EP0035159B1 - Gripper for slab-shaped concrete elements - Google Patents

Gripper for slab-shaped concrete elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0035159B1
EP0035159B1 EP81101101A EP81101101A EP0035159B1 EP 0035159 B1 EP0035159 B1 EP 0035159B1 EP 81101101 A EP81101101 A EP 81101101A EP 81101101 A EP81101101 A EP 81101101A EP 0035159 B1 EP0035159 B1 EP 0035159B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
toggle lever
clamp
clamp according
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81101101A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0035159A3 (en
EP0035159A2 (en
Inventor
Martin Probst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SF-Vollverbundstein-Kooperation GmbH
Original Assignee
SF-Vollverbundstein-Kooperation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SF-Vollverbundstein-Kooperation GmbH filed Critical SF-Vollverbundstein-Kooperation GmbH
Priority to AT81101101T priority Critical patent/ATE13703T1/en
Publication of EP0035159A2 publication Critical patent/EP0035159A2/en
Publication of EP0035159A3 publication Critical patent/EP0035159A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0035159B1 publication Critical patent/EP0035159B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/442—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces actuated by lifting force
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/52—Apparatus for laying individual preformed surfacing elements, e.g. kerbstones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamp for plate-shaped concrete elements, in particular for laying units consisting of loosely placed concrete paving stones, for receiving, transporting and depositing (laying) the same with a cart-shaped laying device, wherein the plate-shaped concrete elements by at least two clamping jaws engaging on opposite narrow, upright side surfaces are detectable and at least one of the clamping jaws is arranged on a two-armed lever which can be acted upon by a pressure element, the force arm of which has a multiple of the length of the load arm receiving the clamping jaw.
  • the invention relates to a particular field of civil engineering or civil engineering, namely the mechanical production of soil coverings from concrete paving stones using a laying device.
  • the above mechanized laying method works on the basis of the use of laying units. These consist of a group of paving stones, which are put together in a relative arrangement corresponding to the finished paving slab to form a plate-like structure and are recorded one after the other with laying devices and laid on a prepared subgrade.
  • a clip which has become known from FR-A-1 392 875 has two opposing clamping jaws, of which a movable clamping jaw is arranged on a two-armed lever.
  • a horizontal axis of rotation, about which the lever can be pivoted, is arranged in such a way that the movable clamping jaw is located on a shorter load arm and, in contrast, the power arm has a multiple of the length of the load arm.
  • the two-armed lever can be acted upon by a pressure element acting on the force arm. This is designed in the manner of a length-adjustable turnbuckle which, by rotating a tension nut, pivots the lever for tensioning or relaxing one or more objects to be arranged between the clamping jaws.
  • a disadvantage of this known clamp is that the length of the pressure element must be manually adjusted for tensioning or relaxing, by turning the tensioning screw of the turnbuckle. As a result, the actuation of this clamp is extremely time-consuming, which means that it does not permit economical, mechanized laying of laying units.
  • a clamp is known from GB-A-783433 which has two movable clamping jaws which can be pivoted by means of opposing, two-armed levers.
  • the load and power arm of these two levers which are otherwise of the same design, are approximately the same length.
  • a toggle lever is arranged between the two force arms of the levers carrying the clamping jaws, the central joint of which is connected to a load-carrying means for the clamp.
  • the swivel range of the toggle arms of the toggle lever is limited by a fixed stop. The latter is dimensioned such that the toggle lever is blocked well before it reaches its extended position.
  • the clamping force of this known clamp is limited by the limitation of the toggle lever travel in connection with the approximately equal-length arms of the levers for the clamping jaws.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a clamp for the transport and laying of plate-shaped components, for example laying units made of loose, non-interconnected paving stones, which enables largely mechanized, fault-prone operation.
  • the clip according to the invention is characterized in that the pressure element consists of at least one toggle lever which has at least one toggle arm made of two telescopic parts (rod, tube) braced against one another in particular by elastic pressure means (compression spring).
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that loose concrete paving stones can only be held together and laid to form a laying unit if very high clamping forces are introduced into the laying unit from the sides by the clamping jaws of a clamp.
  • these high clamping forces are primarily generated by the toggle lever, which acts on the long load arm of at least one two-armed lever with a clamping jaw.
  • the toggle lever is preferably dimensioned and designed in a special way that in the clamped position the toggle lever has almost reached the extended position, deviates from this 180 ° position only by a few degrees. This will during the last phase of the stretching motion of the toggle lever transfer an exceptionally high force to the two-armed lever (s) or to the clamping jaw (s).
  • the toggle lever is variable in length so that adjustments are possible.
  • the elastic pressure medium built into the toggle lever has the shape of a heavy-duty compression spring. The spring force is dimensioned such that the stretched position of the toggle lever is not reached for a given load, but on the other hand, deformations or fractures causing the toggle lever are compensated for.
  • the toggle lever is acted upon by the laying device itself, namely by lifting the (loaded) clamp.
  • the bracket 10 shown in Fig. 1 is intended for attachment to a laying device, for example in the version of DE-A-2241503.
  • a boom 11 or the free end of the same is shown schematically in Fig. 1.
  • a support element 12 designed as a simple bracket, rod or fork-shaped is pivotably arranged.
  • the bracket 10 is detachably attached in a suitable manner, such that it is carried hanging by the boom 11.
  • the clamp 10 is used to grasp, carry and place laying units 13. These are plate-shaped elements made of a plurality of concrete paving stones 14 which are loosely placed against one another. Spacers 15 formed laterally on the concrete paving stones 14 ensure a relative arrangement.
  • the clamp 10 shown here is equipped with two opposing clamping jaws 16 and 17. These capture the laying unit 13 in the region of opposing upright side surfaces 18 and 19.
  • the jaw 16 is fixed in the embodiment of FIG. 1, while the opposite jaw 17 is movable to open and close the clamp 10 and to apply the clamping forces.
  • the clamping jaw 17 forms the load arm 20 of a pivotably mounted two-armed lever 21.
  • This load arm 20 is relatively short, namely only insignificantly longer than the height dimension of the clamping jaw 17 itself the load arm 20.
  • the lever 21 is angled in the region of its pivot bearing 23 such that in the clamped position the load arm 20 is arranged essentially upright, while the power arm 22 points outward at an acute angle.
  • the clamping jaws 16 and 17 or the lever 21 are arranged on a support frame, which in the present case is designed as a cross member 24 which is centered with respect to the laying unit 13.
  • the fixed clamping jaw 16, which runs transversely to this cross member 24, is adjustably arranged on the cross member 24 in order to adapt to different dimensions of the laying units 13, by means of releasable screws 25.
  • the lever 21 or the power arm 22 of the same are acted upon by a special pressure element.
  • This consists of a toggle lever 26 which is connected in a pivot bearing 27 to the free end of the lever 21. The opposite end is fixed in a further pivot bearing 28. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, this is arranged in or on a bearing block 29 which is fixed in position on the cross member 24.
  • the toggle lever 26 consists of the toggle lever arms 30 and 31. These are connected to one another in a toggle lever joint 32.
  • the support element 12 of the laying device also acts on the clamp 10.
  • the toggle lever 26 transmits the closing or clamping force to the clamp 10, namely to the clamping jaw 17.
  • the toggle arms 30, 31 are pivoted downwards relative to one another and are therefore at a clear angle to one another.
  • the jaw 17 is also pivoted into an inclined position, while the power arm 22 is substantially upright.
  • the bracket 10 is now "open".
  • the toggle lever 26 is moved from the dashed position (kink position) by lifting the clamp 10 into the extended position or into a position which almost corresponds to the extended position.
  • the pivoting movement of the toggle arms 30 and 31 is carried out by the upward movement of the boom 11.
  • the clamping jaw 17 is pressed against the laying unit 13 by the pivoting movement of the lever 21.
  • the individual phases of movement of the toggle lever 26 and the clamp parts connected to it are shown schematically in FIG. 2 posed.
  • the upper line represents the end position of the toggle lever 26, which is always "below the extended position, but only deviates from it by a few degrees.
  • the toggle arms 30, 31 are not of the same length in FIG. 1.
  • the toggle arm 31 is variable in length by a telescopic design.
  • a rod 33 which in the present case leads to the toggle joint 32, is mounted in a tube 34 so as to be telescopically displaceable.
  • the above telescopic parts (rod 33, tube 34) are supported against each other by an elastic compensating element in the form of a heavy-duty compression spring 35.
  • This is supported on the one hand on a stop 36 (screw nut) of the rod 33 and on the other hand on the front end of the tube 34.
  • the compression spring 35 At extremely high axial loads in the area of the toggle arm 31, the compression spring 35 is compressed to avoid deformations and destruction. However, the spring force is selected so that the “usual” loads can be absorbed without the toggle lever 26 being moved into the exact extended position.
  • the stop 36 is adjustable so that a bias of the compression spring 35 can be changed.
  • the rod 33 emerging from the tube 34 on the side opposite the compression spring 35 is fixed at the front end of the tube 34 by a support screw 37.
  • the tube 34 is connected to the lever 21 as part of the toggle lever arm 31 via the externally attached pivot bearing 27.
  • the tube 34 is also slidably arranged on the rod 33, that is to say held only by compression spring 35 and support screw 37.
  • the clip 10 is equipped with a special lock 38, which ensures the position of the clip 10 required for the respective functional sequence. Details of an embodiment of this lock 38 are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • pawls 40, 41 are mounted in a U-shaped holder 39, namely a (lower) pawl 40 and an upper adjusting pawl 41.
  • the aforementioned pawls 40, 41 are pivotable and translationally displaceable in the holder designed as a housing 39 stored.
  • the (upper) pawl 41 is mounted with an angular hole 42 on a transverse pin 43 attached to the holder 39.
  • the pawl 40 with an elongated hole 45 is also arranged on a pin 44.
  • Pawl 40 and pawl 41 are also pivotally coupled to each other by a connecting pin 46.
  • the relative position and configuration of the pawls 40, 41 is such that they protrude laterally with parts from the holder 39 in certain positions.
  • the lock 38 is assigned an actuating member in the form of a (rigid) extension 47 of the toggle lever 26, namely the toggle arm 30, beyond the toggle joint 32.
  • This extension 47 which is designed as a flat profile, is moved laterally past the lock 38, namely the holder 39, in the vertical plane during the movements of the toggle lever 26 in such a way that the parts of the pawls 40, 41 projecting from the holder 39 are acted upon.
  • a stop piece 49 of the pawl 40 is thereby in contact with a support wall 50 of the holder 39.
  • the pawl 40 or its nose 48 are thereby fixed in the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the extension 47 is held in the lower position.
  • the toggle lever 26 cannot be moved into the position adjacent to the extended position, corresponding to the closed position of the clamp 10, despite the load from the boom 11.
  • the unloaded locking pawl 40 takes characterized due to the weight distribution of a pivoting movement in the counterclockwise direction from the position of FIG. 3 in accordance with Fig. 4. At the same time the pawl 40 ° is downwardly lowered under its own weight, so that the pin 44 from the lower position within the elongated hole 45 (Fig. 3) in the upper end position (Fig. 4).
  • the extension 47 can be moved past the pawl 40 or the nose 48 by moving the toggle lever 26 in the direction of the extended position.
  • the adjusting pawl 41 which also protrudes beyond the holder 39 in the starting position (FIG. 3), is acted upon by the extension 47, which is moved further upward, and is thereby moved inward with simultaneous pivoting.
  • the adjusting pawl 41 moves from the position according to FIG. 4 into that according to FIG. 5. This is accompanied by a downward movement of the adjusting pawl 41.
  • This movement in turn is transmitted via the connecting pin 46 to the pawl 40, with the result that the latter is moved into a standby position (FIG. 5), in which the nose 48 protrudes from the holder 39 and into the movement path of the extension 47 .
  • the clamp 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 5 therefore works automatically without manual intervention, solely by movements of the same from the handle of the laying device.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment of the clip 10 is shown in Figure 6.
  • two two-armed levers 51 and 52 are provided to act on one jaw 16, 17 each.
  • the levers 51, 52 are mounted with a pivot bearing 53, 54 in the manner described in principle at the ends of the support frame, namely the cross member 24.
  • a toggle lever 55 is formed in this embodiment from two substantially identical toggle lever arms 56, 57. These each connect to the free ends of the levers 51, 52 via a rotary bearing 58, 59.
  • the mutually facing ends of the toggle lever arms 56, 57 are pivotally or articulatedly connected to one another, preferably via a common joint pin 60 consists.
  • the support element 12 engages this, so that the adjoining ends of the toggle lever arms 56, 57 are moved up and down together.
  • the toggle lever arms 56, 57 are also variable in length here, specifically in the exemplary embodiment shown by means of a turnbuckle 63 of a type known in principle.
  • a pawl 64 is pivotally arranged on the guide bracket 61. In the extended, inwardly pivoted position, this pawl 64 'rests with a support lug on the hinge pin 60 and thus prevents its upward movement even under load. To unlock the toggle 55, the pawl 64 is pulled back into the dashed position, whereby the hinge pin 60 is released.
  • the movements of the pawl 64 are triggered in the present case by a Bowden cable 65, which expediently leads to the operating side of the laying device, in particular to a handle. The clip 10 can thus be operated from the handle of the laying device.
  • the clamping jaws 16 and 17 are provided with heavy-duty, elastically compressible coverings 66 on the clamping side. These allow the laying units to be gripped elastically.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

