EP0022155B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de roues dentées coniques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de roues dentées coniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022155B1
EP0022155B1 EP80102324A EP80102324A EP0022155B1 EP 0022155 B1 EP0022155 B1 EP 0022155B1 EP 80102324 A EP80102324 A EP 80102324A EP 80102324 A EP80102324 A EP 80102324A EP 0022155 B1 EP0022155 B1 EP 0022155B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
plunger
diameter
bevel
run
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80102324A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0022155A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Leykamm
Siegfried Knabel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KM Kabelmetal AG
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KM Kabelmetal AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KM Kabelmetal AG filed Critical KM Kabelmetal AG
Publication of EP0022155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022155A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0022155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022155B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing bevel gears, in which a cylindrical metallic blank, in particular made of steel, is deformed into a bevel gear in a press tool consisting of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press die and a control sleeve coaxially surrounding the press die.
  • a method according to the preamble is known from DE-C-2446413.
  • the diameter of the press ram is selected so that it is approximately the same Penetration circle of partial cone and small truncated cone surface with a maximum deviation of 20%.
  • the control sleeve has a truncated cone-shaped projection which projects into the interior of the die and corresponds to the envelope of the conical tooth heads of the die.
  • the punch diameter also determines the diameter of the cylindrical blank to be used. This is based on the teaching of DE-C-2 446 413 on the tooth flanks of the die, which leads to increased wear of the die.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for the non-cutting production of bevel gears, which does not result in such increased tool wear and makes it possible to produce a largely finished bevel gear in one work step without taking into account a preform of the raw part with respect to the diameter to be specially produced .
  • the method should also be applicable in the manufacture of bevel gears with a shaft.
  • a raw part is assumed whose diameter corresponds at most to the diameter of the smallest tooth root circle, that the raw part volume first flows in the radial direction into the toothing on the die side and in the axial direction on the die side in an annular gap formed by the press ram and the control sleeve and then the volume portion that has flowed into the annular gap is at least partially pressed back in the direction of the die and at the same time the ram penetrates into the bevel gear from the large bevel gear diameter.
  • the flow of the material into the annular gap and the pressing back of the material are coordinated with one another in such a way that a hollow shaft remains on the large bevel gear surface.
  • the invention further relates to a device for performing the method, which consists of a die containing the conical tooth form, a press ram and a control sleeve which coaxially surrounds the press ram and which can be pressed back by the material of the blank filling the die and which has an approach penetrating into the die space.
  • This known device is improved in that an axially movable guide sleeve is arranged between the press ram and the control sleeve.
  • the guide sleeve is freely movable over a limited path relative to the press ram, so that it can be easily moved by the material flowing into the annular gap. This path is adjustable and ends at a stop. In this way, stems of different lengths can be produced.
  • the teeth of the die in the area of the large bevel gear diameter show a cylindrical spline-like outlet
  • the neck of the control sleeve has a cylindrical part and then a conical part, the diameter of the cylindrical part being slightly smaller than the diameter of the spline-like outlet and the cone angle of the tapered part corresponds approximately to the angle of the tooth flanks of the die forming the tooth root cone of the bevel gear.
  • the attachment of the control sleeve has teeth that penetrate into the spline-like outlet.
  • the length of the spline-like outlet should at least correspond to the length L measured on the gear (Fig. 1).
  • the control sleeve is supported by springs during the entire pressing process relative to the press ram and is rigidly connected to the latter at the end of the pressing process. The approach of the control sleeve protrudes into the cavity of the die almost throughout the entire pressing process, and until the main amount of the material mass making up the gear body is predistributed.
  • control sleeve Towards the end of the forming process, the control sleeve is pushed back by the flowing back material under pre-tension of the springs, up to a stop, in order to then rigidly shape the gearwheel with the press ram.
  • the bore in the bevel gear is preformed by the press ram, which, as described above, can then be completed by punching out.
  • FIG. 1 shows the state before the start of the pressing
  • the right half of the figure shows the state towards the end of the pressing process.
  • the pressing tool essentially consists of parts 1 and 2, which are referred to below as the upper tool and lower tool, but part 1 can also be used as a lower tool and part 2 as an upper tool.
  • Part 1 - the die - carries the toothing 3 for a bevel gear and has a bore 4 in which an ejector (not shown) is arranged.
  • the tooth shape 3 of the die 1 has a cylindrical spline-like outlet 5.
