DE19746134C1 - Sequential recovery of platinum group metals from solution - Google Patents

Sequential recovery of platinum group metals from solution

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Publication number
DE19746134C1
DE19746134C1 DE19746134A DE19746134A DE19746134C1 DE 19746134 C1 DE19746134 C1 DE 19746134C1 DE 19746134 A DE19746134 A DE 19746134A DE 19746134 A DE19746134 A DE 19746134A DE 19746134 C1 DE19746134 C1 DE 19746134C1
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platinum
platinum group
group metals
solution
separation
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DE19746134A
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German (de)
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Wolfgang Dr Hasenpusch
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Umicore AG and Co KG
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Degussa GmbH
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G55/00Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/26Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
    • C22B3/28Amines
    • C22B3/282Aliphatic amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Separation of platinum group metals from solutions whereby expensive metals, Rh and Ir, are separated off at the beginning of the process, and the compounds obtained are easily thermally decomposed to give the metal.- DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Separation of platinum group metals from hydrochloric acid solutions by fractional precipitation with polybasic nitrogen compounds by adding a triamine to the oxidised 2-6M solution so as to first separate off Rh is such that the process then comprises: - (i) reducing the filtrate and then separating off Ir using further triamine; followed by - (ii) oxidizing and then separating off the Pt by adding a diamine; and finally - (iii) precipitating Pd from the residual filtrate.TF - TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - The Rh is separated off using diethylenetriamine, the Ir using tetramethyl-diethylenetriamine, and the Pt using dimethylpiperazine

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Trennung der Platingruppenmetalle aus salzsaurer Lösung durch fraktionierte Fällung mit mehrbasischen StickstoffverbindungenThe invention relates to a method for separating the Platinum group metals from hydrochloric acid solution fractional precipitation with polybasic Nitrogen compounds

Für die Trennung der Platingruppenmetalle sind eine Reihe von Trennungsgängen bekannt, wie sie beispielsweise im "Edelmetalltaschenbuch" (Hüthig, Verlag, Heidelberg 1995) auf den Seiten 41-49 beschrieben werden. Sie gehen alle davon aus, daß im Trennungsgang zuerst das Platin und ganz am Ende die teuren Elemente Rhodium und Iridium separiert werden. Da diese Trennungsgänge sehr zeitaufwendig sind, sind die kostbaren Metalle Rhodium und Iridium oft wochenlang in einer Scheiderei gebunden. Es besteht daher der Wunsch, die Metalle Rhodium und Iridium möglichst frühzeitig aus dem Trennungsgang zu entfernen.There are a number for the separation of the platinum group metals known from separation channels, such as in "Precious Metal Pocket Book" (Hüthig, Verlag, Heidelberg 1995) on pages 41-49. You all go assume that the platinum and completely in the separation passage in the end the expensive elements rhodium and iridium separated become. Since these separations are very time consuming, the precious metals rhodium and iridium are often tied up in a vagina for weeks. It therefore exists the desire to use the metals rhodium and iridium if possible to remove early from the separation duct.

Aus der GB-A 2 247 888 und DE 44 43 228 A1 ist es bekannt, Rhodium und Iridium aus salzsaurer Lösung mit Polyaminen zu fällen, insbesondere mit Diethylen-triamin.From GB-A 2 247 888 and DE 44 43 228 A1 it is known Rhodium and iridium from hydrochloric acid solution with polyamines cases, especially with diethylene triamine.

Es war Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Trennung der Platingruppenmetalle aus salzsaurer Lösung durch fraktionierte Fällung mit mehrbasischen Stickstoffverbindungen zu entwickeln, das es erlaubt, die teuren Platinmetalle Rhodium und Iridium zu Beginn des Trennungsganges zu separieren und Platin und Palladium erst am Ende aufzuarbeiten. It was an object of the present invention to provide a method for separating the platinum group metals from hydrochloric acid solution by fractional precipitation with polybasic To develop nitrogen compounds that allow the expensive platinum metals rhodium and iridium at the beginning of the Separation and separate platinum and palladium to work up in the end.  