1. Clamp for plate-like concrete elements particularly for laying units (13) comprising loosely engaged concrete paving stones, for receiving, transporting and placing (laying) the same with a barrow-like laying means, wherein the plate-like concrete elements are engageable by at least two clamping jaws (16, 17) is arranged on a two-armed lever (21, 52, 52) subject to the action of a pressure member (26, 55), the power arm (22) of said lever (21, 51, 52), the power arm (22) of said lever having a multiple of the length of the load arm (20) receiving clamping jaws (17), characterized in that the pressure member comprises a toggle lever (26, 55) having at least one toogle lever arm (30, 31) formed from two telescopic parts (33) braced against one another, particularly by elastic pressure means (35).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Klammer für plattenförmige Betonelemente, insbesondere für aus lose aneinandergesetzten Beton-Pflastersteinen bestehende Verlegeeinheiten, zum Aufnehmen, Transportieren und Absetzen (Verlegen) derselben mit einem karrenförmigen Verlegegerät, wobei die plattenförmigen Betonelemente durch wenigstens zwei an gegenüberliegenden schmalen, aufrechten Seitenflächen angreifende Klemmbacken erfaßbar sind und wenigstens eine der Klemmbacken an einem durch ein Druckorgan beaufschlagbaren, zweiarmigen Hebel angeordnet ist, dessen Kraftarm ein Mehrfaches der Länge des die Klemmbacke aufnehmenden Lastarms aufweist.The invention relates to a clamp for plate-shaped concrete elements, in particular for laying units consisting of loosely placed concrete paving stones, for receiving, transporting and depositing (laying) the same with a cart-shaped laying device, wherein the plate-shaped concrete elements by at least two clamping jaws engaging on opposite narrow, upright side surfaces are detectable and at least one of the clamping jaws is arranged on a two-armed lever which can be acted upon by a pressure element, the force arm of which has a multiple of the length of the load arm receiving the clamping jaw.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein besonderes Gebiet der Bautechnik bzw. des Tiefbaus, nämlich die mechanische Herstellung von Erdreichabdeckungen aus Beton-Pflastersteinen unter Einsatz eines Verlegegerätes.The invention relates to a particular field of civil engineering or civil engineering, namely the mechanical production of soil coverings from concrete paving stones using a laying device.

