DK142952B - PROCEDURE FOR Stereospecific Polymerization of Conjugated Servers and Catalyst System for Use in the Procedure - Google Patents

PROCEDURE FOR Stereospecific Polymerization of Conjugated Servers and Catalyst System for Use in the Procedure Download PDF

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DK142952B
DK142952B DK25771A DK25771A DK142952B DK 142952 B DK142952 B DK 142952B DK 25771 A DK25771 A DK 25771A DK 25771 A DK25771 A DK 25771A DK 142952 B DK142952 B DK 142952B
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catalyst system
aluminum
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polymer
catalyst
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DK142952C (en
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A Balducci
A Beranger
M Corbellini
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Snam Progetti
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F36/00Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08F36/02Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08F36/04Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F136/00Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08F136/02Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08F136/04Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated

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Description

(11) FREMLÆ66ELSESSKRIFT H2952 DANMARK (BD Int. Cl.3 c 08 F 36/04 G 08 F 4/52 f(21) Ansøgning nr. 257/71 (22) Indleveret den 21 · jan. 1971 (24) Løbedag 21 · j9Tl· 1971 (44) Ansøgningen fremlagt og fremlaaggeleeeekriftet offentliggjort den 2» Π1&Γ · 1 981(11) MANUFACTURING DOCUMENT H2952 DENMARK (BD Int. Cl.3 c 08 F 36/04 G 08 F 4/52 f (21) Application No 257/71 (22) Filed on Jan 21, 1971 (24) Running Day 21 · J9Tl · 1971 (44) The application presented and submitted publication published on 2 »Π1 & Γ · 1 981

DIREKTORATET FORDIRECTORATE OF

PATENT-OG VAREMÆRKEVÆSENET (3°) Prioritet begæret fra denPATENT AND TRADEMARK (3 °) Priority requested from it

22. jan. 1970, 19652/70, ITJan 22 1970, 19652/70, IT

OD SNAM PROGETTI S.P.A., S. Donato Milanese (Milano), IT.OD SNAM PROGETTI S.P.A., S. Donato Milanese (Milan), IT.

(72> Opfinder: Agostino Balducci, San Donato Milanese, Via Pladena 4, IT: Alessandro Beranger, San Donato Milanese, Via Caviaga 1, IT: Margherita Corbellini, Milano, Via Abano 10, IT.(72> Inventor: Agostino Balducci, San Donato Milanese, Via Pladena 4, IT: Alessandro Beranger, San Donato Milanese, Via Caviaga 1, IT: Margherita Corbellini, Milan, Via Abano 10, IT.

(74) Fuldmægtig under sagens behandling:(74) Plenipotentiary in the proceedings:

Internationalt Patent-Bureau.International Patent Office.

(54) Fremgangsmåde til stereospecifik polymer leering af konjugerede diener samt katalysatorsystem til anvendelse ved fremgangsmåden.(54) Method for stereospecific polymer clay of conjugated dienes as well as catalyst system for use in the process.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til stereospecifik po-lymerisering af konjugerede diener samt et hidtil ukendt katalysatorsystern til anvendelse ved denne fremgangsmåde.The present invention relates to a method for stereospecific polymerization of conjugated dienes and to a novel catalyst system for use in this method.

Det er kendt at fremstille polydiener med høj strukturel regelmæssighed ved anvendelse af katalysatorsystemer indeholdende overgangsmetalforbindelser og aluminiuma lky ler.It is known to produce high structural regularity polydienes using catalyst systems containing transition metal compounds and aluminum alkyls.

Det er især muligt at fremstille f.eks. 1,4-cis-polyisopren ved anvendelse af et katalysatorsystem indeholdende TiCl^ og trialkylaluminium.In particular, it is possible to produce e.g. 1,4-cis-polyisoprene using a catalyst system containing TiCl 2 and trialkyl aluminum.

Med samme katalysatorsystem er det også, ved at variere sammensætningen af katalysatorsystemets komponenter, muligt at fremstille 1,4-trans-polyisopren.With the same catalyst system, it is also possible, by varying the composition of the catalyst system components, to produce 1,4-trans-polyisoprene.

De ovennævnte katalysatorsystemer har på grund af aluminiumalkylemes nær- 2 142952 værelse en ulempe grundet den instabilitet, der er karakteristisk for organo-metalliske forbindelser, som let angribes af fugtighed, oxygen m.m..The above-mentioned catalyst systems have a disadvantage due to the proximity of the aluminum alkyls due to the instability characteristic of organometallic compounds easily attacked by moisture, oxygen, etc.

