EP 80200461 A EP80200461 A EP 80200461A EP 80200461 A EP80200461 A EP 80200461A EP 0040267 B1 EP0040267 B1 EP 0040267B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide vane
vane carrier
guide
individual
comb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200461A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0040267A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Beckershoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority to AT80200461T priority Critical patent/ATE16035T1/en
Priority to DE8080200461T priority patent/DE3071161D1/en
Priority to EP80200461A priority patent/EP0040267B1/en
Priority to JP6351181A priority patent/JPS5710707A/en
Priority to US06/260,336 priority patent/US4386885A/en
Publication of EP0040267A1 publication Critical patent/EP0040267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040267B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040267B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/243Flange connections; Bolting arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/14Casings modified therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a guide vane carrier for a gas turbine according to the preamble of the claim.
  • the guide vane carriers in gas turbines take over the aerodynamic forces acting on the guide vanes and transmit them to the housing, the guide vane carriers being, however, not exposed to the typical boiler voltages as the machine housing at a relatively high intrinsic temperature.
  • guide vane carriers were formed as separate parts, which made it possible for them to expand freely due to their own temperature. They are arranged in a known manner in the housing in such a way that they are advantageously fixed and sealed in the cooler parts lying downstream.
  • a gas turbine of the type mentioned at the outset is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 2,618,120, in which the coolant is guided in cooling channels which are arranged in the circumferential direction and are used alternately as supply and discharge lines. These coolant channels are arranged on the surface, so that thermal stresses can occur in the individual shells of the guide vane carrier.
  • the cooling air for the blade carrier is conducted in a channel, which is formed on the one hand by the inner wall of the blade carrier and on the other hand by an additionally inserted channel wall. After exiting the duct, the cooling air enters a duct which is closed by a casing and which covers part of the blade carrier (CH-A-425 341).
  • a connection for the two halves of a guide vane carrier of a gas turbine has become known, in which tangential screwing elements are provided in the area of the parting plane of the two housing halves, which are supported on ribs-reinforced webs. These webs form abutments for the connecting bolts which have the same diameter over the entire length and which pass through eyes in the webs.
  • This design of the connecting bolts requires relatively large distances between the individual connecting bolts, in which reinforcing ribs are arranged. With such a design, however, bending moments can occur from the thermal stresses that occur.
  • the formation of the guide vane carrier with the tapping holes branching off from the coolant channels to the individual guide vanes enables a uniform and adjustable coolant flow, as a result of which the bending moment on the partial flange is reduced to a minimum as a result of residual heat stresses in the wall.
  • the guide vane carriers preferably have a separating surface in the horizontal plane, a partial surface screw connection must be provided, which must be designed in such a way that it does not diverge during operation as a result of the bending moments that result from thermal stresses.
  • the inventive comb profile-like design of the flange screw connection of the guide vane carrier enables the partial surface flange to be screwed together by means of screws which are located in slots which are open on one side.
  • the flange material delimiting the screw slots forms rib-like projections which form the comb profile in connection with the wall of the guide vane carrier. Since each slot only needs to have the width of the screw shaft, for example the expansion shaft of an expansion screw, which has a much smaller diameter than the threaded parts thereof, the comb pitch can be kept much smaller.
  • the open slots of the air flowing around the guide vane carrier and coming out of the compressor allow these parts to flow freely, as a result of which both the flange material and the fastening screws are heated evenly, so that the otherwise usual thermal stresses in the flange zone and the expansion of the screw shafts beyond the yield point be avoided.
  • the section modulus and the overall cross-section are reinforced by the comb profiles, the slots can be made so deep that they affect the sealing strip provided. It can thus be achieved that the moment of inertia in the area of the flange corresponds to the moment of inertia over the entire circumference of the shell.
  • the groove base of the slots is semicircular, which largely eliminates the notch effect, which has an advantageous effect, particularly in the case of comb profiles welded together from bleaching parts, as a wall transition which is largely defused with respect to the notch effect, and the removal of the penetration which occurs during welding is facilitated.
  • the expansion bolts are held in nut supports, each of which bridges a slot, these nut supports with their preferably round-shaped boundary surface lying in a groove provided in parallel with the flange surface and having a semicircular cross section.