Das vorstehende mechanisierte Verlegeverfahren arbeitet auf der Grundlage des Einsatzes von Verlegeeinheiten. Diese bestehen aus einer Gruppe von Pflastersteinen, die in einer der fertigen Pflasterdecke entsprechenden Relativanordnung zu einem plattenförmigen Gebilde zusammengelegt sind und mit Verlegegeräten nacheinander erfaßt sowie auf vorbereitetem Planum verlegt werden.The above mechanized laying method works on the basis of the use of laying units. These consist of a group of paving stones, which are put together in a relative arrangement corresponding to the finished paving slab to form a plate-like structure and are recorded one after the other with laying devices and laid on a prepared subgrade.

Langjähriges Ziel allseitiger Bemühungen ist es, ein im Aufbau einfaches Verlegegerät zu schaffen, mit dem der Einbau von aus losen, nicht miteinander verbundenen Pflastersteinen bestehenden Verlegeeinheiten möglich ist. Nach den der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Erkenntnissen muß hierfür die Klammer zum Erfassen der Gruppe von losen Pflastersteinen in besonderer Weise ausgebildet sein.The long-term goal of all-round efforts has been to create a laying device which is simple in construction and with which the laying units consisting of loose, non-interconnected paving stones can be installed. According to the knowledge on which the invention is based, the clamp for grasping the group of loose paving stones must be designed in a special way.

Eine aus der FR-A-1 392 875 bekanntgewordene Klammer verfügt über zwei gegenüberliegende Klemmbacken, wovon eine bewegliche Klemmbacke an einem zweiarmigen Hebel angeordnet ist. Eine horizontale Drehachse, um die der Hebel schwenkbar ist, ist derart angeordnet, daß sich die bewegliche Klemmbacke an einem kürzeren Lastarm befindet und demgegenüber der Kraftarm ein Mehrfaches der Länge des Lastarms aufweist. Zum Festklemmen eines Gegenstandes ist der zweiarmige Hebel durch ein am Kraftarm angreifendes Druckorgan beaufschlagbar. Dieses ist nach Art eines längenveränderbaren Spannschlosses ausgebildet, welches durch Verdrehen einer Spannmutter den Hebel verschwenkt zum Spannen bzw. Entspannen eines oder mehrerer zwischen den Klemmbacken anzuordnender Gegenstände.A clip which has become known from FR-A-1 392 875 has two opposing clamping jaws, of which a movable clamping jaw is arranged on a two-armed lever. A horizontal axis of rotation, about which the lever can be pivoted, is arranged in such a way that the movable clamping jaw is located on a shorter load arm and, in contrast, the power arm has a multiple of the length of the load arm. To clamp an object, the two-armed lever can be acted upon by a pressure element acting on the force arm. This is designed in the manner of a length-adjustable turnbuckle which, by rotating a tension nut, pivots the lever for tensioning or relaxing one or more objects to be arranged between the clamping jaws.

Nachteilig an dieser bekannten Klammer ist, daß zum Spannen bzw. Entspannen die Länge des Druckorgans manuell verstellt werden muß, und zwar durch Verdrehen der Spannschraube des Spannschlosses. Dadurch ist die Betätigung dieser Klammer äußerst zeitintensiv, wodurch sie eine wirtschaftliche, mechanisierte Verlegung von Verlegeeinheiten nicht zuläßt.A disadvantage of this known clamp is that the length of the pressure element must be manually adjusted for tensioning or relaxing, by turning the tensioning screw of the turnbuckle. As a result, the actuation of this clamp is extremely time-consuming, which means that it does not permit economical, mechanized laying of laying units.

Des weiteren ist aus der GB-A-783433 eine Klammer bekannt, welche zwei bewegbare Klemmbacken aufweist, die durch gegenüberliegende, zweiarmige Hebel verschwenkbar sind. Last- und Kraftarm dieser beiden im übrigen gleich ausgebildeten Hebel sind in etwa gleich lang. Zwischen den beiden Kraftarmen der die Klemmbacken tragenden Hebel ist bei dieser bekannten Klammer ein Kniehebel angeordnet, dessen mittiges Gelenk mit einem Lastaufnahmemittel für die Klammer verbunden ist. Der Schwenkbereich der Kniehebelarme des Kniehebels ist durch einen ortsfesten Anschlag begrenzt. Letzterer ist derart bemessen, daß der Kniehebel weit vor Erreichen seiner Strecklage blockiert wird.Furthermore, a clamp is known from GB-A-783433 which has two movable clamping jaws which can be pivoted by means of opposing, two-armed levers. The load and power arm of these two levers, which are otherwise of the same design, are approximately the same length. In this known clamp, a toggle lever is arranged between the two force arms of the levers carrying the clamping jaws, the central joint of which is connected to a load-carrying means for the clamp. The swivel range of the toggle arms of the toggle lever is limited by a fixed stop. The latter is dimensioned such that the toggle lever is blocked well before it reaches its extended position.

Durch die Begrenzung des Kniehebelwegs in Verbindung mit den in etwa gleich langen Armen der Hebel für die Klemmbacken ist die Klemmkraft dieser bekannten Klammer begrenzt.The clamping force of this known clamp is limited by the limitation of the toggle lever travel in connection with the approximately equal-length arms of the levers for the clamping jaws.