Endvidere skal det påpeges, at polyisopren opnået på denne måde næppe har høje -værdier og som følge heraf høje molekylvægte, og der behøves i alle tilfælde en fraskillelse af den lavmolekylære polymere, idet denne ikke anvendes i dækindustrien.Furthermore, it should be pointed out that polyisoprene obtained in this way has hardly high values and, as a consequence, high molecular weights, and in all cases a separation of the low molecular weight polymer is needed, since it is not used in the tire industry.

Det har også vist sig, at det er muligt at fremstille stereospecifikke polymere ved at gå ud fra konjugerede diener med mindst 4 carbonatomer i molekylet og ved anvendelse af et katalysatorsystem, der udover overgangsmetalforbindelsen indeholder en aluminiumpolymer, der i molekylet indeholder følgende gentagne enheder: - "ai-n" -I I _H R„ i hvilke R betegner en alkyl-, aryl eller cycloalkylgruppe.It has also been found that it is possible to prepare stereospecific polymers by starting from conjugated dienes having at least 4 carbon atoms in the molecule and using a catalyst system containing, in addition to the transition metal compound, an aluminum polymer containing in the molecule the following repeating units: "ai-n" -II-H R "wherein R represents an alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl group.

Disse polymere kan let fremstilles ved reaktion mellem LiAlH^ og amin-hydrochlorider eller ved reaktion mellem A1H, og primære arainer: r- ή......These polymers can be readily prepared by reaction between LiAlH 2 and amine hydrochlorides or by reaction between A1H, and primary arenes: r- ή ......

Al - NAl - N

nR-NH„,HC1+nLiAIH. —^ Η I Al=N-R+3nH„+nLiCl 2 4 I 2 H n-1 R' o I » nAlH3.NR3+nR'NH2 —} H Al - N Al=N-R+nNR3+2nH2NR-NH ", HC1 + nLiAIH. - ^ Η I Al = N-R + 3nH „+ nLiCl 2 4 I 2 H n-1 R 'o I» nAlH3.NR3 + nR'NH2 -} H Al - N Al = N-R + nNR3 + 2nH2

HH

- J n-1 i hvilke formler R og R', der kan være ens eller forskellige, er valgt blandt aryl-, alkyl- eller cycloalkylgrupper, f.eks. CH3, C^H^, n-C^Hg og C^H^. Disse polymere betegnes i det følgende som aluminiumiminpolymere. Fremstillingsmåderne er beskrevet af E. Wiberg og A. May i Z. Naturforsch., 106, 232 (1955) og især af R. Erlich et al. i Inorg. Chem. 3, 628 (1964). Molekylvægtsmålinger viser n >2.- J n-1 in which formulas R and R ', which may be the same or different, are selected from aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl groups, e.g. CH 3, C ^ H ^, n-C ^ Hg, and C ^ H ^. These polymers are hereinafter referred to as aluminum polymers. The methods of preparation are described by E. Wiberg and A. May in Z. Naturforsch., 106, 232 (1955) and especially by R. Erlich et al. in Inorg. Chem. 3, 628 (1964). Molecular weight measurements show n> 2.

Når n er lille (omkring 2 til 50) er disse polymere opløselige i aromatiske opløsningsmidler samt i nogle alifatiske. De polymere med højere molekylvægt er uopløselige i de almindelige opløsningsmidler, men er stadig effektive som kata lysatorer i nærværelse af f.eks. TiCl^, eftersom de indeholder et ækvivalent aktivt hydrogen for hvert aluminiumatom.When n is small (about 2 to 50), these polymers are soluble in aromatic solvents as well as in some aliphatic ones. The higher molecular weight polymers are insoluble in the common solvents, but are still effective as catalysts in the presence of e.g. TiCl4, since they contain one equivalent of active hydrogen for each aluminum atom.

3 1429523 142952

Det har imidlertid vist sig, at polymeriseringshastigheden ved fremstillingen af polymere ud fra konjugerede diener under anvendelse af ovennævnte katalysatorsystem er forholdsvis lav, og at polymeriseringen som følge heraf må udføres ved forholdsvis høj temperatur, hvorved Mooney-viskositeten af de opnåede polymere påvirkes ugunstigt.However, it has been found that the rate of polymerization in the preparation of polymers from conjugated dienes using the above catalyst system is relatively low and that the polymerization as a result must be carried out at a relatively high temperature, thereby adversely affecting the Mooney viscosity of the obtained polymers.