  • the outer contour of the comb-like flange plates advantageously runs almost in a straight line and the comb section, which is based on a smooth wall, results in a thickness distribution in which the material accumulations are considerably smaller than those of the known flange contours. This applies both to the cross section itself and to the existing moments of resistance. The rugged cross-sectional transitions are also missing in such a design.
  • the inlet sections can be locked in the axial direction, in such a way that massive projections of the inlet section snap into the lugs arranged on the guide vane carrier.
  • the connecting elements to the coolant channels are simultaneously brought into a positive connection with the guide vane carrier.
  • 1 and 2, 1 denotes a guide vane carrier which has a conically shaped section 2 and a cylindrical section 3, the conical section 2 having the same angle of inclination essentially over its entire length.
  • guide lugs 4 are arranged which guide the guide vane carrier 1 in the machine housing (not shown).
  • the guide lugs 4 'additionally serve to limit displacements of a hot gas housing 5 with an intermediate jacket 6 and a rib 7 serves as a spacer between these two components 10 is arranged in the cylindrical portion 3 and in a nose 11 of a locking element 12. Hollow inlet segments 13 are also attached to the locking element 12.
  • the locking element 12 also serves to guide and seal the connection of the hot gas housing 5, as well as to guide the intermediate jacket 6 and a coolant passage 14 for introducing the inlet segment cooling medium, the holder of the inlet segments 13, the holder of the first guide vane row 10, and the guide of cooling medium connecting elements 15, which are arranged between the cooling medium passage 14 and the cooling channel system of the inlet segments 13.
  • cooling channels 16 are arranged, which are charged with coolant via inlet openings 17, or from which the heated coolant flows out via outlet openings 18.
  • the inlet 17 and outlet openings 18 are alternately adjacent to one another over the circumference arranged (see also Fig. 4 and 5).
  • the cooling channels 16 are connected to the cooling channel system of the guide vanes 9, 10 via connecting channels 19.
  • the cooling channels 16 can be closed at the high-pressure end of the guide vane carrier 1 when no inlet segments 13 need to be cooled. Since the cooling channels 16 alternately supply the guide vanes 9, 10 alone and the inlet segments 13 with cooling medium alternately over the circumference of the guide vane carrier 1, the cooling channel 16 is therefore also alternately closed in pairs, or this is free for the passage of coolant 14.
  • the arrows drawn in FIGS. 1 and 2 show the direction of flow of the cooling medium.
  • the inlet segment 13 can be, for example, an end piece of an annular combustion chamber.
  • the cross section through the guide vane carrier 1 according to FIG. 4 illustrates the alternating arrangement of the supply and discharge lines of the cooling channels 16, 16 '.
  • two guide blades 9 are fastened to a common base plate 22, distribution channels 29 being arranged in each base plate in such a way that they communicate with the connecting channels 19.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 From the top view of the guide vane carrier 1 is the arrangement of the inlet openings 17 and outlet openings 18 leading into and out of the guide vane carrier 1, which lead into the cooling channels 16 (not visible), clearly recognizable.
  • the guide lugs 4 are arranged between the inlet openings 17 and outlet openings 18.
  • the cylindrical section 3 with the lugs 4 'and coolant transfers indicated by arrows 23 to and from the (not shown) inlet segment 13 are shown.
  • Comb profile-like screw connections 24 are provided in the partial surface area of the guide vane carrier 1.
  • the cylindrical section 3 of the guide vane carrier 1 has slots 25 which cancel out the stiffening effect of the kink between the conical section 2 and the cylindrical section 3, as well as the associated bending moments on the flange screw connection in the event of temperature differences.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show details of the partial surface screw connection, again with 1 the wall of the guide vane carrier is designated, on which a flange 26 is arranged, which is tightened with fastening screws 27, preferably with expansion screws.
  • the flanges 26 are designed in such a way that the wall of the guide vane carrier 1 is designed in the manner of a comb profile in the area between the contact surfaces of the fastening screws 27, the outwardly open slots (according to FIGS. 9 and 10) being designed such that the expansion shafts of the expansion screws fill them whereby the threaded heads of the fastening screws 27 with nut supports 28 rest on the comb profiles 24.
  • the outer contour of the comb profiles 24 runs approximately in a straight line.
  • the nut supports 28 are provided under the nuts of the expansion screws 27, which have a cylindrical underside, which in turn is in a corresponding groove simultaneously form the notch-free transition from the flange combs to the general wall and secure the screws 27 together with nuts and nut supports 28 in the screwed state against slipping out of the slot 27 from the side. Since the cylindrical bearing surfaces permit rotary movements about their cylinder axes, this configuration becomes insensitive to an inclined position of the screws 27 at least in one plane and thus permits the approval of coarser manufacturing tolerances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

