CN85107086A - Extrusion process and a kind of extrusion die that has the center air-spray - Google Patents
Extrusion process and a kind of extrusion die that has the center air-spray Download PDFInfo
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- CN85107086A CN85107086A CN 85107086 CN85107086A CN85107086A CN 85107086 A CN85107086 A CN 85107086A CN 85107086 CN85107086 CN 85107086 CN 85107086 A CN85107086 A CN 85107086A CN 85107086 A CN85107086 A CN 85107086A
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Abstract
The pressing mechanism of thermoplastic, but comprise having and be positioned at the die head that the center continuous injection has the high-speed gas escaper of jet shear layer; At least one hopper; At least local material dispenser around gas purger; Shear layer with blasting materials directional later exhaust jet; And the material conduit that links to each other with separately material extrusion mouth to major general's hopper.Produce the method for thermoplastic fiber, comprising: the shear layer that a) forms high-speed gas jet; B) from being located at contiguous and local at least material dispenser extrusion molten material around gas jet; C) shear layer of material and jet is converged, become fiber with the drawing-down material, and integrated fibre bundle.
Description
The present invention is related to the extrusion process of a kind of producd fibers and non-woven fibre bunch, and the equipment that uses.Particularly, the present invention is related to melt winding-up process, and this process is that the thermoplastic material of molten condition is pushed away from the discharging nozzle, and the extrudate of fusion is converged mutually with the shear layer of the gas jet that ejects from high speed exhaust nozzle.
Technical background
Following document has been introduced the technical process of different known melt blowing processes:
" ultra-fine thermoplastic fiber ", Wen Te, industry and engineering chemistry, volume 48,8,1342-1346, (1956),
" production of ultra-fine organic fiber ", No. 111437, naval research department report, 1954,
With United States Patent (USP) 3,676, No. 242.
People such as Lao Lunsi are at " equipment of the ultra-fine thermoplastic fiber of a kind of improved production ".The report of naval research department.No. 5265,1959, February and United States Patent (USP) 3,981,650 have been narrated the equipment that is applicable to this class technology.
With the current known melt winding-up process of these methods and other and device fabrication non-woven fibre thereof bunch, be to use a kind of extruder, the thermoplastic material that forces fusion is by row's pore, importing is heated in the high velocity air of concentrating of gas, generally air is arranged in the opposite side of extruding orifice.In air-flow, the fiber of thermoplastic material is by drawing-down, and under enough low temperature, fiber begins to solidify.
Open invention
The invention provides at least 2 times to the melt winding-up process of current use and the throughput rate of equipment thereof.
Apparatus and method among the present invention also can be produced the composite fibre bunch of two or more different polymer.
The present invention has been owing to shortened from fiber to the distance quench air that is used for this process or the water vapour, thus fiber or the invigoration effect of long filament on chilling that generates with the inventive method further is provided,
The present invention further provides extrusion of thermoplastic plastic material exit condition more stably, thus on its lower procedure rarer mobile fault.
The present invention can also allow in the less initial shear district of those turbulent extents, and long filament or fiber tangle.
These and other superiority among the present invention is provided by a melt Apparatus for spraying and jetting particulate materials, comprising a die head, have in the die head at least 1 be located at the center can continuous injection fluid (preferably gas) jet high-speed gas or fluid escaper.The hopper that also comprises at least 1 store heat plastic plastic material in the die head.Have a thermoplastic dispenser at least, for example the place of contiguous high-speed gas escaper has one or more to emit the thermoplastic material extrusion mouth of molten thermoplastic plastic material.Be in the high-speed gas escaper at center, can be arranged on the centre of one or more thermoplastic material extrusion mouths or on every side.When the thermoplastic extrusion mouth that adopts more than 1, can supply with the thermoplastic material more than a kind, in different hoppers, deliver to each and every one extrusion mouth.Between hopper or several hopper and each thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, have the conduit of communication of fluid, to carry thermoplastic material.Have utensil in addition to hopper or several hopper supply thermoplastic material.The extrusion mouth of thermoplastic material is placed in can be with the thermoplastic material directional later exhaust jet of extruding, so that the thermoplastic material of extruding is delivered in the shear layer of gas jet.In order to collect those thermoplastic materials of extruding formed drawing-down fibre bundle after the contact gas jet, also to be equipped with a storage surface.
