DE1594632A1 - Multi-grade gear oil - Google Patents
Multi-grade gear oilInfo
- Publication number
- DE1594632A1 DE1594632A1 DE1964T0027550 DET0027550A DE1594632A1 DE 1594632 A1 DE1594632 A1 DE 1594632A1 DE 1964T0027550 DE1964T0027550 DE 1964T0027550 DE T0027550 A DET0027550 A DE T0027550A DE 1594632 A1 DE1594632 A1 DE 1594632A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- oils
- centistokes
- viscosity index
- pour point
- Prior art date
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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Description
Als Grundlage für Mehrbereichs-Getriebeöl dienen unter anderem paraffinische Öle mit einem Viskositätsindex (VI) von über 90, einer Viskosität unter 5 Gentistokes bei 100° C und einem Stockpunkt unter - 20° C. Diese Grundöle neigen jedoch dazu, schon bei Temperaturen etwas oberhalb des Stockpunktes feste paraffinische Anteile abzuscheiden. Man kann die vor allem hierbei störenden makrokristallinen Paraffine zwar nach verschiedenen Verfahren abtrennen, aber selbst die so weitgehend entparaffinieren Öle beginnen bei Temperaturen von - 18° C erneut feste Paraffine abzuscheiden.Among other things, paraffinic oils with a viscosity index (VI) are used as the basis for multigrade gear oil of over 90, a viscosity below 5 gentistokes 100 ° C and a pour point below - 20 ° C. However, these base oils tend to be slightly above the pour point to separate solid paraffinic fractions. You can use the macrocrystalline, which is particularly troublesome here Separate paraffins according to various processes, but even the largely dewaxed oils begin to separate solid paraffins again at temperatures of - 18 ° C.
Im Gegensatz dazu zeigen naphtenbasische öle auch bei tiefen Temperaturen Ifceine Paraffinabscheidung; auch haben sie einen guten, bei Temperaturen bis - 40° C liegenden Stockpunkt. Trotzdem eignen sie sich nicht als Grundöle für Mehrbereichs-Getriebeöle, und zwar wegen ihres schlechten Viskositäts-Temperaturverhaltens - ihr Viskositätsindex liegt meist unter 4-5 - und ihrer hohen Verdampfungsneigung bei niedriger Viskosität. In contrast to this, naphthenic oils show ifceine paraffin separation even at low temperatures; they also have a good pour point at temperatures down to - 40 ° C. Nevertheless, they are not suitable as base oils for multigrade gear oils because of their poor viscosity-temperature behavior - their viscosity index is usually below 4-5 - and their high tendency to evaporate at low viscosity.
Wesentlich bessere Eignung für den genannten Zweck zeigen synthetische öle, zum Beispiel Olefinpolymerisate oder auch Bsteröle. Ihrer technischen Anwendung auf breiterer Grundlage« steht jedoch entgegen, Aase man zu ihrer Herstellung Aufwendig· Verfahren benutzen muss. Synthetic oils, for example olefin polymers or even Bster oils, show significantly better suitability for the stated purpose. Their technical application on a broader basis, however, is opposed to the fact that complex processes have to be used to produce them.
2 SAD ORJGINAt 2 SAD ORJGINAt
Zur Verbesserung paraffinbasischer öle der erwähnten Art verwendet man beispielsweise Polyacrylsäureester, um ihnen vor allem günstigere Viskositäts-Temperatureigenschaften zu verleihen. Allerdings sind verhältnismässig große Zusätze dieser Verbesserungsmittel erforderlich, wodurch auch die Wirkung der ausserdem zuzusetzenden üblichen Getriebeöl-Additives beeinträchtigt werden kann. Insbesondere bei hoher thermischer Beanspruchung neigen die zur Verbesserung zugesetzten Polymerisate zum Zerfall. Demzufolge verliert sich ihre Wirkung, und das Öl hat nur noch die Eigenschaften des ursprünglichen, niedrig viskosen Grundöls.To improve paraffin-based oils of the type mentioned for example, polyacrylic acid esters are used to give them, above all, more favorable viscosity-temperature properties to rent. However, these improvers are relatively large additions required, which also adversely affects the effect of the usual gear oil additives that must also be added can be. The polymers added tend to improve, particularly when exposed to high thermal loads to decay. As a result, their effectiveness is lost and the oil only has the properties of original, low-viscosity base oil.
