EP2062645B1 - Grinding device - Google Patents

Grinding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2062645B1
EP2062645B1 EP08400049.6A EP08400049A EP2062645B1 EP 2062645 B1 EP2062645 B1 EP 2062645B1 EP 08400049 A EP08400049 A EP 08400049A EP 2062645 B1 EP2062645 B1 EP 2062645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
peripheral wall
screen
comminuted
impact tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP08400049.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2062645A1 (en
Inventor
Mirko Winter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anlagenbau Umwelt and Technik Chemnitz GmbH
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Anlagenbau Umwelt and Technik Chemnitz GmbH
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Application filed by Anlagenbau Umwelt and Technik Chemnitz GmbH filed Critical Anlagenbau Umwelt and Technik Chemnitz GmbH
Priority to PL08400049T priority Critical patent/PL2062645T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B02C2013/2816—Shape or construction of beater elements of chain, rope or cable type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crushing device with the features specified in the introductory part of claim 1.
  • a crushing device is known from 102 39 820 A1 already known.
  • the object is achieved by a comminution device according to claim 1.
  • the container of the device according to the invention is not required to be sealed off from the environment, material can be continuously fed to the container of the device, resulting in a continuous supply of objects to be shredded as well as a continuous discharge of crushed material according to the invention can be realized.
  • the size or fineness of the discharged, comminuted material can be determined by the structure of the sieve-like part.
  • the sieve is provided in the peripheral wall in the lower region of the container in which the at least one impact tool rotates.
  • the shredded by the at least one impact tool material can be thrown directly to the screen, the shredded material whose diameter is smaller than the openings of the screen can be discharged directly through the sieve from the container to the outside.
  • a sieve is provided circumferentially in the peripheral wall of the container.
  • particularly much shredded material that is thrown by the at least one impact tool to the peripheral wall of the container are discharged through the circumferentially provided screen to the outside.
  • substantially the entire surface of the bottom is formed as a sieve.
  • crushed millbase of a certain particle size can be discharged via the bottom of the container on which the millbase falls.
  • the sieve-like-formed part of the peripheral wall has a multiplicity of round, oval, rectangular and / or square openings.
  • the shape of the openings can be adapted to the desired properties of the material to be shredded, but is basically variable.
  • the openings have a cross-section of about 75 mm 2 to about 2,000 mm 2 .
  • crushed material whose grain size or fiber diameter is smaller than the cross section of the openings, be discharged. Due to the small grain size or Feinfasrtechnik the discharged comminuted material, this is particularly easy to process or recoverable.
  • crushed material can be discharged from the device according to the invention, which is particularly good combustibility, so that the combustion can be almost residue-free.
  • the pick-up head at one of the bottom of the container introduced drive shaft is provided, which is connected to a drive motor.
  • the recording head on the drive shaft driven by the drive motor rotate the at least one impact tool and thus advantageously grind the objects to be crushed.
  • the drive shaft is preferably coupled to a V-belt coupled to a drive motor provided laterally of the container. Via the V-belt, the drive shaft and thus the receiving head can be set in a rotational movement, so that the at least one impact tool provided thereon can rotate within the container and grind the material to be comminuted.
  • the at least one impact tool is flexible.
  • the at least one impact tool is rigid.
  • effective comminution of the material to be comminuted as a result of the rotational movement of the at least one striking tool in the lower region of the container can be achieved.
  • the device according to the invention is a comminuting device for substitute fuels with metal components still present. Due to the sieve-like design of the at least part of the peripheral wall and / or the bottom of the container of the comminuting device, a fine-fiber, comminuted material can be produced from the substitute fuels (EBS) to be comminuted. Due to the special shape of the comminution in the comminuting device according to the invention, the surface of the comminuted material can be frayed, as a result of which the comminuted material can burn particularly well in the following, the combustion taking place virtually without residue. This is a particular advantage over conventional refuse-derived refining devices, which essentially utilize cutting processes to crush the refuse-derived fuels, which subsequently burn with significant residuals.
