CN2357469Y - Semi-automatic cup type seedling transplanting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a semi-automatic cup type seedling transplanting machine, which belongs to an agricultural machine. The utility model is composed of a seedling throwing mechanism, a quantitative fertilizer application mechanism, a seedling supporting mechanism and a quantitative water injector, wherein, a handle lobe type seedling throwing cup or a cone barrel type seedling throwing cup can be adopted in the seedling supporting mechanism. The traditional external grooved wheel type fertilizer discharging wheel or an indented type fertilizer discharging wheel can be adopted at the quantitative fertilizer application mechanism, the seedling supporting mechanism is composed of a crank connecting rod, a parallelogram linkage and a seedling pushing block, wherein, a ball valve in water is controlled by the crank connecting rod to realize the quantitative water injector to carry out water injection. The utility model collects the functions of seedling transplantation, fertilization, water injection and buttress seedling to form one whole, and has the characteristics of complete function and compact structure; the utility model is especially suitable for large area seedling transplantation of high efficiency.

Description

Semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter

That the utility model relates to that the field uses is tractor mounted, semimounted and towed semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter.Belong to agricultural mechanical field.

Along with the deep development of agriculture cultivation technology, grow seedlings in the greenhouse (booth) of crops such as corn, tobacco, cotton, vegetables, beet, and the field transplanting technology is widely used gradually.Thereby the development of field rice seedling transplanter product also is subjected to more and more people's attention.At present, commercially available rice seedling transplanter majority is the finger-clipped rice seedling transplanter, needs during work by manually rice shoot being clamped, and delivers in the soil and transplant.This rice seedling transplanter is owing to send the time-consuming operating efficiency of seedling lower, and very easily damages rice shoot in the transplanting process, and the trend that is eliminated is gradually arranged in technology developed country.Also have several rice seedling transplanters at present, complex structure mostly, performance complete (as lacking water filling device or fertilizer apparatus etc.), and also technical indicator falls behind, and lack the device of putting a lodged plant upright, and make the rice shoot upright degree of transplanting poor, the seedling that falls is serious.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of and both can applies fertilizer as required again quantitatively to the water filling of every strain rice shoot in the transplanting process, and has the semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter of the function of putting a lodged plant upright.

Realize that above-mentioned purpose technical scheme accompanying drawings is as follows:

The utility model is by girder, longeron (1), hanging cutter (19), land wheel, plough (18), dropping seedling mechanism, earth backing press wheel (34), earth backing mechanism, seat (10), transmission mechanism and suspension haulage gear are formed, longeron (1) is hinged with girder, all the other each parts all are fixed on the longeron, quantitative fertilization device (3) is housed on the longeron on hanging cutter top, lodged plant putting upright device and quantitative injection device (33) are housed between dropping seedling mechanism and plough, the quantitative fertilization device is by fertilizing box, the defertilizing wheel of fertilizing box bottom and the fertilizer guiding tube formation of leading to the hanging cutter place, defertilizing wheel axle adopts chain (16) to be connected with sprocket (29), sprocket (29) is contained on the crank axle (28), lodged plant putting upright device is the four-bar mechanism (14) that is connected by crank connecting link and is contained in and pushes away seedling piece (15) formation on the four-bar mechanism, crank disc has arcuate socket on (48), the pitman pin (49) of connecting rod (13) is contained in the arcuate socket on the crank disc, return spring (50) is equipped with in the other end of connecting rod and the junction of four-bar mechanism, quantitative injection device (33) comprises injector body (40), admitting pipe joint (43) is housed on its sidewall, the top has venthole (42), ball valve (39) is equipped with at the delivery port place of bottom, float (41) is housed in the injector body, adorn a water filling guide rod (26) on the ball valve, the water filling guide rod is by drive plate (24) and fixture block (25) and connecting rod (13) interlock, bevel-gear sett (37) is housed on the earth backing press wheel (34), (36), with the coaxial drive sprocket (35) of adorning of bevel gear (36), this drive sprocket is connected with driven sprocket (23) chain of the power transmission shaft (31) of gear housing (12), on the power transmission shaft (31) in the gear housing bevel gear (32) is housed, bevel gear (22) engagement of this bevel gear and vertical shaft (6) lower end, the gear wheel (30) that is meshed with sprocket (29) directly is fixed on the power transmission shaft (31).