Det er nu konstateret, at der kan opnås overraskende gode resultater, specielt med hensyn til polymeriseringshastighed, når der i den ovennævnte aluminiumpolymer udover de ovennævnte polymerkomponenter, dvs. aluminium, nitrogen, hydrogen og carbonhydridgrupper bundet til nitrogen, også findes halogen, især chlor, direkte bundet til aluminiumatomet.It has now been found that surprisingly good results can be obtained, especially with regard to polymerization rate when, in addition to the above-mentioned polymeric components, i. aluminum, nitrogen, hydrogen and hydrocarbon groups bonded to nitrogen, halogen, especially chlorine, is also directly linked to the aluminum atom.

Fremgangsmåden til stereospecifik polymerisering af konjugerede diener ifølge foreliggende opfindelse er baseret på denne iagttagelse. Fremgangsmåden udføres i et carbonhydridreaktionsmedium i nærværelse af et katalysatorsystem i alt væsentligt bestående af en forbindelse af et overgangsmetal fra det periodiske systems 4. til 8. gruppe bundet til en aluminiumpolymer af polyimintype, og det .ejendommelige ifølge opfindelsen er, at der som aluminiumpolymer anvendes en polymer, hvis molekyler i alt væsentligt udgøres af 2-50 enheder med formlenThe method of stereospecific polymerization of conjugated dienes of the present invention is based on this observation. The process is carried out in a hydrocarbon reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst system consisting essentially of a compound of a transition metal from the 4 to 8 group of the periodic system bonded to an aluminum polymer of the polyimine type, and the characteristic of the invention is that as an aluminum polymer it is used. a polymer whose molecules are essentially 2-50 units of the formula

- Al - N -i I- Al - N -i I

RJRJ

i hvilken formel R betegner en carbonhydridgruppe valgt blandt alkyl-, aryl-og cykloalkylgrupper, og hvori X i nogle, men ikke alle, enheder er halogen og i de øvrige hydrogen. Antallet af enheder i aluminiumpolymermolekylerne vælges fortrinsvis i området 3 til 12.in which formula R represents a hydrocarbon group selected from alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl groups and wherein X in some, but not all, units is halogen and in the other hydrogen. The number of units in the aluminum polymer molecules is preferably selected in the range of 3 to 12.

Opfindelsen angår ligeledes et katalysatorsystem til udførelse af ovennævnte fremgangsmåde. Dette katalysatorsystem består i alt væsentligt af en forbindelse af et overgangsmetal fra det periodiske systems 4. til 8. gruppe bundet til en aluminiumpolymer, der er af polyimintype,og er ejendommeligt ved, at molekylerne i aluminiumpolymeren i alt væsentligt udgøres af 2-50 enheder med formlen - Al - N -The invention also relates to a catalyst system for carrying out the above process. This catalyst system consists essentially of a compound of a transition metal from the 4th to the 8th group of the periodic system bonded to an aluminum polymer of the polyimine type, and is characterized in that the molecules in the aluminum polymer are essentially 2-50 units. of formula - Al - N -

I II I

x Rx R

i hvilken formel R betegner en carbonhydridgruppe valgt blandt alkyl-, aryl- og cykloalkylgrupper, og hvori X i nogle, men ikke alle, enheder er halogen og i de øvrige hydrogen.in which formula R represents a hydrocarbon group selected from alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl groups and wherein X in some, but not all, units is halogen and in the other hydrogen.

4 1429524 142952

Det her omhandlede katalysatorsystem har overraskende vist sig at være mere aktivt end det kendte system uden halogen. Diolefinens polymeriseringshastig-hed er derfor (idet de øvrige betingelser holdes konstante) højere ved anvendelse af det nye katalysatorsystem end ved anvendelse af et tilsvarende system, hvor der ikke er halogen i den aluminiumiminpolymere. Man kan derfor arbejde ved lavere temperatur eller ved større fortynding, hvilket påvirker den polymeres Mooney-viskositet i gunstig retning. Tilstedeværelsen af halogenatomer i katalysatorsystemet medfører endvidere, at der kan opnås større ensartethed af fremstillingsprocesserne end med det kendte katalysatorsystem og derfor en usædvanlig god reproducerbarhed af de opnåelige gode resultater.The catalyst system in question has surprisingly been found to be more active than the known system without halogen. Therefore, the polymerization rate of the diolefin is (with the other conditions kept constant) higher using the new catalyst system than using a similar system where there is no halogen in the aluminum imine polymer. Therefore, one can operate at lower temperature or at higher dilution, which adversely affects the Mooney viscosity of the polymer. Furthermore, the presence of halogen atoms in the catalyst system results in greater uniformity of the manufacturing processes than with the known catalyst system and therefore an unusually good reproducibility of the good results obtained.

