DE814439C - Process for the electrolytic precipitation of salts and acids from solutions - Google Patents
Process for the electrolytic precipitation of salts and acids from solutionsInfo
- Publication number
- DE814439C DE814439C DEB904A DEB0000904A DE814439C DE 814439 C DE814439 C DE 814439C DE B904 A DEB904 A DE B904A DE B0000904 A DEB0000904 A DE B0000904A DE 814439 C DE814439 C DE 814439C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- salts
- solutions
- acids
- electrolytic precipitation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
- B01D61/423—Electrodialysis comprising multiple electrodialysis steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Description
OTiGBl. S. 175)OTiGBl. P. 175)
AUSGEGEBEN AM 24. SEPTEMBER 1951ISSUED SEPTEMBER 24, 1951
B 904 IV b 112 dB 904 IV b 112 d
aus Lösungenfrom solutions
Die elektrodialytische Behandlung von Elektrolyten in wässeriger Lösung zum Zwecke der Entsalzung und Entsäuerung stößt bei den bisher üblichen Methoden auf verschiedene Schwierigkeiten, besonders dann, wenn die wässerige Lösung kolloidale Bestandteile enthält, die besonderer Schonung bedürfen (Eiweiß). Diese Mängel treten vor allem dadurch auf, daß neben der elektrodialytischen Wirkung eine Zersetzung entsteht, die erheblichen, nutzlosen Stromverbrauch bedeutet und auch sonst für den Prozeß viele Nachteile hat. Außerdem treten durch die bisher üblichen Verfahren anfänglich starke Ansäuerungen auf, die die kolloidalen Bestandteile schädigen.The electrodialytic treatment of electrolytes in aqueous solution for the purpose of desalination and deacidification encounters various difficulties with the methods commonly used up to now, Particularly when the aqueous solution contains colloidal components, the special protection need (protein). These deficiencies occur mainly because in addition to the electrodialytic Effect a decomposition occurs, which means considerable, useless power consumption and otherwise has many disadvantages for the process. In addition, the previously usual procedures occur initially strong acidifications that damage the colloidal components.
Alle diese Schwierigkeiten werden behoben, wenn es gelingt, die Elektrolyten schichtweise zwischen Diaphragmen mit Spülwasser zu umgeben und dieses System einem elektrischen Feld auszusetzen. Dieses Feld wird nur von einer Anfangs- und Endelektrode erzeugt, während in den Wasserzwischen- ao schichten keine Elektroden vorhanden sind.All of these difficulties will be resolved if it is possible to layer the electrolytes between them Surround diaphragms with rinse water and expose this system to an electric field. This field is only generated by a start and end electrode, while in the water between ao layers no electrodes are present.
Die durch das elektrische Feld in den Elektrolyten in Bewegung gesetzten Ionen der Salze und Säuren treten nun durch die Diaphragmen in die angrenzenden Spülwasserschichten und werden von dort ausgespült. Ist die Geschwindigkeit des Spülwassers so groß, daß die Querströmung die Ionen mitreißt, bevor sie das nächste Diaphragma er-The ions of the salts and, set in motion by the electric field in the electrolyte Acids now pass through the diaphragms into the adjacent rinse water layers and are rinsed out there. Is the speed of the rinse water so great that the cross flow of the ions before it reaches the next diaphragm
reicht haben, so ist damit eine vollständige Entfernung der austretenden Ionen gegeben. In diesem Falle führt das Spülwasser die Salze in der im Elektrolyten vorhandenen Zusammensetzung fort, d. h. in die Wasserzwischenschicht treten von der einen Seite die Metallionen, von der anderen Seite die Säurerestionen ein, befinden sich also in dieser Wasserzwischenschicht im selben Zustand wie das Salz im Elektrolyten. Um diesen Effekt zu erreichen,have enough, then a complete removal of the escaping ions is given. In this Trap, the rinsing water continues the salts in the composition present in the electrolyte, d. H. The metal ions enter the water interlayer from one side and from the other side the acid residues are in the same state as that in this water interlayer Salt in the electrolyte. To achieve this effect,
ίο ist daher erforderlich, daß mindestens eine Wasserzwischenschicht beiderseits von Elektrolytschichten, alles durch Diaphragmen getrennt, umgeben ist. Eine größere Anzahl solcher Zwischenschichten ist natürlich noch vorteilhafter.ίο it is therefore necessary that at least one water interlayer is surrounded on both sides by electrolyte layers, all separated by diaphragms. A larger number of such intermediate layers is of course even more advantageous.
In welchem Ausmaße dem Spülwasser Salze zugesetzt werden sollen, entscheidet die Wirtschaftlichkeit, je nachdem, ob beim Stromverbrauch oder bei der Apparateinvestition gespart werden soll. Der nach diesem Verfahren erreichbare Entsalzungsgrad ist ein sehr hoher und hängt vom Gehalt ail Elektrolyten im Spülwasser ab.The extent to which salts should be added to the rinsing water is determined by economic efficiency, depending on whether you want to save on electricity consumption or on investment in equipment. The degree of desalination that can be achieved with this process is very high and depends on the ail content Electrolytes in the rinse water.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT288718X | 1948-12-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE814439C true DE814439C (en) | 1951-09-24 |
Family
ID=3670900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEB904A Expired DE814439C (en) | 1948-12-06 | 1949-12-01 | Process for the electrolytic precipitation of salts and acids from solutions |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH288718A (en) |
DE (1) | DE814439C (en) |
FR (1) | FR1000390A (en) |
NL (1) | NL165033C (en) |
-
0
- NL NLAANVRAGE7018089,A patent/NL165033C/en active
-
1949
- 1949-11-23 CH CH288718D patent/CH288718A/en unknown
- 1949-11-28 FR FR1000390D patent/FR1000390A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-12-01 DE DEB904A patent/DE814439C/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH288718A (en) | 1953-02-15 |
NL165033C (en) | |
FR1000390A (en) | 1952-02-11 |
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