EP0006261B1 - Shredder for bulky and/or tough material - Google Patents
Shredder for bulky and/or tough material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0006261B1 EP0006261B1 EP79200280A EP79200280A EP0006261B1 EP 0006261 B1 EP0006261 B1 EP 0006261B1 EP 79200280 A EP79200280 A EP 79200280A EP 79200280 A EP79200280 A EP 79200280A EP 0006261 B1 EP0006261 B1 EP 0006261B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- segments
- collar
- flanks
- comminuting
- shaft
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
- B02C18/184—Disc-shaped knives with peripherally arranged demountable cutting tips or elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
- Y10S241/31—Rubber preparation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shredder for bulky and / or stubborn parts to be destroyed, in particular for body parts and car tires, comprising two parallel rotary axes arranged to rotate in opposite directions, and which bear, longitudinally alternately on a shaft and on the other, shredding rings formed of segments, at least some of which are shredding segments provided with spouts.
- Patent disclosure CH 553 004 proposes a grinding apparatus corresponding to the generic definition above.
- the grinding apparatus according to this Swiss patent indeed has two parallel axes rotating in opposite directions and which support longitudinally alternating shredding rings formed of segments provided with spouts.
- the fixing on the axes of the segments forming the crowns is not such as to provide a very high resistance with regard to very high mechanical stresses, in particular in the axial direction.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a shredder which responds to this wish by a very high tenacity of the shredding rings also in the axial direction.
- the shredder according to the invention achieves this object by its characteristics consisting in that all the segments have a transverse profile in the shape of an inverted U which gives them a form of yoke making them suitable for styling a collar.
- circular presented being integral with it by each tree at a place where it must wear a crown, each segment thus having two flanks which engage respectively on one side and the other of the collar, and fastening members passing through the sides of the segments and the collar for securely fixing the segments forming the crown to the shaft, the axial support of the sides of the segments against the collar ensuring the resistance of the crowns to the axial mechanical stresses which occur during operation .
- all of said segments are shredding segments provided with spouts or on the contrary that only a part of these segments are shredding segments provided with spouts while the others are spacing segments inserted between the shredding segments.
- said fixing means are formed of externally smooth pins, provided with a thread and comprising at one end a outer flange forming a trunnion head, of a screw with a tight cylindrical head with pre-stressing by screwing at the other end of the trunnion, this screw having a part forming a head which extends beyond the diameter of the trunnion, the flanks of the segments comprising holes corresponding axial of the same diameter, with an external recess having the depth and the diameter desired to receive entirely, respectively, the head of the screw and the head of the trunnion, the pre-stressed assembly trunnion-screw is engaged in said bores of the collar and segment flanks, the nut and trunnion heads being entirely inside the recesses of the flanks, but without s axial wander.
- a toughness with regard to specially high radial stresses is obtained by providing, in each segment, at least two of said holes in the vicinity of the ends of the segments, the position of the holes in the sides and the collar being determined so that, when the segment is fixed to the collar, the edge, forming a portion of internal cylindrical surface, the sides of the segment is applied against an external cylindrical bearing surface that the shaft has at the locations which are at the feet of the collar.
- the collars have a thickness slightly greater than one third of the thickness of a crown. while each of the two sides has a thickness slightly less than a third of the thickness of the crown, which corresponds to the total thickness of the segments.
- the shredder comprises a frame 1, made of sections and sheets preferably of steel, and on which are mounted, in a rotary manner, two rotary shafts 2 and 3, each carrying a plurality of shredding rings 4, arranged longitudinally alternately on one shaft and on the other.
- the axial spacing of the crowns (4) of the same shaft is substantially equal to the axial thickness of the crown.
- motors preferably hydraulic motors, 5 and 6, shown schematically in FIG. 2.
- combs 7 are arranged which prevent the shredded material from going up laterally towards the top of the shredder in case it tends to adhere to the trees and shredding crowns.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 The general constitution and mode of operation of a shredder such as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 being known, (in particular Swiss patent statements Nos. 576 812 and 587 082), we will now describe, in conjunction with FIGS. 3, 3a and 4, the particular constitution of the shredding crowns in the shredder which is the subject of the invention.
- a crown is formed, for example, as shown in fig. 3, three shredding segments 8 provided with spouts 9 between which there are three spacing segments 10, not provided with spouts.
- a crown can also, as shown in fig. 3a, be formed of three shredding segments 8a each corresponding to a third of the crown, or else of two shredding segments 8b each corresponding to a half-crown.
- All the segments that is to say both the shredding segments 8, 8a, 8b and the spacing segments 10, have the profile shown in FIG. 4.