Halogenatomet er fortrinsvis chlor, og det har vist sig, at der ved overholdelse af et Cl/Al gramatomforhold mellem 0,02 og q ρ aluminiumpolymeren kan opnås en særlig høj polymeriseringshastighed af diolefinen. Dette påvirker proces økonomien i gunstig retning, idet der, til opnåelse af en bestemt omdannelse i en bestemt tidsperiode, kræves mindre katalysator.The halogen atom is preferably chlorine and it has been found that by observing a C1 / Al gram atom ratio of 0.02 to q ρ the aluminum polymer a particularly high polymerization rate of the diolefin can be obtained. This adversely affects the economics of the process, in order to achieve a certain transformation over a certain period of time, less catalyst is required.

Af andre fordele, der er forbundet med brugen af de partielt chlorerede polyiminoalaner, kan følgende nævnes: 1) Chloret i polyiminoalanens polymerkæde tjener som molekylvægtsregulerende middel for polyiminalanen.Other advantages associated with the use of the partially chlorinated polyiminoalanes include the following: 1) The chlorine in the polymer chain of the polyiminoalane serves as a molecular weight regulator for the polyiminan.

Der opnås faktisk, ved som halogeneringsmiddel i polyiminoalansyntesen at bruge et kontrolleret overskud af AlGl^, en polyiminoalan, der uafhængig af reaktionstiden har et kontrolleret antal aluminiumatomer på mellem 3 og 6, og dette giver en betydelig fordel både hvad angår katalysatorudbyttet og hvad angår oplagringen (stabilitet af polyiminoalanens sammensætning i forhold til tiden).In fact, using as a halogenating agent in the polyiminoalan synthesis, a controlled excess of AlG1 +, a polyiminoalan, which, independently of the reaction time, has a controlled number of aluminum atoms of between 3 and 6, this provides a significant advantage both in catalyst yield and in storage. (stability of the polyiminoalane composition over time).

2) Ved de chlorerede polyiminoalaner er der også, udover at der opnås højere reaktionshastigheder end med forbindelserne uden chlor, den fordel, at området for de bedste polymeriseringsforhold Η/Ti er meget bredere end ved polyiminoala-nerne uden chlor. Forløbet er afbildet i fig. 1, hvori kurverne a) refererer til ikke chlorerede polyiminoalaner og kurverne b) til chlorerede polyiminoala-ner.2) In addition to the higher reaction rates than with the compounds without chlorine, the chlorinated polyimino alanes also have the advantage that the range of the best polymerization ratios Η / Ti is much wider than that of the polyiminoalanes without chlorine. The process is depicted in FIG. 1, wherein the curves a) refer to unchlorinated polyiminoalanes and the curves b) to chlorinated polyiminoalanes.

Kurverne er opnået ved at afsætte forholdet Η/Ti ud ad abscisseaksen mod omdannelsen som gram polymer pr. 100 gram tilført monomer ud ad ordinataksen, idet reaktionstiderne, temperaturerne og koncentrationerne er de samme.The curves are obtained by plotting the ratio Η / Ti along the abscissa axis to the transformation as grams of polymer per gram. 100 grams of monomer added along the ordinate axis, with the reaction times, temperatures and concentrations being the same.