  • FIG. 1 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a comminution device 1 according to the invention.
  • the comminution device 1 has a container 2 with a peripheral wall 3, a bottom 4 and a cover 19.
  • the container 2 is approximately cylindrical in the example shown, but may also have a different shape in other embodiments of the invention. Further, the container 2 is in FIG. 1 shown with only one peripheral wall 3, wherein in other embodiments of the present invention, the container 2 may also be provided double-walled or with a second jacket. Furthermore, the container 2 may be provided with a sound insulation.
  • a drive shaft 12 is inserted from below, at the top end of a recording head 5 is arranged in the form of a hub.
  • the pickup head 5 is located centrally in the container 2 in a lower region of the container 2.
  • At least one flexible impact tool in the form of one or more chains 6, which then, when the drive shaft 12 is rotated, in the lower region of the container 2 rotate.
  • FIG. 2 in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown schematically by the crushing device 1 'in FIG. 2 can be shown in place of the at least one flexible impact tool 6 in FIG. 1
  • a rigid impact tool for example in the form of one or more rods 7, which are connected to the receiving head 5, are used.
  • the drive shaft 12 is connected via a V-belt 14 with a side of the container 2 provided drive motor 3, which may be attached to an engine mount, for example.
  • the container 2 off FIG. 1 is provided with legs 15, through which the crushing device 1 can be placed on various documents.
  • a screen 8 is partially provided in the lower area of the container 2 in the circumferential wall 3, which is coupled to a discharge chute 11.
  • the screen 8 has in the example shown a plurality of round openings 16, through which comminuted material whose grain or fiber size is less than the cross section of the round openings 16, can be discharged from the container interior to the outside.
  • the crushing device 1 is constructed such that the container 2 can be fed continuously to be crushed Good, such as substitute fuels.
  • the objects to be crushed are largely crushed by the action of the at least one impact tool 6, 7 as well as by the proper movement and friction of the ground material and by the interaction of the material to be crushed with the container inner wall during spin-coating of the material to be comminuted by the at least one impact tool.
  • Fiber size of less than 0.2 mm can be achieved. During comminution, temperatures between 30 ° C and 90 ° C are reached inside the container.
  • the crushing device 1 can be discharged through the screen 8 continuously shredded material, the screen 8 and thus the container 2 are constantly open to the environment.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of a crushing device 1 'according to the invention, which, as described above, in comparison to the crushing device 1 from FIG. 1 another impact tool, namely at least one rigid impact tool 7, has.
  • another impact tool namely at least one rigid impact tool 7
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of a crushing device 1 'according to the invention, which, as described above, in comparison to the crushing device 1 from FIG. 1 another impact tool, namely at least one rigid impact tool 7, has.
  • the screen 9, in the embodiment shown, has a plurality of round openings 16, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the openings may also have another, such as an oval, rectangular and / or square cross-section.
  • the comminuting device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 “”'according to the invention is particularly suitable for the comminution of substitute fuels (EBS).
  • substitute fuels can be comminuted or comminuted to form fine-fiber materials. It has been found that the material comminuted according to the invention is significantly better combustible compared to conventional refuse-derived fuels which have been comminuted by cutting processes.
  • the inventive crushing device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 ""'enlargement and fuzzification of the surface of the crushed material which can be done without residue in the following, the combustion of the comminuted refuse derived fuel material.
  • a particularly high throughput according to the invention is achieved precisely by the fact that, contrary to what is stated in the document DE 43 00 784 C2 required principle, the container 2 of the crushing device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 "”'permanently open to the environment by in the peripheral wall 3 and / or the bottom 4 of the container 2 at least a part 8, 9, 10 is formed like a sieve and on the screen 8, 9, 10 permanent material is discharged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit den im einleitenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Eine solche Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ist aus der 102 39 820 A1 bereits bekannt.The present invention relates to a crushing device with the features specified in the introductory part of claim 1. Such a crushing device is known from 102 39 820 A1 already known.