- This profile is substantially in the form of an inverted U and it can be seen that it gives each segment a form of yoke having two lateral flanks 11.
- the two shafts 2 and 3 comprise, distributed with a corresponding longitudinal pitch to that of shredding crowns, collars 12 whose width (dimension in the axial direction) corresponds exactly to the width of the "groove that the inverted U-shaped profile establishes in the segments.
- Each segment, 8, 10 is thus threaded on a collar portion 12, and its sides 11 come to bear axially against the lateral faces of the collar.
- the shafts 2 and 3 comprise cylindrical bearing surfaces 16, of a precisely established diameter, against which the concave (or internal) cylindrical surfaces 17 presented by the edges of the sides 11 of the segments 8 and 10 come to bear, thus firmly defining the position of the segment on the shaft and on the collar.
- Precision holes 18 are established through the collar, in twelve places distributed around the circumference in a manner clearly visible in FIG. 3, that is to say arranged near the two ends of six equal sectors.
- Holes 19, of identical diameter and identical spacing, are established through the sides of the segments, in the vicinity of the ends thereof. As shown in Fig. 4, these holes exactly coincide in the collar and in the sides of the segments arranged on the collars, so that each segment is tenaciously secured to the collar and the shaft which supports it.
- the thickness of the collars 12 and the thickness of the sides 11 of the segments are established so as to give the greatest possible solidity to the anchoring of the segments on the shaft, in particular with regard to axial mechanical stresses.
- the thickness of the collar 12 is slightly greater than one third of the total thickness of a crown, while the thickness of the sides 11 of the segments is slightly less than one third of the total thickness.
- the pins 13 are externally smooth, their diameter corresponding to the diameter of the holes 18 and 19 of the collar and the sides of the segments.
- the trunnion 13 comprises a central thread 21 in which the screw 14 is engaged. At one of its ends, the trunnion 13 comprises a flange projecting outwards and forming a trunnion head 20.
- the screw head 15 is analogous to the trunnion head 20.
- the sides 11 of the segments 8, 10 comprise, at the mouth of the bores which pass through them, recesses 25 intended to receive the trunnion and screw heads completely, respectively 20 and 15.
- the trunnion-screw assembly 13, 14 forms a pre-stressed whole, the screw being stressed in tension while the trunnion is stressed in shearing, this pre-stress ensuring the blocking of the two parts, one with respect to the 'other, that is to say eliminating the risk of seeing the screw 14 unscrew from the pin 13.
- the screw head 14 is slotted.
- the pin-screw assembly 13, 14 is made of high strength steel.
- the shafts 2 and 3 comprise smooth cylindrical surfaces 28 forming "anvil for the action of shredding and cutting of the nozzles 9 of the crown which faces them.
- the positioning of the holes through the collars and through the sides of the segments must be very precise, just as the diameter of these holes must correspond precisely to the outside diameter of the trunnions.
- the current technique knows means of machining which, with certain precautions, make it possible to obtain the holes in question with the tolerance of diameter and very tight positioning which is essential.
- the shape of the spouts 9 can be established according to the different possibilities that the prior shredders already knew, depending on the nature of the materials to be shredded. With the construction described above, it is possible to change an isolated segment if it is damaged, without having to dismantle the rest of the segments. It is also possible to provide shredding segments on a crown having different types of beak, and it is also possible to provide different numbers of shredding segments, all of the shredding segments and spacing segments naturally having to always form a circumference complete.
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un déchiqueteur pour pièces encombrantes et/ou tenaces à détruire, notamment pour pièces de carrosseries et pneus de voitures, comprenant deux axes rotatifs parallèles agencés pour tourner en sens opposé, et qui portent, de façon longitudinalement alternée sur un arbre et sur l'autre, des couronnes de déchiquetage formées de segments dont certains au moins sont des segments de déchiquetage munis de becs.The present invention relates to a shredder for bulky and / or stubborn parts to be destroyed, in particular for body parts and car tires, comprising two parallel rotary axes arranged to rotate in opposite directions, and which bear, longitudinally alternately on a shaft and on the other, shredding rings formed of segments, at least some of which are shredding segments provided with spouts.
L'exposé de brevet CH 553 004 propose un appareil de broyage correspondant à la définition générique ci-dessus. L'appareil de broyage selon ce brevet suisse comporte en effet deux axes parallèles tournant en sens opposé et qui supportent de manière longitudinalement alternée des couronnes de déchiquetage formées de segments munis de becs. Toutefois, la fixation sur les axes des segments formant les couronnes n'est pas de nature à fournir une très grande résistance à l'égard de très fortes sollicitations mécaniques, notamment en direction axiale.Patent disclosure CH 553 004 proposes a grinding apparatus corresponding to the generic definition above. The grinding apparatus according to this Swiss patent indeed has two parallel axes rotating in opposite directions and which support longitudinally alternating shredding rings formed of segments provided with spouts. However, the fixing on the axes of the segments forming the crowns is not such as to provide a very high resistance with regard to very high mechanical stresses, in particular in the axial direction.