In order to improve cooling of an at least two-part guide vane support or carrier for gas turbines, at which deformations do not occur during any operating state and whose parting surface-connection flanges and connection elements are constructed such that they can withstand, essentially free of deformation, all bending moments resulting from the thermal stresses, it is proposed to design the cooling agent channels arranged within the wall of the guide vane support alternately over the circumference thereof as infeed lines or openings and/or outfeed lines or openings and containing connection channels leading to the individual guide vanes or blades. The guide vane support possesses an essentially conical configuration over its axial extent. At the guide vane support there are provided substantially comb-like slotted elements defining the parting surface-connection flanges and the individual comb-like slotted elements may comprise individual sheet metal members which are fixed, as by welding, to the guide vane support.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Leitschaufelträger für eine Gasturbine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches.The present invention relates to a guide vane carrier for a gas turbine according to the preamble of the claim.

Bei Gasturbinen, welche mit einem Arbeitsmittel mit hohem Druck und hoher Temperatur betrieben werden, ergeben sich die am häufigsten auftretenden Probleme an jenen Bauteilen, die den heissen Prozessgasen direkt ausgesetzt sind. Derartige Probleme sind im wesentlichen in der verminderten Festigkeit der Werkstoffe bei hohen Betriebstemperaturen und in erhöhter Korrosionsanfälligkeit dieser Teile zu sehen. Des weiteren treten hohe stationäre und instationäre Wärmespannungen an diesen Bauteilen auf, wodurch die Abdichtung unvermeidlicher Dehnungsspalte, welche je nach dem Betriebszustand, d.h. zwischen Anfahren und Abstellen der Gasturbine variieren könne, schwierig und eine leckagefreie Zu- und Abfuhr von Kühlmitteln problematisch wird.In gas turbines, which are operated with a working medium with high pressure and high temperature, the most frequently occurring problems arise on those components which are directly exposed to the hot process gases. Such problems can be seen essentially in the reduced strength of the materials at high operating temperatures and in the increased susceptibility to corrosion of these parts. Furthermore, high stationary and unsteady thermal stresses occur on these components, whereby the sealing of unavoidable expansion gaps, which, depending on the operating state, i.e. can vary between starting and stopping the gas turbine, difficult and a leak-free supply and discharge of coolants becomes problematic.

Die Leitschaufelträger in Gasturbinen übernehmen die auf die Leitschaufeln einwirkenden aerodynamischen Kräfte und leiten sie an das Gehäuse weiter, wobei die Leitschaufelträger bei relativ hoher Eigentemperatur aber nicht den typischen Kesselspannungen wie das Maschinengehäuse ausgestzt werden. Ferner wurden derartige Leitschaufelträger als separate Teile ausgebildet, wodurch ermöglicht wurde, dass sie sich aufgrund ihrer Eigentemperatur frei ausdehnen konnten. Sie werden in bekannter Weise so im Gehäuse angeordnet, dass sie vorteilhafterweise in den stromabwärts leigenden kühleren Partien fixiert und abgedichtet werden.The guide vane carriers in gas turbines take over the aerodynamic forces acting on the guide vanes and transmit them to the housing, the guide vane carriers being, however, not exposed to the typical boiler voltages as the machine housing at a relatively high intrinsic temperature. Furthermore, such guide vane carriers were formed as separate parts, which made it possible for them to expand freely due to their own temperature. They are arranged in a known manner in the housing in such a way that they are advantageously fixed and sealed in the cooler parts lying downstream.

Die ständige Erhöhung der Leistungen und Wirkungsgrade bei Gasturbinen wurde durch Steigerung der Betriebstemperaturen und Betriebsdrücke erreicht, wodurch die Kühlung immer schwieriger wurde, weil aufgrund des hohen Verdichterenddruckes die Verdichteraustrittstemperatur zur Kühlung der gefährdeten Teile bereits zu hoch ist, um noch als Kühlmittel wirksam zu sein.The constant increase in performance and efficiency in gas turbines was achieved by increasing the operating temperatures and operating pressures, which made cooling more and more difficult because, due to the high compressor end pressure, the compressor outlet temperature for cooling the endangered parts is already too high to still be effective as a coolant.

Eine Gasturbine der eingangs genannten Art ist beispielsweise aus der US-A-2 618 120 bekannt, bei welcher das Kühlmittel in Kühlkanälen geführt wird, die in Umfangsrichtung angeordnet sind und abwechselnd als Zu- und Ableitungen dienen. Diese Kühlmittelkanäle sind an der Oberfläche angeordnet, woduch in den einzelnen Schalen des Leitschaufelträgers Wärmespannungen auftreten können.A gas turbine of the type mentioned at the outset is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 2,618,120, in which the coolant is guided in cooling channels which are arranged in the circumferential direction and are used alternately as supply and discharge lines. These coolant channels are arranged on the surface, so that thermal stresses can occur in the individual shells of the guide vane carrier.

Bei einer weiterhin bekannten Gasturbine wird die Kühlluft für den Schaufelträger in einem Kanal, der einmal durch die Innenwand des Schaufelträgers und zum anderen durch eine zusätzlich eingesetzte Kanalwand gebildet wird, geleitet. Nach dem Austritt aus dem Kanal gelangt die Kühlluft in einen, durch eine Verschalung geschlossenen Kanal, der einen Teil des Schaufelträgers überdeckt (CH-A-425 341).In a gas turbine which is still known, the cooling air for the blade carrier is conducted in a channel, which is formed on the one hand by the inner wall of the blade carrier and on the other hand by an additionally inserted channel wall. After exiting the duct, the cooling air enters a duct which is closed by a casing and which covers part of the blade carrier (CH-A-425 341).