The present invention has also planned a method of producing melt winding-up fiber and forming non-woven fibre bunch.This method is, at least to form 1 high velocity air or jet that is positioned at the center, and at least 1 strand, general 2 strands or more multiply from least 1 thermal plastic material's extrusion mouth or orifice, push the melting heat plastic material that comes out, these strands molten thermoplastic plastic material at least a portion is round at least 1 strand of high-speed gas jet of being located at the center, and converges mutually with the shear layer of jet.Can generate one thermoplastic material fiber at least like this, and on the guiding storage surface, thereby form the non-woven fibre bunch of a melt jet.Different with the present invention, the process that non-woven fibre bunch is produced in the winding-up of melt so far is, thermoplastic polymer resin with the preparation extrusion fiber, be molten condition by the orifice on the warmed-up nozzle, send into and be generally 2 strands of hot inert gas that come out by nozzle, this nozzle to small part round the extruding orifice, so that the resin of drawing-down fusion becomes sub-thread, or row's fiber, it is collected on the receiver, form a non-woven fibre bunch.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the side-looking generalized section of thermoplastic flow process.1 of expression has the structure that meets the principle of the invention and the extrusion die of operation among the figure;
Fig. 2 is the side cutaway view of a part of entity of extrusion die end of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a-f is the bottom view of die ends of the present invention, comprising the extrusion mouth and the high-speed gas escaper that is located at the center of thermoplastic material;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the long filament logistics that forms in the shear layer of gas jet;
Fig. 5 is a part of side cutaway view of another extrusion die end entity among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is according to the present invention, has the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the die ends entity of an auxiliary tube;
Fig. 7 is according to the present invention, have the die ends entity of adjusting crevice tool a part of side cut away view and
Fig. 8 is the side-looking generalized section with die head entity of 2 thermoplastic material hoppers.
Realize optimal mode of the present invention:
The present invention will describe in conjunction with some preferred example, but must point out, the present invention is not limited in these examples.On the contrary, it can also be extended and comprise that all substitute, improved and identical example, because these all have been included in the claim within the determined spirit of the present invention and scope.
Fig. 1 has described 1 example of the present invention.Have in die head or the extrusion die 10 and to hold polymer, be generally the hopper 12 of thermoplastic material.Thermoplastic material, generally under pressure, use such as feed intake instrument or cast feeder 36 such as charging hopper and extruding screw and be fed to hopper 12, thermoplastic material, form the fluid or the melt of tempering by 1 or more heaters 39, these heaters will be located at around hopper 12 places, around the funnel place and (or) between funnel and hopper.Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 a-f, have outlet conduit 14 and 16 on the hopper 12, can make the thermoplastic material of fusion flow to many thermoplastic extrusion mouths, hole or orifice 18 and 20 from hopper, or be positioned at the single hole 19 of annular die head end, these extrusion mouths are installed round an escaper that is positioned at the center, and this escaper generally discharges the inert gas from inert gas source 23, for example air under high speed, escaper has an opening, for example nozzle 22 etc.The same with thermoplastic material, the air that sprays from the high speed nozzle will heat with heater (not showing on the figure), and what heater will suit is placed in around inert gas 23 or its nozzle 22, or is placed in one.Hopper 12 will have the outlet (seeing the dotted portion among Fig. 1) that is used alternatingly, and outlet bifurcated or branch again becomes 2 or multichannel more.Use herein at inert gas, or " at a high speed " of inert gas jets, general proxy is approximately 300 effluxvelocities until 2000 feet per seconds.Be used for described in the present invention " " center " or " centering "; owing to be to be used on gas purger or the nozzle; generally should comprise beyond the gas purger around the thermoplastic extrusion mouth, or be located between the thermoplastic extrusion mouth, or therein.
According to the present invention, round high-speed gas escaper or air nozzle 22, can be less to having only 1 thermoplastic extrusion mouth 19, or have 2 thermoplastic extrusion mouths 18 and 20 at least.But in prevailing melt winding-up die head, the shape of high-speed gas escaper 22 is an elongated opening or slit, and in a row installs or single thermoplastic extrusion mouth or slit 18 and 20 in the both sides of gas purger 22, shown in Fig. 3 a and 3b.Opening 18 and 20 is mounted to the major axis that makes its major axis and high-speed gas discharging nozzle, form about 30 ° up to interior angle less than 90 °.Shown in the example among Fig. 2, typical angle is approximately 60 °.