Par ailleurs, les exposés de brevets CH 576 812 et 587 082, au nom du requérant, proposent des déchiqueteurs du type sus-mentionné. Plusieurs solutions sont proposées dans ces exposés antérieurs pour constituer les 'couronnes de déchiquetage. Une première solution proposée consistait à ancrer des becs ou couteaux dans une pièce annulaire elle-même enfilée sur un dit arbre, la solidarisation de la pièce annulaire et de l'arbre étant obtenue par un profil de six-pans de l'arbre et de l'ouverture correspondante de la pièce annulaire.Furthermore, the patent statements CH 576 812 and 587 082, in the name of the applicant, propose shredders of the above-mentioned type. Several solutions are proposed in these previous presentations to constitute the 'shredding crowns. A first proposed solution consisted in anchoring beaks or knives in an annular part itself threaded on a said shaft, the joining of the annular part and the shaft being obtained by a hexagonal profile of the shaft and the corresponding opening of the annular part.
Une solution plus évoluée était proposée par l'exposé CH 587 082 et consistait à composer la couronne de différents éléments formant des segments de couronne, éléments qui étaient directement ancrés sur des cannelures appropriées de l'arbre, et qui étaient liés entre eux pour former une couronne composite. Les déchiqueteurs réalisés selon ce dernier principe se sont avérés très robustes et le déchiqueteur précédemment mentionné, selon l'exposé de brevet suisse n° 553 004. est certainement robuste aussi ; toutefois, il est apparu que, du fait des sollicitations axiales extrêmement fortes qui se produisaient en fonctionnement, une constitution de couronne de déchiquetage assurant une meilleure rigidité axiale introduirait un perfectionnement fort appréciable. En effet, compte tenu des très fortes sollicitations mécaniques qui interviennent aussi bien en direction axiale qu'en direction radiale, il serait fort avantageux que la ténacité, c'est-à-dire la résistance à l'égard des risques de rupture et/ou de déformations inadmissibles soit, si possible, du même ordre de grandeur dans le sens radial et dans le sens axial. Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un déchiqueteur qui réponde à ce souhait par une très grande ténacité des couronnes de déchiquetage également dans le sens axial.A more advanced solution was proposed by the presentation CH 587 082 and consisted in composing the crown of different elements forming crown segments, elements which were directly anchored on appropriate splines of the tree, and which were linked together to form a composite crown. The shredders produced according to this latter principle have proven to be very robust and the previously mentioned shredder, according to the Swiss patent disclosure No. 553 004. is certainly also robust; however, it appeared that, due to the extremely strong axial stresses which occurred in operation, a constitution of shredding ring ensuring better axial rigidity would introduce a very appreciable improvement. Indeed, given the very high mechanical stresses which occur both in the axial direction and in the radial direction, it would be very advantageous for the toughness, that is to say the resistance with respect to the risks of rupture and / or inadmissible deformation, if possible, of the same order of magnitude in the radial direction and in the axial direction. The object of the present invention is to provide a shredder which responds to this wish by a very high tenacity of the shredding rings also in the axial direction.
Le déchiqueteur selon l'invention, du type générique précédemment défini, atteint ce but de par ses caractéristiques consistant en ce que tous les segments ont un profil transversal en forme de U renversé qui leur donne une forme de chape les rendant aptes à coiffer un collet circulaire présenté, en faisant corps avec lui par chaque arbre à un endroit où il doit porter une couronne, chaque segment ayant ainsi deux flancs qui s'engagent respectivement d'un côté et de l'autre du collet, et des organes de fixation traversant les flancs des segments et le collet pour fixer solidement sur l'arbre les segments formant la couronne, l'appui axial des flancs des segments contre le collet assurant la résistance des couronnes à l'égard des contraintes mécaniques axiales qui interviennent en cours de fonctionnement.The shredder according to the invention, of the generic type previously defined, achieves this object by its characteristics consisting in that all the segments have a transverse profile in the shape of an inverted U which gives them a form of yoke making them suitable for styling a collar. circular presented, being integral with it by each tree at a place where it must wear a crown, each segment thus having two flanks which engage respectively on one side and the other of the collar, and fastening members passing through the sides of the segments and the collar for securely fixing the segments forming the crown to the shaft, the axial support of the sides of the segments against the collar ensuring the resistance of the crowns to the axial mechanical stresses which occur during operation .