Durch die starre Ausbildung sämtlicher Hebel bzw. Arme dieser Klammer ist sie empfindlich gegenüber Belastungen bzw. Stößen. Darüber hinaus ist die auf die festzuklemmenden Gegenstände auszuübende Klemmkraft dem Betrage nach nicht kontrollierbar. Daher kann diese bekannte Klammer beim bekanntermaßen rauhen Betrieb auf Baustellen leicht selbst beschädigt werden oder zu Beschädigungen an den Baustoffen führen.Due to the rigid design of all levers or arms of this clamp, it is sensitive to loads and shocks. In addition, the amount of the clamping force to be exerted on the objects to be clamped cannot be controlled. Therefore, this known clamp can easily be damaged itself or cause damage to the building materials in the known rough operation on construction sites.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Klammer für den Transport und die Verlegung von plattenförmigen Bauelementen, beispielsweise Verlegeeinheiten aus losen, nicht miteinander verbundenen Pflastersteinen, zu schaffen, die einen weitestgehend mechanisierten, störunanfälligen Betrieb ermöglicht.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a clamp for the transport and laying of plate-shaped components, for example laying units made of loose, non-interconnected paving stones, which enables largely mechanized, fault-prone operation.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemäße Klammer dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Druckorgan aus wenigstens einem Kniehebel besteht, der mindestens einen Kniehebelarm aus zwei insbesondere durch elastische Druckmittel (Druckfeder) gegeneinander verspannten Teleskopteilen (Stange, Rohr) aufweist.To achieve this object, the clip according to the invention is characterized in that the pressure element consists of at least one toggle lever which has at least one toggle arm made of two telescopic parts (rod, tube) braced against one another in particular by elastic pressure means (compression spring).

Die Erfindung geht aus von der Erkenntnis, daß lose Beton-Pflastersteine nur dann zu einer Verlegeeinheit zusammengehalten und verlegt werden können, wenn durch die Klemmbacken einer Klammer sehr hohe Klemmkräfte von den Seiten her in die Verlegeeinheit eingeleitet werden. Diese hohen Klemmkräfte werden bei der Erfindung vor allem durch den Kniehebel erzeugt, der auf den langen Lastarm wenigstens eines zweiarmigen Hebels mit einer Klemmbacke einwirkt. Der Kniehebel ist vorzugsweise so bemessen und in besonderer Weise ausgestaltet, daß in Klemmstellung der Kniehebel nahezu die Strecklage erreicht hat, von dieser 180°-Stellung nur um wenige Winkelgrade abweicht. Dadurch wird während der letzten Phase der Streckbewegung des Kniehebels eine außergewöhnlich hohe Kraft auf den (die) zweiarmigen Hebel bzw. auf die Klemmbacke(n) übertragen.The invention is based on the knowledge that loose concrete paving stones can only be held together and laid to form a laying unit if very high clamping forces are introduced into the laying unit from the sides by the clamping jaws of a clamp. In the invention, these high clamping forces are primarily generated by the toggle lever, which acts on the long load arm of at least one two-armed lever with a clamping jaw. The toggle lever is preferably dimensioned and designed in a special way that in the clamped position the toggle lever has almost reached the extended position, deviates from this 180 ° position only by a few degrees. This will during the last phase of the stretching motion of the toggle lever transfer an exceptionally high force to the two-armed lever (s) or to the clamping jaw (s).

Der Kniehebel ist nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung längenveränderlich ausgebildet, so daß Justierungen möglich sind. Des weiteren weist das in den Kniehebel eingebaute elastische Druckmittel die Gestalt einer hochbelastbaren Druckfeder auf. Die Federkraft ist so bemessen, daß die Strecklage des Kniehebels bei vorgegebener Belastung nicht erreicht wird, andererseits aber Verformungen oder Bruch des Kniehebels bewirkende Belastungen ausgeglichen werden. Der Kniehebel wird nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung durch das Verlegegerät selbst beaufschlagt, nämlich durch Anheben der (belasteten) Klammer.According to a further feature of the invention, the toggle lever is variable in length so that adjustments are possible. Furthermore, the elastic pressure medium built into the toggle lever has the shape of a heavy-duty compression spring. The spring force is dimensioned such that the stretched position of the toggle lever is not reached for a given load, but on the other hand, deformations or fractures causing the toggle lever are compensated for. According to a further proposal of the invention, the toggle lever is acted upon by the laying device itself, namely by lifting the (loaded) clamp.

Weitere Ausführungsarten der Erfindung befassen sich mit der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung der Klammer, und zwar auch mit einer besonderen Sperre, die die Öffnungsstellung der unbelasteten Klammer gewährleistet. Diese Verriegelung der Klammer bzw. der Klemmbacken ist erforderlich, damit nach dem Absetzen einer Verlegeeinheit die (offene) Klammer von den Pflastersteinen abgehoben und in offener Stellung zur Aufnahme einer nächstfolgenden Verlegeeinheit dieser zugeführt werden kann. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Further embodiments of the invention deal with the structural design of the clip, and indeed with a special lock that ensures the open position of the unloaded clip. This locking of the clamp or the clamping jaws is necessary so that after a laying unit has been set down, the (open) clamp can be lifted off the paving stones and, in the open position, can be fed to the next laying unit. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 eine Klammer zur Aufnahme von Verlegeeinheiten in schematischer Seitenansicht,
  • Figur 2 eine grafische Darstellung der Bewegungsvorgänge beim Öffnen und Schließen der Klammer gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 bis Figur 5 eine Einzelheit (Sperre) der Klammer gemäß Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht bei verschiedenen Stellungen von Teilen derselben,
  • Figur 6 eine andere Ausführungsform der Klammer in einer Darstellung ähnlich der Fig. 1.
Show it :
  • FIG. 1 shows a clamp for receiving installation units in a schematic side view,
  • FIG. 2 shows a graphic representation of the movement processes when opening and closing the clip according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 to 5 show a detail (lock) of the clip according to FIG. 1 in a side view at different positions of parts thereof,
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the clip in a representation similar to FIG. 1.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Klammer 10 ist für den Anbau an ein Verlegegerät beispielsweise in der Ausführung der DE-A-2241503 bestimmt. Ein Ausleger 11 bzw. das freie Ende desselben ist schematisch in Fig. 1 wiedergegeben. Am Ende dieses Auslegers 11 ist schwenkbar ein als einfache Lasche, Stange oder gabelförmig ausgebildetes Tragelement 12 angeordnet. An diesem ist die Klammer 10 in geeigneter Weise lösbar angebracht, derart, daß sie hängend durch den Ausleger 11 getragen wird.The bracket 10 shown in Fig. 1 is intended for attachment to a laying device, for example in the version of DE-A-2241503. A boom 11 or the free end of the same is shown schematically in Fig. 1. At the end of this boom 11, a support element 12 designed as a simple bracket, rod or fork-shaped is pivotably arranged. On this, the bracket 10 is detachably attached in a suitable manner, such that it is carried hanging by the boom 11.

Die Klammer 10 dient zum Erfassen, Tragen und Absetzen von Verlegeeinheiten 13. Es handelt sich dabei um plattenförmige Elemente aus einer Mehrzahl von Beton-Pflastersteinen 14, die lose aneinandergesetzt sind. An die Beton-Pflastersteine 14 seitlich angeformte Abstandshalter 15 gewährleisten eine Relativanordnung.The clamp 10 is used to grasp, carry and place laying units 13. These are plate-shaped elements made of a plurality of concrete paving stones 14 which are loosely placed against one another. Spacers 15 formed laterally on the concrete paving stones 14 ensure a relative arrangement.

Die hier gezeigte Klammer 10 ist mit zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Klemmbacken 16 und 17 ausgerüstet. Diese erfassen die Verlegeeinheit 13 im Bereich von einander gegenüberliegenden aufrechten Seitenflächen 18 und 19.The clamp 10 shown here is equipped with two opposing clamping jaws 16 and 17. These capture the laying unit 13 in the region of opposing upright side surfaces 18 and 19.