Ferner ist in der GB-A-510 672 eine Verbindung für die beiden Hälften eines Leitschaufelträgers einer Gasturbine bekannt geworden, bei welcher im Bereich der Trennebene der beiden Gehäusehälften tangentiale Verschraubungselemente vorgesehen sind, die sich auf durch Rippen verstärkten Stegen abstützen. Dabei bilden diese Stege Widerlager für die über die gesamte Länge einen gleichen Durchmesser aufweisende Verbindungsbolzen, die durch Augen in den Stegen hindurchreichen. Durch diese Ausbildung der Verbindungsbolzen sind zwischen den einzelnen Verbindungsbolzen relativ grosse Abstände erforderlich, in welchen Verstärkungsrippen angeordnet werden. Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung können jedoch aus den auftretenden Wärmespannungen Biegemomente auftreten.Furthermore, in GB-A-510 672 a connection for the two halves of a guide vane carrier of a gas turbine has become known, in which tangential screwing elements are provided in the area of the parting plane of the two housing halves, which are supported on ribs-reinforced webs. These webs form abutments for the connecting bolts which have the same diameter over the entire length and which pass through eyes in the webs. This design of the connecting bolts requires relatively large distances between the individual connecting bolts, in which reinforcing ribs are arranged. With such a design, however, bending moments can occur from the thermal stresses that occur.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen gekühlten Leitschaufelträger zu schaffen, bei welchem in keinem Betriebszustand Deformationen auftreten und dessen Teilflächen-flansche und Verschraubungen so ausgebildet sind, dass sie allen aus den Wärmespannungen resultierenden Biegemomenten verformungsfrei standhalten könne. Weiterhin soll dabei eine vollständig druckdichte, leckagefreie Kühlmittelverbindung zu und von den zu kühlenden Einzelteilen vorgesehen werden.It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooled guide vane carrier in which deformations do not occur in any operating state and the partial surface flanges and screw connections of which are designed so that they can withstand all bending moments resulting from the thermal stresses without deformation. Furthermore, a completely pressure-tight, leak-free coolant connection to and from the individual parts to be cooled should be provided.

Die vorgenannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss bei einem Leitschaufelträger der eingangs genannten Art nach dem Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in a guide vane carrier of the type mentioned at the outset.

Weitere mögliche Ausbildungsformen des Erfindungsgegenstandes gehen aus den abhängigen Unteransprüchen hervor.Further possible forms of training of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the dependent subclaims.

Die Ausbildung des Leitschaufelträgers mit den von den Kühlmittelkanälen abzweigenden Anzapfbohrungen zu den einzelnen Leitschaufeln ermöglicht eine gleichmässige und einstellbare Kühlmittelströmung, wodurch das Biegemoment am Teilflächenflansch infolge Restwärmespannungen in der Wand auf ein Minimum reduziert wird.The formation of the guide vane carrier with the tapping holes branching off from the coolant channels to the individual guide vanes enables a uniform and adjustable coolant flow, as a result of which the bending moment on the partial flange is reduced to a minimum as a result of residual heat stresses in the wall.

Da die Leitschaufelträger vorzugsweise in der Horizontalebene eine Trennfläche aufweisen, muss eine Teilflächenverschraubung vorgesehen werden, die so ausgebildet werden muss, dass ein Auseinanderklaffen während des Betriebes als Folge der auftretenden Biegemomente, die aus Wärmespannungen resultieren, verhindert wird.Since the guide vane carriers preferably have a separating surface in the horizontal plane, a partial surface screw connection must be provided, which must be designed in such a way that it does not diverge during operation as a result of the bending moments that result from thermal stresses.

Die erfindungsgemässe kammprofilartige Ausbildung der Flanschverschraubung des Leitschaufelträgers, wobei die Kammprofile durch Anschweissen einzelner Stege gebildet sein könne, ermöglicht es, dass der Teilflächenflansch mittels Schrauben, welche in einseitig offenen Schlitzen liegen, verschraubt werden kann. Das die Schraubenschlitze begrenzende Flanschmaterial bildet rippenartige Vorsprünge, welche in Verbindung mit der Wand des Leitschaufelträgers das Kammprofil bilden. Da jeder Schlitz nur jeweils die Breite des Schraubenschaftes, beispielsweise des Dehnschaftes einer Dehnschraube, welcher einen wesentlich geringeren Durchmesser als deren Gewindeteile aufweist, aufzuweisen braucht, kann die Kammteilung wesentlich kleiner gehalten werden. Des weiteren ermöglichen die offenen Schlitze der den Leitschaufelträger umströmenden, aus dem Verdichter kommenden Luft ein freies Umströmen dieser Teile, wodurch sowohl das Flanschmaterial als auch die Befestigungsschrauben gleichmässig aufgeheizt werden, so dass die sonst üblichen Wärmespannungen in der Flanschzone und die Ueberdehnung der Schraubenschäfte über die Streckgrenze hinaus vermieden werden. Da im Bereich der Schlitze das Widerstandsmoment und der Gesamtquerschnitt durch die Kammprofile verstärkt werden, können die Schlitze so tief ausgebildet werden, dass sie die vorgesehene Dichtleiste tangieren. Damit kann erreicht werden, dass das Trägheitsmoment im Bereich des Flansches dem Trägheitsmoment über den gesamten Schalenumfang entspricht. Der Nutengrund der Schlitze ist halbkreisförmig ausgebildet, wodurch die Kerbwirkung weitgehend eliminiert wird, was insbesondere bei aus Bleichteilen zusammengeschweissten Kammprofilen sich vorteilhaft als bezüglich der Kerbwirkung weitgehend entschärfter Wandübergang auswirkt, sowie die Beseitigung des beim Schweissen entstehenden Einbrandes erleichtert wird.The inventive comb profile-like design of the flange screw connection of the guide vane carrier, the comb profiles being able to be formed by welding individual webs, enables the partial surface flange to be screwed together by means of screws which are located in slots which are open on one side. The flange material delimiting the screw slots forms rib-like projections which form the comb profile in connection with the wall of the guide vane carrier. Since each slot only needs to have the width of the screw shaft, for example the expansion shaft of an expansion screw, which has a much smaller diameter than the threaded parts thereof, the comb pitch can be kept much smaller. Of Furthermore, the open slots of the air flowing around the guide vane carrier and coming out of the compressor allow these parts to flow freely, as a result of which both the flange material and the fastening screws are heated evenly, so that the otherwise usual thermal stresses in the flange zone and the expansion of the screw shafts beyond the yield point be avoided. Since in the area of the slots the section modulus and the overall cross-section are reinforced by the comb profiles, the slots can be made so deep that they affect the sealing strip provided. It can thus be achieved that the moment of inertia in the area of the flange corresponds to the moment of inertia over the entire circumference of the shell. The groove base of the slots is semicircular, which largely eliminates the notch effect, which has an advantageous effect, particularly in the case of comb profiles welded together from bleaching parts, as a wall transition which is largely defused with respect to the notch effect, and the removal of the penetration which occurs during welding is facilitated.