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß aus der oxidierten, 2- bis 6molar salzsauren Lösung der Platingruppenmetalle, bei der durch Zugabe eines Triamins zuerst das Rhodium abgetrennt worden ist, nach einer Reduktion durch weitere Zugabe eines Triamins das Iridium gefällt, anschließend nach einer erneuten Oxidation durch Zugabe eines Diamins das Platin separiert und zum Schluß aus dem Restfiltrat das Palladium ausgefällt wird.This object is achieved in that the oxidized, 2 to 6 molar hydrochloric acid solution of the Platinum group metals, by adding a triamine the rhodium has been separated first, after one Reduction by further addition of a triamine to the iridium precipitated, then after a new oxidation Adding a diamine separates the platinum and finally the palladium is precipitated from the residual filtrate.

Vorzugsweise verwendet man zur Abtrennung des Rhodiums Diethylentriamin, zur Abtrennung des Iridiums Tetramethyl-diethylentriamin und zur Abtrennung des Platins Dimethylpiperazin.Preferably used to separate the rhodium Diethylenetriamine, for the separation of the iridium Tetramethyl-diethylenetriamine and for the separation of the platinum Dimethylpiperazine.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden die Durchlaufzeiten der teureren Platinmetalle erheblich abgekürzt und dadurch die Kapitalbindung verringert.By the method according to the invention Throughput times of the more expensive platinum metals considerably abbreviated and thereby reduces the capital commitment.

Die gefällten Platinmetallverbindungen lassen sich leicht thermisch zersetzen, so daß die Metallmohre für die weitere Reinigung nach den üblichen Verfahren eingesetzt werden können.The precipitated platinum metal compounds are easy decompose thermally so that the metal tubes for further Cleaning can be used according to the usual procedures can.

Als Oxidationsmittel empfiehlt sich Wasserstoffperoxid, als Reduktionsmittel Formaldehyd.Hydrogen peroxide is recommended as an oxidizing agent Reducing agent formaldehyde.

Die folgenden Beispiele sollen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren näher erläutern:The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention Explain the procedure in more detail:

Beispiel 1example 1

Eine salzsaure Lösung enthält im Liter: 64 g Rhodium, 12 g Iridium, 94 g Platin und 37 g Palladium. A liter of hydrochloric acid solution contains: 64 g rhodium, 12 g Iridium, 94 g platinum and 37 g palladium.  

Nach Reduktion mit Schwefeldioxid, liegen Iridium und Platin in ihren niedrigen Oxidationsstufen vor.After reduction with sulfur dioxide, iridium and Platinum in their low oxidation states.

Die Lösung wird zunächst im heißen Zustand tropfenweise mit einer salzsauren Lösung versetzt, die äquimolare Mengen, und wegen der Gleichheit der Molekulargewichte auch gleiche Gewichtsmengen, nämlich 64 g, an Dieethylentriamin (dien) enthält.The solution is first added dropwise when hot a hydrochloric acid solution, the equimolar amounts, and because of the equality of the molecular weights also the same Amounts by weight, namely 64 g, of dieethylenetriamine (diene) contains.

Die Neutralisation des Diethylentriamins, 1 : 3 verdünnt mit Wasser, mit 6 n Salzsäure erfolgt kurz vorher. Beim Neutralisationspunkt schlägt die farblose Aminlösung ins Gelbe um. Die starke Wärmeentwicklung sorgt gleichzeitig für die Temperierung der Reagenzlösung.The neutralization of diethylenetriamine, diluted 1: 3 with Water, with 6N hydrochloric acid takes place shortly before. At the The colorless amine solution hits the neutralization point Yellow around. The strong heat development ensures at the same time for temperature control of the reagent solution.

Die Fällung des Dienium-hexachlororhodinats(III) geschieht langsam unter Nachfällung beim Abkühlen. Die direkte Ausbeute liegt mit 63 g bei über 98%. Der Niederschlag enthält nur geringe Spuren an Platin und Iridium.The dienium hexachlororhodinate (III) is precipitated slowly with reprecipitation on cooling. The direct one Yield is over 98% with 63 g. The precipitation contains only minor traces of platinum and iridium.

