DE3047744A1 - Cold cathode ionisation vacuum meter - has additional igniting electrode in form of hot cathode - Google Patents

Cold cathode ionisation vacuum meter - has additional igniting electrode in form of hot cathode

Info

Publication number
DE3047744A1
DE3047744A1 DE19803047744 DE3047744A DE3047744A1 DE 3047744 A1 DE3047744 A1 DE 3047744A1 DE 19803047744 DE19803047744 DE 19803047744 DE 3047744 A DE3047744 A DE 3047744A DE 3047744 A1 DE3047744 A1 DE 3047744A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cold cathode
vacuum meter
cathode
housing
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19803047744
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans 5000 Köln Limp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers und Leybold Deutschland Holding AG
Original Assignee
Leybold Heraeus GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold Heraeus GmbH filed Critical Leybold Heraeus GmbH
Priority to DE19803047744 priority Critical patent/DE3047744A1/en
Publication of DE3047744A1 publication Critical patent/DE3047744A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J41/00Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas; Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions
    • H01J41/02Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas
    • H01J41/06Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas with ionisation by means of cold cathodes

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  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The ionisation vacuum meter is used for measuring the pressure over the particle density. It comprises a cold cathode and anode, between which is ignited and maintained a cold discharge by a direct voltage of the order of 3 kV, burning stationary even at very low pressures. The vacuum meter has an additional ignition electrode (9), preferably in the form of a hot cathode. The hot cathode may be connected to the housing (1), containing the cold cathode and anode, and to voltage supply pin (12), inserted insulatingly into the housing. The pin may be held in a pressure glass seal (14). The design removes the ignition draw-backs of prior art vacuum meters and safeguard ignition in the region of 10 power minus 3 m bar.

Description

Kaltkathoden-IonisationsvakuummeterCold cathode ionization vacuum gauges

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter mit einem Gehäuse und darin befindlichen Elektroden.The invention relates to a cold cathode ionization vacuum meter with a housing and electrodes located therein.

Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter gehören zur Gruppe der Ionisationsvakuummeter, die den Druck über die Teilchenzahldichte messen. Sie weisen zwei nicht beheizte Elektroden-Kathode und -Anode auf, zwischen denen mittels einer Gleichspannung in der Größenordnung von 3 kV eine kalte Entladung gezündet und aufrechterhalten wird, die auch bei sehr tiefen Drücken noch stationär brennt. Dies wird mit Hilfe eines Magnetfeldes erreicht. Durch Elektronenstoß entstehen positive und negative Ladungsträger, die zu den entsprechender , Elektroden wandern und einen druckabhängigen Entladungsstrom bilden. Ionisationsvakuummeter dieser Art sind in einem Druckbereich von etwa 10 2 bis 10 10 mbar einsetzbar. Nachteilig an diesen Vakuummetern ist, daß die Entladung nicht immer gezündet werden kann.Cold cathode ionization vacuum gauges belong to the group of ionization vacuum gauges, which measure the pressure via the particle number density. You assign two unheated Electrode cathode and anode, between which by means of a direct voltage in a cold discharge of the order of magnitude of 3 kV is ignited and maintained, which still burns stationary even at very low pressures. This is done with the help of a Magnetic field reached. Electron impact creates positive and negative charge carriers, which migrate to the corresponding electrodes and generate a pressure-dependent discharge current form. Ionization vacuum gauges of this type are in a pressure range of about 10 2 to 10 10 mbar can be used. The disadvantage of these vacuum gauges is that the discharge cannot always be ignited.