Fremstillingen af aluminiumpolymeren, der ifølge opfindelsen er effektiv som katalysator, kan ske på mange forskellige måder. Blandt disse fremgangsmåder foreslås følgende, idet der som eksempel beskrives fremstilling af en Cl-holdig aluminiumpolymer: a) Reaktion mellem LiH eller NaH og A IC1^ under anvendelse af en mindre alkali-hydridmængde end den mængde, der kræves støkiometrisk (3 mol LiH + 1 mol A1C1^) til dannelse af AlH^: 5 142952 (3-x) LiH + A1C1, -* A1H„ Cl + (3-x)LiCl; J 3-x x i hvilken ligning x er et tal mellem O og 1, efterfulgt af addition af en primær amin: ir i i ~)The preparation of the aluminum polymer which is effective as a catalyst according to the invention can take place in many different ways. Among these methods, the following is suggested, by way of example, describing the preparation of a C1-containing aluminum polymer: a) Reaction between LiH or NaH and Δ ICl ^ using a lower alkali hydride amount than the amount required stoichiometric (3 moles LiH + 1 mole of AlCl 3 to give AlH 4: 595952 (3-x) LiH + AlCl, - * AlH 2 Cl + (3-x) LiCl; J 3-x x in which equation x is a number between 0 and 1, followed by the addition of a primary amine: ir i i ~)

nAlH_ Cl + nH„NR“> l Al - N - Al - NnAlH_Cl + nH "NR"> l Al - N - Al - N

ί I i i i I «*2 H R (1-x) Cl R x \l J L -l r b) Man bringer en uchloreret polyiminoalan i kontakt med den ønskede mængde luftformig HC1: p 3nLiH + nAlei, + nH„NR —> - Al - N - +2hH„ + 3nLiCl 32 |l 2 Η E „iol I iii I «* 2 HR (1-x) Cl R x \ l JL -lrb) An unchlorinated polyiminoalan is contacted with the desired amount of gaseous HCl: p 3nLiH + nAlei, + nH„ NR -> - Al - N - + 2hH + + 3nLiCl 32 | l 2 Η E

JJ

Γ η fri Γ 7 Ϊ |l -II ..... I I +! 2 _H R_ n HR (l-x) Cl R xjn lL J i* c) Man bringer en uchloreret polyiminoalan i kontakt med en sådan mængde AlCl^* at det søgte Cl/Al forhold opnås.Γ η free Γ 7 Ϊ | l -II ..... I I +! 2 _H R_ n HR (l-x) Cl R xjn lL J i * c) An unchlorinated polyiminoalan is contacted with such amount of AlCl 2 * that the sought Cl / Al ratio is obtained.

Aluminiumchloridet reagerer som aluminiumchlorhydrid på den endestillede -NHR gruppe efter at have udskiftet chlor med polyiminoalanens hydrogen.The aluminum chloride reacts like aluminum chloride to the terminated -NHR group after replacing chlorine with the polyiminoalane hydrogen.

d) Man bringer en uchloreret polyiminoalan i kontakt med C^AINHR: II 2 2 I I I +h2d) An unchlorinated polyiminoalan is contacted with C C AINHR: II 2 2 I I I + h 2

H R _ ' R H RH R _ 'R H R

L -*n L JnL - * n L Jn

Ved en sådan chlorering går chloret kun til den polymeres endestillede grupper, men resultaterne i isoprenpolymeriseringen ændres ikke i forhold til en polyiminoalan med en statistisk chlorforde ling, fremstillet ifølge a).In such chlorination, the chlorine goes only to the terminal groups of the polymer, but the results in the isoprene polymerization are not changed in relation to a polyiminoalan having a statistical chloride distribution, prepared according to a).

Det er indlysende, at den første reaktion er den foretrukne på grund af en betydelig besparelse af LiH (eller NaH), der er kostbare forbindelser.It is obvious that the first reaction is the preferred one because of a considerable saving of LiH (or NaH) which are expensive compounds.

Mere detaljeret udføres fremstillingen af den som en del af katalysatorsy- 6 142952 stemet anvendelige aluminiumpolymer ifølge opfindelsen ved at gå ud fra LiH (eller NaH) og AlClg samt en primær amin og afmåle LiH- (eller NaH-)mængden på en sådan måde, at der opnås egnede Cl/Al værdier.In more detail, the preparation of the aluminum polymer useful in the catalyst system according to the invention is carried out by starting from LiH (or NaH) and AlClg as well as a primary amine and measuring the LiH (or NaH) amount in such a manner. that suitable Cl / Al values are obtained.

De som en del af katalysatorsystemet anvendelige aluminiumpolymere, dvs. polyiminoalanerne, der indeholder chlor, er opløselige i carbonhydridopløsningsler.The aluminum polymers useful as part of the catalyst system, i.e. the polyiminoalanes containing chlorine are soluble in hydrocarbon solutions.