Mit der bekannten Vorrichtung ist eine sehr effektive Zerkleinerung von Geräten möglich. Jedoch lässt sich eine kontinuierliche Arbeitsweise, gleichbleibend mit homogenem Output, in welcher dem Innenraum der bekannten Zerkleinerungseinrichtung fortlaufend zu zerkleinerndes Gut zugeführt und das zerkleinerte Mahlgut ausgetragen wird, mit der bekannten Vorrichtung nicht realisieren.With the known device, a very effective crushing of devices is possible. However, a continuous operation, consistent with homogeneous output, in which the interior of the known comminution continuously fed to comminuted Good and the comminuted material is discharged, can not be realized with the known device.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche eine effektive Zerkleinerung von Objekten ermöglicht und dennoch kontinuierlich betrieben werden kann.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a comminution device which enables effective comminution of objects and yet can be operated continuously.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a comminution device according to claim 1.

Da erfindungsgemäß ein Teil der Umfangswand des Behälters siebartig ausgebildet ist, wird das mit dem wenigstens einen Schlagwerkzeug zerkleinerte Mahlgut, welches unterhalb einer bestimmten Korngröße liegt, durch das Sieb und den damit verbundenen Austragsschacht vorteilhaft aus dem Behälter kontinuierlich ausgetragen und kann daraufhin geeignet gesammelt, weitertransportiert und/oder verarbeitet werden. Da darüber hinaus von dem Behälter der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gerade nicht gefordert ist, dass er gegenüber der Umgebung abgeschlossen sein muss, kann dem Behälter der Vorrichtung kontinuierlich zu zerkleinerndes Material zugeführt werden, sodass im Ergebnis eine kontinuierliche Zuführung von zu zerkleinernden Objekten als auch ein kontinuierlicher Austrag von zerkleinertem Material erfindungsgemäß realisierbar ist.Since according to the invention a part of the peripheral wall of the container is formed like a sieve, the comminuted with the at least one impact tool regrind, which is below a certain grain size, advantageously discharged through the sieve and the associated discharge chute from the container continuously and can then suitably collected, further transported and / or processed. In addition, since the container of the device according to the invention is not required to be sealed off from the environment, material can be continuously fed to the container of the device, resulting in a continuous supply of objects to be shredded as well as a continuous discharge of crushed material according to the invention can be realized.

Aufgrund der siebartigen Ausbildung des Teils der Umfangswand des Behälters, durch welchen zerkleinertes Material nach außen ausgetragen werden kann, bleibt solches Material, das noch nicht ausreichend genug zerkleinert wurde, in dem Behälter, während Material einer durch das Sieb passenden Größe durch das siebartige Teil der Umfangswand des Behälters aus dem Behälter ausgetragen werden kann. So kann durch die Struktur des siebartigen Teils die Größe bzw. Feinheit des ausgetragenen, zerkleinerten Materials bestimmt werden.Due to the sieve-like design of the part of the peripheral wall of the container, through which comminuted material can be discharged to the outside, such material, which has not been sufficiently crushed enough, remains in the container, while material of a size suitable through the sieve through the sieve-like part of Circumferential wall of the container can be discharged from the container. Thus, the size or fineness of the discharged, comminuted material can be determined by the structure of the sieve-like part.

Durch die siebartige Ausbildung des Teils der Umfangswand des Behälters kann zudem bei bestimmten zu zerkleinernden Materialien eine Auffaserung der Oberfläche realisiert werden, wodurch das zerkleinerte Material im Folgenden besser verarbeitbar bzw. verwertbar ist.Due to the sieve-like design of the part of the peripheral wall of the container, it is also possible for a certain amount of material to be comminuted to fibrillate the surface, as a result of which the comminuted material is subsequently better processable or utilizable.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Sieb in der Umfangswand in dem unteren Bereich des Behälters vorgesehen, in welchem das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug umläuft. Damit kann das durch das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug zerkleinerte Material direkt an das Sieb geworfen werden, wobei dasjenige zerkleinerte Material, dessen Durchmesser geringer als die Öffnungen des Siebes ist, direkt durch das Sieb aus dem Behälter nach außen ausgetragen werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the sieve is provided in the peripheral wall in the lower region of the container in which the at least one impact tool rotates. Thus, the shredded by the at least one impact tool material can be thrown directly to the screen, the shredded material whose diameter is smaller than the openings of the screen can be discharged directly through the sieve from the container to the outside.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Sieb umlaufend in der Umfangswand des Behälters vorgesehen. Hierdurch kann besonders viel zerkleinertes Material, das durch das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug an die Umfangswand des Behälters geworfen wird, durch das umlaufend vorgesehene Sieb nach außen ausgetragen werden. Um das so ausgetragene Mahlgut vorteilhaft sammeln zu können, kann beispielsweise ein zweiter Mantel um die Umfangswand des Behälters vorgesehen werden, welcher sich zumindest im Bereich des Siebes befindet.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sieve is provided circumferentially in the peripheral wall of the container. As a result, particularly much shredded material that is thrown by the at least one impact tool to the peripheral wall of the container, are discharged through the circumferentially provided screen to the outside. In order to be able to advantageously collect the grinding material thus discharged, it is possible, for example, to provide a second jacket around the peripheral wall of the container, which is located at least in the region of the screen.