Die Klemmbacke 16 ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 feststehend, während die gegenüberliegende Klemmbacke 17 zum Öffnen und Schließen der Klammer 10 sowie zum Aufbringen der Klemmkräfte bewegbar ist.The jaw 16 is fixed in the embodiment of FIG. 1, while the opposite jaw 17 is movable to open and close the clamp 10 and to apply the clamping forces.

Die Klemmbacke 17 bildet hier den Lastarm 20 eines schwenkbar gelagerten zweiarmigen Hebels 21. Dieser Lastarm 20 ist verhältnismäßig kurz ausgebildet, nämlich nur unwesentlich länger als die Höhenabmessung der Klemmbacke 17 selbst. Ein Kraftarm 22 ist demgegenüber um ein Mehrfaches länger (etwa dreifache Länge) als der Lastarm 20. Der Hebel 21 ist im Bereich seines Schwenklagers 23 abgewinkelt, derart, daß in Klemmstellung der Lastarm 20 im wesentlichen aufrecht angeordnet ist, während der Kraftarm 22 um einen spitzen Winkel nach außen weist.Here, the clamping jaw 17 forms the load arm 20 of a pivotably mounted two-armed lever 21. This load arm 20 is relatively short, namely only insignificantly longer than the height dimension of the clamping jaw 17 itself the load arm 20. The lever 21 is angled in the region of its pivot bearing 23 such that in the clamped position the load arm 20 is arranged essentially upright, while the power arm 22 points outward at an acute angle.

Die Klemmbacken 16 und 17 bzw. der Hebel 21 sind an einem Traggestell angeordnet, das im vorliegenden Fall als in bezug auf die Verlegeeinheit 13 mittige Traverse 24 ausgebildet ist. Die quer zu dieser Traverse 24 verlaufende, feststehende Klemmbacke 16 ist zur Anpassung an unterschiedliche Abmessungen der Verlegeeinheiten 13 etc. verstellbar an der Traverse 24 angeordnet, und zwar durch lösbare Schrauben 25.The clamping jaws 16 and 17 or the lever 21 are arranged on a support frame, which in the present case is designed as a cross member 24 which is centered with respect to the laying unit 13. The fixed clamping jaw 16, which runs transversely to this cross member 24, is adjustably arranged on the cross member 24 in order to adapt to different dimensions of the laying units 13, by means of releasable screws 25.

Der Hebel 21 bzw. der Kraftarm 22 desselben werden durch ein besonderes Druckorgan beaufschlagt. Dieses besteht aus einem Kniehebel 26, der in einem Drehlager 27 mit dem freien Ende des Hebels 21 verbunden ist. Das gegenüberliegende Ende ist in einem weiteren Drehlager 28 fixiert. Dieses ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 in bzw. an einem Lagerbock 29 angeordnet, der ortsfest auf der Traverse 24 sitzt.The lever 21 or the power arm 22 of the same are acted upon by a special pressure element. This consists of a toggle lever 26 which is connected in a pivot bearing 27 to the free end of the lever 21. The opposite end is fixed in a further pivot bearing 28. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, this is arranged in or on a bearing block 29 which is fixed in position on the cross member 24.

Der Kniehebel 26 besteht aus den Kniehebelarmen 30 und 31. Diese sind in einem Kniehebelgelenk 32 miteinander verbunden. Hier greift auch das Tragelement 12 des Verlegegerätes an der Klammer 10 an.The toggle lever 26 consists of the toggle lever arms 30 and 31. These are connected to one another in a toggle lever joint 32. Here, the support element 12 of the laying device also acts on the clamp 10.

Durch den Kniehebel 26 wird die Schließ- bzw. Klemmkraft auf die Klammer 10, nämlich auf die Klemmbacke 17 übertragen. In Öffnungsstellung der Klammer 10 (gestrichelte Positionen) sind die Kniehebelarme 30, 31 nach unten gegeneinander verschwenkt und stehen demnach unter einem deutlichen Winkel zueinander. Die Klemmbacke 17 ist dabei ebenfalls in eine Schrägstellung geschwenkt, während der Kraftarm 22 im wesentlichen aufrechtgerichtet ist. Die Klammer 10 ist jetzt- « offen ».The toggle lever 26 transmits the closing or clamping force to the clamp 10, namely to the clamping jaw 17. In the open position of the clamp 10 (dashed positions), the toggle arms 30, 31 are pivoted downwards relative to one another and are therefore at a clear angle to one another. The jaw 17 is also pivoted into an inclined position, while the power arm 22 is substantially upright. The bracket 10 is now "open".

Zum Erfassen der Verlegeeinheit 13 wird der Kniehebel 26 aus der gestrichelten Stellung (Knickstellung) durch Anheben der Klammer 10 in die Strecklage bzw. in eine Position bewegt, die nahezu der Strecklage entspricht. Die Schwenkbewegung der Kniehebelarme 30 und 31 wird durch Aufwärtsbewegung des Auslegers 11 vollzogen. Durch die Schwenkbewegung des Hebels 21 wird die Klemmbacke 17 an die Verlegeeinheit 13 gedrückt.To grasp the laying unit 13, the toggle lever 26 is moved from the dashed position (kink position) by lifting the clamp 10 into the extended position or into a position which almost corresponds to the extended position. The pivoting movement of the toggle arms 30 and 31 is carried out by the upward movement of the boom 11. The clamping jaw 17 is pressed against the laying unit 13 by the pivoting movement of the lever 21.

Die einzelnen Bewegungsphasen des Kniehebels 26 und der mit diesem verbundenen Klammerteile sind schematisch in Fig.2 2 dargestellt. Die obere Linie gibt dabei die Endstellung des Kniehebels 26 wieder, die stets « unterhalb der Strecklage liegt, jedoch nur um wenige Grade von dieser abweicht.The individual phases of movement of the toggle lever 26 and the clamp parts connected to it are shown schematically in FIG. 2 posed. The upper line represents the end position of the toggle lever 26, which is always "below the extended position, but only deviates from it by a few degrees.

Die Kniehebelarme 30, 31 sind bei Fig. 1 ungleichlang ausgebildet. Der Kniehebelarm 31 ist längenveränderlich durch eine teleskopartige Ausbildung. Eine im vorliegenden Fall zum Kniehebelgelenk 32 führende Stange 33 ist teleskopartig verschiebbar in einem Rohr 34 gelagert. Die vorstehenden Teleskopteile (Stange 33, Rohr 34) sind durch ein elastisches Ausgleichsorgan in Gestalt einer hochbelastbaren Druckfeder 35 gegeneinander abgestützt. Diese stützt sich einerseits auf einem Anschlag 36 (Schraubenmutter) der Stange 33 und zum anderen auf dem Stirnende des Rohrs 34 ab. Bei extrem hohen Axialbelastungen im Bereich des Kniehebelarms 31 wird die Druckfeder 35 zur Vermeidung von Verformungen und Zerstörungen zusammengedrückt. Die Federkraft ist jedoch so gewählt, daß die « üblichen » Belastungen aufgenommen werden können, ohne daß etwa der Kniehebel 26 bis in die exakte Strecklage bewegt wird. Der Anschlag 36 ist verstellbar, so daß eine Vorspannung der Druckfeder 35 verändert werden kann.The toggle arms 30, 31 are not of the same length in FIG. 1. The toggle arm 31 is variable in length by a telescopic design. A rod 33, which in the present case leads to the toggle joint 32, is mounted in a tube 34 so as to be telescopically displaceable. The above telescopic parts (rod 33, tube 34) are supported against each other by an elastic compensating element in the form of a heavy-duty compression spring 35. This is supported on the one hand on a stop 36 (screw nut) of the rod 33 and on the other hand on the front end of the tube 34. At extremely high axial loads in the area of the toggle arm 31, the compression spring 35 is compressed to avoid deformations and destruction. However, the spring force is selected so that the “usual” loads can be absorbed without the toggle lever 26 being moved into the exact extended position. The stop 36 is adjustable so that a bias of the compression spring 35 can be changed.