Uden at komme nærmere ind på disse forbindelsers reaktionsmekanisme, er det meget overraskende og uventet, at de på grund af tilstedeværelsen af chlor har en aktivitet, der er større end den, der udvises af tilsvarende katalysatorer, som ikke indeholder chlor. Derfor giver aluminiumpolymerene, der indgår i katalysatorsystemet ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, både uventede fordele i sammenligning med tilsvarende forbindelser uden chlor ved polymeriseringsfremgangsmåden, og den fordel at have en stabilitet, der er større end aluminiumalkylforbindel-sernes.Without elaborating on the reaction mechanism of these compounds, it is very surprising and unexpected that, due to the presence of chlorine, they have an activity greater than that exhibited by similar catalysts which do not contain chlorine. Therefore, the aluminum polymers which form part of the catalyst system of the present invention provide both unexpected advantages over similar compounds without chlorine in the polymerization process and the advantage of having a stability greater than that of the aluminum alkyl compounds.

Som eksempel beskrives polymeriseringen af isopren, idet denne polymerise-ring udføres både ved hjælp af katalysatoren ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse og ved hjælp af en katalysator, der i det væsentlige er uden chlor.By way of example, the polymerization of isoprene is described, this polymerization being carried out both by the catalyst of the present invention and by a catalyst substantially free of chlorine.

Brugen af det ovennævnte katalysatorsystem tillader især at opnå store mængder 1,4-cis-polyisopren ud fra isopren.In particular, the use of the above catalyst system allows to obtain large amounts of 1,4-cis-polyisoprene from isoprene.

Desuden er det, ved anvendelse af passende arbejdsbetingelser, muligt at fremstille 1,4-cis-polyisopren, der kan nå Mooney værdier på over 50 og et grænseviskositetstal på over 5 —j1 (30°C, toluen).In addition, using appropriate working conditions, it is possible to prepare 1,4-cis-polyisoprene capable of reaching Mooney values above 50 and an intrinsic viscosity of greater than 5 - 1 (30 ° C, toluene).

Vulkaniserede produkter fremstillet af denne polyisopren har meget fine mekaniske egenskaber.Vulcanized products made from this polyisoprene have very fine mechanical properties.

Overgangsmetalforbindelsen, der sammen med aluminiumiminpolymeren danner katalysatorsystemet, kan f.eks. vælges blandt titaniumtetrachlorid, -tetraiodid og -tetrabromid, vanadiniumtrichlorid, zirkoniumtetrachlorid, cobaltchlorid, cobaltacetylacetonat, manganchlorid og nikkelchlorid.The transition metal compound, which together with the aluminum imine polymer, forms the catalyst system, can e.g. are selected from titanium tetrachloride, tetraiodide and tetrabromide, vanadium trichloride, zirconium tetrachloride, cobalt chloride, cobalt acetylacetonate, manganese chloride and nickel chloride.

Hvis 1,4-cis-polyisopren ønskes, er det nødvendigt, at forholdet mellem gramatom aluminiumpolyiminoalanhalogenderivat og gramatom overgangsmetal ligger i området 1,01-5. En særlig udførelsesform for fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er således karakteristisk ved, at den konjugerede dien udelukkende er isopren, og at forholdet mellem gramatom aluminium og gramatom overgangsmetal for katalysatorsystemet ligger mellem 1,01 og 5.If 1,4-cis-polyisoprene is desired, it is necessary that the ratio of gram atom aluminum polyiminoalanalogen derivative to gram atom transition metal is in the range of 1.01-5. Thus, a particular embodiment of the process according to the invention is characterized in that the conjugated diene is exclusively isoprene and that the ratio of gram atom aluminum to gram atom transition metal for the catalyst system is between 1.01 and 5.

Reaktionen udføres i et carbonhydridreaktionsmedium, såsom aromatiske, alifatiske og cycloalifatiske carbonhydrider samt blandinger af disse.The reaction is carried out in a hydrocarbon reaction medium such as aromatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons as well as mixtures thereof.

Katalysatorsystemet ifølge opfindelsen kan enten fremstilles på forhånd ved reaktion mellem aluminiumiminpolymeren og overgangsmetalforbindelsen eller in situ ved reaktion mellem de to katalysatorsystemskomponenter i nærværelse af den polymeriserbare monomere.The catalyst system of the invention can be prepared either in advance by reaction between the aluminum imine polymer and the transition metal compound or in situ by reaction between the two catalyst system components in the presence of the polymerizable monomer.