Gemäß einer anderen, ebenfalls vorteilhaften Variante der vorliegenden Erfindung ist im Wesentlichen die gesamte Fläche des Bodens als ein Sieb ausgebildet. Damit kann zerkleinertes Mahlgut einer bestimmten Korngröße über den Boden des Behälters, auf welchen das Mahlgut fällt, ausgetragen werden.According to another, likewise advantageous variant of the present invention, substantially the entire surface of the bottom is formed as a sieve. Thus, crushed millbase of a certain particle size can be discharged via the bottom of the container on which the millbase falls.

Beispielsweise weist der siebartig ausgebildete Teil der Umfangswand eine Vielzahl runder, ovaler, rechteckiger und/oder quadratischer Öffnungen auf. Die Form der Öffnungen kann dabei an die gewünschten Eigenschaften des zu zerkleinernden Materials angepasst werden, ist aber grundsätzlich variabel.For example, the sieve-like-formed part of the peripheral wall has a multiplicity of round, oval, rectangular and / or square openings. The shape of the openings can be adapted to the desired properties of the material to be shredded, but is basically variable.

Günstigerweise weisen die Öffnungen einen Querschnitt von etwa 75 mm2 bis etwa 2.000 mm2 auf. Hierdurch kann zerkleinertes Material, dessen Korngröße bzw. Faserdurchmesser geringer als der Querschnitt der Öffnungen ist, ausgetragen werden. Durch die geringe Korngröße bzw. Feinfasrigkeit des ausgetragenen zerkleinerten Materials, ist dieses im Weiteren besonders gut verarbeitbar bzw. verwertbar. So kann beispielsweise bei der Zerkleinerung von Ersatzbrennstoffen ein feinfasriges, zerkleinertes Material aus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ausgetragen werden, welches besonders gut verbrennbar ist, sodass die Verbrennung nahezu rückstandsfrei erfolgen kann.Conveniently, the openings have a cross-section of about 75 mm 2 to about 2,000 mm 2 . As a result, crushed material whose grain size or fiber diameter is smaller than the cross section of the openings, be discharged. Due to the small grain size or Feinfasrigkeit the discharged comminuted material, this is particularly easy to process or recoverable. Thus, for example, in the comminution of substitute fuels a feinfasriges, crushed material can be discharged from the device according to the invention, which is particularly good combustibility, so that the combustion can be almost residue-free.

Es ist besonders von Vorteil, wenn der Aufnahmekopf an einer von unten in den Behälter eingeführten Antriebswelle vorgesehen ist, die mit einem Antriebsmotor verbunden ist. Somit kann der Aufnahmekopf über die von dem Antriebsmotor angetriebene Antriebswelle das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug rotieren und damit die zu zerkleinernden Objekte vorteilhaft zermahlen.It is particularly advantageous if the pick-up head at one of the bottom of the container introduced drive shaft is provided, which is connected to a drive motor. Thus, the recording head on the drive shaft driven by the drive motor rotate the at least one impact tool and thus advantageously grind the objects to be crushed.

Die Antriebswelle ist vorzugsweise mit einem Keilriemen gekoppelt, der mit einem seitlich des Behälters vorgesehenen Antriebsmotor gekoppelt ist. Über den Keilriemen kann die Antriebswelle und damit der Aufnahmekopf in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden, sodass das wenigstens eine daran vorgesehene Schlagwerkzeug innerhalb des Behälters rotieren und das zu zerkleinernde Gut zermahlen kann.The drive shaft is preferably coupled to a V-belt coupled to a drive motor provided laterally of the container. Via the V-belt, the drive shaft and thus the receiving head can be set in a rotational movement, so that the at least one impact tool provided thereon can rotate within the container and grind the material to be comminuted.