  • the tool part 2 consists of a press ram 6, which is fixedly attached to the tool part 2 and the control sleeve 7, which is slidably mounted on the tool part 2 via springs 8 to the press ram 6. Between the ram 6 and the control sleeve 7 there is a guide sleeve 9 which is displaceable relative to the ram 6 over a limited path.
  • the control sleeve 7 carries an extension 10, which consists of a cylindrical part 11 and a conical part 12.
  • the tool parts 1 and 2 After inserting the raw part 13, the tool parts 1 and 2 are moved against one another, the attachment 10 on the control sleeve 7 penetrating into the mold cavity of the die 1 (see left half of the figure).
  • the material of the blank 13 is pressed radially outwards into the toothing 3 and at the same time into the annular gap between the press ram 6 and the control sleeve 7.
  • the stop surfaces 14 move towards one another. After the two stop surfaces 14 have touched (see right half of the figure), the now rigid workpiece is moved against each other until the workpiece has reached its intended shape.
  • the shoulder 10 presses on the preformed bevel gear and presses the material into areas of the tooth form 3 that may not yet be filled. At the same time, the material volume in the annular gap is pressed back into the die space by the guide sleeve 9. Likewise, the plunger 6 penetrates from the large bevel gear surface into the preformed bevel gear and creates a bore. Any excess material emerges between the teeth of the spline-shaped projection 5. Since the finished bevel gear has to be machined on the dashed line 15 anyway, the discharge of excess material at this point does not require a special operation.
  • the projection 10 has a toothing 17 penetrating into the toothing 3, the outer diameter of which is slightly smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the toothing 3.
  • the shoulder can be conical or cylindrical. be flat, it can also be designed according to the back taper of the gear (see FIG. 3).
  • the finished bevel gear is then pushed out of the die 1 by means of the ejector (not shown), and in a subsequent operation the bore of the bevel gear is completed by punching out the remaining slug.
  • the free path length of the guide sleeve 9 is adjustable and determines the height of the shaft 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour la fabrication de roues dentées coniques, par lequel une ébauche métallique cylindrique, notamment en acier, est conformée en une roue dentée conique, dans un outil. de pressage comprenant une matrice contenant le modèle de roue dentée, un poinçon de presse, et un manchon de commande entvurant coaxialement le poinçon - procédé caractérisé en ce qu'on part d'une pièce ébauche dont le diamètre maximal correspond au diamètre de la plus petite circonférence de pied de denture, le volume de la matière de l'ébauche s'écoulant tout d'abord, du côté de la matrice, en direction radiale, dans la denture, et, du côté poinçon, en direction axiale, et ensuite la fraction de volume qui s'est écoulée dans la fente annulaire étant refoulée et ramenée, au moins en partie dans la matrice, le poinçon de presse pénétrant en même temps dans la roue dentée conique à partir de son plus grande diamètre.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'écoulement de la matière dans la fente annulaire et le refoulement de la matière sont accordés entre eux de telle sorte qu'il reste un arbre creux ou »queue« sur la surface de plus grand diamètre de la roue conique.
3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on part d'une pièce ébauche en forme de cuvette avec un fond extrêmement épais.
4. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage central préformé dans l'ébauche est terminé de finition dans une opération suivante par estampage du trognon de métal restant.
5. Dispositif pour la mise en application du procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant une matrice contenant le moule modèle de denture conique, un poinçon de pressage et un manchon de commande entourant coaxialement le poinçon, au moyen duquel est refoulée la matière de l'ébauche remplissant la matrice, et qui est pourvu d'un appendice pénétrant dans le volume creux de la matrice, - dispositif caractérisé en ce que, entre le poinçon de pressage (6) et le manchon de commande (7), est disposée une douille de guidage (9) mobile axialement par rapport au poinçon (6).
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la denture (3) de la matrice (1) présente, dans la zone de plus grand diamètre de la roue dentée conique, une extrémité cylindrique (5) analoque à un arbre en coin, et l'appendice (10) du manchon de commande (7) présente une portion cylindrique (11) à laquelle se raccorde une portion conique (12), le diamètre de la portion cyclindrique (11) étant légèrement inférieur au diamètre de l'extrémité (5), et l'angle au sommet du cône de la portion conique (12) correspondant sensiblement à l'angle du flanc de denture de la matrice (1) qui forme le cône de pied de dent de la roue conique.
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la denture (3) de la matrice (1) présente, dans la zone de plus grand diamètre de la roue dentée conique, une extrémité cyclindrique (5) et l'appendice (10) du manchon de commande (7) présente une denture (17) qui pénètre dans l'extrémité (5) en forme d'arbre en coin.
8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de l'extrémité en forme d'arbre en coin (5) correspond au minimum à la longueur L de la roue dentée.
9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le manchon de commande (7) est supporté sur les ressorts (8), pendant la presque totalité de l'opération de pressage, par rapport au poinçon (6), et est relié rigidement à celui-ci vers la fin de cette opération.
EP80102324A 1979-07-05 1980-04-30 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de roues dentées coniques Expired EP0022155B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2927135A DE2927135B1 (de) 1979-07-05 1979-07-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnraedern
DE2927135 1979-07-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022155A1 EP0022155A1 (fr) 1981-01-14
EP0022155B1 true EP0022155B1 (fr) 1982-10-27