Die sich anschließende Iridium-Abtrennung läuft in ähnlicher Weise ab. Die Löslichkeit des entsprechenden dienium-hexachloroiridats(III) ist mit 70 mg/l allerdings für eine quantitative Abtrennung zu hoch. Daher kommt hier das Tetramethyl-diethylentriamin zum Einsatz. Für 12 g Iridium reichen 10 g des Amins, das analog mit Salzsäure neutralisiert wird. Die Ausbeute liegt mit 11,5 g über 95%. Die Summe der Verunreinigungen im Iridium erreicht keine 5%.The subsequent iridium separation runs in similarly. The solubility of the corresponding However, dienium hexachloroiridate (III) is 70 mg / l too high for quantitative separation. Hence, come here the tetramethyl-diethylenetriamine is used. For 12 g Iridium is enough 10 g of the amine, which is analogous to hydrochloric acid is neutralized. The yield is 11.5 g 95%. The sum of the impurities in the iridium reached no 5%.

Das Platin läßt sich aus der verbleibenden heißen Lösung nach Oxidation mit Wasserstoffperoxid durch Dimethylpiperazin quantitativ niederschlagen.The platinum can be removed from the remaining hot solution after oxidation with hydrogen peroxide Precipitate dimethylpiperazine quantitatively.

Den 94 g Platin entsprechen 70 g an Dimethylpiperazin, das vorher entsprechend mit Salzsäure neutralisiert wurde. Auch die Reagenzzugabe erfolgt in genau abgemessenen äquimolaren Mengen. Die Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit können beim Platin geringer veranschlagt werden als beim Rhodium und Iridium.The 94 g of platinum correspond to 70 g of dimethylpiperazine, the was previously neutralized with hydrochloric acid. Also the reagent is added in precisely measured equimolar Amounts. The requirements for accuracy can  Platinum are estimated to be lower than for rhodium and Iridium.

Das Palladium schließlich, das in der heißen Lösung zweiwertig vorliegt, kann mit Ammoniak bis pH = 9 neutralisiert, von Suspension durch Filtration befreit werden und mit Salzsäure wieder angesäuert werden, wobei das gelbe Diammindichloropalladium(II) ausfällt. Eventuell auftretende Piperazin-Überschüsse aus der vorhergehenden Platinabtrennung führen zu stabilen Piperazindichloropolladium(II)-Komplexen. Die leuchtend gelbe Farbe gibt schon hinreichend Auskunft über einen geglückten Trennungsgang. Das Palladium fällt mit 97%iger Ausbeute an und besitzt eine Reinheit von über 99%.The palladium, finally, that in the hot solution is divalent, with ammonia up to pH = 9 neutralized, freed from suspension by filtration be and acidified again with hydrochloric acid, whereby the yellow diammine dichloropalladium (II) fails. Perhaps occurring piperazine excesses from the previous one Platinum separation lead to stable Piperazine dichloropolladium (II) complexes. The shining yellow color provides sufficient information about you successful separation. The palladium falls with 97% Yield and has a purity of over 99%.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Eine salzsaure heiße Lösung mit 76 g Rhodium, 27 g Iridium, 16 g Platin und 9 g Palladium je Liter werden in der Art, wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben, nacheinander mit 76 g/l Diethylentriamin, mit 22,33 g/l Dimethyldiethylentriamin, mit 12,2 g/l Dimethypiperazin und schließlich mit einem Überschuß an Ammoniak-Lösung oder -Gas behandelt. Mit einem Überschuß an Salzsäure fällt aus der klaren Tetrammin-Lösung das gelbe Diammindichloropalladium(II) aus.A hydrochloric acid hot solution with 76 g rhodium, 27 g iridium, 16 g of platinum and 9 g of palladium per liter are as described in Example 1, successively with 76 g / l Diethylenetriamine, with 22.33 g / l dimethyldiethylenetriamine, with 12.2 g / l dimethypiperazine and finally with one Treated excess ammonia solution or gas. With a Excess hydrochloric acid falls from the clear Tetrammine solution the yellow diammine dichloropalladium (II) out.

Die Ausbeuten liegen jeweils über 99%. Die Reinheit des Rhodiums ist beim Fällen aus dieser relativ hohen Konzentration 99,9%. Iridium weist eine Reinheit von 99,5% auf, während Platin und Palladium wieder oberhalb von 99,9% liegen. The yields are in each case over 99%. The purity of the Rhodium is relatively high when felling from this Concentration 99.9%. Iridium has a purity of 99.5%, while platinum and palladium again above of 99.9%.  

