DE19930036A1 - Voltage limiter circuit has control element that forms closed switch for output below defined threshold and operates as linear regulator from output voltage threshold - Google Patents

Voltage limiter circuit has control element that forms closed switch for output below defined threshold and operates as linear regulator from output voltage threshold

Info

Publication number
DE19930036A1
DE19930036A1 DE1999130036 DE19930036A DE19930036A1 DE 19930036 A1 DE19930036 A1 DE 19930036A1 DE 1999130036 DE1999130036 DE 1999130036 DE 19930036 A DE19930036 A DE 19930036A DE 19930036 A1 DE19930036 A1 DE 19930036A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
voltage
output voltage
output
threshold
control element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1999130036
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dieter Kolkmann
Siegfried Schmees
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goodrich Lighting Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hella KGaA Huek and Co filed Critical Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Priority to DE1999130036 priority Critical patent/DE19930036A1/en
Publication of DE19930036A1 publication Critical patent/DE19930036A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
    • G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
    • G05F1/571—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overvoltage detector

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit has a control element connected in the path between the input voltage and the output voltage. The control element forms a closed switch for an output below a defined threshold and operates as a linear regulator from the output voltage threshold. The control element is a field effect transistor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung mit einem in den Pfad zwischen Eingangsspannung und Ausgangsspannung geschalteten Stellglied.The invention relates to a voltage limiting circuit with one in the path Actuator connected between input voltage and output voltage.

Bei einer Spannungsregelung reduziert eine Elektronik eine große Eingangsspannung Uin auf eine kleine Ausgangsspannung Uout. Dies ist schematisch in der Fig. 2 dargestellt. Dabei ist es unerheblich, ob der Regler im Plus- oder Minuszweig angeordnet ist (siehe Fig. 2a und 2b). Als Regler wurde bisher standardmäßig ein integrierter Spannungsreglerbaustein oder ein Bipolartransistor (siehe Fig. 3) verwendet.With voltage regulation, electronics reduce a large input voltage Uin to a small output voltage Uout. This is shown schematically in FIG. 2. It is irrelevant whether the controller is arranged in the plus or minus branch (see FIGS . 2a and 2b). An integrated voltage regulator module or a bipolar transistor (see FIG. 3) has previously been used as a regulator.

Bei diesen Schaltungen entsteht immer ein Spannungsabfall über dem Regler (Uregler), und zwar selbst dann, wenn die Eingangsspannung Uin noch kleiner ist als die gewünschte Ausgangsspannung Uout. Dieses ist besonders nachteilig, wenn auch schon bei Eingangsspannungen unterhalb der maximal zulässigen Ausgangsspannung ein großer Strom I fließt, der dann am Regler hohe Verlustleistungen (Pregler = I . Uregler) erzeugt.With these circuits there is always a voltage drop across the controller (U regulator), even if the input voltage Uin is even lower than the desired output voltage Uout. This is particularly disadvantageous if even with input voltages below the maximum permissible Output voltage a large current I flows, which is then high at the controller Power dissipation (Pregler = I. Regulator) generated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache und kostengünstige Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung zu schaffen, die zumindest bei Eingangsspannungen, die nicht größer sind als ein vorgegebener Grenzwert einer (maximal zulässigen) Ausgangsspannung eine besonders geringe Durchlaßverlustleistung aufweist.The invention has for its object a simple and inexpensive To create voltage limiting circuit that at least at Input voltages that are not greater than a predetermined limit value (maximum permissible) output voltage is a particularly low one Has transmission loss.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Stellglied unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes der Ausgangsspannung einen geschlossenen Schalter ausbildet und ab dem vorgegebenen Grenzwert der Ausgangsspannung als Linearregler arbeitet.This object is achieved in that the actuator below a predetermined limit value of the output voltage a closed Switch forms and from the predetermined limit of the output voltage as Linear controller works.

Das Stellglied ist hierbei vorteilhafterweise als Feldeffekttransistor oder als MOSFET ausgebildet. Solange keine Spannungsbegrenzung erfolgt, entstehen am Transistor nur geringe Durchlaßverluste (Pv = RDS-on * I2).The actuator is advantageously designed as a field effect transistor or as a MOSFET. As long as there is no voltage limitation, only small forward losses occur at the transistor (Pv = R DS-on * I 2 ).

