DE19625105A1 - Comminutor-agglomerator processing variety of waste materials e.g. vehicle shreddings - Google Patents

Comminutor-agglomerator processing variety of waste materials e.g. vehicle shreddings

Info

Publication number
DE19625105A1
DE19625105A1 DE1996125105 DE19625105A DE19625105A1 DE 19625105 A1 DE19625105 A1 DE 19625105A1 DE 1996125105 DE1996125105 DE 1996125105 DE 19625105 A DE19625105 A DE 19625105A DE 19625105 A1 DE19625105 A1 DE 19625105A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rubber
agglomerator
plastics
glass
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1996125105
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ralf Schaefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1996100482 external-priority patent/DE19600482A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE1996125105 priority Critical patent/DE19625105A1/en
Priority to DE59605070T priority patent/DE59605070D1/en
Priority to AU76226/96A priority patent/AU7622696A/en
Priority to ES96939006T priority patent/ES2147940T3/en
Priority to EP19960939006 priority patent/EP0859693B1/en
Priority to AT96939006T priority patent/ATE192061T1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1996/004927 priority patent/WO1997018071A1/en
Publication of DE19625105A1 publication Critical patent/DE19625105A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B2009/068—Specific treatment of shredder light fraction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/048—Cutter-compactors, e.g. of the EREMA type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2709/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/732—Floor coverings
    • B29L2031/7322—Carpets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The method processes components from mixed plastics, together with structural materials e.g. metal particles, glass, rubber, wood and fibrous materials. The components are size-reduced by impact, in an agglomerator. Plastic, metal, glass and rubber fractions are separated from each other, or the plastic is processed to a mass or granules. Also claimed is a plant for the process, comprising a cylindrical casing (9, 10) with top loading section (23). The rotary cutter (17) has impactors or hammers (24, 25, 26) opposite the circumferential edge of a stator cutter (16) and driven by a geared motor. Also claimed is use of the plant and process to recycle light shredded fractions, consisting of scrapped vehicles with rubber, metal, textile and rubber components.

Description

In dem Hauptpatent ist ein Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von Bauteilen aus Mischkunststoffen und damit vermischten anderen Baustoffen, wie Metallteilen, Glas, Gummi, Holz, Faserstoffen und dgl. beschrieben, wobei die Bauteile in einem Agglomerator durch eine Prallbeanspruchung zerklei­ nert und die Kunststoff-, Metall-, Glas- und Gummiteile voneinander getrennt werden, oder die Kunststoffe zu Gra­ nulat oder als Masse im plastischen Zustand verarbeitet werden. Es hat sich nunmehr gezeigt, daß das in der Haupt­ patentschrift beschriebene Verfahren auch in der Papier­ industrie seine Anwendung finden kann, insbesondere bei der Altpapierverwertung, wo sogenannte Spuckstoffe anfal­ len. Die Spuckstoffe bestehen im wesentlichen aus folien­ artigen Kunststoffen, textilen Bestandteilen und in gerin­ gem Umfang Metallteilen. Das Material kann direkt in die Maschine eingegeben oder auch durch eine z. B. Walzenquet­ sche vorentwässert werden. Der Prozeß bewirkt, daß die Kunststoffteile plastifizieren und sich hierbei von zel­ lulosen Stoffen und Metallen lösen.In the main patent is a process for processing Components made of mixed plastics and mixed with them other building materials, such as metal parts, glass, rubber, wood, Fibers and the like. Described, the components in crushing an agglomerator by impact nert and the plastic, metal, glass and rubber parts be separated from each other, or the plastics to Gra processed nulat or as a mass in the plastic state will. It has now been shown that this is in the main The process described in the patent also applies to paper industry can find its application, especially at waste paper recycling, where so-called rejects started to occur len. The rejects consist essentially of foils like plastics, textile components and in gerin according to the scope of metal parts. The material can go directly into the Machine entered or by a z. B. Roll squeeze be pre-dewatered. The process causes the Plasticize plastic parts and thereby from zel loosen loose substances and metals.