Normalerweise soll ein Ionisationsvakuummeter dieser Art spätestens im Bereich von 10 3 mbar eingeschaltet werden, damit danach der weiter erfolgende Druckabfall verfolgt werden kann. Bei diesem Druck gibt es im allgemeinen keine Zündprobleme; Es kommt aber immer wieder vor, daß Anwender -aus welchen Gründen auch immer - die Absicht haben, das Vakuummeter entweder erst bei sehr niedrigen Drücken einzuschalten oder vorübergehend auszuschalten, um es dann ebenfalls bei niedrigen Drücken wieder einzuschalten. Bei sehr niedrigen Drücken treten die genannten Zündschwierigkeiten in besonderem Maße auf.Normally an ionization vacuum meter of this type should at the latest be switched on in the range of 10 3 mbar, so that then the next taking place Pressure drop can be tracked. At this pressure there are generally none Ignition problems; But it happens again and again that users - for what reasons Anyway - intend to use the vacuum gauge either at very low levels Press to switch it on or to switch it off temporarily, then also at switch it back on again. The aforementioned occur at very low pressures Ignition difficulties to a particular degree.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung licßgt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter so zu gestalten, daß die geschilderten Zündschwierigkeiten nicht mehr auftreten.The present invention is based on the object of a cold cathode ionization vacuum meter to be designed in such a way that the ignition difficulties described no longer occur.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dazu vorgeschlagen, das Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter mit einer zusätzlichen Zündelektrode, vorzugsweise einer Glühkathode, auszurüsten. Das kurzzeitige Einschalten eines ausreichend großen Stromes durch diese Zündelektrode bewirkt eine Elektronenemission zur Anode hin, wodurch Ionen erzeugt und damit die Entladung spontan in Gang gesetzt wird. Zum Zünden der Entladung reicht eine Brenndauer von weniger als 1/2 sec aus. Die eigentliche Druckmessung wird durch die abgeschaltete Zündkathode nicht beeinflußt.According to the invention, it is proposed to use the cold cathode ionization vacuum meter to equip with an additional ignition electrode, preferably a hot cathode. Briefly switching on a sufficiently large current through this ignition electrode causes an emission of electrons towards the anode, which generates ions and thus the Discharge is set in motion spontaneously. One burning time is sufficient to ignite the discharge of less than 1/2 sec. The actual pressure measurement is switched off by the Ignition cathode not affected.

Einzelheiten der vorliegenden Erfindung sollen anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles erläutert werden.Details of the present invention are based on one in the Figure illustrated embodiment are explained.

Das teilweise im Schnitt dargestellte Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter weist ein vakuumdichtes Gußgehäuse 1 auf, das von einem Ringmagneten 2 umgeben und mittels einer Schutzkappe 3 abgedeckt ist. Mit dem Flansch 4 wird das Ionisationsvakuummeter mit dem nicht dargestellten Rezipienten verbunden, in dem der Druck gemessen und/oder überwacht werden soll.The cold cathode ionization vacuum meter shown partially in section has a vacuum-tight cast housing 1, which is surrounded by a ring magnet 2 and is covered by a protective cap 3. With the flange 4 the ionization vacuum meter connected to the recipient, not shown, in which the pressure is measured and / or should be monitored.

Innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 befinden sich die Kathode 5 und die ringförmige Anode 6, zwischen denen bei betriebsbereitem Gerät die Entladung aufrechterhalten wird. Mittels der Druckglas-Einschmelzung 7 und der Anodenzuführung 8 ist die Anode 6 im Gehäuse gehaltert. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse sind bekannt und im einzelnen nicht dargestellt.Inside the housing 1 are the cathode 5 and the ring-shaped Anode 6, between which the discharge is maintained when the device is ready for operation will. By means of the pressure glass seal 7 and the anode feed 8, the anode is 6 held in the housing. The electrical connections are known and in detail not shown.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zündclektrode ist mit 9 bezeichnet.The ignition electrode according to the invention is denoted by 9.

Sie umfaßt einen Glühdraht 11, der zum einen mit dem auf Masse liegenden Gehäuse 1 und zum anderen mit einem Stift 12 verbunden ist. Der Stift 12 ragt durch eine Öffnung 13 im Gehäuse 1 in den Entladungsraum hinein und ist ebenfalls mittels einer Druckglas-Einschmelzung 14 gehaltert.It comprises a filament 11, which is on the one hand with the Dimensions lying housing 1 and is connected to the other with a pin 12. The pencil 12 protrudes through an opening 13 in the housing 1 into the discharge space and is also held by means of a pressure glass seal 14.