The utility model collection rice shoot semi-automatic transplanting, fertilising, water filling, function such as put a lodged plant upright are one, can realize the institutional transplanting operation of high efficiency field large tracts of land.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the chain drive schematic diagram of band strainer.

Fig. 5 is a plough clamping rice shoot soil block view.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of quantitative injection device.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation that two lobe formulas are thrown the seedling cup.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the awl cartridge type is thrown the seedling cup.

Fig. 9 is the plough structure chart that depth control shoe is housed.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of lodged plant putting upright device.

Figure 11 is the structural representation of earth backing shovel.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of hitch frame.

Figure 13 is the vertical view of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is ground wheel assembly figure.

Among the figure: 1. longeron 2. seedling plate rails 3. quantitative fertilization devices 4. throw seedling cups 5. rotating disks 6. vertical shafts 7. rollers 8. cams 9. lead seedling pipe 10. seats 11. earth backing disks, 12. gear housings, 13. connecting rods, 14. parallelogram lindages 15. push away seedling piece 16. chains 17. fertile case sprocket wheel 18. ploughs 19. hanging cutters 20. land wheels 21. hanger brackets 22. bevel gears 23. driven sprockets 24. drive plates 25. fixture blocks 26. water filling guide rods 27. crank bases 28. crank axles 29. sprocket 30. gear wheels 31. power transmission shafts 32. bevel gears 33. quantitative water injectors 34. earth backing press wheels 35. drive sprockets 36. bevel gears 37. bevel gears 38. fixed heads 39. ball valves 40. injector bodies 41. floats 42. ventholes 43. admitting pipe joints 44. valve at the bottom of 45. cone cylinders, 46. control panels, 47. depth control shoes, 48. crank discs, 49. pitman pins, 50. return springs, 51. earth backing shovel 52. hydraulic jacks

Fig. 1 is a basic model of the present utility model, is the monomer stand alone type.The power of this machine is that the earth backing press wheel (34) of a side belt wheel pawl is by a pair of nonopiate bevel gear (36), (37) and (the consulting Fig. 3) that provide with the coaxial drive sprocket (35) of bevel gear (36).Drive sprocket (35) drives driven pulley (23) (consulting Fig. 2) and drives the rotating disk (5) and the throwing seedling cup (4) that are equipped with on the vertical shaft (6) by bevel-gear sett (22), (32) by chain throws seedling with the rotating speed rotation of changeing approximately per four seconds one.Power also drives the lodged plant putting upright device motion by a pair of sprocket (29), gear wheel (30) transmission.This lodged plant putting upright device is by toggle, parallelogram lindage and push away seedling piece compositions such as (15).This mechanism is according to the frequency motion of certain time sequence with about 1 second.Push away the seedling piece and be fixed on the parallel four-bar,, and a downward componental movement is arranged in pushing away the seedling process, in pushing away the seedling process, have a little rice shoot is compressed into trend in the soil downwards so be parallel mobile.In addition, the connecting rod of toggle (13) is when moving upward, and the water filling guide rod (26) that promotes quantitative injection device (33) by drive plate (24) is opened ball valve (39),, to plough (18) bottom water filling, to reach the purpose that water filling is transplanted.

The quantitative fertilization device is to drive defertilizing wheel axle by the sprocket wheel in parallel with sprocket (29) by the fertile case sprocket wheel of chain (16) transmission (17) to rotate, chemical fertilizer in the fertilizing box is discharged by the defertilizing wheel of fertilizing box bottom, through fertilizer guiding tube, during hanging cutter is manured into soil, reach the purpose of quantitative fertilization.