Die Dehnschrauben werden in Mutternauflagen gehalten, welche jeweils einen Schlitz überbrücken, wobei diese Mutternauflagen mit deren vorzugsweise rund ausgebildeter Begrenzungsfläche in einer zur Flanschfläche parallel vorgesehenen, einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Nut liegen.The expansion bolts are held in nut supports, each of which bridges a slot, these nut supports with their preferably round-shaped boundary surface lying in a groove provided in parallel with the flange surface and having a semicircular cross section.

Vorteilhafterweise verläuft bei einer Dimensionsierung gleicher Festigkeit die Aussenkontur der kammartig ausgebildeten Flanschbleche fast gerandlinig und die auf eine glatte Wand bezogene Kammpartie ergibt eine Dickenverteilung, bei welcher gegenüber den bekannten Flanschkonturen sich wesentlich geringere Materialanhäufungen ergeben. Dies gilt sowohl für den Querschnitt selbst, als auch für die vorhandenen Widerstandsmomente. Auch fehlen bei einer derartigen Ausbildung die schroffen Querschnittsübergänge.When dimensioning the same strength, the outer contour of the comb-like flange plates advantageously runs almost in a straight line and the comb section, which is based on a smooth wall, results in a thickness distribution in which the material accumulations are considerably smaller than those of the known flange contours. This applies both to the cross section itself and to the existing moments of resistance. The rugged cross-sectional transitions are also missing in such a design.

Gemäss der erfindungsgemässen Ausbildung der Leitschaufelträger sind an diesen die Einlaufpartien in axialer Richtung verriegelbar, und zwar in der Weise, dass massive Vorsprünge der Einlaufpartie im am Leitschaufelträger angeordneten Nasen einrasten. Beim axialen Aufschieben der Segmente werden gleichzeitig die Verbindungselemente zu den Kühlmittelkanälen in eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Leitschaufelträger gebracht. Durch diese Ausbildung ist gleichzeitig eine axiale Montage und Demontage der ersten Leitschaufelreihe der Gasturbine ohne Abdecken der Maschine möglich.According to the design of the guide vane carrier according to the invention, the inlet sections can be locked in the axial direction, in such a way that massive projections of the inlet section snap into the lugs arranged on the guide vane carrier. When the segments are pushed on axially, the connecting elements to the coolant channels are simultaneously brought into a positive connection with the guide vane carrier. With this design, axial assembly and disassembly of the first guide vane row of the gas turbine is possible at the same time without covering the machine.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes vereinfacht dargestellt. In den einzelnen Figuren sind gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezuguszahlen versehen.In the drawing, an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown in simplified form. In the individual figures, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Leitschaufelträger mit Kühlmedium-Einführung zu den Leitschaufeln und zur Einlaufpartie,
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Leitschaufelträger mit Kühlmediumaustritt aus den Leitschaufeln und der Einlaufpartie,
  • Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt durch einen konisch ausgebildeten Leitschaufelträger, ohne zylindrischen Teil,
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch den Leitschaufelträger entlang der Schnittlinie A-A in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf einen Leitschaufelträger mit Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen für das Kühlmedium,
  • Fig. 6 einen Querschnitt durch eine Teilflächen-Flanschverschraubung,
  • Fig. 7 ein Detail einer Schraubenanordnung in der Teilflächen-Flanschverschraubung gemäss Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 8 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Mutternauflage für die Schraubenanordnung gemäss Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht einer kammprofilartigen Teilflächen-Flanschverschraubung,
  • Fig. 10 eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung gemäss Fig. 9.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a guide vane carrier with cooling medium introduction to the guide vanes and to the inlet section,
  • 2 shows a longitudinal section through a guide vane carrier with cooling medium outlet from the guide vanes and the inlet section,
  • 3 shows a longitudinal section through a conical guide vane carrier, without a cylindrical part,
  • 4 shows a cross section through the guide vane carrier along the section line AA in FIG. 1,
  • 5 is a plan view of a guide vane carrier with inlet and outlet openings for the cooling medium,
  • 6 shows a cross section through a partial surface flange screw connection,
  • 7 shows a detail of a screw arrangement in the partial surface flange screw connection according to FIG. 6,
  • 8 is a perspective view of a nut rest for the screw arrangement according to FIG. 6,
  • 9 is a side view of a comb-shaped partial surface flange screw connection,
  • 10 is a plan view of the arrangement according to FIG. 9.