Gemäß der Zusatzerfindung kann das Output-Material wie folgt getrennt werden:According to the additional invention, the output material can be like be separated as follows:

  • 1. Zellulose Stoffe für die Papierherstellung1. Cellulose materials for paper production
  • 2. Kunststoffagglomerat für die energetische Verwertung oder zur Herstellung von Formteilen2. Plastic agglomerate for energy recovery or for the production of molded parts
  • 3. Metalle, welche der Altmetallverwertung zugeführt wer­ den können.3. Metals which are used for the recycling of waste metal that can.

Eine weitere Variante wäre, das Gesamtmaterial, also die Spuckstoffe, als pastöse Masse aus der Maschine auszuwer­ fen und dann direkt einem chemischen Prozeß zuzuführen oder Formteile herzustellen. Another variant would be the overall material, i.e. the Reject rejects from the machine as a pasty mass and then directly to a chemical process or manufacture molded parts.  

Eine weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeit ist die Aufarbeitung von Klärschlämmen, entweder vorgetrocknet oder nicht vor­ getrocknet. Die Klärschlämme können ggfs. mit Shredder­ leichtfraktion oder Kunststoffen allgemein vermischt wer­ den oder für sich allein verarbeitet werden, je nach Kunststoffgehalt der Klärschlämme. Die Klärschlämme können nach der Verarbeitung materialmäßig getrennt werden, wie auch die Spuckstoffe oder die Shredderleichtfraktion und dann entsprechenden Weiterverwertungen zugeführt werden.Another application is processing of sewage sludge, either pre-dried or not pre-dried dried. If necessary, the sewage sludge can be shredded light fraction or plastics mixed in general which are processed on their own, depending on Plastic content of the sewage sludge. The sewage sludge can materially separated after processing, such as also the rejects or the shredder light fraction and then appropriate further uses are supplied.

Vorteilhaft lassen sich auch Teppichbodenabfälle verarbei­ ten. Die Teppichböden werden ggfs. vorzerkleinert auf Größen von ca. DIN A3 oder kleiner und dann in die Ma­ schine eingefahren. Dort können sie zu Agglomerat verar­ beitet werden, wobei sich bei dem Prozeß, wie bei allen Verarbeitungsmaterialien, die Metalle und Steine, etc. von den Kunststoffen trennen und lose in der Output-Schüttung vorhanden sind, wo sie dann durch bekannte Separations­ techniken entfernt werden können, oder das Teppichbodenma­ terial wird als pastöse Masse, in verschiedenen Viskositä­ ten möglich, ausgeworfen und dann weiteren Verwertungen, wie z. B. Verpressung zu Formteilen, Schneckenförderung in Formteile oder chemischen Verwertungstechniken zugeführt.Carpet waste can also be processed advantageously The carpets may be pre-shredded Sizes of approx. DIN A3 or smaller and then in the size apparently retracted. There they can be processed into agglomerate be processed, with the process, as with all Processing materials, the metals and stones, etc. from separate the plastics and loose in the output bed are present, where they are then known separations techniques can be removed, or the carpeting material is a pasty mass, in different viscosities possible, ejected and then further uses, such as B. pressing into molded parts, screw conveying in Molded parts or chemical recycling techniques supplied.

Durch die Maschinensteuerung bzw. deren Meßdatenerfassung als auch deren Mechanik können PVC-Abfälle oder ähnlich temperaturkritische Materalien zu den vorstehend genannten Auswurfproduktvarianten verarbeitet werden.Through the machine control or its measurement data acquisition as well as their mechanics can PVC waste or the like temperature-critical materials to the above Ejection product variants are processed.

Vorteilhaft läßt sich als Antriebsmotor ein Dieselmotor vorsehen, woraus sich die Vorteile ergeben, daß bei einer Betriebsmöglichkeit, unabhängig von der kundenseitigen Stromnetzsituation, zu einer günstigeren Energieumsetzung führt, da die Generatorverluste und elektrischen Leitungs­ längenverluste wegfallen und eine Nutzung der Verlustwär­ meenergie des Motors vorteilhaft über Wärmetauscher zur Vortrocknung des Inputmaterials genutzt werden kann.A diesel engine can advantageously be used as the drive motor provide what are the advantages of having a Operating possibility, regardless of the customer Power grid situation, for a cheaper energy conversion leads because of the generator losses and electrical conduction  Length losses no longer apply and the waste heat is used meergy of the engine advantageous via heat exchangers Predrying of the input material can be used.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß die Grundplatte an einem Innenring gehaltert im Abstand zum Rotor höhenverstellbar ist.Another advantageous embodiment provides that the base plate on an inner ring held at a distance is adjustable in height to the rotor.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, daß der Abstand der Eckpunk­ te an der Außenkante des Rotoraußenmessers zum zylindri­ schen Innenraummantel gleich ist.It is also advantageous that the distance of the corner point te on the outer edge of the rotor outer knife to the cylindri the inner jacket is the same.