Selon le cas, on peut prévoir que tous lesdits segments sont des segments de déchiquetage munis de becs ou au contraire que seule une partie de ces segments sont des segments de déchiquetage munis de becs tandis que les autres sont des segments d'espacement intercalés entre les segments de déchiquetage.Depending on the case, it can be provided that all of said segments are shredding segments provided with spouts or on the contrary that only a part of these segments are shredding segments provided with spouts while the others are spacing segments inserted between the shredding segments.
Avantageusement, afin de former un déchiquetage particulièrement robuste à tous égards, tout en restant d'une conception relativement simple et assez facile à concrétiser, lesdits moyens de fixation sont formés de tourillons extérieurement lisses, munis d'un taraudage et comprenant à une extrémité une collerette extérieure formant tête de tourillon, d'une vis à tête cylindrique serrée avec pré-contrainte par vissage à l'autre extrémité du tourillon, cette vis présentant une partie formant tête qui déborde le diamètre du tourillon, les flancs des segments comprenant des perçages axiaux correspondants de même diamètre, avec un chambrage extérieur ayant la profondeur et le diamètre voulus pour recevoir entièrement, respectivement, la tête de la vis et la tête du tourillon, l'ensemble pré-contraint tourillon-vis se trouve engagé dans lesdits perçages du collet et des flancs de segments, les têtes d'écrou et de tourillon étant entièrement à l'intérieur des chambrages des flancs, mais sans serrage axial.Advantageously, in order to form a particularly robust shredding in all respects, while remaining of a relatively simple design and fairly easy to materialize, said fixing means are formed of externally smooth pins, provided with a thread and comprising at one end a outer flange forming a trunnion head, of a screw with a tight cylindrical head with pre-stressing by screwing at the other end of the trunnion, this screw having a part forming a head which extends beyond the diameter of the trunnion, the flanks of the segments comprising holes corresponding axial of the same diameter, with an external recess having the depth and the diameter desired to receive entirely, respectively, the head of the screw and the head of the trunnion, the pre-stressed assembly trunnion-screw is engaged in said bores of the collar and segment flanks, the nut and trunnion heads being entirely inside the recesses of the flanks, but without s axial wander.
Une ténacité à l'égard des sollicitations radiales spécialement élevées est obtenue en prévoyant, dans chaque segment, au moins deux desdits perçages au voisinage des extrémités des segments, la position des perçages dans les flancs et le collet étant déterminée de façon telle que, lorsque le segment est fixé sur le collet, la tranche, formant une portion de surface cylindrique intérieure, des flancs du segment soit appliquée contre une surface cylindrique extérieure d'appui que l'arbre présente aux endroits qui se situent au pieds du collet.A toughness with regard to specially high radial stresses is obtained by providing, in each segment, at least two of said holes in the vicinity of the ends of the segments, the position of the holes in the sides and the collar being determined so that, when the segment is fixed to the collar, the edge, forming a portion of internal cylindrical surface, the sides of the segment is applied against an external cylindrical bearing surface that the shaft has at the locations which are at the feet of the collar.
Avantageusement, pour obtenir une solidité au moins approximativement égale des différents éléments sujets à de fortes sollicitations mécaniques, les collets ont une épaisseur légèrement supérieure au tiers de l'épaisseur d'une couronne tandis que chacun des deux flancs a une épaisseur légèrement inférieure au tiers de l'épaisseur de la couronne, qui correspond à l'épaisseur totale des segments.Advantageously, to obtain an at least approximately equal solidity of the various elements subject to high mechanical stresses, the collars have a thickness slightly greater than one third of the thickness of a crown. while each of the two sides has a thickness slightly less than a third of the thickness of the crown, which corresponds to the total thickness of the segments.
Le dessin annexé illustre, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution de l'objet de l'invention ; dans ce dessin :
- la figure 1 est une vue générale en coupe transversale d'un déchiqueteur du type en question,
- la figure 2 est une vue générale en plan du même déchiqueteur, la partie inférieure droite de la fig. 2 montrant toutefois déjà d'une façon plus détaillée une particularité constructive du déchiqueteur, à savoir la forme d'un arbre porte-couronne telle qu'elle apparaît en l'absence de couronne sur cet arbre, trois couronnes d'un arbre ayant à cet effet été omises à la partie inférieure droite de la fig. 2,
- les figures 3 et 3a montrent en coupe une couronne composite (avec diverses variantes) montée sur un arbre, ce dernier étant visible en coupe sur cette figure, et
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe, dans un plan radial-axial indique-en IV-IV sur la fig. 3, de la disposition d'un segment ayant le profil d'un U retourné sur un collet présenté par l'arbre, collet auquel ce segment est lié par des assemblabes pré-contraints « tourillons-vis ».