During transplanter work, the operator is sitting on the seat (10), seedling plate rail (2) from the fertilizing box that places the quantitative fertilization device takes off rice shoot, drop in the seedling cup (4), throw the seedling cup if adopt two lobe formula structures, when the throwing seedling cup on being positioned at rotating disk (5) forwards the top position of leading seedling pipe (9) to, throwing seedling meets along last roller (7) and cam (8), under the effect of cam (8), will throw the seedling cup and open, rice shoot falls by gravity, and fall within the plough (18) by leading seedling pipe (9), clamped (consulting Fig. 5) by plough two sides of tail plate, under the effect that pushes away seedling piece (15), seedling with soil is pushed in the mound of having been gathered around by earth backing press wheel (34) then.The earth backing press wheel further carries out earth backing in motion process, and with soil compaction.By a pair of earth backing disk (11) (or earth backing shovel) soil surface after the compacting is wipeed off more subsequently, played and destroy the upper soll layer capillary to reach the purpose of soil moisture conservation.

This machine since the power resources of monomer in the earth backing press wheel, so that every row is a monomer is freestanding.Its advantage is to be convenient to and tractor.Can be configured to two row, four lines, six row arbitrarily according to tractor horsepower size, until eight line transplanters.The longeron of monomer (1) adopts hinge to be connected with girder, and when transplanting operation, monomer floats within the specific limits, so that uneven ground is carried out profiling.And when playing machine at the edge of a field, by slide fastener or block monomer is held on, to guarantee certain road clearance.

Dropping seedling mechanism is core component of the present utility model (consulting Fig. 1, Fig. 7).It is by throwing seedling cup (4), rotating disk (5), vertical shaft (6), roller (7), cam (8), leading seedling pipe (9) constitutes, throw the seedling cup and can adopt two lobe formula structures, mesh by tooth between two lobes, and be hinged on the rotating disk (5) with bearing pin, each rotating disk can arrange that 4-5 is thrown the seedling cup, on the cup edge of each throwing seedling cup, be provided with roller (7), cam (8) can be that unidirectional cam or bidirectional cam are fixed on the supporting seat of vertical shaft (6), rotating disk is installed in the top of vertical shaft (6), throw the seedling cup, rotating disk can rotate with vertical shaft, the inlet of leading seedling pipe (9) is located at throwing seedling cup and opens the place, and outlet is located at the afterbody of plough (18).The lower end of vertical shaft places in the gear housing (12), is driven by bevel-gear sett (32), (22) and rotates (consulting Fig. 2).When the throwing seedling cup on the rotating disk turns to the top of cam (8) with vertical shaft, throwing the seedling cup contacts with cam along last roller, open so throw the seedling cup, rice shoot is clamped so that transplant by the plough afterbody by leading the afterbody that the seedling pipe falls into plough under action of gravity in the cup.Change the position of cam, can regulate and throw seedling cup open time phase.

Cam (8) can adopt one-way fashion or two kinds of forms of reversible, if adopt unidirectional cam, throws seedling cup rotating disk and can only rotate to a direction, and during counter-rotating, roller can be stuck with cam, part of damage.Require in power train, to add one-way clutch this moment, to guarantee that rotating disk can not reverse.If adopt bidirectional cam, rotating disk change anyway all can, power train is simplified.

Throw the seedling cup and can also adopt alternate manner, it is exactly an example that awl cartridge type is as shown in Figure 8 thrown the seedling cup.Its structure is awl tube (45) formation by (44) at the bottom of 4-6 the hinged valve, the awl tube is holding in the palm by having the fixed control panel of gap (46), and it is fixing with rotating disk (5), gap is located at the porch of leading seedling pipe (9), adopt the throwing seedling cup of this form, its glass all can be cancelled along the cam at last roller and vertical shaft supporting seat place.Its course of work is: after in the rice shoot soil block input cone tube, when rotating disk band awl tube rotated, the awl tube slided on motionless control panel, forward the opening position of control panel to when the awl tube, promptly lead seedling pipe place, just open automatically under the rice shoot action of gravity at the bottom of the hinged valve, rice shoot falls into leads Miao Guanli.The awl tube is rotated further the opening position that leaves control panel, is closed automatically at the bottom of the valve.Rotate control panel and regulate the gap position, can regulate position, rice shoot whereabouts and phase place.(thinning beet of educating as paper web, cotton seedling etc.) best results when the throwing seedling cup of this structure is column for the rice shoot soil block.