In einem Beispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug flexibel ausgebildet. So ist es möglich, als Schlagwerkzeug eine oder mehrere Ketten zu verwenden, das bzw. die innerhalb des Behälters die zu zerkleinernden Objekte sowohl durch die Wirkung des wenigstens einen flexiblen Schlagwerkzeugs als auch durch die Eigenbewegung und Reibung der zu zerkleinernden Objekte untereinander zermahlen.In one example of the present invention, the at least one impact tool is flexible. Thus, it is possible to use as impact tool one or more chains that grind within the container or the objects to be crushed both by the action of the at least one flexible impact tool and by the proper movement and friction of the objects to be crushed each other.

In einer anderen, ebenfalls empfehlenswerten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug starr ausgebildet. Auch hiermit lässt sich eine effektive Zerkleinerung des zu zerkleinernden Gutes in Folge der Rotationsbewegung des wenigstens einen Schlagwerkzeuges im unteren Bereich des Behälters erzielen.In another, likewise recommendable embodiment of the present invention, the at least one impact tool is rigid. Hereby, effective comminution of the material to be comminuted as a result of the rotational movement of the at least one striking tool in the lower region of the container can be achieved.

In einem besonders vorteilhaften Beispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Ersatzbrennstoffe mit noch enthaltenen Metallanteilen. Durch die siebartige Ausbildung des wenigstens einen Teils der Umfangswand und/oder des Bodens des Behälters der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung kann aus den zu zerkleinernden Ersatzbrennstoffen (EBS) ein feinfasriges, zerkleinertes Material erzeugt werden. Durch die spezielle Form der Zerkleinerung in der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung kann die Oberfläche des zerkleinerten Materials aufgefasert werden, wodurch das zerkleinerte Material im Folgenden besonders gut verbrennen kann, wobei die Verbrennung nahezu rückstandsfrei erfolgt. Dies ist ein besonderer Vorteil gegenüber herkömmlichen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen für Ersatzbrennstoffe, welche im Wesentlichen Schneideprozesse nutzen, um die Ersatzbrennstoffe zu zerkleinern, welche im Folgenden mit erheblichen Rückständen verbrennen.In a particularly advantageous example of the present invention, the device according to the invention is a comminuting device for substitute fuels with metal components still present. Due to the sieve-like design of the at least part of the peripheral wall and / or the bottom of the container of the comminuting device, a fine-fiber, comminuted material can be produced from the substitute fuels (EBS) to be comminuted. Due to the special shape of the comminution in the comminuting device according to the invention, the surface of the comminuted material can be frayed, as a result of which the comminuted material can burn particularly well in the following, the combustion taking place virtually without residue. This is a particular advantage over conventional refuse-derived refining devices, which essentially utilize cutting processes to crush the refuse-derived fuels, which subsequently burn with significant residuals.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung näher erläutert, wobei

Figur 1
schematisch eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem partiell in der Umfangswand des Behälters vorgesehenen Sieb und einem flexiblen Schlagwerkzeug zeigt;
Figur 2
schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem partiell in der Umfangswand des Behälters vorgesehenen Sieb und einem starren Schlagwerkzeug zeigt;
Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures of the drawing, wherein
FIG. 1
schematically shows an embodiment of the crushing device according to the invention with a partially provided in the peripheral wall of the container screen and a flexible impact tool;
FIG. 2
schematically shows a further embodiment of the crushing device according to the invention with a partially provided in the peripheral wall of the container screen and a rigid impact tool;

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1. Die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 weist einen Behälter 2 mit einer Umfangswand 3, einem Boden 4 und einem Deckel 19 auf. Der Behälter 2 ist in dem gezeigten Beispiel etwa zylinderförmig ausgebildet, kann jedoch in anderen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung auch eine andere Form aufweisen. Ferner ist der Behälter 2 in Figur 1 mit nur einer Umfangswand 3 dargestellt, wobei in anderen Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung der Behälter 2 auch doppelwandig oder mit einem zweiten Mantel vorgesehen sein kann. Ferner kann der Behälter 2 mit einer Schallisolierung versehen sein. FIG. 1 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a comminution device 1 according to the invention. The comminution device 1 has a container 2 with a peripheral wall 3, a bottom 4 and a cover 19. The container 2 is approximately cylindrical in the example shown, but may also have a different shape in other embodiments of the invention. Further, the container 2 is in FIG. 1 shown with only one peripheral wall 3, wherein in other embodiments of the present invention, the container 2 may also be provided double-walled or with a second jacket. Furthermore, the container 2 may be provided with a sound insulation.