- FIG. 1 is a general view in cross section of a shredder of the type in question,
- FIG. 2 is a general plan view of the same shredder, the lower right part of FIG. 2, however, already showing in a more detailed manner a constructive characteristic of the shredder, namely the shape of a crown-carrier shaft as it appears in the absence of a crown on this tree, three crowns of a tree having to this effect was omitted at the lower right of fig. 2,
- FIGS. 3 and 3a show in section a composite crown (with various variants) mounted on a shaft, the latter being visible in section in this figure, and
- Figure 4 is a sectional view in a radial-axial plane indicated in IV-IV in FIG. 3, the arrangement of a segment having the profile of a U turned over a collar presented by the shaft, a collar to which this segment is linked by pre-stressed assemblies “trunnions-screws”.
Sur les fig. 1 et 2, on voit que le déchiqueteur comprend un bâti 1, fait de profilés et de tôles de préférence en acier, et sur lequel sont montés, de façon rotative, deux arbres rotatifs 2 et 3, portant chacun une pluralité de couronnes de déchiquetage 4, disposées de façon longitudinalement alternée sur un arbre et sur l'autre. L'espacement axial des couronnes (4) d'un même arbre est substantiellement égal à l'épaisseur axiale de la couronne. Ces deux arbres sont mus par des moteurs, de préférence des moteurs hydrauliques, 5 et 6, représentés schématiquement à la fig. 2.In fig. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the shredder comprises a
Depuis les côtés du bâti, aux endroits correspondant aux espaces entre les couronnes voisines de ces côtés, se trouvent disposés des peignes 7 qui empêchent que la matière déchiquetée remonte latéralement vers le haut du déchiqueteur au cas où elle aurait tendance à adhérer aux arbres et aux couronnes de déchiquetage.From the sides of the frame, at the points corresponding to the spaces between the crowns adjacent to these sides,
La constitution générale et le mode de fonctionnement d'un déchiqueteur comme celui qui est représenté aux fig. 1 et 2 étant connus, (notamment des exposés de brevets suisses n°• 576 812 et 587 082), on décrira maintenant, en liaison avec les fig. 3, 3a et 4, la constitution particulière des couronnes de déchiquetage dans le déchiqueteur objet de l'invention..The general constitution and mode of operation of a shredder such as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 being known, (in particular Swiss patent statements Nos. 576 812 and 587 082), we will now describe, in conjunction with FIGS. 3, 3a and 4, the particular constitution of the shredding crowns in the shredder which is the subject of the invention.
On voit qu'une couronne est formée, par exemple, comme le montre la fig. 3, de trois segments de déchiquetage 8 munis de becs 9 entre lesquels se trouvent trois segments d'espacement 10, non munis de becs. En variante, comme cela est montré en pointillés à la fig. 3, on pourrait avoir six segments de déchiquetage 8 munis de becs 9, ceci étant question de convenance, la solution adéquate étant à choisir en fonction de la matière à déchiqueter.We see that a crown is formed, for example, as shown in fig. 3, three
On remarquera cependant qu'une couronne peut également, comme le montre la fig. 3a, être formée de trois segments de déchiquetage 8a correspondant chacun à un tiers de couronne, ou encore de deux segments de déchiquetage 8b correspondant chacun à une demi-couronne.Note, however, that a crown can also, as shown in fig. 3a, be formed of three
Tous les segments, c'est-à-dire aussi bien les segments de déchiquetage 8, 8a, 8b que les segments d'espacement 10, ont le profil représenté à la fig. 4. Ce profil est substantiellement en forme de U renversé et l'on voit qu'il donne à chaque segment une forme de chape ayant deux flancs latéraux 11. Par ailleurs, les deux arbres 2 et 3 comprennent, répartis avec un pas longitudinal correspondant à celui des couronnes déchiqueteuses, des collets 12 dont la largeur (dimension dans le sens axial) correspond exactement à la largeur du « sillon que le profil en forme de U renversé établit dans les segments. Chaque segment, 8, 10, est ainsi enfilé sur une portion de collet 12, et ses flancs 11 viennent en appui axial contre les faces latérales du collet.All the segments, that is to say both the
La fixation des segments sur le collet, c'est-à-dire sur l'arbre, est effectuée au moyen d'ensembles « tourillons-vis 13, 14, qui seront décrits plus loin d'une façon plus détaillée.The attachment of the segments on the collar, that is to say on the shaft, is carried out by means of “screw-