Be positioned at the bottom view of several configurations of the gas nozzle at center and thermoplastic extrusion mouth among the present invention, shown in 3a-f.A kind of configuration preferably shown in Fig. 3 a, wherein in the relative both sides of nozzle 22, be mounted to two rows basically with nozzle 22 open parallel 18 and 20, the form of nozzle 22 is line style or along opening or the slit grown.Each hole installation in one row of openings 18 is formed in corresponding with each hole in another row of openings 20.Or this two round can be staggered or mutual oblique.Fig. 3 b is illustrated in the relative both sides of elongated linear gas nozzle or slit 22, and 2 of parallel installations are the thermoplastic extrusion mouth 18 and 20 of elongated linear perforate or slit shape.In Fig. 3 c inert gas is ejected from several capillary tube gas nozzles 22, these nozzles 22 are installed in the elongate slit 19 of an outflow polymeric material.The nozzle 22 of An Zhuaning herein, linear array becomes the center of a plane by slit, and is parallel to the both sides of slit.Other arrangement also can be used such as gas nozzle that replace or zigzag.
Fig. 3 d illustrates a kind of extruding facility, the inert gas nozzle 22 with garden tee section, is installed in the garden tube perforate, makes the inner surface of garden tube perforate and the outer surface of inert gas nozzle form an annular extrusion mouth 19.In the entity shown in Fig. 3 e, the diameter of center air nozzle 22 can reach about 2 inches.Comprise many thermoplastic polymer extrusion mouths 18 and 20 among Fig. 3 e, be installed in the inert gas nozzle around, each other and and the inert gas nozzle between all leave a determining deviation.At last, Fig. 3 f represents many capillary tube gas nozzles 22, is installed in the center of the thermoplastic extrusion mouth 19 with garden tee section.
The die head that the present invention disposed, can be the thermoplastic material of fusion from hopper 12, be transported on extrusion orifice 18 and 20 by pipeline or conduit 14 and 16, there, as shown in Figure 4, the extrudate of fusion ejects and contacts with the shear layer of one high-speed gas jet at least, and this high-speed gas is to become air-flow from one or more nozzle 22 continuous injections that are positioned at the center.The shear layer of Shi Yonging herein, consideration are inert gas jets layer or the jet parts that is on the nozzle periphery position.So configuration then can cause generating the multiply logistics, preferably two strands, melt extruded thing on best entity shown in Fig. 3 a and the 3b, at first on the periphery of jet or shear layer by drawing-down, forming long filament or fiber thus, deliver to after converging on the collection surface 37 of moulding or porous, for example is a cylinder (as shown in Figure 8), or a mobile guiding principle that is placed in the contiguous place of die head, fiber forms a kind of matrix fiber or fiber cluster 38 there.
Because except that the annular extrusion orifice 19 shown in Fig. 3 d be centered around nozzle hole 22 around entity and, by extrusion die of the present invention, can be formed up to rare 2 bursts of thermal plastic material's extrudate, these strands material, drawing-down at last becomes fine filaments or the fine fibre in the non-woven fibre bunch.So, the invention provides the throughput rate of method and apparatus more than 2 times than current use.In addition, because with the long filament that die head generated among the present invention, it is drawing-down in the shear layer of high velocity air, these long filaments contact very tight with the air of introducing from the equipment ambient atmosphere, so be concentrated in thermoplastic material jet logistics center compared with air-spray in general device, thereby chilling is just more effective.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 represent the profile of several structures in outlet position of high-speed gas discharging nozzle 22.Among the figure, the tube wall section 24 at nozzle 22 outlet positions can be straight, also can be made into and to be parallel to each other substantially, extremely shown in Figure 7 as Fig. 5, or make and be the inclination angle as shown in Figure 2 mutually, in the latter's configuration, be approximately 60 ° by formed typical interior angle between tube wall cross section, high-speed gas nozzle top.Other is structural pipe wall preferably, and its tube wall tangent plane 24 is substantially parallel, but the apex structure of nozzle is slightly different.There are contour or crooked gradually a curve and a pyramidal structure in the top of above-mentioned nozzle, wherein the nozzle exit wall 26, make approximate parallel shape, pass through the bullet of the S shape structure 27 of formation gradually, carry out the transition to the nozzle top 28 of more tightening up, its sidewall is similar to parallel, or makes a little angle is arranged to each other.
Another entity of the present invention provides a kind of additive that adds in air stream or jet to make it to be blended in method in the extrudate of fusion.As shown in Figure 6, can discharge in the nozzle at high-speed gas, coaxial and with a unsettled pipe or the conduit laid of wall.As shown in Figure 6, the additive conduit that feeds intake can be the form of conduit 30, and its outlet is pelvic outlet plane 32 or the outer surface part recess inwards from high-speed gas discharging nozzle.In addition, shown in the dotted line among Fig. 6, the additive commissioning pipe can be the form of conduit 34, and its outlet end stretches out in beyond high-speed gas discharging nozzle pelvic outlet plane or the outer surface part.The end of conduit also can be placed among Fig. 6 between the solid line and dotted line position.Special one is that its outlet end is just in time equal with plane 32.Also can also provide a kind of conduit is displaced among the figure method between two positions.
