CN2240230Y

CN2240230Y - Miniature ploughing machine

Info

Publication number: CN2240230Y
Application number: CN 94229774
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛星辉; 林茂生; 邓浪; 王映金; 周友根
Original assignee: CHUANBEI LANGZHONG Co DONGDU ENTERPRISE GENERAL Co SICHUAN PROV
Current assignee: CHUANBEI LANGZHONG Co DONGDU ENTERPRISE GENERAL Co SICHUAN PROV
Priority date: 1994-10-26
Filing date: 1994-10-26
Publication date: 1996-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2004-10-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniature tillage machine which adopts a 2 to 5KW diagonal engine. On one hand, motive power is conveyed to a master gear shaft of a cylindrical roller belt through a transmission mechanism to drive the tillage machine body to advance and impel a four-paddle plough which is arranged on the front-lower part of the tillage machine body to plow; on the other hand, the motive power drives two symmetrical tillage rototillers or ground breaking machines through rotary tillage shafts of an overloaded protect device to carry out rotary tillage or ground breaking. The utility model has the advantages of small size, flexible operation and transfer, low gravity center, good stability, convenient maintenance, easy manufacture and low cost, and the utility model is especially suitable for popularization and application in the mountain areas.

Description

Miniature tillage machine

The utility model relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, particularly a kind of miniature tillage machine.

Along with improving constantly of level of farming mechanization, agriculture harvesting and tillage machine tool has had bigger development.Various types of tractors are used widely in many areas.But present all kinds of tractor comprises that hand tractor all exists complex structure, deadweight and volume bigger, the price height, the defective that can not adapt to fritter field farming needs, especially in ungetable dark mound, mountain area, because of its flexibility relatively poor, shift inconvenience, be difficult to popularize.For a change this situation, people have carried out the development work of Miniature cultivator used on higher in recent years, as the disclosed Miniature cultivator used on higher of Chinese patent CN2111618u vertical or horizontal engine are placed the transmission case top, and give gearbox with transmission of power with V belt, the crawler belt master gear of its below given transmission of power by gearbox, the driving tiller moves, and carries out farming by the affixed monoblock type ploughshare of crawler belt disk casing front end.Though the Miniature cultivator used on higher of this structure has solved the problem of flexibility and convenient transfer, but its center of gravity height, poor stability, easily lodging, tractor driver's labour intensity is big, the plough cutting edge of a knife or a sword maintain and replace difficulty of rapid wear, fault rate height, maintenance price height, function singleness in addition, reasons such as the easy jam of crawler belt are difficult for applying.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of center of gravity low, and volume is little, and structure is tightly played, good stability, and flexible operation, fault is few, and is easy to maintenance, cheap miniature tillage machine.This machine is particularly suitable for dark mound, apply in the mountain area.

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technical proposals: it is made of operating mechanism, engine and power drive mechanism and harvesting and tillage machine structure.On operating mechanism comprises that an end activity is connected in before the gearbox body, its middle part is connected in the pair of armrests on the adjusting support bar that the middle part is provided with behind the gearbox body, branch is provided with clutch in addition and pinches let go handle and engine oil door handle on the handrail, the two links to each other with clutch or throttle respectively by pull bar, the back upper place of gearbox body is provided with the lug fork that is fixedly connected and connects ploughshare control stick and ploughshare control member, and gearbox body is provided with the break-in control stick; Power and transmission mechanism comprise and are installed on support that stretches out the preceding bottom of gearbox and the sloper that is provided with thereof, engine flywheel links to each other with the clutch outer member that is arranged in parallel by V belt, and links to each other with the gearbox power take-off by its friction plate platen spline.The gearbox power take-off links to each other by the caterpillar teeth wheel shaft sprocket of chain with its below on the one hand; gear of establishing in addition on the caterpillar teeth wheel shaft and the engagement of garden post roller shape plate crawler belt roller; the normal soldered tooth that is provided with of power take-off connects with rotary tillage shaft by overload protection arrangement on the other hand; rotary tillage shaft is connected with key with the rotary cultivator attachment or the soil breaking tool of two symmetrical distributions; the preceding lower end of body is provided with four leaves plough and ploughshare control member; four leaves ploughs on the one hand by eccentric rudder on the plowshoe be fixed in frame support and link to each other with ploughshare carriage on the crawler belt driven gear shaft, the lug that is provided with by ploughshare control member and gearbox back upper place is fixedly connected and pitches and the ploughshare action bars links to each other on the other hand.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is an overload protection arrangement cutaway view of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is four leaves plough of the present utility model and controlling organization rearview thereof;

Fig. 4 is the utility model cylinder roller shape plate crawler belt structural representation.

