DE643508C - Schmieroel - Google Patents

Schmieroel

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Publication number
DE643508C
DE643508C DEW91358D DEW0091358D DE643508C DE 643508 C DE643508 C DE 643508C DE W91358 D DEW91358 D DE W91358D DE W0091358 D DEW0091358 D DE W0091358D DE 643508 C DE643508 C DE 643508C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
oil
tin
untreated
viscosity
reduction
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Expired
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DEW91358D
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English (en)
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CC Wakefield and Co Ltd
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CC Wakefield and Co Ltd
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    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/04Metals; Alloys
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    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/12Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
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    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Verbesserungen an Schmierölen, wodurch ein« vorzeitige Alterung der Öle im Gebrauch verhindert wird. Es ist bekannt, daß Schmieröle unter Betrieb sbedingungen, beispielsweise in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, oft nach einer verhältnismäßig sehr kurzen Laufzeit Schlamm absetzen. Dieser Schlamm entsteht durch Oxydation des Öles, und zwar dadurch, daß das
ίο Öl in großer Oberfläche dem Sauerstoff ausgesetzt wird, wodurch die Alterung besonders schnell bei den herrschenden hohen Temperaturen fortschreitet. Ferner tritt aber auch eine Alterung bei niederen Temperaturen in dem im Kurbelkasten vorhandenen· Ölnebel ein.
Es ist schon früher vorgeschlagen worden, die Schlammbildung im Öl durch Zusatz einer geringen Menge von Tetraäthylblei herabzusetzen, aber es wurde gefunden, daß dieser Zusatz nicht bei allen Temperaturen, besonders aber nicht bei niederen Temperaturen, gleich wirksam ist.
Auch wurde schon früher vorgeschlagen, die Bildung von Schlamm in Isolierölen durch den Zusatz von geringen Mengen von Zinnoleat herabzusetzen. Ferner ist der Zusatz von Metallseifen zu Schmierölen bekannt, um die schmierenden Eigenschaften des Schmiermittels zu verbessern.
Außer der Eigenschaft der Oxydationsbeständigkeit gibt es eine andere wichtige Eigenschaft, die ein Schmieröl für Brennkraftmaschinen besitzen soll. Diese besteht darin, daß das Öl einen hohen Selbstzündungspunkt aufweist, damit es nicht verbrennt, wenn es in dem Arbeitszylinder hohen Temperaturen und Drücken ausgesetzt ist.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Tetraäthylblei für diesen zuletzt genannten Zweck besonders geeignet ist. Das Tetraäthylblei erfüllt demgemäß den doppelten Zweck: eine Erhöhung des Selbstzündungspunktes bei gleichzeitiger Verhinderung der Schlammbildung bei hohen Temperaturen, während die organischen Zinn· verbindungen die Schlammbildung bei niederen Temperaturen verhindern.
Nach der Erfindung sollen demgemäß, um Schmierölen oxydationsbeständige Eigenschaften über ein weiteres Temperaturbereich und einen hohen Selbstzündungspunkt zu verleihen, den Schmierölen eine organische Zinnverbindung, wie Zinnoleat, Zinnaphthyl, Zinnricinoleat, Zinnphenyl oder Zinnmethyljodid, und eine organische Bleiverbindung, wie Tetraäthylblei, gemeinsam in kleinen Mengen, vorzugsweise von jeder Verbindungsgruppe 10/0 oder weniger, zugesetzt werden.
Wenn die Stoffe in metallischer Form oder in einer in dem Öl nichtlöslichen Form ver-

Claims (1)

  1. wendet werden, so sollen sie sehr lein zerkleinert werden, annähernd bis zu kolloider Größe, so daß sie in dem Öl suspendiert verbleiben. Es ist .jedoch vorzuziehen, solche. Stoffe zu wählen, die in Ül löslich sind, wie. beispielsweise die oben namentlich aufgeführten Verbindungen. ''■':'. Was die zu wählende Menge der Zusatzstoffe betrifft, so besteht hier die Hauptbedingung darin, daß durch den Zusatz die Viscosität des Üles nicht in unzulässiger Weise beeinflußt wird. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Menge jeder der dem öl zuzusetzenden Verbindungsgruppen bis zu etwa ι Gewiclits-J5 prozent, bezogen auf das Öl, betragen kann. Es sind Versuche durchgeführt worden mit Venezuelaöl 'asphaltbasisches Üli, russischem Öl, pennsylvanischem öl (bright stock), Ricinusöl und anderen fetten ölen oder ölsäuren, wie beispielsweise Oleinsäure und Olivenöl. Die Versuche wurden in einer Bombe bei Temperaturen zwischen 150 und 250° in Gegenwart von Luft während einer Zeitspanne bis zu 30 Tagen angestellt.
    Die Ergebnisse zeigen, verglichen mit solchen, die mit unbehandelten Ölen erzielt wurden, eine Oxydationsverminderung bis zu 401O, berechnet an der Absorption des Sauerstolfes in der Bombe. Diese Verminderung war begleitet von einer Verringerung in der Schlammbildung, und auch die Zunahme -$,<;r Viscosität war gering.
    'vi/Bc'i einem Versuch wurden in t 1 Öl, das iiiR:K-r dem Namen »Castrol XXL« bekannt ist, yog Bleitetraäthyl und iog Zinnoleat gemischt. Nach der Mischung wurden zwei Ölproben, eine behandelte und eine unbehandelte, in Bomben in der gleichen Weise, wie oben beschrieben, untersucht. Die Proben wurden bis auf 2500 während 2 Stunden erhitzt. Es ergab sich, daß bei dem vorbehandelten Öl eine 20o'o geringere Oxydation eintrat und daß das Öl einen beträchtlich höheren SeJbstentzündungspunkt hatte als die unbehandelte Probe. Die Viscositätssteigerung war ebenfalls geringer bei dem vorbehandelten Öl als bei dem unbehandelten.
    Ρλ τ ε ν τ α xspRUCii:
    Gleichzeitige Verwendung einer organischen Zinnverbindung, wie Zinnoleat, Zinnaphthyl. Zinnricinoleat, Zinnphenyl oder Zinnmethyljodid, und einer organischen Bleiverbindung, wie Tetraäthylblei, in geringen Mengen, vorzugsweise je 10/0 oder weniger, als Zusatz zu Schmierölen.
DEW91358D 1932-03-09 1933-03-10 Schmieroel Expired DE643508C (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7028/32A GB398222A (en) 1932-03-09 1932-03-09 Improvements relating to lubricating oils

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DE643508C true DE643508C (de) 1937-04-09

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DEW91358D Expired DE643508C (de) 1932-03-09 1933-03-10 Schmieroel

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BE (1) BE394838A (de)
DE (1) DE643508C (de)
FR (1) FR752113A (de)
GB (1) GB398222A (de)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR752113A (fr) 1933-09-16
GB398222A (en) 1933-09-11
BE394838A (de)

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