DE731707C - Process for the isomerization of chloroalkanes - Google Patents

Process for the isomerization of chloroalkanes

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Publication number
DE731707C
DE731707C DENDAT731707D DE731707DA DE731707C DE 731707 C DE731707 C DE 731707C DE NDAT731707 D DENDAT731707 D DE NDAT731707D DE 731707D A DE731707D A DE 731707DA DE 731707 C DE731707 C DE 731707C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
chloroalkanes
isomerization
dichlorobutane
substances
autoclave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DENDAT731707D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Adrianus Johannes Van Peski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV
Original Assignee
Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Publication date
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Publication of DE731707C publication Critical patent/DE731707C/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/14Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
    • B28B11/145Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting for dividing block-shaped bodies of expanded materials, e.g. cellular concrete
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/50Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
    • B28B1/503Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/506Moulds therefor with means for, or adapted for, cutting the moulded article into pieces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/35Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction
    • C07C17/358Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction by isomerisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Description

Es wurde gefunden,. daß man die Stellung der Chloratome in Polychloralkanmolekülen verändern, bzw. die Chloratome in größerer Entfernung voneinander erhalten kann, indem man sie bei Temperaturen unterhalb etwa 2oo° mit Metall- oder Metalloidhalogeniden behandelt.It was found,. that one can determine the position of the chlorine atoms in polychloroalkane molecules change, or the chlorine atoms can be kept at a greater distance from each other by they are at temperatures below about 2oo ° with metal or metalloid halides treated.

Außer einer Verschiebung der Chloratome kann gegebenenfalls gleichzeitig eine Änderung im Kohlenstoffskelett des Moleküls eintreten. So können aus Polydhloralkanen mit gerader Kolilenstoffkette Verbindungen mit verzweigten Kohlenstoffketten gebildet werden. Von den Metall- bzw. Metalloidhalogeniden 4 kommen insbesondere die für Isomerisierung geeigneten Katalysatoren, z. B. Aluminium-Chlorid, Doppelverbüidungen desselben mit anderen Stoffen, z. B. mit Alkylaromaten (sog. GustavsonsChe Verbindungen), BorfiuoridIn addition to a shift in the chlorine atoms, a change in the carbon skeleton of the molecule can also occur at the same time. For example, compounds with branched carbon chains can be formed from polydhloralkanes with straight carbon chains. Of the metal or metalloid halides 4 , in particular the catalysts suitable for isomerization, e.g. B. aluminum chloride, Doppelverbüidungen the same with other substances, eg. B. with alkyl aromatics (so-called GustavsonsChe compounds), boron fluoride

u. dgl·., in Betracht.and the like., into consideration.

Die Reaktion kann sowohl in der Gasphase wie in der flüssigen Phase stattfinden, wobei entweder unter normalem, erhöhtem oder vermindertem Druck gearbeitet werden kann.The reaction can take place both in the gas phase and in the liquid phase, whereby can be operated either under normal, elevated or reduced pressure.

Es können außerdem aktivierend wirkende Stoffe angewendet werden, darunter Halogenwasserstoffsäuren, z. B. Chlorwasserstoff säure. Diese fördern die Wirkung des Katalysators, während sie insbesondere bei höheren Temperaturen auch eine Zersetzung der Polychloralkane verhindern. Der Halogenwasserstoff muß zu diesem Zweck in genügender Konzentration im Reaktionsmedium vorhanden sein, was beim Arbeiten in der flüssigen Phase erreicht wird, indem -man beispielsweise die Reaktion unter einem Partialdruck von einigen Atmosphären Halogenwasserstoff, vornimmt. Activating substances can also be used, including hydrohalic acids, z. B. hydrochloric acid. These promote the action of the catalyst, while they are particularly effective at higher temperatures also prevent decomposition of the polychloralkanes. The hydrogen halide must be present in sufficient concentration in the reaction medium for this purpose, what is achieved when working in the liquid phase by, for example, the Reaction under a partial pressure of a few atmospheres of hydrogen halide.

Gegebenenfalls können die Katalysatoren auch gemeinsam mit anderen Stoffen, dieIf appropriate, the catalysts can also be used together with other substances

ebenfalls katalytisch wirksam sein können, angewendet werden, z. B. mit aktiver Kohle, Kieselsäuregel, Bimsstein, Kaolin, aktiviertem Aluminiumoxyd n. dgl.can also be catalytically active, can be used, e.g. B. with active charcoal, Silica gel, pumice stone, kaolin, activated aluminum oxide, etc.