Die auf der zur Druckfeder 35 gegenüberliegenden Seite aus dem Rohr 34 heraustretende Stange 33 ist am Stirnende des Rohrs 34 durch eine Stützschraube 37 festgelegt. Das Rohr 34 ist als Teil des Kniehebelarms 31 über das außen angesetzte Drehlager 27 mit dem Hebel 21 verbunden. Das Rohr 34 ist weiterhin verschiebbar auf der Stange 33 angeordnet, also nur durch Druckfeder 35 und Stützschraube 37 gehalten.The rod 33 emerging from the tube 34 on the side opposite the compression spring 35 is fixed at the front end of the tube 34 by a support screw 37. The tube 34 is connected to the lever 21 as part of the toggle lever arm 31 via the externally attached pivot bearing 27. The tube 34 is also slidably arranged on the rod 33, that is to say held only by compression spring 35 and support screw 37.

Die Klammer 10 ist mit einer besonderen Sperre 38 ausgerüstet, die die für den jeweiligen Funktionsablauf erforderliche Stellung der Klammer 10 gewährleistet. Einzelheiten einer Ausführung dieser Sperre 38 sind in Fig. 3 bis 5 dargestellt.The clip 10 is equipped with a special lock 38, which ensures the position of the clip 10 required for the respective functional sequence. Details of an embodiment of this lock 38 are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.

Danach sind in einem U-förmigen Halter 39 zwei zusammenwirkende und aufeinander abgestimmte Klinken 40, 41 gelagert, nämlich eine (untere) Sperrklinke 40 und eine obere Stellklinke 41. Die vorgenannten Klinken 40, 41 sind schwenkbar und translatorisch verschiebbar in dem als Gehäuse ausgebildeten Halter 39 gelagert. Die (obere) Stellklinke 41 ist mit einem Winkelloch 42 auf einem am Halter 39 angebrachten, quergerichteten Zapfen 43 gelagert. Ebenfalls auf einem Zapfen 44 ist die Sperrklinke 40 mit einem Langloch 45 angeordnet. Sperrklinke 40 und Stellklinke 41 sind darüber hinaus durch einen Verbindungszapfen 46 schwenkbar aneinander gekoppelt. Die Relativlage und Ausgestaltung der Klinken 40, 41 ist derart, daß sie in bestimmten Stellungen mit Teilen seitlich aus dem Halter 39 herausragen.Thereafter, two interacting and coordinated pawls 40, 41 are mounted in a U-shaped holder 39, namely a (lower) pawl 40 and an upper adjusting pawl 41. The aforementioned pawls 40, 41 are pivotable and translationally displaceable in the holder designed as a housing 39 stored. The (upper) pawl 41 is mounted with an angular hole 42 on a transverse pin 43 attached to the holder 39. The pawl 40 with an elongated hole 45 is also arranged on a pin 44. Pawl 40 and pawl 41 are also pivotally coupled to each other by a connecting pin 46. The relative position and configuration of the pawls 40, 41 is such that they protrude laterally with parts from the holder 39 in certain positions.

Der Sperre 38 ist ein Betätigungsorgan in Gestalt einer (starren) Verlängerung 47 des Kniehebels 26, nämlich des Kniehebelarms 30, über das Kniehebelgelenk 32 hinaus zugeordnet. Diese als Flachprofil ausgebildete Verlängerung 47 wird bei den Bewegungen des Kniehebels 26 in vertikaler Ebene seitlich an der Sperre 38, nämlich am Halter 39 desselben vorbeibewegt, derart, daß die aus dem Halter 39 herausragenden Teile der Klinken 40, 41 beaufschlagt werden.The lock 38 is assigned an actuating member in the form of a (rigid) extension 47 of the toggle lever 26, namely the toggle arm 30, beyond the toggle joint 32. This extension 47, which is designed as a flat profile, is moved laterally past the lock 38, namely the holder 39, in the vertical plane during the movements of the toggle lever 26 in such a way that the parts of the pawls 40, 41 projecting from the holder 39 are acted upon.

In der Ausgangsstellung gemäß Fig. 3 geht es darum, die Öffnungsstellung (gestrichelte Linien) der Klammer 10 zu fixieren, wenn nämlich diese ohne Last einer Verlegeeinheit 13 zur Aufnahme derselben zugeführt wird. Die Verlängerung 47, die naturgemäß die Schwenkbewegungen des Kniehebelarms 30 mitvollzieht, ist in dieser Position nach unten gerichtet und liegt an der Unterseite einer aus dem Halter 39 herausragenden Nase 48 der Sperrklinke 40 an. Letztere wird dadurch drehend im Uhrzeigersinn beaufschlagt.In the starting position according to FIG. 3, it is a matter of fixing the opening position (dashed lines) of the clamp 10, namely when it is fed to a laying unit 13 for receiving the same without load. In this position, the extension 47, which naturally follows the pivoting movements of the toggle lever arm 30, is directed downward and lies against the underside of a nose 48 of the pawl 40 protruding from the holder 39. The latter is thereby turned clockwise.

Ein Anschlagstück 49 der Sperrklinke 40 erhält dadurch Anlage an einer Stützwand 50 des Halters 39. Die Sperrklinke 40 bzw. deren Nase 48 sind dadurch in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Position fixiert. Die Verlängerung 47 wird in der unteren Position gehalten. Der Kniehebel 26 kann trotz Belastung durch den Ausleger 11 nicht in die der Strecklage benachbarte, der Schließstellung der Klammer 10 entsprechende Position bewegt werden.A stop piece 49 of the pawl 40 is thereby in contact with a support wall 50 of the holder 39. The pawl 40 or its nose 48 are thereby fixed in the position shown in FIG. 3. The extension 47 is held in the lower position. The toggle lever 26 cannot be moved into the position adjacent to the extended position, corresponding to the closed position of the clamp 10, despite the load from the boom 11.

Wenn die Klammer 10 zur Aufnahme einer Verlegeeinheit auf diese bzw. auf einen Stapel abgesenkt wird, ergibt sich dadurch eine Entlastung des Kniehebels 26, mit der Folge, daß die Verlängerung 47 von der Unterseite der Nase 48 freikommt. Die unbelastete Sperrklinke 40 vollzieht dadurch infolge der Gewichtsverteilung eine Schwenkbewegung im Gegenuhrzeigersinn aus der Stellung gemäß Fig. 3 in die gemäß Fig. 4. Zugleich wird die Sperrklinke 40°unter Eigengewicht abwärtsgesenkt, so daß der Zapfen 44 aus der unteren Lage innerhalb des Langloches 45 (Fig. 3) in die obere Endlage (Fig. 4) wandert.When the clamp 10 is lowered onto a stack to receive a laying unit, the knee lever 26 is relieved, with the result that the extension 47 is released from the underside of the nose 48. The unloaded locking pawl 40 takes characterized due to the weight distribution of a pivoting movement in the counterclockwise direction from the position of FIG. 3 in accordance with Fig. 4. At the same time the pawl 40 ° is downwardly lowered under its own weight, so that the pin 44 from the lower position within the elongated hole 45 (Fig. 3) in the upper end position (Fig. 4).