Earth backing press wheel (34) not only has to the further earth backing of rice shoot after transplanting and with the effect of soil compaction, or the power source of transplanter work, its structure (consulting Fig. 3) is: at the circumference upper mounting plate formula driving claw or the spike-tooth of earth backing press wheel (34), this is taken turns by its inboard fixed head (38) and is installed on the longeron (1), bevel-gear sett (37), (36) are housed, with the coaxial drive sprocket (34) that is equipped with of bevel gear (36) on the fixed head.By chain drive, the rotation of earth backing press wheel can be reached in the gear housing (12), through transmission mechanism this conversion of motion is finished its needed exercises for driving dropping seedling mechanism, quantitative fertilization mechanism, quantitative injection device, lodged plant putting upright device again.

Lodged plant putting upright device is to launch upright the burying in back for the guarantee rice shoot by dropping seedling mechanism to be provided with.It is by crank connecting link, and parallelogram lindage and push away (the consulting Fig. 1, Fig. 3) that the seedling piece constitutes pushes away seedling piece (15) in pushing away the seedling process, the component velocity that except that motion backward, moves downward in addition, and making rice shoot obtain a downward component, to guarantee that rice shoot is gone into soil nature good.In addition, rice shoot falls and pushes away between the motion of seedling piece and should satisfy certain phase relation, and this phase relation realizes by the different positions of engagement of gear (29), (30).

Rice shoot is when leading the Miao Guanzhong whereabouts, since rice shoot soil block weight difference, the position difference in throwing the seedling cup is also different to the speed that rice shoot is fallen.Push away on the seedling piece for preventing that rice shoot from falling, require to push away the seedling piece and push away seedling, but return speed will be hurry up with normal speed.Structure shown in Figure 10 is the lodged plant putting upright device of band quick return mechanism.So-called anxious returning, be that return speed is to realize so soon, promptly on crank disc (48), be provided with arcuate socket, connecting rod (13) is connected with crank disc by bearing pin (49), promptly do not adopt hingedly, and make it that one section idle stroke be arranged, and promptly return spring (50) is housed with parallelogram lindage (14) junction at the other end of connecting rod, can realize pushing away seedling piece (15) and push away seedling by normal speed, but and fast return under the effect of return spring power when returning.So can avoid rice shoot to drop on the problem that pushes away on the seedling piece, guarantee the success rate of transplanting.

Lodged plant putting upright device can also adopt cam-and-to replace crank connecting link, and parallelogram lindage promptly pushes away the motion of seedling process, can be realized by the shape of cam.The shortcoming that adopts cam-and-is that the resistance of the system of phoresying is increased.

Installing the quantitative injection device additional is another feature of the present utility model (consulting Fig. 6).

When crop is transplanted,, the survival rate of shoot transplanting equipment will be improved greatly if can inject a certain amount of water.Particularly in the arid area or arid season must water filling when transplanting.This machine adopts quantitative injection device as shown in Figure 6 to carry out water filling.The water that is stated from the water tank on the tractor enters in the injector body (40) through the admitting pipe joint (43) that flexible pipe is connected to injector.When water was filled with injector body (40), float (41) floated and venthole (42) is blocked under action of gravity.With ball valve (39) when lifting, the water in the injector body (40) reaches the purpose of rice shoot being carried out water filling in end opening flows into plough under the effect at crank connecting link.The time that ball valve (39) lifts under the effect of controlling organization is long more, and then water injection rate is many more.General every young plant water injection rate transfers to 80～100ml.