Aux pieds de chaque collet, les arbres 2 et 3 comprennent des surfaces cylindriques d'appui 16, d'un diamètre établi avec précision, contre lesquelles les surfaces cylindriques concaves (ou intérieures) 17 présentées par les tranches des flancs 11 des segments 8 et 10 viennent en appui, définissant ainsi fermement la position du segment sur l'arbre et sur le collet. Des perçages de précision 18 sont établis à travers le collet, en douze endroits répartis sur la circonférence d'une manière bien visible à la fig. 3, c'est-à-dire disposés à proximité des deux extrémités de six secteurs égaux. Des perçages 19, d'un diamètre identique et d'un espacement identique, sont établis à travers les flancs des segments, au voisinage des extrémités de ceux-ci. Comme le montre la fig.4, ces perçages coïncident exactement dans le collet et dans les flancs des segments disposés sur les collets, de sorte que chaque segment se trouve solidarisé d'une façon tenace avec le collet et l'arbre qui le supportent. L'épaisseur des collets 12 et l'épaisseur des flancs 11 des segments sont établies de façon à donner la plus grande solidité possible à l'ancrage des segments sur l'arbre, en particulier à l'égard des contraintes mécaniques axiales. Pour cela, l'épaisseur du collet 12 est légèrement supérieure au tiers de l'épaisseur totale d'une couronne, tandis que l'épaisseur des flancs 11 des segments est légèrement inférieure au tiers de l'épaisseur totale.At the feet of each collar, the
Comme les segments s'appuient par leur base 17 contre les surfaces d'appui 16 de l'arbre, on a laissé, pour faciliter la fabrication, un léger jeu de tolérance à l'endroit où voisinent la circonférence extérieure du collet et le fond du sillon situé dans le segment.As the segments bear by their
Les tourillons 13 sont extérieurement lisses, leur diamètre correspondant au diamètre des perçages 18 et 19 du collet et des flancs des segments.The pins 13 are externally smooth, their diameter corresponding to the diameter of the
Le tourillon 13 comprend un taraudage central 21 dans lequel est engagée la vis 14. A une de ses extrémités, le tourillon 13 comprend une collerette débordant vers l'extérieur et formant une tête de tourillon 20.The trunnion 13 comprises a
La tête de vis 15 est analogue à la tête de tourillon 20. Les flancs 11 des segments 8, 10 comprennent, à l'embouchure des perçages qui les traversent, des chambrages 25 destinés à recevoir totalement les têtes de tourillon et de vis, respectivement 20 et 15.The
L'ensemble tourillon-vis 13, 14, forme un tout pré-contraint, la vis étant sollicitée à la traction tandis que le tourillon est sollicité du cisaillement, cette pré-contrainte assurant le blocage des deux pièces l'une par rapport à l'autre, c'est-à-dire éliminant les risques de voir la vis 14 se dévisser du tourillon 13. Il y a donc serrage entre la vis 14 et l'extrémité du tourillon 13, il n'y a par contre pas serrage des têtes de tourillon 13 et de vis 14 contre les fonds des chambrages 25 des flancs 11 du segment.The trunnion-
Afin d'assurer la liaison de la vis 14 sur le tourillon 13, ce dernier comprend un taraudage de longueur suffisante, selon les règles de la construction mécanique ayant trait à la résistance des matériaux. On note que, pour des raisons de commodité, la tête de vis 14 est à fente.In order to ensure the connection of the
Il va sans dire que, de même que les segments de déchiquetage et de préférence également les segments d'espacement, l'ensemble tourillon-vis 13, 14, est réalisé en un acier à haûte résistance.It goes without saying that, like the shredding segments and preferably also the spacing segments, the pin-
On note également que, contre les couronnes déchiqueteuses, les arbres 2 et 3 comprennent des surfaces cylindriques lisses 28 formant « enclume pour l'action de déchiquetage et de découpage des becs 9 de la couronne qui leur fait face.It is also noted that, against the shredding crowns, the
Le positionnement des perçages à travers les collets et à travers les flancs des segments doit être très précis, de même que le diamètre de ces perçages doit correspondre avec précision au diamètre extérieur des tourillons. La technique actuelle connaît des moyens d'usinage qui, moyennant certaines précautions, permettent d'obtenir les perçages en question avec la tolérance de diamètre et de positionnement très serrée qui s'impose.The positioning of the holes through the collars and through the sides of the segments must be very precise, just as the diameter of these holes must correspond precisely to the outside diameter of the trunnions. The current technique knows means of machining which, with certain precautions, make it possible to obtain the holes in question with the tolerance of diameter and very tight positioning which is essential.