Be added to the additive that goes in the air stream by conduit, can be any gas, liquid (for example surfactant or sealing fluid), or fine material (hypersorption agent material for example, as a kind of material that can inhale times over the liquid of himself weight, this class material is preferably as carboxymethyl cellulose and the polyacrylic sodium salt of commissure, wood pulp or staple fibre, for example cotton, flax, silk or tossa), these all are as fiber or finished product fabric composition part.Adding material can be from being positioned at the source of extrusion die, or supplies with from the external world.Though inert gas and gas by high-speed gas discharging nozzle 22 should be appropriate with the speed of the mixture of the particle of flow through conduit 30 or 34, it is identical to be provided with necessity.Can adopt and general gas be sent into conduit to material as the method for pumped (conveying) medium.In addition, also can save the use additive conduit like this directly delivering to conduit 22 after additive and the mixing of a kind of suitable fluidised form gas.
According to another aspect of the present invention, can form the compound fabric of two or more different thermoplastics.Like this, the invention provides the thermoplastic material of melt extruded from 2 or more place the periphery of high-speed gas discharging nozzle 22, or the extrusion mouth on another side or the relative edge or a few cover opening be as 18 and 20, is transported on the shear layer of logistics of at least 1 inert gas fast moving or jet (except the above-mentioned special circumstances).From the thermoplastic material that these openings are extruded, can be identical materials, or chemistry and (or) different materials of inequality each other on the physical property.Flag first, second ... n thermoplastic material, wherein n represents most values, and these materials can be identical, or different chemical compositions or molecular structure, and molecular structure identical but molecular weight or other different in kind, the result causes different physical propertys.At the thermoplastic material that uses, as under different situation aspect the physical property, extrusion die will have a plurality of hoppers each other, every kind of thermoplastic material, for example first, second ... n thermoplastic material respectively has one, and n represents most values herein.Here it is as shown in Figure 8, have on the die head the first hopper 12a that adorns first kind of thermoplastic material and the second hopper 12b that adorns second kind of thermoplastic material, or the like.Opposite with the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, have the single hopper 12 that has conduit or carrier pipe 14 and 16 among Fig. 1, above-mentioned conduit is bound up between single hopper and first and second thermoplastic extrusion mouth 18 and 20; When the first hopper 12a and the second hopper 12b were respectively applied for first kind and second kind of thermoplastic material, the conduit that each hopper was equipped with only linked to each other with an extruded hole or a cover extruded hole.So, the first thermoplastic material hopper 12a then, link to each other with first extrusion mouth 18 by the first thermoplastic material carrier pipe 14a, and the second thermoplastic hopper 12b links to each other with the second thermoplastic extruded hole 20 by the second thermoplastic material carrier pipe 16b.
Extrusion die can be cast into single individuality, or is made up of a plurality of constituent elements, preferably is divided into two symmetric parts 42 and 44, and these two parts are convenient to location, bolt or close weldering.This two-part each part can also be made up of several different pieces, and this several sections also is to be easy to location, bolt or to close weldering.Suitable insulation material to be equipped with according to the particular arrangement of element in the system, when 2 of employings or more thermoplastic material hopper, on the die head, with the heat-conduction effect of surrounding air in minimizing equipment or the equipment region.In view of the above, heat insulation layer can be placed on, for example between hopper and thermoplastic material conduit 14a and the 16b.Adopt suitable method, can make the heater suitably laid such as the 39a among Fig. 8 and 39b carry out independent control respectively, the result can make the thermoplastic material of different temperatures supply to orifice 18 and 20 to get on.For example, first kind of thermoplastic material has one group of characteristic, need remain under first temperature, and second kind of thermoplastic material has another different group characteristics, need remain under second temperature, or the like.Equally, also difference to some extent of the temperature of gas and polymer.In addition, heater itself and thermoplastic material feeds intake or supplies and also all need thermal insulation.Single thermoplastic material supply mean is different with adopting among Fig. 1, for first and second kinds of thermoplastic materials, also will be equipped with the means that multichannel (for example first and second) thermoplastic is supplied with or fed intake.