Gemäss den Fig. 1 und 2 ist mit 1 ein Leitschaufelträger bezeichnet, welcher eine konisch ausgebildete Partie 2 und eine zylindrische Partie 3 aufweist, wobei die konische Partie 2 im wesentlichen über ihre gesamte Länge denselben Neigungswinkel aufweist. An beiden Partien 2, 3 des Leitschaufelträgers 1 sind Fürhungsnasen 4 angeordnet, welche den Leitschaufelträger 1 im (nicht dargestellten) Maschinengehäuse führen. Die Führungsnasen 4' dienen noch zusätzlich zur Begrenzung von Verschiebungen eines Heissgasgehäuses 5 mit einem Zwischenmantel 6 und als Abstandshalterung zwischen diesen beiden Komponenten dient eine Rippe 7. Am Leitschaufelträger 1 sind in Verhängungen 8 der konischen Partie 2 Leitschaufeln 9 eingehängt, während eine erste hochdruckseitige Leitschaufelreihe 10 in der zylindrischen Partie 3 und in einer Nase 11 eines Verriegelungselementes 12 angeordnet ist. Am Verriegelungselement 12 sind weiterhin hohl ausgebildete Einlaufsegmente 13 befestigt. Das Verriegelungselement 12 dient ferner zur Führung und Abdichtung des Anschlusses des Heissgasgehäuses 5, sowie zur Führung des Zwischenmantels 6 und einen Kühlmediumdurchtritt 14 zur Einleitung des Einlaufsegment-Kühlmediums, der Halterung der Einlaufsegmente 13, der Halterung der ersten Leitschaufelreihe 10, sowie der Führung von Kühlmediumverbindungselementen 15, welche zwischen dem Kühlmedium-durchtritt 14 und dem Kuhlkanalsystem der Einlaufsegmente 13 angeordnet sind.1 and 2, 1 denotes a guide vane carrier which has a conically shaped section 2 and a cylindrical section 3, the conical section 2 having the same angle of inclination essentially over its entire length. On both parts 2, 3 of the guide vane carrier 1 guide lugs 4 are arranged which guide the guide vane carrier 1 in the machine housing (not shown). The guide lugs 4 'additionally serve to limit displacements of a hot gas housing 5 with an intermediate jacket 6 and a rib 7 serves as a spacer between these two components 10 is arranged in the cylindrical portion 3 and in a nose 11 of a locking element 12. Hollow inlet segments 13 are also attached to the locking element 12. The locking element 12 also serves to guide and seal the connection of the hot gas housing 5, as well as to guide the intermediate jacket 6 and a coolant passage 14 for introducing the inlet segment cooling medium, the holder of the inlet segments 13, the holder of the first guide vane row 10, and the guide of cooling medium connecting elements 15, which are arranged between the cooling medium passage 14 and the cooling channel system of the inlet segments 13.

Im Leitschaufelträger 1 sind Kühlkanäle 16 angeordnet, welche über Eintrittsöffnungen 17 mit Kühlmittel beschickt werden, bzw. aus welchem über Austribbsöffnungen 18 das aufgeheizte Kühlmittel abfliesst. Dabei sind die Eintritts- 17 und Austrittsöffnungen 18 alternierend über den Umfang nebeneinander liegend angeordnet (siehe ebenfalls Fig. 4 und 5). Die Kühlkanäle 16 sind über Verbindungskanäle 19 mit dem Kühlkanalsystem der Leitschaufeln 9, 10 verbunden.In the vane carrier 1, cooling channels 16 are arranged, which are charged with coolant via inlet openings 17, or from which the heated coolant flows out via outlet openings 18. The inlet 17 and outlet openings 18 are alternately adjacent to one another over the circumference arranged (see also Fig. 4 and 5). The cooling channels 16 are connected to the cooling channel system of the guide vanes 9, 10 via connecting channels 19.