Die Restmutterlauge enthält noch Edelmetalle im Bereich bis zu 20 mg/l sowie höhere Konzentrationen an Unedelmetallen. Vor der alkalischen Metallfällung werden die Edelmetallspuren mit Boranat abgetrennt.The residual mother liquor still contains precious metals in the range up to at 20 mg / l and higher concentrations of base metals. Before alkaline metal precipitation, the Traces of precious metals separated with boranate.

Die Abbildung zeigt schematisch den Trennungsgang des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform.The figure shows the separation path of the inventive method in an exemplary Embodiment.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zur Trennung der Platingruppenmetalle aus salzsaurer Lösung durch fraktionierte Fällung mit mehrbasischen Stickstoffverbindungen, wobei aus der oxidierten, 2- bis 6molar salzsauren Lösung der Platingruppenmetalle durch Zugabe eines Triamins zuerst das Rhodium abgetrennt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dann aus dem Filtrat nach einer Reduktion durch weitere Zugabe eines Triamins das Iridium gefällt, anschließend nach einer erneuten Oxidation durch Zugabe eines Diamins das Platin separiert und zum Schluß aus dem Restfiltrat das Palladium ausgefällt wird.1. A process for separating the platinum group metals from hydrochloric acid solution by fractional precipitation with polybasic nitrogen compounds, the rhodium being separated from the oxidized 2- to 6molar hydrochloric acid solution of the platinum group metals by adding a triamine, characterized in that then from the filtrate after a Reduction by further addition of a triamine precipitates the iridium, then after a further oxidation by addition of a diamine the platinum is separated and finally the palladium is precipitated from the residual filtrate. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Abtrennung des Rhodiums Diethylentriamin, zur Abtrennung des Iridiums Tetramethyl-diethylentriamin und zur Abtrennung des Platins Dimethylpiperazin verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that to separate the rhodium diethylenetriamine, for Separation of the iridium tetramethyl-diethylenetriamine and to separate the platinum dimethylpiperazine is used.
DE19746134A 1997-10-18 1997-10-18 Sequential recovery of platinum group metals from solution Expired - Fee Related DE19746134C1 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003093515A1 (en) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-13 Anglo Platinum Limited Separation of platinum group metals
GB2406852A (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-13 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co A process for the mutual separation of platinum group metals
CN107406908A (en) * 2015-03-05 2017-11-28 贺利氏德国有限责任两合公司 The method for producing elemental rhodium
CN114277258A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-05 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for separating rhodium and iridium in solution

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2247888A (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-18 Johnson Matthey Plc Rhodium precipitation using polyamines
DE4443228A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Matthey Rustenburg Refines Refining improvements

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2247888A (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-18 Johnson Matthey Plc Rhodium precipitation using polyamines
DE4443228A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Matthey Rustenburg Refines Refining improvements

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003093515A1 (en) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-13 Anglo Platinum Limited Separation of platinum group metals
US7354517B2 (en) 2002-05-02 2008-04-08 Anglo Platinum Limited Separation of platinum group metals
US8062526B2 (en) 2002-05-02 2011-11-22 Anglo Platinum Limited Separation of platinum group metals
GB2406852A (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-13 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co A process for the mutual separation of platinum group metals
US7291202B2 (en) 2003-09-26 2007-11-06 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Process for mutual separation of platinum group metals
GB2406852B (en) * 2003-09-26 2008-05-28 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Process for mutal separation of platinum group metals
CN107406908A (en) * 2015-03-05 2017-11-28 贺利氏德国有限责任两合公司 The method for producing elemental rhodium
CN107406908B (en) * 2015-03-05 2019-12-10 贺利氏德国有限责任两合公司 Method for producing elemental rhodium
CN114277258A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-05 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for separating rhodium and iridium in solution
CN114277258B (en) * 2021-12-29 2023-03-31 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for separating rhodium and iridium in solution

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Owner name: OMG AG & CO. KG, 63457 HANAU, DE

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Effective date: 20110502