Daraus ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Charge besser auf das Verfahren und das Material eingestellt werden kann und weiterhin beim Auswurf des Materials sich die Maschine besser entleeren läßt. Weiterhin lassen sich auch die Messerstandzeiten verlängern und dadurch die Verschleißko­ sten senken.This has the advantage that the batch is better the process and the material can be discontinued and the machine continues to eject the material can be emptied better. Furthermore, the Extend knife service life and thereby wear lower.

Die Erfindung wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung an­ hand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbei­ spielen näher erläutert.The invention is set forth in the description below hand of execution shown in the drawings play explained in more detail.

Es zeigen,Show it,

Fig. 1 eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Aufriß, teilweise geschnit­ ten, Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention in elevation, partially geschnit th,

Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Rotoraufnahme mit einem befestigten Rotor und Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the rotor holder with a fixed rotor and

Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf einen Teil des Rotor­ messers, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the rotor diameter of a portion,

Fig. 4 den Verschleißmantel des zylindrischen In­ nenraummantels in der Draufsicht, Fig. 4 shows the wear of the cylindrical mantle In nenraummantels in plan view,

Fig. 5 ein Verschleißblechsegment des zylindri­ schen Innenraummantels in der Seitenansicht zusammen mit einem Bodenverschleißsegment und Fig. 5 is a wear plate segment of the cylindri's interior jacket in side view together with a floor wear segment and

Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf die Agglomeratorgrund­ platte. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the agglomerator base plate.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung zeigt einen An­ triebsmotor 2 auf einer Grundplatte 1 mit anschließender Kupplung 3 und Winkelgetriebe 4. Auf der Antriebswelle 21 des Getriebes 4 sitzt eine Rotoraufnahme 19 zur Befesti­ gung eines Rotors 17, der oberhalb einer Agglomerator­ grundplatte 6 mit Verschleißblechen 7 rotiert. Die Grund­ platte 6 ist auf einem unteren Gehäusering 5 montiert. Der zylindrische Innenraummantel 9 ist mit Verschleißblechen 18 verkleidet und es schließt sich daran ein weiterer zylindrischer Innenmantel 10 an. An dem Innenraummantel 9, dem Rotormesser 17 gegenüberliegend, befinden sich die Statormesser 16. Im Randbereich des Rotationsmessers 17 bildet sich ein Kuchen 40, der dann entsprechend bearbei­ tet bzw. verarbeitet werden kann.The device shown in Fig. 1 shows a drive motor 2 on a base plate 1 with subsequent coupling 3 and angular gear 4th On the drive shaft 21 of the transmission 4 is a rotor seat 19 for fastening supply of a rotor 17 which rotates above an agglomerator base plate 6 with wear plates 7 . The base plate 6 is mounted on a lower housing ring 5 . The cylindrical inner jacket 9 is covered with wear plates 18 and is followed by a further cylindrical inner jacket 10 . The stator knives 16 are located on the inner casing 9 , opposite the rotor knife 17 . In the edge region of the rotary knife 17 , a cake 40 is formed , which can then be machined or processed accordingly.

An Stelle des Antriebsmotors 2 kann ein Dieselmotor-Di­ rektantrieb vorgesehen sein, wobei der Dieselmotor eine entsprechende Analogausgangsinformation für die Steuerung aufweist, die die Stromaufnahme beim Elektromotor ersetzt. Des weiteren läßt sich die Verlustwärmeenergie des Diesel­ motors über Wärmetauscher zur Vortrocknung des Inputmate­ rials nutzen. Dadurch ist auch die Voraussetzung in Deutschland geschaffen, steuerfreien Kraftstoff für den Dieselmotor zu benutzen (Heizöl).Instead of the drive motor 2 , a diesel engine direct drive can be provided, the diesel engine having a corresponding analog output information for the control, which replaces the current consumption in the electric motor. Furthermore, the heat loss energy of the diesel engine can be used via heat exchangers to pre-dry the input material. This also creates the prerequisite in Germany for using tax-free fuel for the diesel engine (heating oil).

Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, lassen sich zur Abstandsver­ änderung zwischen Rotor 17 und Agglomeratorgrundplatte 6 verschiedene Möglichkeiten anwenden. Die Grundplatte 6 reicht im Durchmesser bis zum Außendurchmesser der Rotor­ aufnahme 19 und schließt an einen Innenring 44 an, der mit einem weiteren Ring 45 in die Rotoraufnahme 19 eingreift. Dieser Ring 45 ist als Labyrinthdichtung zu werten, wobei auch mehrere solcher Abdichtungen an der Wellendurch­ trittsöffnung 48 angeordnet sein können. Es können ein oder mehrere Ringe als Labyrinthabdichtung zur Abdichtung am Rotorwellendurchgangsloch vorgesehen sein. Durch axia­ les Verschieben der Grundplatte 6 läßt sich somit der Abstand 34 für die Rotorhöhe auch während des Betriebes durchführen. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Rotor­ welle auf und ab zu bewegen. Damit läßt sich auch die Ma­ schine während der Charge besser auf das Verfahren und das Material einstellen und weiterhin kann sich die Maschine beim Auswurf des Materials besser entleeren.As shown in FIG. 2, 6 different options can be used to change the distance between the rotor 17 and the agglomerator base plate. The base plate 6 extends in diameter up to the outer diameter of the rotor receptacle 19 and adjoins an inner ring 44 which engages with another ring 45 in the rotor receptacle 19 . This ring 45 is to be evaluated as a labyrinth seal, and several such seals can also be arranged on the shaft passage opening 48 . One or more rings can be provided as a labyrinth seal for sealing at the rotor shaft through hole. By axia les displacement of the base plate 6 , the distance 34 for the rotor height can thus be carried out even during operation. It is also possible to move the rotor shaft up and down. This means that the machine can be better adjusted to the process and the material during the batch and the machine can also be emptied better when the material is ejected.

Es läßt sich auch die Welle 21 insbesondere während des Betriebes heben und absenken.The shaft 21 can also be raised and lowered, in particular during operation.

Dazu ist es auch vorteilhaft, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, das Rotoraußenmesser 24 im Bereich seiner Außenkante 43 derart zu verändern, daß an den Eckpunkten 42 jeweils der gleiche Abstand 41 zum Innenraummantel 9 gegeben ist. Auch ist es von Vorteil, die Statormesser 16 in Form und Größe zu verändern oder diese ganz wegzulassen und damit eine Standzeiterhöhung der Messer und geringere Verschleißko­ sten zu erzielen. For this purpose, it is also advantageous, as shown in FIG. 3, to change the outer rotor knife 24 in the region of its outer edge 43 such that the same distance 41 to the inner jacket 9 is given at the corner points 42 . It is also advantageous to change the shape and size of the stator knives 16 or to omit them entirely and thus to increase the service life of the knives and reduce the wear costs.

Zur Anpassung an die verschiedenen Gegebenheiten kann es auch sinnvoll sein, die Verschleißinnenmäntel 18 (in Seg­ menten geteilt) des Mantels 9 an einem Drehpunkt lagernd und am anderen Ende nach innen verstellbar zu gestalten (hydraulisch, motorisch u. dgl.), um so verschiedene Ab­ standsphasen zwischen Rotor 17 und Außenmantel 9 während des Betriebes zu erhalten.To adapt to the different circumstances, it can also be useful to design the wear inner sleeves 18 (divided into segments) of the sleeve 9 at one pivot point and at the other end to be adjustable inward (hydraulic, motorized, and the like), in order to make them different From stand phases between rotor 17 and outer casing 9 to get during operation.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt die Aufteilung des Verschleißblechmantels 18 in einzelne Verschleißsegmente 47, wobei wenigstens drei solcher Elemente zur Bildung des Mantels vorgesehen sein sollen, um die Montage und Demontage besser durch­ führen zu können. FIG. 4 shows the division of the wear plate casing 18 into individual wear segments 47 , at least three such elements being provided to form the casing in order to be able to carry out the assembly and disassembly better.