As the equipment that contains a thermoplastic material hopper, just, equipment of the present invention adopts 2 thermoplastic hoppers, is included in the equipment of under the pressure thermoplastic being rendered to hopper from their source.In the entity that has a plurality of (first and second) thermoplastic material case, be equipped with different control systems, so that under different pressures, supply with thermoplastic material.
In the die head of single module and multi-part composition, the thermoplastic hopper can for example be cored or boring method with suitable die head with any proper method processing; Can adopt boring method processing perforate and carrier pipe or conduit.
Also be pointed out that, although discussed among the present invention be one and common include whole or most of elements that the major part of these elements can place beyond the die head, and links with suitable method at interior extrusion die.These structures also comprise the extrusion mouth of each thermoplastic and the high-speed gas discharging nozzle of centering, link by conduit all.The location of perforate and outlet and structure, as previously mentioned, and shown in the drawings.
The size range of high-speed gas discharging nozzle 22 and extrusion mouth 18 and 20 is very wide, need decide on the material of extruding and the parameter of employing and the layout of part of the die head.But, air nozzle 22, at the width range preferably of the terminal flow export of its contiguous compressive surface greatly about 0.01 inch to 1/8 inch, in order not hinder flowing of particulate additive, for example there is the conduit 30,34 that adds additive etc. to locate at those, can also be big again.The width preferably of the extruded polymer mouth at terminal flow export place, contiguous extruded polymer surface is approximately 0.005 inch to 0.05 inch, preferably about 0.015 inch.But as shown in Fig. 3 c, 3d and 3f, in order to hold the high-speed gas discharging nozzle 22 that is placed in the center, the size of thermoplastic extrusion mouth can also be big slightly.
The present invention also proposes the size to each slit mouth of first and second thermoplastic materials, the method that can regulate.This will be by means of suitable regulating measure, and for example the slit among Fig. 7 is regulated pole.
As mentioned above, the present invention is by extruding and assemble the multiply thermoplastic material, can make a kind of non-woven fibre that is made of the fiber of polymer or thermoplastic material bunch. The thermoplastic material of first melting of extruding from one or more first thermoplastic material extrusion mouths, assemble simultaneously and extrude the thermoplastic material of identical or different meltings from one or more second thermoplastic material extrusion mouths, this first and second thermoplastics extrusion mouth be placed at least part of round or be symmetrical in the both sides of high-speed gas nozzle. High speed inert gas jets or the logistics passed through between the thermoplastic material logistics of first and second extruding become fiber or long filament to the thermoplastic material drawing-down of extruding. When the logistics that contains first and second thermoplastic materials, when merging with the shear layer of inert gas stream, just formed fiber, as shown in Figure 4. Then fiber is delivered to such as foraminate hollow cylinder, or on a kind of collection surface of guiding principle band 37 of movement, about 1 inch to 16 inches apart from die head of collection surface. Fiber laydown just forms a large amount of fibrous fabrics or fiber cluster 38 after on the collection surface. According to method and apparatus of the present invention, in the zone that begins to shear, fiber may tangle. Merge mutually with inert gas stream in this place's thermoplastic material logistics, and with next step two Thigh fiber point is the same, and turbulent extent is generally all lower.
The polymer or the plastic with plasticity material that are suitable among the present invention comprise and can become fiber by the heated mould capitiform, and sustain any material that die head reaches the high temperature air stream that is used for drawing-down in short-term. These materials comprise thermoplastic material, for example polyolefin, particularly polyethylene and polypropylene; Polyamide, for example polyhexamethylene adipyl, poly-Ω acetamide and polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polyester, the for example methyl esters of polyacrylic acid and polymethylacrylic acid and ethyl ester, and mylar, cellulose esters, polyethylene polymer, for example polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile and polytrifluorochloroethylene.
Any under the temperature and pressure condition of melt winding-up process, as not react with thermoplastic material gas can both become inert gas in the high-speed gas logistics of fiber or fine fibre as the drawing-down thermoplastic material. Find that air is very suitable for above-mentioned purpose.
Fiber generally can be made of any composition, and diameter is suitable with the shape of extruding orifice.