Die Reaktionstemperatur hängt von der Art des zu isomerisierenden Polychloralkans ab. Die niedrigste praktisch in Betracht kommende Temperatur liegt ungefähr bei Zimmertemperatur, während andererseits unterhalb etwa 2ooc und vorzugsweise unterhalb 150° gearbeitet wird.The reaction temperature depends on the type of polychloroalkane to be isomerized. The lowest practically possible temperature is approximately at room temperature, while on the other hand it is carried out below about 200 ° C. and preferably below 150 °.

Beispiel 1example 1

In einen Autoklaven aus V2A-Stahl von 1,31 Inhalt, wurden 127 g i, 2-Dichlorbutan und log Aluminiumchlorid eingebracht, worauf bei ι ο at Chlorwasserstoff eingedrückt wurde. Nachdem der Autoklav 16 Stunden bei 300 rotiert hatte, ergab sich, daß das ι, 2-Dichlorbutan nahezu vollständig in i, 3-Dichlorbutan umgesetzt worden war.In an autoclave made of V 2 A steel with a capacity of 1.31, 127 g of 2-dichlorobutane and 1 log of aluminum chloride were introduced, whereupon hydrogen chloride was injected at ι o at. After the autoclave had been rotated for 16 hours at 30 0, it was found that the ι, 2-dichlorobutane had been almost completely in i, 3-dichlorobutane implemented.

Beispiel 2Example 2

In einen stählernen Autoklaven von 1,31 Inhalt wurden 200 g 2,3-Dichlorpentan eingebracht; dann wurde auf o~ gekühlt. Hierauf wurden 20 g pulverförmiges, wasserfreies Aluminiumchlorid hinzugefügt und dann 50 g Salzsäuregas eingedrückt. Nachdem der Autoklav während 16 Stunden bei 30 rotiert hatte, wurde der Salzsäuredruck abgelassen, der Autoklav in Eis gekühlt und 300 cm3 2-n-Salzsäure eingesaugt zwecks Zersetzung des Katalysators. Das Reaktionsprodukt (1^Sg) wurde, nachdem es in ätherischer Lösung mit verdünnter Salzsäure ausgewaschen und über wasserfreiem Natriumsulfat getrocknet worden war, zweimal rektifiziert. Hierbei wurden 60 Gewichtsprozent einer zwischen 141 und I43= siedenden Fraktion aufgefangen mit d 20/20 = 1,062, die hauptsächlich aus 2, 4-Dichlor-2-methylbutan bestand, und 3 5 Gewichtsprozent einer zwischen 147 und 150 siedenden, hauptsächlich aus 2, 4-Dichlorpentan bestehenden Fraktion mit d 20/20= 1,065. Der Destillationsrückstand betrug 1 Gewichtsprozent und der Verlust an Produkt 4 Gewichtsprozent. 200 g of 2,3-dichloropentane were introduced into a steel autoclave with a capacity of 1.31; then it was cooled to o ~. Then 20 g of powdery, anhydrous aluminum chloride were added and then 50 g of hydrochloric acid gas were injected. After the autoclave had rotated at 30 for 16 hours, the hydrochloric acid pressure was released, the autoclave was cooled in ice and 300 cm 3 of 2N hydrochloric acid were sucked in to decompose the catalyst. The reaction product ( 1 ^ Sg), after having been washed in an ethereal solution with dilute hydrochloric acid and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, was rectified twice. Here, 60 percent by weight of a fraction boiling between 141 and 143 = with d 20/20 = 1.062, which consisted mainly of 2,4-dichloro-2-methylbutane, and 3 5 percent by weight of a fraction boiling between 147 and 150, mainly of 2, 4-dichloropentane with d 20/20 = 1.065. The distillation residue was 1 percent by weight and the loss of product was 4 percent by weight.

Das vorliegende Verfahren erstreckt sich auf niedrigmolekulare Chloralkane, nämlich solche mit weniger als io C-Atomen. Sie können in reiner Form oder gemischt mit anderen Stoffen, z. B. Kohlenwasserstoffen, Kohlensäure, Wasserstoff und Stickstoff, der iscnierisierungsbehandlung unterzogen werden.The present process extends to low molecular weight chloroalkanes, viz those with fewer than 10 carbon atoms. They can be in pure form or mixed with other substances, e.g. B. hydrocarbons, carbonic acid, hydrogen and nitrogen, the be subjected to icing treatment.