Auch mit Hilfe großer Mengen von VI- und Stockpunkt-Verbesserungsmitteln lässt sich der Stockpunkt der paraffinbasischen Öle nicht wesentlich unter - 30° C drücken; ferner setzt auch hierbei die Paraffinausscheidung nicht viel unter derjenigen ein, bei der sie beim Grundöl selbst beginnt. Wenn diese Öle bei tiefen Temperaturen gelagert oder gar gepumpt werden sollen, stören die Paraffinausscheidungen ganz ausserordentlich, denn bei längerem Lagern in der Kälte werden die Öle dadurch zäh oder gar fest und sind nicht mehr zu handhaben.Also with the help of large amounts of VI and pour point improvers the pour point of the paraffinic oils cannot be reduced significantly below - 30 ° C; furthermore, here too the paraffin excretion does not start much below that which it does with the base oil itself begins. If these oils are to be stored or even pumped at low temperatures, the paraffin excretions interfere quite extraordinary, because for a longer period of time When stored in the cold, the oils become tough or even solid and can no longer be handled.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man vorzügliche und diö genannten Nachteile nicht zeigende Mehrbereichs-Getriebeöle erhält, wenn man paraffinische öle, die von makrokristallinem Paraffin befreit sind und eine Viskosität von unter 5 Centistokes, einen Viskositätsindex über 90 und einen Stockpunkt unter - 15° zeigen, mit naphtenbasischen Grundölen mit einer Viskosität über 8,5 Centistokes bei 1CX)0, einem Viskositätsindex von über 60 und einem Stockpunkt unter - 20° 0 mischt und dem Gemisch beispielsweise Polyacrylsäureester iur Verbesserung des VI zugibt.It has now been found that excellent multigrade gear oils which do not show the disadvantages mentioned are obtained if paraffinic oils which have been freed from macrocrystalline paraffin and have a viscosity of less than 5 centistokes, a viscosity index of over 90 and a pour point of less than -15 ° are obtained , mixed with naphthenic base oils with a viscosity of more than 8.5 centistokes at 1CX) 0 , a viscosity index of more than 60 and a pour point below - 20 ° 0 and adding, for example, polyacrylic acid ester to the mixture to improve the VI.
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i ■;/-■» κ& I i ■; / - ■ »κ & I
Ferner versetzt man das Gemisch mit Getriebeöl-Additives, die eine Steigerung des Druckaufnahmevermögens sowie der Filmfestigkeit bewirken.Furthermore, the mixture is mixed with gear oil additives, which increase the pressure absorption capacity as well as the film strength.
Das Verhältnis von paraffinbasischem zu naphtenbasischem Anteil soll zwischen 1 : 5 und 1 : 1 liegen. Man kann den Stockpunkt durch den erwähnten Zusatz von Polyacrylsäureestern weit unter den der beiden Grundölbestandteile senken, ohne dass die hinderliche Ausscheidung von Paraffinen entsteht.The ratio of paraffin-based to naphthen-based components should be between 1: 5 and 1: 1. One can the pour point due to the addition of polyacrylic acid esters mentioned is far below that of the two base oil components without causing the hindering excretion of paraffins.
Insbesondere hierdurch zeigen sich die nach der vorliegenden Erfindung herstellbaren Mehrbereichs-rGetriebeöle An den bisher hierfür bekannten Produkten deutlich überlegen. Dies macht sich besonders dort bemerkbar, wo die Öle bei tiefen Temperaturen gelagert, gepumpt und eingefüllt werden müssen.In this way, in particular, the multigrade gear oils that can be produced according to the present invention are shown Clearly superior to the previously known products. This is particularly noticeable there where the oils have to be stored, pumped and filled in at low temperatures.