Process of the present invention can be made crude fibre, and namely diameter generally can reach about 100 microns fiber, and is in some cases also larger, but generally all further makes fine fibre, is called microfibre or fine filament. By the microfibre that the present invention produces, general diameter range is about 1 to 20 micron; But can make the little microfibre to 0.1 micron of diameter. Become the limiting factor of fine fibre ability to comprise the parameter of extrusion system, the character of polymeric material to thermoplastic material or polymer drawing-down, for example molecular weight of material, fusing point, surperficial expansive force, the pressure of viscosity-temperature characteristics and air and flow velocity. By changing following operating parameter, can obtain the best processing conditions of arbitrary particular thermal plastic plastic material, these parameters such as air themperature, nozzle temperature, air velocity or pressure and polymer feed rate or plunger pressure. These and other parameter can be measured by the people who is familiar with the melt jet process. Following document has sufficient directive significance:
Wen Te: " ultra-fine thermoplastic fiber ", industry and engineering chemistry, volume 48,8, 1342-1346, (1956); " production of ultra-fine organic fiber ", the report of naval research department, No. 111437 people such as (1954) Lao Lunsi: " equipment of the ultra-fine thermoplastic fiber of a kind of improved production ", the report of naval research department, No. 5265 (1959); With
United States Patent (USP)
4，041，203;4，100，324;3，959，421;3，715，251;
3，704，198;3，692，618;3，676，242;3，595，245;
3，542，615;3，509，009;3，502，763;3，502，538;
3,341,394; 3,338,992; With 3,276,944;
British patent specification 1,217,892
Canadian Patent 803,714
Operating condition generally can be summarized as follows: be suitable for drawing-down and become the temperature of slight fiber can be low to moderate room temperature.But will be higher than above 200 of thermoplastic material melting point usually at least, but, under given conditions, some material is such as polyolefin, particularly polyethylene and polystyrene, and the required air temperature will be higher than 300 of thermoplastic material melting point or softening points.When selecting for use polypropylene to be the polymeric material of processing, the general temperature that adopts is about 400 to 700 °F.
Thermoplastic material stops in the high speed inert gas stream of heating and the time of drawing-down is very of short duration, therefore adopts high temperature to make degraded takes place thermoplastic material chance seldom.But general thermoplastic material will be longer than the time in the high speed inert gas stream in the time that the die head heating part is detained, thus the temperature of time of in die head, being detained and maintenance thereof the two all increased the possibility of degraded.So after the discovery depolymerization, will be controlled at the holdup time of polymer in die head and the upstream feeding system thereof.The temperature that general thermoplastic material extrusion mouth or polymer nozzle are adopted, approximately is equal to or higher than 200 of the temperature of air at warmed-up die head part holdup time of apparent and deciding.But, do not control the temperature of polymer nozzle, it is reached or keep a specified temp.On the contrary, the temperature of thermoplastic material extrusion mouth depends on to a great extent by the thermoplastic material of extrusion mouth and the heat that surrounding air gave, and the air of saying here comprises by high-speed gas discharging nozzle and surrounding air.In some cases, for the polymer nozzle is remained in the certain temperature range, all to carry out adiabatic heat-insulation round polymer nozzle, high-speed gas discharging nozzle or the two.
The speed of heated inert gas stream, at least a portion depend on the pressure of gas, but also change with the character of thermoplastic material to a great extent.For example, to as polyolefin, polyethylene particularly, air pressure is approximately 1 to 25 pound/inch
2That's all, and, under the fiber that generates same diameter and length, then need 50 pounds/inch to other thermoplastic material
2The pressure of these parameter decision air is generally at 1 to 60 pound/inch
2In the gauge pressure scope.
By above suggestion, than the melt blowing device and the method for a single thermoplastic material extrusion mouth of known employing or a cover extrusion mouth, put into practice one of benefit of the present invention, be to have improved throughput rate.In view of the single of a standard or a cover opening, frequent operation rate is 3 a pounds/inch per hour, and flank speed is about 25 pounds/inch per hour, and the present invention's operation rate by comparison is 6 a pounds/inch per hour, up to about 50 pounds/inch per hour.
The people who is proficient in present technique can be expressly understood, in not breaking away from spirit of the present invention and scope, can also make certain change to above-mentioned Processes and apparatus.
Errata
Errata
Claims (34)
1, a kind of pressing mechanism of thermoplastic material comprises an extrusion die, comprising:
Be located at the high-speed gas escaper of center, be used for continuous injection and go out at least that one has the gas jet of shear layer;
At least one holds the hopper of above-mentioned thermoplastic material;
Be located at contiguous thermoplastic material dispenser, and be centered around the high-speed gas escaper place of laying at above-mentioned center to small part, thermoplastic material with the melt extruded that will eject from above-mentioned thermoplastic material dispenser is guided the above-mentioned gas jet into, above-mentioned extrusion of thermoplastic plastic material is incorporated in the shear layer of gas jet to go; With
The thermoplastic material conduit links at least one above-mentioned hopper and thermoplastic material dispenser.