Zwischen den Verbindungskanälen 19 und den Eintrittsöffnungen in den Leitschaufeln 9, 10 sind mit Durchtritten versehene Dichtelemente 20 angeordnet, welche ein Austreten von Kühlmedium in die Räume zwischen den Leitschaufilfüssen 21 verhindern. Die Kühlkanäle 16 können am Hochdruckende des Leitschaufelträgers 1 dann verschlossen werden, wenn keine Einlaufsegmente 13 gekühlt werden müssen. Da die Kühlkanäle 16 über den Umfang des Leitschaufelträgers 1 alternierend einmal die Leitschaufeln 9, 10 allein und zum anderen daneben noch die Einlaufsegmente 13 mit Kühlmedium versorgen, ist daher ebenfalls paarweise alternierend einmal der Kühlkanal 16 verschlossen, bzw. ist dieser zum Kühlmitteldruchtritt 14 frei. Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 eingezeichneten Pfeile geben die Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmediums wieder.Between the connecting channels 19 and the inlet openings in the guide vanes 9, 10 there are sealing elements 20 which are provided with passages and prevent cooling medium from escaping into the spaces between the guide vane feet 21. The cooling channels 16 can be closed at the high-pressure end of the guide vane carrier 1 when no inlet segments 13 need to be cooled. Since the cooling channels 16 alternately supply the guide vanes 9, 10 alone and the inlet segments 13 with cooling medium alternately over the circumference of the guide vane carrier 1, the cooling channel 16 is therefore also alternately closed in pairs, or this is free for the passage of coolant 14. The arrows drawn in FIGS. 1 and 2 show the direction of flow of the cooling medium.

In der Fig. 3 ist ein Leitschaufelträger 1 ohne die zylindrische Partie 3 (aus Fig. 1 und 2) gezeigt, wobei gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezungszahlen versehen sind. Bei dieser Ausbildung kann das Einlaufsegment 13 beispielsweise ein Abschluss-Stück einer Ringbrennkammer sein.3 shows a guide vane carrier 1 without the cylindrical section 3 (from FIGS. 1 and 2), the same parts being provided with the same reference numbers. In this embodiment, the inlet segment 13 can be, for example, an end piece of an annular combustion chamber.

Der Querschnitt durch den Leitschaufelträger 1 gemäss Fig. 4 verdeutlicht die alternierende Anordnung der Zu- und Ableitungen der Kühlkanäle 16, 16'. Jeweils vorzugsweise zwei Leitschaufeln 9 sind an einer gemeinsamen Fussplatte 22 befestigt, wobei in jeder Fussplatte 22 Verteilkanäle 29 so angeordnet sind, dass diese mit den Verbindungskanälen 19 kommunizieren.The cross section through the guide vane carrier 1 according to FIG. 4 illustrates the alternating arrangement of the supply and discharge lines of the cooling channels 16, 16 '. In each case, preferably two guide blades 9 are fastened to a common base plate 22, distribution channels 29 being arranged in each base plate in such a way that they communicate with the connecting channels 19.

In Fig. 5 sind gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen, wie in den Fig. 1 bis 4. Aus der Draufsicht auf den Leitschaufelträger 1 ist die Anordnung der in den und aus dem Leitschaufelträger 1 führenden Eintrittsöffnungen 17 und Austrittsöffnungen 18, die in die Kühlkanäl 16 (nicht sichtbar) fürhen, deutlich erkennbar. Zwischen den Eintritts-17 und Austrittsöffnungen 18 sind die Führungsnasen 4 angeordnet. Am in der Figur unteren Teil sind die zylindrische Partie 3 mit den Nasen 4' und durch Pfeile 23 angedeutete Kühlmediumsübertritte zum, bzw. vom (nicht dargestellten) Einlaufsegment 13 gezeigt.5, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 4. From the top view of the guide vane carrier 1 is the arrangement of the inlet openings 17 and outlet openings 18 leading into and out of the guide vane carrier 1, which lead into the cooling channels 16 (not visible), clearly recognizable. The guide lugs 4 are arranged between the inlet openings 17 and outlet openings 18. At the lower part in the figure, the cylindrical section 3 with the lugs 4 'and coolant transfers indicated by arrows 23 to and from the (not shown) inlet segment 13 are shown.

Im Teilflächenbereich des Leitschaufelträgers 1 sind kammprofilartige Verschraubungen 24 vorgesehen. Die zylindrische Partie 3 des Leitschaufelträgers 1 weist Schlitze 25 auf, welche die versteifende Wirkung des Knicks zwischen der konischen Partie 2 und der zylindrischen Partie 3 aufhebt, sowie die dazugehörigen Biegemomente an der Flanschverschraubung bei Temperaturdifferenzen.Comb profile-like screw connections 24 are provided in the partial surface area of the guide vane carrier 1. The cylindrical section 3 of the guide vane carrier 1 has slots 25 which cancel out the stiffening effect of the kink between the conical section 2 and the cylindrical section 3, as well as the associated bending moments on the flange screw connection in the event of temperature differences.