Wird jetzt die Klammer 10 durch den Ausleger 11 angehoben, kann durch Bewegung des Kniehebels 26 in Richtung auf die Strecklage die Verlängerung 47 an der Sperrklinke 40 bzw. der Nase 48 vorbeibewegt werden. Die in der Ausgangsstellung (Fig. 3) ebenfalls über den Halter 39 hinwegstehende Stellklinke 41 wird durch die weiter aufwärtsbewegte Verlängerung 47 beaufschlagt und dadurch unter gleichzeitigem Verschwenken nach innen bewegt. Die Stellklinke 41 gelangt dabei aus der Stellung gemäß Fig. 4 in die gemäß Fig. 5. Hiermit geht eine Abwärtsbewegung der Stellklinke 41 einher. Diese Bewegung wiederum wird über den Verbindungszapfen 46 auf die Sperrklinke 40 übertragen, mit der Folge, daß diese in eine Bereitschaftsstellung (Fig.5) bewegt wird, in der die Nase 48 aus dem Halter 39 heraus- und in die Bewegungsbahn der Verlängerung 47 ragt.If the clamp 10 is now raised by the arm 11, the extension 47 can be moved past the pawl 40 or the nose 48 by moving the toggle lever 26 in the direction of the extended position. The adjusting pawl 41, which also protrudes beyond the holder 39 in the starting position (FIG. 3), is acted upon by the extension 47, which is moved further upward, and is thereby moved inward with simultaneous pivoting. The adjusting pawl 41 moves from the position according to FIG. 4 into that according to FIG. 5. This is accompanied by a downward movement of the adjusting pawl 41. This movement in turn is transmitted via the connecting pin 46 to the pawl 40, with the result that the latter is moved into a standby position (FIG. 5), in which the nose 48 protrudes from the holder 39 and into the movement path of the extension 47 .

Beim Absetzen der Verlegeeinheit 13 auf dem Untergrund (Planum) wird durch Nachdrücken mit dem Ausleger 11 der Kniehebel 26 in seine Knickstellung bewegt. Dabei läuft die Verlängerung 47 an der sich in der Stellung gemäß Fig. 5 befindlichen Sperrklinke 40 vorbei. Die Sperre 38 und die Verlängerung 47 befinden sich nun in einer Position, in der bei erneutem Anheben der Klammer 10 diese in der Öffnungsstellung wie beschrieben verriegelt wird (Übergang von der Position gemäß Fig.5 in die gemäß Fig.3).When the laying unit 13 is placed on the ground (subgrade), the toggle lever 26 is moved into its kink position by pressing with the boom 11. The extension 47 runs past the pawl 40 in the position shown in FIG. 5. The lock 38 and the extension 47 are now in a position in which when lifting the Clip 10 is locked in the open position as described (transition from the position shown in Figure 5 to that shown in Figure 3).

Die Klammer 10 gemäß Fig.1 bis 5 arbeitet demnach selbsttätig ohne manuellen Eingriff, allein durch vom Handgriff des Verlegegerätes aus durchzuführende Bewegungen desselben.The clamp 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 5 therefore works automatically without manual intervention, solely by movements of the same from the handle of the laying device.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform der Klammer 10 ist in Fig.6 dargestellt. In diesem Falle sind zwei zweiarmige Hebel 51 und 52 zur Beaufschlagung je einer Klemmbacke 16,17 vorgesehen. Die Hebel 51, 52 sind mit einem Schwenklager 53, 54 in der im Prinzip beschriebenen Weise an den Enden des Traggestells, nämlich der Traverse 24, gelagert. Aufgrund dieser Ausgestaltung ist ein Kniehebel 55 bei dieser Ausführung aus zwei im wesentlichen gleichen Kniehebelarmen 56, 57 gebildet. Diese schließen je über ein Drehlager 58, 59 an die freien Enden der Hebel 51, 52 an. Die einander zugekehrten Enden der Kniehebelarme 56, 57 sind schwenkbar bzw. gelenkig miteinander verbunden, vorzugsweise über einen gemeinsamen Gelenkbolzen 60. Dieser läuft in einer ebenfalls gemeinsamen aufrechten Führung, die im vorliegenden Fall aus einer Führungslasche 61 mit einem Langloch 62 zur Aufnahme des Gelenkbolzens 60 besteht. An diesem greift im vorliegenden Falle das Tragelement 12 an, so daß die anschließenden Enden der Kniehebelarme 56, 57 gemeinsam auf- und abbewegt werden.An alternative embodiment of the clip 10 is shown in Figure 6. In this case, two two-armed levers 51 and 52 are provided to act on one jaw 16, 17 each. The levers 51, 52 are mounted with a pivot bearing 53, 54 in the manner described in principle at the ends of the support frame, namely the cross member 24. Because of this configuration, a toggle lever 55 is formed in this embodiment from two substantially identical toggle lever arms 56, 57. These each connect to the free ends of the levers 51, 52 via a rotary bearing 58, 59. The mutually facing ends of the toggle lever arms 56, 57 are pivotally or articulatedly connected to one another, preferably via a common joint pin 60 consists. In the present case, the support element 12 engages this, so that the adjoining ends of the toggle lever arms 56, 57 are moved up and down together.

Die Kniehebelarme 56, 57 sind auch hier längenveränderlich, und zwar bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel durch ein Spannschloß 63 von im Prinzip bekannter Bauart.The toggle lever arms 56, 57 are also variable in length here, specifically in the exemplary embodiment shown by means of a turnbuckle 63 of a type known in principle.

In der Öffnungsstellung der Klammer (strichpunktierte Positionen) ist diese verriegelbar, und zwar durch Fest setzen des Kniehebels 55 in der unteren Position. Zu diesem Zweck ist hier an der Führungslasche 61 eine Sperrklinke 64 schwenkbar angeordnet. In der ausgezogenen, einwärtsgeschwenkten Position liegt diese Sperrklinke 64' mit einer Stütznase an dem Gelenkbolzen 60 an und verhindert so dessen Aufwärtsbewegung auch bei Belastung. Zum Entriegeln des Kniehebels 55 wird die Sperrklinke 64 in die gestrichelte Position zurückgezogen, wodurch der Gelenkbolzen 60 freikommt. Die Bewegungen der Sperrklinke 64 werden im Vorliegenden Fall durch einen Bowden-Zug 65 ausgelöst, der zweckmäßigerweise zur Bedienungsseite des Verlegegerätes, insbesondere zu einem Handgriff, führt. Die Klammer 10 kann dadurch insoweit von dem Handgriff des Verlegegerätes aus bedient werden.In the open position of the clamp (dash-dotted positions), it can be locked, namely by firmly setting the toggle lever 55 in the lower position. For this purpose, a pawl 64 is pivotally arranged on the guide bracket 61. In the extended, inwardly pivoted position, this pawl 64 'rests with a support lug on the hinge pin 60 and thus prevents its upward movement even under load. To unlock the toggle 55, the pawl 64 is pulled back into the dashed position, whereby the hinge pin 60 is released. The movements of the pawl 64 are triggered in the present case by a Bowden cable 65, which expediently leads to the operating side of the laying device, in particular to a handle. The clip 10 can thus be operated from the handle of the laying device.