Man kann die neuen Getriebeöle weiter verbessern durch Zusatz gewisser Syntheseöle mit einer Viskosität zwischen 3 und 9 Centistokes bei 100° G. Als solche Zusätze kommen Esteröle in Betracht, wie sie zum Beispiel aus Diolen und geradkettigen oder auch verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren erhalten werden können. Ferner seien durch Polymerisation von Äthylen oder anderen niedrigmolekularen Olefinen herstellbare Polymeröle des genannten Viskositätsbereichs erwähnt. Der Zusatz kann bis etwa 2050 betragen. Er bewirkt vor allem eine weitere Verbesserung des VI, so dass man auf ungewöhnlich hohe Zusätze besonderer VI-Verbesserer verzichten kann und trotzdem alle gewünschten Eigenschaften erzielt, ja man kann sogar die Menge der Vl-Verbesserer geringer wählen, da die genannten Syntheseöle ohnehin hervorragende Viskositäts-Temperatur-Eigenschaften (VI mindestens 130) aufweisen. Somit ergeben sich zahlreiche Abwandlungen und damit die verschiedenartigsten Anwendungsgebiete für diese neuartigen Mehrbereichs-Getriebeöle.The new gear oils can be further improved by adding certain synthetic oils with a viscosity between 3 and 9 centistokes at 100 ° G. Ester oils such as those from, for example, come into consideration as such additives Diols and straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids can be obtained. Further be through Polymerization of ethylene or other low molecular weight olefins preparable polymer oils of the above Viscosity range mentioned. The addition can be up to around 2050. Above all, it brings about a further improvement of the VI, so that you can do without unusually high additions of special VI improvers and still achieved all the desired properties, yes you did can even choose a smaller amount of VI improvers, since the synthetic oils mentioned have excellent viscosity-temperature properties (VI at least 130) exhibit. This results in numerous modifications and thus the most diverse areas of application for these new multigrade gear oils.
109 811/15 9 7 bad original109 811/15 9 7 bad original
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1964T0027550 DE1594632A1 (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1964-12-05 | Multi-grade gear oil |
AT1022865A AT261776B (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-11-12 | Multigrade gear oil |
CH1628465A CH481207A (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-11-26 | Process for the production of a multigrade gear oil |
BE673133D BE673133A (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-12-01 | |
NL6515687A NL6515687A (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-12-02 | |
FR40973A FR1457110A (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-12-04 | Gear oils |
GB51572/65A GB1077209A (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1965-12-06 | Multigrade gear oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1964T0027550 DE1594632A1 (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1964-12-05 | Multi-grade gear oil |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1594632A1 true DE1594632A1 (en) | 1971-03-11 |
Family
ID=7553571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1964T0027550 Pending DE1594632A1 (en) | 1964-12-05 | 1964-12-05 | Multi-grade gear oil |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT261776B (en) |
BE (1) | BE673133A (en) |
CH (1) | CH481207A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1594632A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1457110A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1077209A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6515687A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6034040A (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-03-07 | Ethyl Corporation | Lubricating oil formulations |
-
1964
- 1964-12-05 DE DE1964T0027550 patent/DE1594632A1/en active Pending
-
1965
- 1965-11-12 AT AT1022865A patent/AT261776B/en active
- 1965-11-26 CH CH1628465A patent/CH481207A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1965-12-01 BE BE673133D patent/BE673133A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-02 NL NL6515687A patent/NL6515687A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-04 FR FR40973A patent/FR1457110A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-06 GB GB51572/65A patent/GB1077209A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1457110A (en) | 1966-10-28 |
AT261776B (en) | 1968-05-10 |
BE673133A (en) | 1966-04-01 |
NL6515687A (en) | 1966-06-06 |
GB1077209A (en) | 1967-07-26 |
CH481207A (en) | 1969-11-15 |
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