142952 7142952 7

De monomere, der med fordel kan anvendes, er konjugerede diener med op til 12 carbonatomer 1 molekylet: for eksempel kan butadlen, isopren, 1,3-pentadien, 1.3- hexadien, dimethylbutadlen og phenylbutadien anføres.The monomers which can be used advantageously are conjugated dienes with up to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule: for example, butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, dimethylbutadiene and phenylbutadiene can be mentioned.

Reaktionen kan udføres ved temperaturer, der ligger mellem -50 og 100°C, og ved tryk, der ligger mellem atmosfæretryk og 50 atmosfærer.The reaction can be carried out at temperatures between -50 and 100 ° C and at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 50 atmospheres.

Opfindelsen belyses nu ved de følgende eksempler.The invention is now illustrated by the following examples.

Sanmenligningseksempel.Sanmenligningseksempel.

3 2050 cm vandfri n-hexan indføres i en 5 liter glasbeholder forsynet med kølekappe, to tildrypningstragte og en omrører med en hastighed på 70 omd./min..3 2050 cm of anhydrous n-hexane is introduced into a 5 liter glass container fitted with a cooling jacket, two drip funnels and a stirrer at a speed of 70 rpm.

Herefter indføres 28,3 millimol TiCl^, 38,5 millimol poly(N-isopropylimino-alan) uden chlor (analysen af hexanopløsningen af polyiminoalanen viste Al 5,17 g/100 cm\ N=2,71 g/100 crn^ og aktivt H=41,36 cm^/cra^, hvilket giver N/A1=1 og H/A1=0,95; polyiminoalanen svarede til den i krav 1 angivne formel med n = 4) 3 og 900 cm isopren i beholderen.Next, 28.3 millimoles of TiCl 2, 38.5 millimoles of poly (N-isopropylimino alan) without chlorine are introduced (the analysis of the hexane solution of the polyimino alan showed Al 5.17 g / 100 cm \ N = 2.71 g / 100 crn active H = 41.36 cm 2 / cra 2, giving N / A1 = 1 and H / A1 = 0.95;

Den totale katalysatormængde er således 1,5 vægt% med hensyn til den monomere, og isoprenmængden er 30 vægt% med hensyn til blandingen monomer-opløsningsmi dde 1.Thus, the total amount of catalyst is 1.5% by weight with respect to the monomer, and the amount of isoprene is 30% by weight with respect to the mixture of monomer-solvent 1.

Reaktionsbeholderen holdes i hele reaktionstiden på 30°C.The reaction vessel is kept at 30 ° C throughout the reaction time.

Ved hjælp af en hævert og under nitrogentryk isoleres prøver fra reaktionsblandingen på bestemte tidspunkter. De vejes og tørres, og den tilbageblevne polymere holdes under vakuum indtil konstant vægt. Den totale omdannelse udregnes på grundlag af vægten af den isolerede polymere. Ved slutningen af forsøget hældes hele den resterende reaktionsblanding ud i methanol, og den koagulerede polymere tørres i en ovn under vakuum ved 40°C.By means of a swollen and under nitrogen pressure, samples are isolated from the reaction mixture at specific times. They are weighed and dried and the remaining polymer is kept under vacuum until constant weight. The total conversion is calculated on the basis of the weight of the isolated polymer. At the end of the experiment, the entire residual reaction mixture is poured into methanol and the coagulated polymer is dried in an oven under vacuum at 40 ° C.

En del af denne polymere renses ved opløsning i benzen og efterfølgende genudfældning ved tilsætning af methanol. Derefter bestemmes Mooney viskositeten og 1.4- cis mængden.Part of this polymer is purified by dissolving in benzene and subsequently re-precipitating by the addition of methanol. Then the Mooney viscosity and the 1.4-cis amount are determined.

Resultater: % udbytte af fast polymer tid, timer 37.5 1 46 2 50.6 3 62 6 I.R.analyse: 1,4-cis = 96%, 1,4-trans = 0%, (3,4) = 4%.Results:% yield of solid polymer time, hours 37.5 1 46 2 50.6 3 62 6 I.R. analysis: 1,4-cis = 96%, 1,4-trans = 0%, (3.4) = 4%.

Total umættethed - 98%.Total unsaturation - 98%.