2, according to the mechanism in the claim 1, wherein above-mentioned thermoplastic material dispenser comprises at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth and at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth.
3,, wherein also comprise a kind of equipment that goes in above-mentioned at least one hopper that above-mentioned thermoplastic material is fed to according to the mechanism in the claim 1.
4, according to the mechanism in the claim 2, wherein said at least one hopper comprises 2 hoppers.
5, according to the mechanism in the claim 4,2 hoppers wherein comprise second hopper that is used to hold first hopper of first thermoplastic material and is used to hold second thermoplastic material.
6,, wherein between above-mentioned first hopper and above-mentioned at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, be provided with first conduit according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 5; Between above-mentioned second hopper and above-mentioned at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, be provided with second conduit.
7,, also comprise a heater in the mechanism, with the temperature of the above-mentioned thermoplastic material of heating rising according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 1.
8, according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 5, comprise in the mechanism that above-mentioned first thermoplastic material renders to the equipment that goes in above-mentioned first hopper under first pressure, and under second pressure, above-mentioned second thermoplastic material is rendered to the equipment that goes in above-mentioned second hopper.
9, according to the mechanism in the claim 5, wherein said mechanism comprises the primary heater of temperature to the first temperature of above-mentioned first thermoplastic material that raises, and the secondary heater that above-mentioned second thermoplastic material is elevated to second temperature.
10,, also comprise a kind of to utensil by adding additive in the gas of above-mentioned high-speed gas escaper according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 1.
11, according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 10, the wherein said utensil that adds additive in gas-pressurized comprises a kind of additive commissioning pipe.
12, according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 11, wherein said high-speed gas escaper has a pelvic outlet plane, and the outlet end of above-mentioned additive commissioning pipe reaches beyond the pelvic outlet plane of high-speed gas escaper.
13, according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 11, wherein said high-speed gas escaper has a pelvic outlet plane, and the outlet end of above-mentioned additive commissioning pipe is recessed in the inside of above-mentioned high-speed gas escaper pelvic outlet plane.
14,, also comprise the instrument of the width of the adjusting above-mentioned first or the second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth according to the pressing mechanism in the claim 2.
15, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 2, the wherein said high-speed gas escaper that is arranged on the centre, between its major axis and each the above-mentioned first and second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, form about 30 ° to less than 90 ° interior angle.
16, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 2, the wherein said high-speed gas escaper that is located at the center comprises a slit with 2 long limits.
17, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 16, wherein at least one first thermoplastic extrusion mouth comprises one first row's pore, settles to be parallel to a long limit of above-mentioned slit, and is located at a side of slit; With at least one second thermoplastic extrusion mouth, comprise one second row's pore, settle another the long limit that is parallel to above-mentioned slit, and be located at a relative side of slit.
18, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 16, wherein at least one first thermoplastic extrusion mouth, comprise and settle first slit that is parallel to long limit of above-mentioned gas exit slit and places a side, with at least one second thermoplastic extrusion mouth, comprise and settle another the long limit that is parallel to the above-mentioned gas exit slit, and place second slit of a relative side.
19, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 1, thermoplastic dispenser wherein comprises a slit, and the high-speed gas escaper that is placed in comprising of center of a plurality of capillary tube gas nozzles in slit.
20, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 1, wherein be located at the high-speed gas escaper at center, comprise the nozzle of a garden tee section, this nozzle is located at the center of a garden tube opening, the inner surface of garden tube and the outer surface of above-mentioned nozzle form an annular extrusion mouth.
21, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 1, wherein be located at the high-speed gas escaper of center, comprise the nozzle of a garden tee section; Above-mentioned thermoplastic material dispenser comprises a plurality of thermoplastic material extrusion mouths, these extrusion mouths be located at above-mentioned nozzle around, and and above-mentioned nozzle between, and keep certain spacing separately.
22, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 1, thermoplastic dispenser wherein comprises the extrusion mouth with garden tee section, and the high-speed gas escaper of being located at the center, comprises a plurality of capillary tube gas nozzles that are located in this extrusion mouth.