Family

ID=6074952

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80102324A Expired EP0022155B1 (fr) 1979-07-05 1980-04-30 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de roues dentées coniques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4590782A (fr)
EP (1) EP0022155B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2927135B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220031B1 (fr) * 1985-10-16 1990-12-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de forgeage
US4856167A (en) * 1987-02-12 1989-08-15 Eaton Corporation Method for producing near net ring gear forgings
US4798077A (en) * 1987-02-12 1989-01-17 Eaton Corporation Method for producing a family of forged ring rolling preforms and forging die therefor
FR2654025B1 (fr) * 1989-11-07 1994-06-03 Perrier Jean Procede et outillage pour le forgeage a froid de pignons dentes.
WO1997016270A1 (fr) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-09 Colfor Manufacturing, Inc. Appareil et procede permettant de forger un pignon presque a la cote desiree
US6260400B1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-17 Gohysu Corporation Full enclosed forging apparatus
FR2834763B1 (fr) * 2002-01-16 2004-07-09 Mecaniques Et Ind Speciales At Pignon planetaire de differentiel et son procede de fabrication
US7377042B2 (en) * 2004-07-13 2008-05-27 National Machinery Llc Method of cold-forming near net shape metal roller blanks for anti-friction bearings
SE532183C2 (sv) * 2007-09-28 2009-11-10 Nord Lock Ab Metod och anordning för tillverkning av brickor för låsning

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA645083A (en) * 1962-07-17 Fischer Hans Production of hollow bodies by pressing
US2285575A (en) * 1938-02-15 1942-06-09 Frank V Elbertz Bevel gear blank and the method and means for producing the same
GB1220845A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-01-27 Sataro Tokushima Method of producing steel products from scraps
DE2144006C3 (de) * 1971-09-02 1974-03-07 Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern
US3842646A (en) * 1973-04-20 1974-10-22 Gleason Works Process and apparatus for densifying powder metal compact to form a gear having a hub portion,and preferred powder metal compact shape for use therewith
DE7407061U (de) * 1973-04-20 1974-07-04 The Gleason Works Vorrichturg zum Verdichten eines Metallpulverpreßlings
DE2320336B2 (de) * 1973-04-21 1980-02-21 Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover Vorrichtung zur spanlosen Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern aus Metallrohteilen
DE2446413C3 (de) * 1974-09-28 1978-12-07 Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover Vorrichtung zum spanlosen Herstellen von Kegelzahnrädern
CA1075505A (fr) * 1976-09-22 1980-04-15 Gleason Works (The) Methode de detensionnement des matrices, et moyens connexes

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Publication number Publication date
US4590782A (en) 1986-05-27
EP0022155A1 (fr) 1981-01-14
DE2927135B1 (de) 1980-09-11

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