Mooney viskositet = 25 Mooneyenheder (jvf, ASTM D 1646-72).Mooney viscosity = 25 Mooney units (cf. ASTM D 1646-72).

U2952 8U2952 8

EksempelExample

Ved at arbejde ifølge sammenligningseksemplet polyraeriseres isopren ved hjælp af en katalysator bestående af en chloreret polyiminoalan og TiCl^.By working according to the comparative example, isoprene is polymerized by a catalyst consisting of a chlorinated polyiminoalan and TiCl 2.

a) Fremstilling af katalysatoren.a) Preparation of the catalyst.

Den anvendte katalysator fremstilles ifølge nedenstående fremgangsmåde:The catalyst used is prepared according to the following procedure:

Til 104 g LiH opslemmet i en liter vand- og luftfri ether sættes der 675 g A1C1^ i ethylether. Ved slutningen af tilsætningen opvarmes til kogning i ca. 6 timer, herefter afkøles til stuetemperatur og 1,4 liter hexanopløsning med isopro-pylamin (3,29 mol) tilsættes.To 104 g of LiH suspended in a liter of anhydrous and anhydrous ether are added 675 g of AlCl 3 in ethyl ether. At the end of the addition, heat to a boil for approx. 6 hours, then cool to room temperature and add 1.4 liters of hexane solution with isopropylamine (3.29 mol).

Efter endt tilsætning opvarmes i 20 timer ved 40°C, herefter koncentreres ved destillation og ethylether erstattes med hexan.After completion of the addition, heat for 20 hours at 40 ° C, then concentrate by distillation and replace ethyl ether with hexane.

Analyserne gav: Al = 4,53 g/100 cm"*, aktivt H = 39,4 Ncm^/cm^, N = 2,23 3 3 g/100 cm og Cl = 2,34 g/100 cm , til hvilke resultater de følgende gramatom-forhold svarer: N/Al = 0,95, aktivt H/Al = 1,05 og Cl/Al = 0,39; polyiminoalanen svarede til den i krav 1 angivne formel med n = 4 (og H delvis erstattet med chlor ).The analyzes yielded: Al = 4.53 g / 100 cm 2, active H = 39.4 N cm 2 / cm 2, N = 2.23 3 g / 100 cm and Cl = 2.34 g / 100 cm, to which results correspond to the following gram atom ratios: N / Al = 0.95, active H / Al = 1.05 and Cl / Al = 0.39; the polyiminoalane corresponded to the formula of claim 1 with n = 4 (and H partially replaced with chlorine).

b) Polymeriseringsopskriften er som følger: 3b) The polymerization recipe is as follows:

Vandfri n-hexan 2050 cmAnhydrous n-hexane 2050 cm

TiCl^ 10,7 mmolTiCl ^ 10.7 mmol

Polyiminoalan 18,2 mmol 3Polyiminoalan 18.2 mmol 3

Isopren 500 cmIsoprene 500 cm

Polymeriseringstemperatur 30°CPolymerization temperature 30 ° C

Det ses, at dette eksempels katalysatormængde er lavere end mængden i det foregående eksempel (1 vægt% med hensyn til den monomere), og polymeriseringen udføres i en mere fortyndet opløsning (20 vægt% af den monomere med hensyn til den monomere + opløsningsblandingen).It is seen that the catalyst amount of this example is lower than the amount of the previous example (1 wt.% With respect to the monomer) and the polymerization is carried out in a more dilute solution (20 wt.% Of the monomer with respect to the monomer + solution mixture).

Resultater: % udbytte af fast polymer tid, timer 48 1 62 2 68 3 I.R. analyse: 1,4-cis = 96,5%, 1,4-trans = 0%, (3,4) = 2,5%.Results:% yield of solid polymer time, hours 48 1 62 2 68 3 I.R. analysis: 1,4-cis = 96.5%, 1,4-trans = 0%, (3.4) = 2.5%.

Total umættethed = 97%.Total unsaturation = 97%.

Mooney viskositet = 70 Mooneyenheder (jvf. ASTM D 1646-72).Mooney viscosity = 70 Mooney units (cf. ASTM D 1646-72).

DK25771A 1970-01-22 1971-01-21 PROCEDURE FOR Stereospecific POLYMERIZATION OF CONJUGATED SERVICES AND CATALYST SYSTEM FOR USING THE PROCEDURE DK142952C (en)

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