Zweckmäßigerweise befindet sich die Druckglas-Einschmelzung 14 in einer Hülse 15, die mit ihrem vorderen Ende in der öffnung 13 im Gehäuse 1 befestigt ist. Um die Entladung mit Hilfe dieser Einrichtung 9 in Gang zu setzen, wird dem Glühdraht 11 über den Stift 12 ein ausreichend hoher Strom zugeführt. Das führt zu einer Elektronenemission, die die Entladung zündet.The pressure glass seal 14 is expediently located in FIG a sleeve 15, which is fastened with its front end in the opening 13 in the housing 1 is. In order to set the discharge with the help of this device 9 in motion, the A sufficiently high current is supplied to the filament 11 via the pin 12. Leading to an electron emission that ignites the discharge.

Claims (4)

Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter ANSPRÜCHE 1. Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter mit einem Gehäuse und darin befindlichen Elektroden, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß es mit einer zusätzlichen Zündelektrode (9) ausgerüstet ist.Cold cathode ionization vacuum gauges CLAIMS 1. Cold cathode ionization vacuum gauges with a housing and electrodes located therein, d a d u r c h e k e n n z e i c h e t that it is equipped with an additional ignition electrode (9). 2. Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter nach Anspruch 1, d a. d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Zündelektrode (9) eine Glühkathode ist.2. cold cathode ionization vacuum meter according to claim 1, d a. d u r It is indicated that the ignition electrode (9) is a hot cathode. 3. Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter nach Anspruch. 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Glühkathode (11) mit dem Gehäuse (1) und mit einem isoliert in das Gehäuse eingeführten, der Spannungsversorgung dienenden Stift (12) verbunden ist.3. Cold cathode ionization vacuum meter according to claim. 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the hot cathode (11) with the housing (1) and with an insulated inserted into the housing, serving for the voltage supply Pin (12) is connected. 4. Kaltkathoden-Ionisationsvakuummeter nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Stift (12) in einer Druckglaseinschmelzung (14) gehaltert ist.4. cold cathode ionization vacuum meter according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n e i c h n e t that the pin (12) in a pressure glass seal (14) is supported.
DE19803047744 1980-12-18 1980-12-18 Cold cathode ionisation vacuum meter - has additional igniting electrode in form of hot cathode Withdrawn DE3047744A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803047744 DE3047744A1 (en) 1980-12-18 1980-12-18 Cold cathode ionisation vacuum meter - has additional igniting electrode in form of hot cathode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803047744 DE3047744A1 (en) 1980-12-18 1980-12-18 Cold cathode ionisation vacuum meter - has additional igniting electrode in form of hot cathode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3047744A1 true DE3047744A1 (en) 1982-07-22

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DE (1) DE3047744A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0271769A1 (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-22 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Penning-type vacuum gauge
WO1996019720A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-27 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Penning measuring cell with ignition aid
EP1039285A2 (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-09-27 The BOC Group plc Cold cathode vacuum gauge
WO2009063233A3 (en) * 2007-11-12 2009-10-22 Edwards Limited Ionisation vacuum gauges and gauge heads

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DD-Z: Feingerätetechnik, 15. Jg., H.3, 1966, S. 121-122 *
DE-AN S 23 166 IX/42k v.28.08.1952 *
DE-AN S 24 506 IX/42k v.20.08.1951 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0271769A1 (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-22 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Penning-type vacuum gauge
DE3642670A1 (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-23 Leybold Ag PENNING IONIZATION VACUUM METER
US4847564A (en) * 1986-12-13 1989-07-11 Keybold Aktiengesellschaft Cold-cathode ionization vacuum meter with auxiliary ignition system for very low pressure operation
WO1996019720A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-27 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Penning measuring cell with ignition aid
DE4445828A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-27 Leybold Ag Penning measuring cell with ignition aid
US5923172A (en) * 1994-12-22 1999-07-13 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Penning type gauge head with ignition aid
EP1039285A2 (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-09-27 The BOC Group plc Cold cathode vacuum gauge
EP1039285A3 (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-04 The BOC Group plc Cold cathode vacuum gauge
JP2000292297A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-20 Boc Group Plc:The Vacuum gauge
US6474171B1 (en) 1999-03-24 2002-11-05 The Boc Group Plc Vacuum gauge
WO2009063233A3 (en) * 2007-11-12 2009-10-22 Edwards Limited Ionisation vacuum gauges and gauge heads
US8456167B2 (en) 2007-11-12 2013-06-04 Edwards Limited Ionisation vacuum gauges and gauge heads

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