Die Klemmbacken 16 und 17 sind bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel mit hochbelastbaren, elastisch zusammendrückbaren Belägen 66 auf der Klemmseite versehen. Diese gewähren ein elastisches Erfassen der Verlegeeinheiten.In the present exemplary embodiment, the clamping jaws 16 and 17 are provided with heavy-duty, elastically compressible coverings 66 on the clamping side. These allow the laying units to be gripped elastically.

Claims (14)

1. Clamp for plate-like concrete elements particularly for laying units (13) comprising loosely engaged concrete paving stones, for receiving, transporting and placing (laying) the same with a barrow-like laying means, wherein the plate-like concrete elements are engageable by at least two clamping jaws (16, 17) acting on two opposite, narrow, upright lateral surfaces and at least one of the clamping jaws (16,17) is arranged on a two-armed lever (21, 51, 52) subject to the action of a pressure member (26, 55), the power arm (22) of said lever having a multiple of the length of the load arm (20) receiving clamping jaws (17), characterized in that the pressure member comprises a toogle lever (26, 55) having at least one toggle lever arm (30, 31) formed from two telescopic parts (33) braced against one another, particularly by elastic pressure means (35).
2. Clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the toggle lever (26, 55) can be moved into a clamping position approximately corresponding to the extended position of the toggle lever (26, 55) by raising clamp (10) and preferably by the laying means (11) engaging with a support element (12) in the vicinity of the toggle lever joint (32).
3. Clamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the toggle lever arms (30, 31) have an unequal length, the longer toggle lever arm (31) being joined to the power arm (22) of the pivotable lever (21).
4. Clamp according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the effective length of the toggle lever (26, 55) and/or at least one toggle lever arm (30, 31, 56, 57) is adjustable, e. g. by a turnbuckle (63).
5. Clamp according to claim 1, as well as one of the further claims, characterized in that a rod (33) connected to the toggle lever joint (32) is displaceably mounted in a pipe (34) connected to the lever (21), wherein the compression spring (35) is supported under pretension on an adjustable stop (36) of the rod (33) and the facing end surfaces of tube (34).
6. Clamp according to claim 4, as well as one or more of the further claims, characterized in that the rod (33) projecting out of tube (34) is supported on the free end surface of the tube (34) by an adjustable setscrew (37).
7. Clamp according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two-armed lever (21) is angular for receiving clamp jaw (17), in such a way that the load arm (22) receiving clamping jaw (17) is substantially vertical in the clamping position, whereas the power arm (22) is directed at an acute angle thereto.
8. Clamp according to claim 1, as well as one or more of the further claims, characterized in that one clamping jaw (16) is rigidly, but adjust- ably fitted to the clamp (10), particularly on a cross-member (24) running substantially centrally and at right angles to the clamping jaws (16, 17).
9. Clamp according to one or more of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the case of a construction with only a single lever (21), the end of the toggle lever (26) remote from the movable clamping jaw (17) is pivotably mounted on a support frame of clamp (10), particularly on a cross-member (24), preferably on a bearing block (29).
10. Clamp according to one or more of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is locked against closing in the open position by a catch (38, 64), and which is unlockable by placing the clamp (10) on a support particularly on a stack of laying units (13) (automatically or through manual operation).
11. Clamp according to claim 10, characterized in that the catch (38) is acted on by the movement of toggle lever (26), in particular by an extension (47) of a toggle lever arm (30) fitted thereto.
12. Clamp according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the catch (38) has two pawls (retaining pawl 40, adjusting pawl 41) pivotably mounted on a holder and which are temporarily located in the path of movement of extension (47).
13. Clamp according to claim 1, as well as one or more of the further claims, characterized in that in particular with a construction having a pivotable lever (51, 52) for each clamping jaw (16, 17), the facing ends of toggle lever arms (56, 57) are mounted in a common guide (61, 62) connected to the support frame (24), preferably with a common joint bolt (60) on which engages support element (12).
14. Clamp according to claim 1, as well as one or more of the following claims, characterized in that a catch for the opening position of toggle lever (26, 55) can be operated by a Bowden cable (65) from the laying means.
EP81101101A 1980-02-22 1981-02-17 Gripper for slab-shaped concrete elements Expired EP0035159B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81101101T ATE13703T1 (en) 1980-02-22 1981-02-17 CLAMP FOR PANEL CONCRETE ELEMENTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3006652 1980-02-22
DE19803006652 DE3006652A1 (en) 1980-02-22 1980-02-22 CLAMP FOR PANEL-SHAPED CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0035159A2 EP0035159A2 (en) 1981-09-09
EP0035159A3 EP0035159A3 (en) 1982-02-24
EP0035159B1 true EP0035159B1 (en) 1985-06-05

Family

ID=6095291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81101101A Expired EP0035159B1 (en) 1980-02-22 1981-02-17 Gripper for slab-shaped concrete elements

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0035159B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56161287A (en)
AT (1) ATE13703T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1153602A (en)
DE (2) DE3006652A1 (en)
DK (1) DK76281A (en)
ES (1) ES265248Y (en)
NO (1) NO810518L (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8300230A (en) * 1983-01-21 1984-08-16 Luymes & Bal Aanneming PAVING METHOD AND GRAPER FOR USE IN THIS METHOD.
DE4206704A1 (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-09 Siegfried Bolz DEVICE FOR MANIPULATING HEAVY WORKPIECES
BE1013850A5 (en) * 2000-11-22 2002-10-01 Laurijssen B V B A Device for laying paving.
CA2808983C (en) 2013-03-05 2019-06-25 Techo-Bloc Inc. Transport apparatus and method for the transport, orientation and installation of a unit of paving blocks
CN107425465B (en) * 2017-05-12 2024-04-23 国网冀北电力有限公司秦皇岛供电公司 Single insulator hoisting device

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB783433A (en) * 1954-10-11 1957-09-25 Welding Ind Ltd Improvements in load gripping devices
US2866660A (en) * 1955-08-03 1958-12-30 L A Spring & Wire Corp Block-lifting grab
GB823664A (en) * 1956-03-21 1959-11-18 Uddeholms Ab Improvements in lifting device
CH406978A (en) * 1961-04-11 1966-01-31 Moskopf Peter Equipment for loading, unloading, stacking and transporting horizontally lying goods
FR1392875A (en) * 1964-04-10 1965-03-19 Handling and lifting device
DE2853656C2 (en) * 1978-12-13 1986-06-26 Optimas Bauelemente u. Baugeräte GmbH, 2915 Saterland Device for laying paving stones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES265248U (en) 1983-02-16
NO810518L (en) 1981-08-24
CA1153602A (en) 1983-09-13
ES265248Y (en) 1983-08-01
DK76281A (en) 1981-08-23
DE3170797D1 (en) 1985-07-11
DE3006652A1 (en) 1981-08-27
EP0035159A3 (en) 1982-02-24
JPS56161287A (en) 1981-12-11
ATE13703T1 (en) 1985-06-15
EP0035159A2 (en) 1981-09-09

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