23, according to the pressing mechanism of claim 1, thermoplastic material dispenser wherein comprises at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth and at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth; At least one above-mentioned hopper comprises second hopper that holds first hopper of first thermoplastic material and hold second thermoplastic material; Described thermoplastic material conduit, be included in first conduit that is provided with between above-mentioned first hopper and above-mentioned at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, and second conduit that between above-mentioned second hopper and above-mentioned at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, is provided with; Above-mentioned high-speed gas escaper, comprise slit with 2 long limits, with above-mentioned at least one first thermoplastic extrusion mouth, comprise that is located at a long limit that is parallel to this slit, and at the row's pore of slit one side, with at least one second thermoplastic extrusion mouth, comprise that is located at another the long limit that is parallel to this slit, and at second row's pore of the relative side of slit; Said mechanism also comprises above-mentioned first thermoplastic material, under first pressure, renders to equipment, second thermoplastic material of the above-mentioned first thermoplastic hopper, under second pressure, renders to the equipment of the above-mentioned second thermoplastic material hopper; Raise first thermoplastic material to the primary heater of first temperature and the secondary heater of above-mentioned second thermoplastic material to second temperature that raise.
24, produce the method for thermoplastic material fiber, comprise the steps:
(a) form at least that one is positioned at the center, have the high-speed gas jet of shear layer;
(b) from the thermoplastic material dispenser, squeeze out the thermoplastic material of one fusion at least, above-mentioned thermoplastic material dispenser is located at contiguous and is centered around above-mentioned at least one high-speed gas nozzle part to small part; With
(c) thermoplastic material of above-mentioned one fusion at least converges mutually with the shear layer of one high-speed gas jet at least, with the above-mentioned thermoplastic material of drawing-down, generates fiber, generates the fibre bundle of above-mentioned thermoplastic material thus.
25, according to the method for claim 24, the thermoplastic material of one fusion at least wherein, comprise one first thermoplastic material at least, at least one second thermoplastic material, above-mentioned thermoplastic material dispenser of while, comprise at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, squeeze out above-mentioned one first thermoplastic material at least therefrom, and at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, extrude above-mentioned one second thermoplastic material at least therefrom.When forming at least one first thermoplastic material, above-mentioned one first thermoplastic material at least, at least one second thermoplastic material, converge with the shear layer of above-mentioned one high-speed gas jet at least, form one first thermoplastic fiber and one second thermoplastic fiber at least at least thus respectively.
26, according to the method for claim 25, wherein extrude first thermoplastic material from above-mentioned at least one first thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, with from above-mentioned at least one second thermoplastic material extrusion mouth, squeeze out second thermoplastic material, this first and second thermoplastic material, different on physical property.
27,, in wherein said one high-speed gas jet at least, comprise a kind of fluid additive according to the method for claim 24.
28, according to the method for claim 27, fluid additive wherein comprises a kind of hypersorption agent material.
29, according to the method for claim 27, fluid additive wherein comprises wood pulp cellulose.
30, according to the method for claim 27, fluid additive wherein comprises staple fibre.
31, according to the method for claim 27, fluid additive wherein is a kind of liquid.
32, according to the method for claim 27, fluid additive wherein is a kind of gaseous additives.
33, according to the method for claim 25, wherein first strand and second strand of thermoplastic material converge mutually with the shear layer of above-mentioned high-speed gas jet, and with above-mentioned high-speed gas jet shape at an angle, be about 30 ° to less than 90 °.
34, according to the method for claim 25, first and second strands of fibers that form in (C) this step wherein, guide on the collection surface after, form a kind of non-woven fibre bunch of meltblown thus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107086 CN85107086A (en) | 1985-09-23 | 1985-09-23 | Extrusion process and a kind of extrusion die that has the center air-spray |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107086 CN85107086A (en) | 1985-09-23 | 1985-09-23 | Extrusion process and a kind of extrusion die that has the center air-spray |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85107086A true CN85107086A (en) | 1987-04-15 |
Family
ID=4795440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107086 Pending CN85107086A (en) | 1985-09-23 | 1985-09-23 | Extrusion process and a kind of extrusion die that has the center air-spray |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85107086A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102080269A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 日本韦琳株式会社 | Spinning apparatus, apparatus and process for manufacturing nonwoven fabric, and nonwoven fabric |
| CN102482799A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2012-05-30 | 3M创新有限公司 | Apparatus, system, and method for forming nanofibers and nanofiber webs |
| CN112708949A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-27 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of high-strength nano cellulose fiber based on microfluid assembly |
-
1985
- 1985-09-23 CN CN 85107086 patent/CN85107086A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102482799A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2012-05-30 | 3M创新有限公司 | Apparatus, system, and method for forming nanofibers and nanofiber webs |
| CN102080269A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 日本韦琳株式会社 | Spinning apparatus, apparatus and process for manufacturing nonwoven fabric, and nonwoven fabric |
| CN112708949A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-27 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of high-strength nano cellulose fiber based on microfluid assembly |
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