IXe gemäß der Erfindung erhaltenen Chloralkane können Verwendung finden als Ausgangsmateria] für mehrere wertvolle Erzeugnisse, was an Hand einiger Fälle erläutert wird. ßoIXe obtained according to the invention chloroalkanes can be used as starting material] for several valuable products, which is explained on the basis of a few cases. ßo

Die durch Dampfphasenspaltung von Paraffinwachs, Mineralölen oder Mineralölfraktionen erhaltenen Produkte enthalten Olefine, die wichtige Rohstoffe zur Herstellung verschiedener chemischer Produkte, wie Aikohole. Amine, Carbonsäuren. Diolefine usw., sind. Die Herstellung dieser Stoffe geschieht meistens über die Chloralkane. So kann man aus Buten-1 das i, 2-Dichlorbutan herstellen. Wenn man gemäß vorliegender Eriln- 7" dung dieses Dichlorbutan in i, 3-Dichlorbutan umwandelt, so läßt sich hieraus durch HCl-Abspaltung bei hoher Temperatur Butadien herstellen, das ein wichtiger Ausgangsstoff zur Gewinnung von synthetischem Kautschuk, 7·"> Harzen, Fäden u. dgl. darstellt. Aus dem i, 2-Dichlorbutan ist über diesen direkten Weg kein Butadien erhältlich.The products obtained by vapor phase splitting of paraffin wax, mineral oils or mineral oil fractions contain olefins, which are important raw materials for the manufacture of various chemical products such as alcohols. Amines, carboxylic acids. Diolefins, etc. are. These substances are usually produced using the chloroalkanes. So you can produce the i, 2-dichlorobutane from butene-1. When one of the present Eriln- 7 "dung this dichlorobutane in i, 3-dichlorobutane converts, it can from this by elimination of HCl at high temperature butadiene prepared, which is an important starting material for the production of synthetic rubber, 7 ·"> resins, threads and the like. Butadiene cannot be obtained from the i, 2-dichlorobutane via this direct route.

Die nach vorliegendem Verfahren gewonnenen Dichloralkane, in denen die Chloratome sich in einiger Entfernung voneinander befinden, können auch als Ausgangsmaterial zur Herstellung von Dicarbonsäuren dienen, die zur Gewinnung von Kunstharzen vom Glyptaltyp verwendbar sind. Sie können schließlich auch über die Nitrile in Carbonsäuren umgewandelt werden.The dichloroalkanes obtained by the present process, in which the chlorine atoms are at some distance from each other can also be used as the starting material for the production of dicarboxylic acids used for the production of synthetic resins from Glyptal type are usable. Finally, you can also use the nitriles in carboxylic acids being transformed.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verfahren zur Isomerisierung von weniger als io Kohlenstoffatome aufweisenden Polychloralkanen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese bei Temperaturen unterhalb etwa 200", vorzugsweise zwischen Zimmertemperatur und 150% mit Halogeniden von Metallen oder Metalloiden, gegebenenfalls in Anwesenheit von aktivierenden Stoffen, wie Halogenwasserstoffsäuren, behandelt werden.Process for the isomerization of fewer than 10 carbon atoms Polychloralkanes, characterized in that they are used at temperatures below about 200 ", preferably between Room temperature and 150% with halides of metals or metalloids, optionally in the presence of activating substances, such as hydrohalic acids, be treated.
DENDAT731707D 1939-11-27 Process for the isomerization of chloroalkanes Expired DE731707C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3087339A GB535435A (en) 1939-11-27 1939-11-27 A process for the isomerisation of chlor-alkanes

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DE731707C true DE731707C (en) 1943-01-21

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NL (2) NL95936C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3502735A (en) * 1966-08-19 1970-03-24 Harry B Copelin Process for isomerizing dihalohydrocarbons

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467965A (en) * 1946-01-30 1949-04-19 Universal Oil Prod Co Isomerization of alkyl halides
US3230269A (en) * 1962-10-25 1966-01-18 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of tertiary olefins

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3502735A (en) * 1966-08-19 1970-03-24 Harry B Copelin Process for isomerizing dihalohydrocarbons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL53446C (en)
GB535435A (en) 1941-04-09
NL95936C (en)

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