In den Behälter 2 ist von unten her eine Antriebswelle 12 eingeführt, an deren oberseitigem Ende ein Aufnahmekopf 5 in Form einer Nabe angeordnet ist. Der Aufnahmekopf 5 befindet sich zentral in dem Behälter 2 in einem unteren Bereich des Behälters 2.In the container 2, a drive shaft 12 is inserted from below, at the top end of a recording head 5 is arranged in the form of a hub. The pickup head 5 is located centrally in the container 2 in a lower region of the container 2.

An dem Aufnahmekopf 5 ist in dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Beispiel wenigstens ein flexibles Schlagwerkzeug in Form einer oder mehrerer Ketten 6 vorgesehen, welche dann, wenn die Antriebswelle 12 in Rotation versetzt wird, in dem unteren Bereich des Behälters 2 umlaufen.On the receiving head 5 is in the in FIG. 1 shown at least one flexible impact tool in the form of one or more chains 6, which then, when the drive shaft 12 is rotated, in the lower region of the container 2 rotate.

In einer anderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, wie sie beispielsweise schematisch durch die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1' in Figur 2 gezeigt ist, kann anstelle des wenigstens einen flexiblen Schlagwerkzeugs 6 in Figur 1 auch ein starres Schlagwerkzeug, beispielsweise in Form einer oder mehrerer Stangen 7, die mit dem Aufnahmekopf 5 verbunden sind, verwendet werden.In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown schematically by the crushing device 1 'in FIG FIG. 2 can be shown in place of the at least one flexible impact tool 6 in FIG. 1 Also, a rigid impact tool, for example in the form of one or more rods 7, which are connected to the receiving head 5, are used.

Die Antriebswelle 12 ist über einen Keilriemen 14 mit einem seitlich des Behälters 2 vorgesehenen Antriebsmotor 3 verbunden, welcher beispielsweise an einer Motoraufhängung befestigt sein kann.The drive shaft 12 is connected via a V-belt 14 with a side of the container 2 provided drive motor 3, which may be attached to an engine mount, for example.

Der Behälter 2 aus Figur 1 ist mit Standbeinen 15 versehen, durch welche die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 auf verschiedenste Unterlagen gestellt werden kann.The container 2 off FIG. 1 is provided with legs 15, through which the crushing device 1 can be placed on various documents.

In dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Beispiel ist in dem unteren Bereich des Behälters 2 in der Umfangswand 3 partiell ein Sieb 8 vorgesehen, welches mit einem Austragsschacht 11 gekoppelt ist. Das Sieb 8 weist in dem gezeigten Beispiel eine Vielzahl runder Öffnungen 16 auf, durch welche zerkleinertes Material, dessen Korn- bzw. Fasergröße geringer als der Querschnitt der runden Öffnungen 16 ist, aus dem Behälterinneren nach außen ausgetragen werden kann.In the in FIG. 1 In the example shown, a screen 8 is partially provided in the lower area of the container 2 in the circumferential wall 3, which is coupled to a discharge chute 11. The screen 8 has in the example shown a plurality of round openings 16, through which comminuted material whose grain or fiber size is less than the cross section of the round openings 16, can be discharged from the container interior to the outside.