Im folgenden soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. In the following an embodiment of the circuit according to the invention be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.  

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1 ein schematisches Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung, Fig. 1 is a schematic embodiment of the voltage limiting circuit according to the invention,

Fig. 2 und 3 jeweils schematisch Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltungen nach dem Stand der Technik. Fig. 2 and 3 each schematically voltage limiting circuits according to the prior art.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung ist in der Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellt.An embodiment of the voltage limiting circuit according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 1.

Die zu begrenzende Ausgangsspannung Uout wird durch einen Ist-/Sollwertvergleicher überwacht. Als Stellglied dient ein MOSFET, der wenn er durchgeschaltet ist, einen Innenwiderstand von nur wenigen Milliohm aufweist und dadurch einen deutlich geringeren Spannungsabfall als ein Bipolartransistor erzeugt. Bei einem Längsregler mit einem Bipolartransistor ist die zu regelnde Ausgangsspannung Uout immer um mindestens Ube = 0,6 . . . 0,7 V kleiner als die ungeregelte Eingangsspannung. Dadurch entstehen auch bei Unter- und Normalspannungsbetrieb am Bipolartransistor, je nach Last, Verluste in der Größenordnung von einigen Watt (Pv = Ube . ILast).The output voltage Uout to be limited is monitored by an actual / setpoint comparator. The actuator used is a MOSFET which, when switched through, has an internal resistance of only a few milliohms and thus generates a significantly lower voltage drop than a bipolar transistor. In the case of a series regulator with a bipolar transistor, the output voltage Uout to be regulated is always at least Ube = 0.6. , , 0.7 V less than the unregulated input voltage. This results in losses of the order of a few watts (Pv = Ube. I load ), depending on the load, even when operating under- and normal voltage at the bipolar transistor.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung wird das Stellglied unterhalb der maximal zulässigen Spannungsgrenze wie ein geschlossener Schalter betrieben, d. h. es ergibt sich nur ein minimaler Spannungsabfall über den Transistor. Solange keine Spannungsbegrenzung vorgenommen wird, entstehen daher am Transistor nur geringe Durchlaßverluste. Bei einem typischen Durchlaßwiderstand von 20 mOhm liegen diese im Milliwattbereich.In the circuit according to the invention, the actuator is below the maximum permissible voltage limit operated as a closed switch, d. H. it there is only a minimal voltage drop across the transistor. As long as none Voltage limitation is made only on the transistor low transmission losses. With a typical forward resistance of 20 mOhm these are in the milliwatt range.

Die Regelung des Stellgliedes erfolgt durch den Ist-/Sollwert-Vergleicher über ein Koppelglied, welcher als Optokoppler ausgebildet ist. Eine galvanische Trennung durch den Optokoppler wurde gewählt, um Störungen bzw. Rückwirkungen des Leistungsteils auf den Steuerteil auszuschließen.The actuator is controlled by the actual / setpoint comparator via a Coupling element, which is designed as an optocoupler. A galvanic isolation was chosen by the optocoupler to avoid interference or repercussions of Exclude power section on the control section.

Wird der zulässige Ausgangsspannungswert erreicht, wird das Stellglied aus dem Schalterbetrieb in den linearen Betrieb geregelt und arbeitet dann als Linearregler.If the permissible output voltage value is reached, the actuator is removed from the Switch operation regulated in linear operation and then works as a linear controller.

Claims (5)

1. Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung mit einem in den Pfad zwischen Eingangsspannung und Ausgangsspannung geschalteten Stellglied, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes der Ausgangsspannung einen geschlossener Schalter ausbildet und ab dem vorgegebenen Grenzwert der Ausgangsspannung als Linearregler arbeitet.1. Voltage limiting circuit with an actuator connected in the path between input voltage and output voltage, characterized in that the actuator forms a closed switch below a predetermined limit value of the output voltage and operates as a linear regulator from the predetermined limit value of the output voltage. 2. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied ein Feldeffekttransistor ist.2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator is a Field effect transistor is. 3. Schaltung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied ein MOSFET ist.3. A circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator is a Is MOSFET. 4. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit der Ausgangsspannung ein Ist-/Sollwertvergleicher verbunden ist, der über ein Koppelglied das Stellglied in Abhängigkeit von der Ausgangsspannung steuert.4. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that with the Output voltage is an actual / setpoint comparator connected via a Coupling element the actuator depending on the output voltage controls. 5. Schaltung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelglied als Optokoppler ausgebildet ist.5. A circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that the coupling element is designed as an optocoupler.
DE1999130036 1999-06-30 1999-06-30 Voltage limiter circuit has control element that forms closed switch for output below defined threshold and operates as linear regulator from output voltage threshold Withdrawn DE19930036A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999130036 DE19930036A1 (en) 1999-06-30 1999-06-30 Voltage limiter circuit has control element that forms closed switch for output below defined threshold and operates as linear regulator from output voltage threshold