Die Details der Fig. 6, 7 und 8 zeigen Einzelheiten der Teilflächenverschraubung, wobei wiederum mit 1 die Wand des Leitschaufelträgers bezeichnet ist, an welcher ein Flansch 26 angeordnet ist, der mit Befestigungsschrauben 27, vorzugsweise mit Dehnschrauben, zusammengezogen ist. Die Flansche 26 sind so ausgebildet, dass die Wand des Leitschaufelträgers 1 im Bereich zwischen den Auflageflächen der Befestigungsschrauben 27 kammprofilartig ausgebildet ist, wobei die nach aussen offenen Schlitze (gemäss Fig. 9 und 10) so ausgebildet sind, dass die Dehnschäfte der Dehnschrauben diese ausfüllen wodurch die Gewindeköpfe der Befestigungsschrauben 27 mit Mutternauflagen 28 auf den Kammprofilen 24 aufliegen. Die Aussenkontur der Kammprofile 24 verläuft annähernd geradlinig. Zur Vermeidung angesenkter ebener Mutternauflageflächen, bei welchen am Uebergang zur Wand relativ grosse Materialanhäufungen und scharfkantige Querschnittsübergänge in Kauf genommen werden müssten, werden unter den Muttern der Dehnschrauben 27 die Mutternauflagen 28 (Fig. 8) vorgesehen, welche eine zylindrische Unterseite aufweisen, die ihrerseits in einer korrespondierenden Nute gleichzeitig den kerbfreien Uebergang von den Flanschkämmen zur allgemeinen Wand bilden und die Schrauben 27 samt Muttern und Mutternauflagen 28 im verschraubten Zustand gegen seitliches Herausrutschen aus dem Schlitz 27 sichern. Da die zylindrischen Lagerflächen Drehbewegungen um ihre Zylinderachsen erlauben, wird diese Ausbildung mindestens in einer Eben unempfindlich gegen eine Schräglage der Schrauben 27 und erlaubt somit der Zulassung gröberer Herstellungstoleranzen.

Figure imgb0001
The details of FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show details of the partial surface screw connection, again with 1 the wall of the guide vane carrier is designated, on which a flange 26 is arranged, which is tightened with fastening screws 27, preferably with expansion screws. The flanges 26 are designed in such a way that the wall of the guide vane carrier 1 is designed in the manner of a comb profile in the area between the contact surfaces of the fastening screws 27, the outwardly open slots (according to FIGS. 9 and 10) being designed such that the expansion shafts of the expansion screws fill them whereby the threaded heads of the fastening screws 27 with nut supports 28 rest on the comb profiles 24. The outer contour of the comb profiles 24 runs approximately in a straight line. To avoid countersunk flat nut contact surfaces, in which relatively large material accumulations and sharp-edged cross-sectional transitions would have to be accepted at the transition to the wall, the nut supports 28 (FIG. 8) are provided under the nuts of the expansion screws 27, which have a cylindrical underside, which in turn is in a corresponding groove simultaneously form the notch-free transition from the flange combs to the general wall and secure the screws 27 together with nuts and nut supports 28 in the screwed state against slipping out of the slot 27 from the side. Since the cylindrical bearing surfaces permit rotary movements about their cylinder axes, this configuration becomes insensitive to an inclined position of the screws 27 at least in one plane and thus permits the approval of coarser manufacturing tolerances.
Figure imgb0001

Claims (4)

1. Gas turbine guide vane carrier which is formed in two parts and is cooled by means of coolant ducts (16, 16') and carries cooled guide vanes and is formed concentrically to the turbine longitudinal axis and at least partially conically, and tangentially located screw devices are provided in the region of the separation plane for connecting the two half guide vane carriers, which screw devices are supported on abutments formed from protrusions located tangentially to the external surface of the casing, characterised in that coolant ducts (16) are formed in the carrier wall, alternating over its periphery as supply lines and/or removal lines (17, 18) for the coolant and are provided with connecting ducts (19) to the individual platforms (22) of the guide vanes (9, 10), from which platforms the coolant is supplied to the hollow guide vanes themselves, and in that the partial surface flanges of the guide vane carrier (1) are formed like a comb profile, the comb profiles (24) of the partial surface flange connection are formed of individual protrusions and the screw devices (27) are located in the slots (25), open to one side, between the protrusions.
2. Guide vane carrier according to Claim 1, characterised in that the slot width of the individual comb profiles (24) corresponds to the shaft diameter of the screw devices (27).
3. Cooled guide vane carrier according to Claim 2, characterised in that the screw devices (27) are extension screws.
4. Guide vane carrier according to Claim 1, characterised in that the inlet part (13) can be locked in the axial direction by means of noses (4') located on the guide vane carrier (1) in protrusions on the intake part.
EP80200461A 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 Cooled turbine stator Expired EP0040267B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80200461T ATE16035T1 (en) 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 COOLED VANE CARRIER.
DE8080200461T DE3071161D1 (en) 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 Cooled turbine stator
EP80200461A EP0040267B1 (en) 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 Cooled turbine stator
JP6351181A JPS5710707A (en) 1980-05-19 1981-04-28 Cooled guide blade holding body
US06/260,336 US4386885A (en) 1980-05-19 1981-05-04 Cooled guide support vane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP80200461A EP0040267B1 (en) 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 Cooled turbine stator

Publications (2)

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EP0040267A1 EP0040267A1 (en) 1981-11-25
EP0040267B1 true EP0040267B1 (en) 1985-10-09

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EP80200461A Expired EP0040267B1 (en) 1980-05-19 1980-05-19 Cooled turbine stator

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US (1) US4386885A (en)
EP (1) EP0040267B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5710707A (en)
AT (1) ATE16035T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3071161D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS648173B2 (en) 1989-02-13
JPS5710707A (en) 1982-01-20
US4386885A (en) 1983-06-07
EP0040267A1 (en) 1981-11-25
DE3071161D1 (en) 1985-11-14
ATE16035T1 (en) 1985-10-15

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