The adjusting of water filling phase place and water injection rate is achieved in that on connecting rod (13) and is fixed with fixture block, and also be fixed with fixture block (25) on the water filling guide rod (26) of injector.When connecting rod moves upward, drive the water filling guide rod simultaneously and move upward, thereby open the ball valve of injector, the water of injector body is given off, reach the purpose that water filling is transplanted through drive plate (24).

Fixture block on the connecting rod can move along connecting rod, is fixed on the different positions.And the fixture block on the water filling guide rod also can move axially along the water filling guide rod, is fixed on the different positions.Time phase when for a change beginning water filling, fixture block will be regulated its fixed position on the connecting rod, and the fixture block on the water filling this moment guide rod is also wanted its fixed position of corresponding change, reaches to change the water injection time phase place.

In addition the time long more then injector ball valve that in the process of motion, contact of drive plate time of opening with fixture block on the water filling guide rod long more, water injection rate is just many more.Otherwise water injection rate is just few.So regulate the size that the alternate position spike between connecting rod fixture block and the guide rod fixture block just can be regulated water injection rate.

Plough (18) can adopt sliding cutter type structure (consulting Fig. 5, Fig. 9), and its afterbody should be able to clamp the rice shoot soil block, therefore, should be able to adapt to the size shape of rice shoot soil block to plough tail dimension shape need.When on mellow soil, transplanting, need on the sidewall of plough, install additional depth control shoe (47).

The earth backing device is that the soil that is compacted after transplanting is carried out further earth backing, and destroys the capillary of soil surface, plays the soil moisture conservation effect.The earth backing device can adopt earth backing disk (consulting Fig. 1) and earth backing shovel (consulting Figure 11) two kinds of versions.When the soil was more smooth, the earth backing device adopted stationary structure (consulting Fig. 1), and this kind structure can be according to its position height of transplanting depth different adjustment, to guarantee appropriate earth backing amount.

When the soil is uneven, then adopt floating structure as Figure 11.This floating structure both can be used spring, and also the way of available counterweight guarantees the pressure of earth backing device to the face of land, to obtain uniform and stable earth backing effect.

Require different spacing in the rows for different crops, this machine is regulated spacing in the rows by replacing driven sprocket (23), the different number of teeth of drive sprocket (25) (consulting Fig. 4).Be added with regulating wheel in this chain drive, when changing the sprocket wheel of the different numbers of teeth, realize the tensioning of chain by regulating regulating wheel.

Fertilizer apparatus is to drive by chain drive with the coaxial sprocket wheel of crank axle.Its workpiece is a traditional outer groove wheel defertilizing wheel.The length of regulating the active section of this outer groove-wheel can stepless its fertilizing amount of adjusting.Adopt this kind outer groove wheel defertilizing wheel can only realize the continuity fertilising.As the formula fertilising of the suitable cave of crop, can adopt the indent type defertilizing wheel and change the kind of drive is intermittently-driving, reaches with location, quantitatively cave formula fertilising, with requirement and the economy that satisfies crop.

It is about the 300mm that the crop that has in the agricultural production requires line-spacing.For satisfying this requirement, just must adopt the little earth backing press wheel of diameter.Just can't drive transmission system with the earth backing press wheel this moment.Therefore we just adopt land wheel to drive transmission system, generally speaking, adopt the ground wheel drive mostly to be the above transplanter type of four lines.

The semimounted transplanter

When large tracts of land is transplanted, use six row, when eight line transplanter groups are carried out operation, unit adopts semimounted more suitable.

Because transplant unit required tractive force and little in operation, various small tractors all can meet the demands.But its hydraulic pressure lift ability of most small tractors does not satisfy the requirement of transplanter weight.Also there is same problem in same multirow machine, has designed towed transplanter for solving this particular problem.

Towed transplanter and its main part of suspension type transplanter are just the same, just replace hanger bracket (21) with hitch frame such as Figure 12,13 structure and in the ground wheel assembly, increased whole unit is promoted or the hydraulic jack (52) of landing as Figure 14, to satisfy the needs of transplanting operation and transporting when.