Die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 ist derart aufgebaut, dass dem Behälter 2 kontinuierlich zu zerkleinerndes Gut, wie beispielsweise Ersatzbrennstoffe, zugeführt werden kann. Die zu zerkleinernden Objekte werden durch die Wirkung des wenigstens einen Schlagwerkzeugs 6, 7 als auch durch die Eigenbewegung und Reibung des Mahlgutes untereinander sowie durch die Wechselwirkung des zu zerkleinernden Gutes mit der Behälterinnenwand beim Aufschleudern des zu zerkleinernden Gutes durch das wenigstens eine Schlagwerkzeug weitgehend zerkleinert. Bei der Zerkleinerung kann eine Korn- bzw.The crushing device 1 is constructed such that the container 2 can be fed continuously to be crushed Good, such as substitute fuels. The objects to be crushed are largely crushed by the action of the at least one impact tool 6, 7 as well as by the proper movement and friction of the ground material and by the interaction of the material to be crushed with the container inner wall during spin-coating of the material to be comminuted by the at least one impact tool. When crushing a grain or

Fasergröße von weniger als 0,2 mm erreicht werden. Bei der Zerkleinerung werden in dem Behälterinneren Temperaturen zwischen 30 °C und 90 °C erreicht.Fiber size of less than 0.2 mm can be achieved. During comminution, temperatures between 30 ° C and 90 ° C are reached inside the container.

Bei der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 kann durch das Sieb 8 kontinuierlich zerkleinertes Material ausgetragen werden, wobei das Sieb 8 und somit auch der Behälter 2 ständig gegenüber der Umgebung offen sind.In the crushing device 1 can be discharged through the screen 8 continuously shredded material, the screen 8 and thus the container 2 are constantly open to the environment.

Figur 2 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1', die, wie oben beschrieben, im Vergleich zu der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 aus Figur 1 ein anderes Schlagwerkzeug, nämlich wenigstens ein starres Schlagwerkzeug 7, aufweist. Hinsichtlich der weiteren Merkmale der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1' sei auf die oben erfolgten Erläuterungen der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 aus Figur 1 verwiesen. FIG. 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of a crushing device 1 'according to the invention, which, as described above, in comparison to the crushing device 1 from FIG. 1 another impact tool, namely at least one rigid impact tool 7, has. With regard to the further features of the comminution device 1 ', reference is made to the above explanations of the comminuting device 1 FIG. 1 directed.

Das Sieb 9 weist in der gezeigten Ausführungsform eine Vielzahl runder Öffnungen 16 auf, wobei in anderen Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung die Öffnungen auch einen anderen, wie beispielsweise einen ovalen, rechteckigen und/oder quadratischen Querschnitt aufweisen können.The screen 9, in the embodiment shown, has a plurality of round openings 16, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the openings may also have another, such as an oval, rectangular and / or square cross-section.

Durch das Sieb 8, das kontinuierlich gegenüber der Umgebung offen ist, kann kontinuierlich während der Zerkleinerung von Material in dem Behälterinneren 2 der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1" zerkleinertes Material nach außen ausgetragen werden.Through the sieve 8, which is continuously open to the environment, can be discharged continuously during the crushing of material in the container interior 2 of the crushing device 1 "crushed material to the outside.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1, 1', 1", 1 "', 1"", 1""' eignet sich insbesondere für die Zerkleinerung von Ersatzbrennstoffen (EBS). Durch den Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1, 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' können Ersatzbrennstoffe zu feinfaserigen Materialien zerkleinert bzw. zermahlen werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das erfindungsgemäß zerkleinerte Material im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen, durch Schneideprozesse zerkleinerten Ersatzbrennstoffen deutlich besser verbrennbar ist. Insbesondere kann durch die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1, 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' eine Vergrößerung und Auffaserung der Oberfläche des zerkleinerten Materials erreicht werden, wodurch im Nachfolgenden die Verbrennung des zerkleinerten Ersatzbrennstoffmaterials rückstandsfreier erfolgen kann. Zusätzlich wird überraschenderweise ein besonders hoher Durchsatz erfindungsgemäß gerade dadurch erreicht, dass, entgegen dem in der Druckschrift DE 43 00 784 C2 geforderten Prinzip, der Behälter 2 der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1, 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' permanent gegenüber der Umgebung offen ist, indem in der Umfangswand 3 und/oder dem Boden 4 des Behälters 2 wenigstens ein Teil 8, 9, 10 siebartig ausgebildet ist und über das Sieb 8, 9, 10 permanent Material ausgetragen wird.The comminuting device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 ""'according to the invention is particularly suitable for the comminution of substitute fuels (EBS). By using the comminution device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 ""'according to the invention, substitute fuels can be comminuted or comminuted to form fine-fiber materials. It has been found that the material comminuted according to the invention is significantly better combustible compared to conventional refuse-derived fuels which have been comminuted by cutting processes. In particular, can be achieved by the inventive crushing device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 ""'enlargement and fuzzification of the surface of the crushed material, which can be done without residue in the following, the combustion of the comminuted refuse derived fuel material. In addition, surprisingly, a particularly high throughput according to the invention is achieved precisely by the fact that, contrary to what is stated in the document DE 43 00 784 C2 required principle, the container 2 of the crushing device 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 "", 1 ""'permanently open to the environment by in the peripheral wall 3 and / or the bottom 4 of the container 2 at least a part 8, 9, 10 is formed like a sieve and on the screen 8, 9, 10 permanent material is discharged.