The utility model will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings below:

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model mainly contains control member, power and driving member and harvesting and tillage machine structure three parts are formed, control member comprises that an end is actively connected on the handrail 1 of a pair of symmetrical distribution of gearbox body 6 front upper places, the adjusting support bar that the middle part is provided with behind handrail middle part and the gearbox body links to each other, regulate support bar in order to regulate handrail height, one side handrail below is provided with clutch and pinches and let go 2, opposite side handrail top is provided with engine oil-valve operation handle 3, pinching the handle of letting go links to each other with clutch or engine throttle by pull bar respectively with control crank, be provided with a ploughshare action bars 4 in the gearbox body back upper place, the lug that the ploughshare action bars is provided with by the gearbox body back upper place fork that is fixedly connected links to each other with four leaf ploughshare controlling organizations, and gearbox body is provided with break-in control stick 5 and advances and retreat in order to the control body.Power and power drive mechanism comprise the sloper 10 on the support of being satisfied with to stretch out gearbox 6 preceding bottoms 11, the power of engine is good with 2-5KW, originally execute example and be 2.2KW inclined type air-cooled diesel engine, the flywheel 9 of engine links to each other with clutch 7 shells that are arranged in parallel with it by V belt 8, be meshed with gearbox power input shaft spline by friction plate in it and friction plate internal spline, through the transmission of gearbox internal gear slow down increase turn round after, power take-off is linked to each other by the chain driven gear of chain with its below by the chain driving gear which is provided with on the one hand, drive 21 rotations of track drive axle by the chain driven tooth again, the track drive axle be provided with track drive gear 20 and with garden post roller shape plate crawler belt dish 19 on roller engagement, crawler belt dish front end links to each other with driven gear, driven gear is positioned on the crawler belt follower shaft 16 through ball bearing, it is affixed that follower shaft and is regulated support plate 17, and it is affixed to regulate support plate and Support bracket 18.Gear diameter on the crawler belt follower shaft is that the 1/2-1/3 of the diameter of driving gear is advisable, and present embodiment is 11/25.Power take-off is meshed with the normal soldered tooth of rotary cultivator attachment overload protection arrangement by the normal soldered tooth which is provided with on the other hand.Overload protection arrangement is by casing 22, often form in conjunction with tooth 23, jackshaft 24, retaining tube 25, bearing 28, bearing block 27, back-up ring 31, clutch gear 30, rotary tillage shaft 32, overload clutch 29, limit spring 26 etc. as shown in Figure 2; its concrete connecting relation is to be set with bearing on the jackshaft; the normal soldered tooth of cover on the bearing, the back-up ring that overlaps on normal soldered tooth and the Bearing support axle.The retaining tube carries out axial location, prevents that left and right string is moving.Be sleeved on the casing both sides nut check on the jackshaft.Suit one sliding bearing on the rotary tillage shaft, interference suit clutch gear on the sliding bearing, normal soldered tooth engagement on clutch gear and the jackshaft, spline position cover overload clutch on the rotary tillage shaft, the front portion of overload clutch is the tooth embedding engagement on inclined-plane tooth embedding and the clutch gear, the back dress limit pre-pressing spring of overload clutch, the other end of spring withstands on the bearing inner race, there is a spacing back-up ring on the left side of sliding bearing, the another side of back-up ring withstands on the ball bearing inner ring, and the right of sliding bearing withstands on the step place at rotary tillage shaft spline position.Back-up ring and step have been placed restrictions on the axial displacement of clutch gear.Rolling bearing, bearing block, bearing block that symmetrical distribution is equipped with on the rotary tillage shaft both sides are fastened on the casing; The rotary cultivator attachment of symmetry is equipped with at the two ends of rotary tillage shaft, and circulator is overlapped by rotary tillage and upward is fastened with the rotary blade that distributes by helix with nut to be formed, and rotary tillage is sleeved on the rotary tillage shaft and prevents to radially slide with the key location, prevents axial displacement with nut check.The operation principle of overload protection arrangement and rotary tillage assembly is; the moment of torsion of engine output through clutch transmits behind gearbox; by the engagement of the normal soldered tooth on normal soldered tooth of gearbox power take-off and the overload protection jackshaft, the normal soldered tooth of jackshaft again with rotary tillage shaft on the engagement of tooth inserted tooth.This two-stage gear transmission all is the speedup transmission, and with rotary speed and the rotation torque requirement of satisfying rotary tillage shaft, general rotary tillage requires rotating speed very fast, and moment of torsion is little than ploughing, and because of rotary blade incision soil is shallow, the fast hack of rotating speed is better.The tooth embedding of tooth inserted tooth is meshed with the tooth embedding of overload clutch inclined-plane, passes to rotary tillage shaft through the internal spline of overload clutch, and rotary tillage shaft drives the rotary cultivator attachment rotation again.When ending rotary cultivator attachment work, rotary blade incision soil is dark excessively, and rotational resistance is excessive and damage gear, and the dress limit spring shields between overload clutch and casing.During work; the rotational resistance of rotary blade is reflected to the two tooth embedding positions of engagement; at this moment oppositely resistance increases; need clutch gear to increase moment of torsion; and the clutch gear moment of torsion can not increase when reaching certain position again, and this moment, the embedding of overload clutch tooth just produced the trend of a disengagement, when this trend power exceeds the pretightning force of limit spring; overload clutch just squeezes limit spring conversely; trend power constantly strengthens, and the tooth embedding increases along the shift position, inclined-plane, the continuous pressurized of spring; when inclined-plane tooth embedding breaks away from engagement; spring is subjected to maximum pressure, and power is cut off, and clutch gear dallies; reach protection gear tooth and tooth embedding and be not damaged, play overload protective function.Because of adopting inclined-plane tooth embedding, make power steadily soft in joint and cutting-off process simultaneously, prevent to impact.When harvesting and tillage machine carries out ploughing, need to take off rotary cultivator attachment from rotary tillage shaft, for ease of turning over the Mount Tai and guaranteeing the ploughing width, two soil breaking tools loading onto symmetrical distribution on rotary tillage shaft are good.Said soil breaking tool is one and goes up suit garden disc, and 6 jiaos of symmetry walking teeth are equipped with in the outer end of circular disc, presses on admittedly with bolt that the soil breaking tool axle connects with the rotary tillage shaft of overload protection arrangement with key on the soil breaking tool axle.