La forme des becs 9 peut être établie selon les différentes possibilités que connaissaient déjà les déchiqueteurs antérieurs, en fonction de la nature des matières à déchiqueter. Avec la construction ci-décrite, il est possible de changer un segment isolé si celui-ci est abîmé, sans avoir à démonter le reste des segments. Il est possible également de prévoir sur une couronne des segments déchiqueteurs présentant différents types de bec, et il est également possible de prévoir des nombres différents de segments déchiqueteurs, l'ensemble des segments déchiqueteurs et des segments d'espacement devant naturellement toujours former une circonférence complète.The shape of the
Dans la forme d'exécution ci-décrite, qui correspond à un prototype réalisé qui a donné toute satisfaction, notamment du point de vue de la ténacité et de la résistance aux contraintes axiales et radiales, on a prévu six segments par couronne. Il serait naturellement possible d'envisager d'autres formes d'exécution comprenant un nombre différent de segments par couronne, la construction en question impliquant que ce nombre soit d'au moins deux, et de préférence d'au moins trois.In the embodiment described below, which corresponds to a prototype produced which has given all satisfaction, in particular from the point of view of toughness and resistance to axial and radial stresses, six segments have been provided per crown. It would naturally be possible to envisage other embodiments comprising a different number of segments per crown, the construction in question implying that this number is at least two, and preferably at least three.
Avec la rigidité de positionnement axial des couronnes accrue que fournit la présente conception, on utilise de préférence des moteurs hydrauliques munis de dispositifs détecteurs de surcharge qui permettent d'arrêter, voire d'inverser, la rotation des arbres rotatifs s'il s'avère qu'une partie de matériau à déchiqueter par trop dure ou résistante tend à bloquer le fonctionnement du déchiqueteur. On évite ainsi d'abimer les couronnes et les becs de déchiquetage. De tels dispositifs de sécurité ont été décrits dans les exposés de brevets suisses précédemment mentionnés et sont naturellement montés également dans le déchiqueteur selon l'invention, d'une façon qui leur permet de déployer toute leur efficacité.With the increased axial positioning rigidity of the crowns provided by the present design, it is preferable to use hydraulic motors provided with overload detection devices which make it possible to stop or even reverse the rotation of the rotary shafts if it turns out that a part of the material to be shredded that is too hard or resistant tends to block the operation of the shredder. This avoids damaging the crowns and the shredding spouts. Such security devices have been described in the Swiss patent disclosures previously mentioned and are naturally also mounted in the shredder according to the invention, in a way which allows them to deploy their full effectiveness.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT79200280T ATE1268T1 (en) | 1978-06-20 | 1979-06-06 | MACHINE FOR SHREDDING BULKY AND/OR TOUGH GOOD. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH670178A CH621267A5 (en) | 1978-06-20 | 1978-06-20 | |
CH6701/78 | 1978-06-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0006261A1 EP0006261A1 (en) | 1980-01-09 |
EP0006261B1 true EP0006261B1 (en) | 1982-06-30 |
Family
ID=4313686
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79200280A Expired EP0006261B1 (en) | 1978-06-20 | 1979-06-06 | Shredder for bulky and/or tough material |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4241882A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0006261B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5531486A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE1268T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1134795A (en) |
CH (1) | CH621267A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2963226D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES481658A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT69777A (en) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3170900D1 (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1985-07-11 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Removing cylinder for bales of fibres |
US4394983A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1983-07-26 | Kaca Corporation | Tire and refuse shredder |
JPS5851319U (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-07 | オムロン株式会社 | voltage output circuit |
ZA829181B (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1983-10-26 | Mmd Design & Consult | Mineral sizers |
EP0096706B1 (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1988-02-24 | Mmd Design And Consultancy Limited | Mineral sizers |
EP0093223A1 (en) * | 1982-04-29 | 1983-11-09 | Officina Meccanica Pierangelo Colombo | Improved sector knife and driving shaft arrangement, particularly for crushing apparatus and the like |
US4603816A (en) * | 1982-10-01 | 1986-08-05 | Blower Application Company | Rotary shredder |
GB8432545D0 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1985-02-06 | Ofrex Group Plc | Shredding machines |
US4627581A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-12-09 | Tire-Gator, Inc. | Anti-foul device for tire carcass cutting and shredding apparatus |