Claims (7)

1. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter is by girder, longeron (1), hanging cutter (19), land wheel, plough (18), dropping seedling mechanism, earth backing press wheel (34), earth backing mechanism, seat (10), transmission mechanism and suspension haulage gear are formed, longeron (1) is hinged with girder, all the other each parts all are fixed on the longeron, it is characterized in that: quantitative fertilization device (3) is housed on the longeron on hanging cutter top, lodged plant putting upright device and quantitative injection device (33) are housed between dropping seedling mechanism and plough, the quantitative fertilization device is by fertilizing box, the defertilizing wheel of fertilizing box bottom and the fertilizer guiding tube formation of leading to the hanging cutter place, defertilizing wheel axle adopts chain (16) to be connected with sprocket (29), sprocket (29) is contained on the crank axle (28), lodged plant putting upright device is the four-bar mechanism (14) that is connected by crank connecting link and is contained in and pushes away seedling piece (15) formation on the four-bar mechanism, crank disc has arcuate socket on (48), the pitman pin (49) of connecting rod (13) is contained in the arcuate socket on the crank disc, return spring (50) is equipped with in the other end of connecting rod and the junction of four-bar mechanism, quantitative injection device (33) comprises injector body (40), admitting pipe joint (43) is housed on its sidewall, the top has venthole (42), ball valve (39) is equipped with at the delivery port place of bottom, float (41) is housed in the injector body, adorn a water filling guide rod (26) on the ball valve, the water filling guide rod is by drive plate (24) and fixture block (25) and connecting rod (13) interlock, bevel-gear sett (37) is housed on the earth backing press wheel (34), (36), with the coaxial drive sprocket (35) of adorning of bevel gear (36), this drive sprocket is connected with driven sprocket (23) chain of the power transmission shaft (31) of gear housing (12), on the power transmission shaft (31) in the gear housing bevel gear (32) is housed, bevel gear (22) engagement of this bevel gear and vertical shaft (6) lower end, the gear wheel (30) that is meshed with sprocket (29) directly is fixed on the power transmission shaft (31).

2. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said dropping seedling mechanism is by throwing seedling cup (4), rotating disk (5), vertical shaft (6), roller (7), cam (8), leading seedling pipe (9) constitutes, throwing the seedling cup is two lobe formulas, mesh by tooth between two lobes, and be hinged on the rotating disk (5) with bearing pin, can arrange on each rotating disk that 4-5 is thrown the seedling cup, each throws the cup of seedling cup one side along being provided with roller (7), cam (8) can be fixed on the supporting seat of vertical shaft (6) for unidirectional or two-way two kinds of forms, rotating disk is installed in the top of vertical shaft (6), throw the seedling cup, rotating disk can rotate with vertical shaft, the inlet of leading seedling pipe (9) is located at throwing seedling cup and opens the place, and outlet is located at the afterbody of plough (18).

3. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that said throwing seedling cup (4) can be the awl cartridge type, its structure is awl tube (45) formation by (44) at the bottom of 4-6 the hinged valve, the awl tube is holding in the palm by having the fixed control panel of gap (46), and it is fixing with rotating disk (5), gap is located at the porch of leading seedling pipe (9), throws the seedling cup and all can cancel along the cam at last roller and vertical shaft supporting seat place.

4. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1, the circumference upper mounting plate formula driving claw or the spike-tooth that it is characterized in that said earth backing press wheel (34), this is taken turns by its inboard fixed head (38) and is installed on the longeron (1), bevel-gear sett (36), (37) are housed, with the coaxial drive sprocket (35) that is equipped with of bevel gear (36) on the fixed head.

5. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said plough (18) can adopt sliding cutter type, and its afterbody should be able to clamp the rice shoot soil block, can install depth control shoe (47) on the sidewall of plough additional.

6. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said lodged plant putting upright device can adopt cam-and-to replace curved bar connecting rod, parallelogram lindage.

7. semi-automatic cup type rice seedling transplanter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said earth backing device both can be earth backing shovel (51) structure, also can adopt earth backing disk (11) structure, and its installation can be fixed or floating type.

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