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE1999130036 DE19930036A1 (en) 1999-06-30 1999-06-30 Voltage limiter circuit has control element that forms closed switch for output below defined threshold and operates as linear regulator from output voltage threshold

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DE19930036A1 true DE19930036A1 (en) 2001-01-04

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10105138A1 (en) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-08 E G O Control Systems Gmbh & C Electrical circuit arrangement
DE10158244A1 (en) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-26 Infineon Technologies Ag Method for supplying circuit units with excess voltage on high-voltage (HV) circuits sets up an HV circuit for excess voltage, a low-voltage (LV) for LV circuit functions and a protection voltage
DE10227335A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2004-01-15 Infineon Technologies Ag voltage regulators
DE102005028211A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-28 Infineon Technologies Ag Switching arrangement for connecting switching nodes, has control circuit designed for n-channel MOSFET and detects one of voltages at switching nodes, where MOSFET is regulated by control input when one of voltages attains threshold value
DE102006034780A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Power supply protection circuit for an electronic device inside a vehicle
WO2019217609A1 (en) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Constant resistance input pass switch with overvoltage protection
US11502674B2 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-11-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Optimized low Ron flatness gate driver

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3110077A1 (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-10-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Voltage regulating circuit

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3110077A1 (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-10-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Voltage regulating circuit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KAIFLER,Erich, TIHANYI,Jenoe: Bessere Schaltungen mit neuen SIPMOS-Kleinsignaltransistoren. In: Siemens Components 26, 1988, H.5, S.195-198 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10105138A1 (en) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-08 E G O Control Systems Gmbh & C Electrical circuit arrangement
DE10158244A1 (en) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-26 Infineon Technologies Ag Method for supplying circuit units with excess voltage on high-voltage (HV) circuits sets up an HV circuit for excess voltage, a low-voltage (LV) for LV circuit functions and a protection voltage
DE10158244B4 (en) * 2001-11-28 2004-02-12 Infineon Technologies Ag Active protection device for low-voltage circuits in low-voltage devices
US6999292B2 (en) 2001-11-28 2006-02-14 Infineon Technologies Ag Active protection device for low voltage circuits in items of low voltage equipment
DE10227335A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2004-01-15 Infineon Technologies Ag voltage regulators
US6919755B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2005-07-19 Infineon Technologies Ag Voltage regulator
DE102005028211A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-28 Infineon Technologies Ag Switching arrangement for connecting switching nodes, has control circuit designed for n-channel MOSFET and detects one of voltages at switching nodes, where MOSFET is regulated by control input when one of voltages attains threshold value
DE102005028211B4 (en) * 2005-06-17 2007-02-01 Infineon Technologies Ag Circuit arrangement for connecting a first circuit node to a second circuit node and for protecting the first circuit node from an overvoltage
DE102006034780A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Power supply protection circuit for an electronic device inside a vehicle
WO2019217609A1 (en) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Constant resistance input pass switch with overvoltage protection
US10848142B2 (en) 2018-05-10 2020-11-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Constant resistance input pass switch with overvoltage protection
US11502674B2 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-11-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Optimized low Ron flatness gate driver

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OM8 Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law
8127 New person/name/address of the applicant

Owner name: HELLA KGAA HUECK & CO., 59557 LIPPSTADT, DE

8127 New person/name/address of the applicant

Owner name: GOODRICH HELLA AEROSPACE LIGHTING SYSTEMS GMBH, 59

8127 New person/name/address of the applicant

Owner name: GOODRICH LIGHTING SYSTEMS GMBH, 59557 LIPPSTADT, D

8141 Disposal/no request for examination