US4726530A (en) * | 1985-08-07 | 1988-02-23 | Energy Recovery Systems, Inc. | Method of resource recovery from used tires |
US4776249A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-10-11 | Barclay Randel L | Resharpenable rotary shearing apparatus |
DE3829605C2 (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1994-01-13 | Hagemann & Partner Ges Fuer Um | Shredding device for asbestos panels |
DE3918657C2 (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1994-02-10 | Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh | Rotor with protective caps |
US5100069A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-31 | Barclay Randel L | Hubless interlocking shearing machine with shallow gullet depths |
US5145120A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-09-08 | Barclay Randel L | Fixed-width shear members for a waste reduction apparatus |
JPH0753712Y2 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1995-12-13 | 株式会社キンキ | Cutting blade for shredder |
US5133236A (en) * | 1991-03-29 | 1992-07-28 | Dudley Joseph E | Tire cutting tool |
US5285707A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1994-02-15 | Allegheny Paper Shredders, Inc. | Tire cutting machine |
US5295633A (en) * | 1992-01-13 | 1994-03-22 | Fellowes Manufacturing Company | Document shredding machine with stripper and cutting mechanism therefore |
US5318231A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-06-07 | Norman J. Emanuel | Rotary shredding cutters |
AU4939993A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-04-10 | Maurice Deschamps | Shredding apparatus with shearing action |
US5490637A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1996-02-13 | Golesis; Kyriakos | Metal shredding machine |
US5722604A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1998-03-03 | Dudley; Russell D. | Metal scrap shredder |
US5829690A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1998-11-03 | Sudrohrbau Gmbh & Co. | Shredding apparatus with shearing action |
EP1023942B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2002-03-27 | SID Société Industrielle de la Doux S.A. | Shredding device with at least one rotary shaft |
US6045072A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-04-04 | Diamond Z Manufacturing | Slotted hammermill hammer |
US6375106B1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2002-04-23 | Ssi Shredding Systems, Inc. | Waste reduction machine with replaceable teeth |
AU2002246656A1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-08-06 | Badger Bite Co. | Comminution blade |
US7500630B2 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2009-03-10 | Badger Shredding Products, Inc. | Reversible blade for a comminution machine |
DE202004001956U1 (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-06-30 | Doppstadt Calbe Gmbh | Knife carrier for crushers |
US8409063B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2013-04-02 | Goss International Americas, Inc. | Nip rollers with removable disks |
NL2009729C2 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-06 | Redexim Handel En Expl Mij Bv | ROTORAS FOR USE IN AERATION DEVICE. |
JP2015211935A (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2015-11-26 | 株式会社キンキ | Rotary blade for shearing crusher and biaxial shearing crusher |
US10864523B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2020-12-15 | Eco Green Equipment, Llc | Shredder blade assembly |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1058948A (en) * | 1912-08-05 | 1913-04-15 | Edward L Clark | Crusher-roller for coal-breakers, &c. |
US2986349A (en) * | 1959-10-30 | 1961-05-30 | American Brake Shoe Co | Furnace chunk breaker |
US3367585A (en) * | 1965-09-28 | 1968-02-06 | Abex Corp | Replaceable tip member for a two-part hammer |
US3680797A (en) * | 1969-11-28 | 1972-08-01 | Gordon W Covey | Mill |
US3822042A (en) * | 1972-01-13 | 1974-07-02 | R Roy | Demolition apparatus |
CH553004A (en) * | 1973-05-23 | 1974-08-30 | Geilinger Stahlbau Ag | SHREDDING MACHINE, ESPECIALLY FOR WASTE. |
CH587082A5 (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1977-04-29 | Baikoff Eugene M A |
-
1978
- 1978-06-20 CH CH670178A patent/CH621267A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1979
- 1979-06-06 AT AT79200280T patent/ATE1268T1/en active
- 1979-06-06 EP EP79200280A patent/EP0006261B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-06 DE DE7979200280T patent/DE2963226D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-13 US US06/048,239 patent/US4241882A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-06-15 CA CA000329839A patent/CA1134795A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-18 ES ES481658A patent/ES481658A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-19 PT PT69777A patent/PT69777A/en unknown
- 1979-06-20 JP JP7696579A patent/JPS5531486A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2963226D1 (en) | 1982-08-19 |
JPS5720855B2 (en) | 1982-05-01 |
EP0006261A1 (en) | 1980-01-09 |
ES481658A1 (en) | 1980-08-01 |
US4241882A (en) | 1980-12-30 |
JPS5531486A (en) | 1980-03-05 |
PT69777A (en) | 1979-07-01 |
ATE1268T1 (en) | 1982-07-15 |
CH621267A5 (en) | 1981-01-30 |
CA1134795A (en) | 1982-11-02 |
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