Claims (7)

  1. A crushing apparatus having a container (2), which has a peripheral wall (3) and a base (4), and a receiving head (5) which is provided in a lower region of the container (2) and on which at least one striking tool (6, 7) which circulates in the lower region of the container (2) is provided, characterized in that at least one part (8) of the peripheral wall (3) of the container (2) is designed in the form of a screen, the container (2) is open to the environment at least at this point, and a screen (8) coupled to a discharge shaft (11) is provided on the container (2).
  2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that at least one screen (8) is provided in the peripheral wall (3) in the lower region of the container (2) in which the at least one striking tool (6, 7) circulates.
  3. The apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the part (8) of the peripheral wall (3) which is designed in the form of a screen has a multiplicity of round, oval, rectangular and/or square openings (16).
  4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the openings (16, 17, 18) have a cross section of approximately 75 mm2 to approximately 2,000 mm2.
  5. The apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one striking tool (6) is designed to be flexible.
  6. The apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one striking tool (7) is designed to be rigid.
  7. The apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus (1) is a crushing apparatus for surrogate fuels with a proportion of metal still contained therein.
EP08400049.6A 2007-11-26 2008-11-25 Grinding device Revoked EP2062645B1 (en)

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PL08400049T PL2062645T3 (en) 2007-11-26 2008-11-25 Grinding device

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DE202007016490U DE202007016490U1 (en) 2007-11-26 2007-11-26 comminution device

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EP2062645B1 true EP2062645B1 (en) 2013-05-22

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20110320A1 (en) 2011-03-01 2012-09-02 Chrysopoeia Srl WASTE MILL
DE102011120630A1 (en) 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 Aerocycle Gmbh Process for recycling waste paper
DE202013105436U1 (en) * 2013-05-06 2014-08-07 Mirko Winter comminution device
DE102015114229A1 (en) 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Mirko Winter Querstromzerspaner and method for crushing waste in a Querstromzerspaner
DE202015104540U1 (en) 2015-08-27 2016-12-15 Mirko Winter Querstromzerspaner
DE202015104541U1 (en) 2015-08-27 2016-12-01 Mirko Winter Querstromzerspaner for crushing waste in a Querstromzerspaner
DE102022132971A1 (en) 2022-12-12 2024-06-13 PWA recycling concept GmbH Device for crushing and/or processing material, arrangement and method

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CA658543A (en) * 1963-02-26 Stafford Russell Coal breaking, sizing and stone separating apparatus
DE373952C (en) * 1921-08-20 1923-04-17 Hoffmann & Staeden Eisengiesse Sieve attachment for centrifugal, beater and similar mills, the sieve covering consists of individual, arbitrarily shaped sieve parts
DE4300784C2 (en) 1993-01-14 2003-07-17 Mewa Recycling Maschinen Und A Method and device for comminuting devices to be disposed of, which have hard foam or hard plastics
DE10239820A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-18 Bhs-Sonthofen Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Reducing unit e.g. for reducing the size of electronic components to be recycled, comprises a chamber with base and circumferential walls and a drive shaft for reducing elements
US20050061899A1 (en) * 2003-08-08 2005-03-24 Langworthy Nelson C. Grates for a comminution machine and methods of forming and assembling the same

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PL2062645T3 (en) 2014-03-31
EP2062645A1 (en) 2009-05-27

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