Wie Fig. 5 zeigt, sind die Bleche 47 so konstruiert, daß man sie um 180° drehen kann und somit das Blech doppelt ausnutzen kann, mit dem Vorteil geringerer Verschleißko­ sten und schnelleres Wechseln der Bleche. Mit dem Bezugs­ zeichen 46 ist der ungefähre Verschleißbereich gekenn­ zeichnet.As Fig. 5 shows, the panels are designed so 47 that they can rotate through 180 ° and can therefore exploit the plate twice, most with the advantage of lower Verschleißko and faster exchange of the plates. The approximate wear range is marked with the reference symbol 46 .

Die Fig. 6 zeigt im wesentlichen den Agglomeratorboden mit einer Wellendurchtrittsöffnung 48, den sich anschließenden Innenring 44 und die Verschleißbleche 7, die in einzelne Verschleißblechsegmente 49 unterteilt sind. Diese Segmente 49 befinden sich in der Nähe der Behälterzylinderinnenwand 9 und sind von unten durch die Bodenplatte verschraubt, wobei in den Verschleißblechsegmenten 49 Gewinde vorgese­ hen sind. Damit ist ein einfaches und schnelles Wechseln der Verschleißbleche 49 gewährleistet. Der Materialaufwand und die Kosten sind gering, da nur im Verschleißbereich gewechselt wird. Hierbei ist die Anzahl der Segmente 49 unwesentlich, jedoch sind mindestens drei Segmente wegen der Demontierbarkeit und Montierbarkeit erforderlich. Fig. 6 shows essentially the Agglomeratorboden with a shaft passage opening 48, the adjoining inner ring 44 and the wear plates 7, which are divided into individual segments wear plate 49th These segments 49 are located in the vicinity of the inner wall 9 of the container cylinder and are screwed from below through the base plate, 49 threads being provided in the wear plate segments. This ensures that the wear plates 49 can be changed quickly and easily. The cost of materials and the costs are low, as only the wear area is changed. The number of segments 49 is not important here, but at least three segments are required because of the fact that they can be removed and assembled.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von Bauteilen aus Misch­ kunststoffen und damit vermischten anderen Baustof­ fen, wie Metallteilen, Glas, Gummi, Holz, Faserstof­ fen und dgl., wobei die Bauteile in einem Agglomera­ tor durch eine Prallbeanspruchung zerkleinert und die Kunststoff-, Metall-, Glas- und Gummiteile voneinan­ der getrennt werden, oder die Kunststoffe zu Granulat oder als Masse im plastischen Zustand verarbeitet werden, nach Patent (Patentanmeldung 196 00 482.9-16), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Altpapier enthaltenen Spuckstoffe, im wesentlichen bestehend aus folienartigen Kunststoffen, textilen Bestandteilen und Metallen bei der Altpapierverwer­ tung agglomeriert, plastifiziert und separiert wer­ den.1. Process for processing components made of mixed plastics and other building materials mixed with them, such as metal parts, glass, rubber, wood, fibrous materials and the like. The components are crushed in an agglomerator by an impact load and the plastic, metal , Glass and rubber parts are separated from one another, or the plastics are processed into granules or as a mass in the plastic state, according to a patent (patent application 196 00 482.9-16), characterized in that the rejects contained in the waste paper, essentially consisting of film-like Plastics, textile components and metals are agglomerated, plasticized and separated in the recycling of waste paper. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material vor der Verarbeitung im Agglomerator vorentwässert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the material before processing in the agglomerator is dewatered. 3. Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Bauteilen aus Misch­ kunststoffen und damit vermischten anderen Baustof­ fen, wie Metallteilen, Glas, Gummi, Holz, Faserstof­ fen und dgl., wobei die Bauteile in einem Agglomera­ tor durch eine Prallbeanspruchung zerkleinert und die Kunststoff-, Metall-, Glas- und Gummiteile voneinan­ der getrennt werden, oder die Kunststoffe zu Granulat oder als Masse im plastischen Zustand verarbeitet werden nach Patent (Patentanmeldung 196 00 482.9-16), wobei ein zylindrischer Mantel mit aufge­ setztem Beschickungsteil vorgesehen ist, in dem ein Rotormesser mit Prallelementen mit dem Umfangsrand mehreren Statormessern gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, das von einem Antriebsmotor mit Getriebe ange­ trieben ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als An­ triebsmotor (2) ein Dieselmotor vorgesehen ist.3. Apparatus for processing components made of mixed plastics and other building materials mixed with them, such as metal parts, glass, rubber, wood, fiber materials and the like, the components being crushed in an agglomerator by an impact load and the plastic, metal , Glass and rubber parts are separated from each other, or the plastics are processed into granules or as a mass in the plastic state according to the patent (patent application 196 00 482.9-16), a cylindrical jacket with an attached loading part being provided, in which a rotor knife is provided Baffle elements are arranged opposite one another with the peripheral edge, which is driven by a drive motor with a gear, characterized in that a drive motor ( 2 ) is provided as a diesel engine. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verlustwärme des Motors (2) über Wärmetau­ scher zur Vertrocknung des Materials nutzbar ist.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat loss of the motor ( 2 ) shear via Wärmetau for drying the material can be used. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundplatte (6)) an einem Innenring (44) gehaltert im Abstand (34) zum Rotor (17) höhenverstellbar ist.5. Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the base plate ( 6 )) on an inner ring ( 44 ) held at a distance ( 34 ) to the rotor ( 17 ) is adjustable in height. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (41) der Eckpunkte (42) an der Außenkante (43) des Rotoraußenmessers (24) zum zylindrischen Innenraummantel (9) gleich ist.6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the distance ( 41 ) of the corner points ( 42 ) on the outer edge ( 43 ) of the rotor outer knife ( 24 ) to the cylindrical inner casing ( 9 ) is the same.
DE1996125105 1995-11-11 1996-06-24 Comminutor-agglomerator processing variety of waste materials e.g. vehicle shreddings Withdrawn DE19625105A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996125105 DE19625105A1 (en) 1996-01-09 1996-06-24 Comminutor-agglomerator processing variety of waste materials e.g. vehicle shreddings
DE59605070T DE59605070D1 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROCESSING COMPONENTS FROM MIXED PLASTICS AND MIXING OF OTHER BUILDING MATERIALS AND THEIR USE THEREOF
AU76226/96A AU7622696A (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Process and device for the processing of components from mixed materials and other building materials mixed therewith and the use thereof
ES96939006T ES2147940T3 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 PROCEDURE FOR PROCESSING CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OF MIXED SYNTHETIC MATERIALS AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS MIXED WITH THEM, AND DEVICE TO CARRY OUT THE PROCEDURE.
EP19960939006 EP0859693B1 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Process and device for the processing of building components from mixed plastics materials and other building materials mixed therewith and the use thereof
AT96939006T ATE192061T1 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROCESSING COMPONENTS MADE OF MIXED PLASTIC MATERIALS AND OTHER BUILDING MATERIALS MIXED THEREWITH AND THEIR APPLICATION
PCT/EP1996/004927 WO1997018071A1 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Process and device for the processing of components from mixed materials and other building materials mixed therewith and the use thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996100482 DE19600482A1 (en) 1995-11-11 1996-01-09 Recycling process for mixed plastics including other materials
DE1996125105 DE19625105A1 (en) 1996-01-09 1996-06-24 Comminutor-agglomerator processing variety of waste materials e.g. vehicle shreddings

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011095295A3 (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-12-29 Uhde Gmbh Device and method for producing a fine-grained fuel by drying and impact crushing
DE102017102281A1 (en) 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 Schäfer Elektrotechnik U. Sondermaschinen Gmbh baffle reactor
CN111957423A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-11-20 徐陈花 High-efficient type agricultural and sideline products crushing apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011095295A3 (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-12-29 Uhde Gmbh Device and method for producing a fine-grained fuel by drying and impact crushing
DE102017102281A1 (en) 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 Schäfer Elektrotechnik U. Sondermaschinen Gmbh baffle reactor
CN111957423A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-11-20 徐陈花 High-efficient type agricultural and sideline products crushing apparatus

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