As shown in Figure 3, four leaf ploughshares and operating mechanism are made up of following member; Ploughshare 33 usefulness bolts are fixed on the plowshoe 35, the plowshoe back side is connected with eccentric plough rudder 36, plowshoe and triangle middle periods 37 spot welding on it are affixed, be welded with tilling depth restriction curved surface 34 on plough cutting edge of a knife or a sword and the plowshoe, triangle middle period and lobus sinister 38, right flank leaf 49, by ear seat 39,48 movable connections of latch, the middle part, the back side in middle period is connected with turns axle bed 40, middle period top is connected with two ear seats 46, and by pin barrel bolt 47 and 45 hinge joints of pin pipe, pin pipe middle part is connected with gusset piece 42 and crotch 41, a left side parallel with gusset piece, be connected with the key seat 43 of symmetrical parallel on the lobus dexter and by two u shapes pins 44 and connecting plate with a left side, in, lobus dexter links up, in order to the pendulum angle of restriction left and right sides leaf.The front portion that is fixed in the ploughshare carriage on frame support and the crawler belt driven gear shaft is provided with a garden axis hole, axis hole is provided with positioning screw hole, garden axis hole and eccentric rudder socket with the screw location, prevent that eccentric rudder from coming off, eccentric rudder can rotate in the hole, the ploughshare carriage is provided with a crossbeam, the center of crossbeam with pin with set aside plate and link to each other, when ploughshare is installed on the ploughshare carriage, it ploughs sharp point, eccentric rudder, body, should be in the same center line.The ploughshare operating mechanism is twisted together on one group of plate by the activity of latch ear seat by control stick 4, and return spring is equipped with in the middle and lower part of control stick, and the other end of spring is connected on the arm-rest frame back shaft.Dialling be twisted together lug in the gearbox body back upper place of plate activity is fixedly connected and sticks, there is the hole, garden of a symmetry on the both sides of dialling plate, the longitudinal tie 12 of symmetry is installed, the other end of pull bar is through connecing in the fork with its length of threaded adjustment and location of symmetry, the other end of joint fork is connected on the hole, garden of setting aside plate 13 and last group plate symmetry with pin, on set aside plate and pull bar and constitute a four-bar mechanism, there is hole, a garden center of setting aside plate, be twisted together on the crossbeam of ploughshare carriage with the pin activity, the dead ahead of setting aside plate is connected with turns axle 14 and limitting casing, turn the other end of axle and stretch into ploughshare and turn in the axle bed, the crotch on the ploughshare connecting plate is installed in the limitting casing can do move left and right.During work, handling the ploughshare control stick moves right, group plate is rotated around pin, left makes progress, and right-hand moving downward set aside plate by the pull bar drive and made corresponding sports, setting aside the preceding axle that turns of plate this moment swings to left by turning axle bed drive ploughshare, eccentric rudder is to right-hand rotation, and drive plough point leaves former center line and is offset certain position to the right, is beneficial to farming.The pin pipe of share back top rotates around latch, drive left and right leaf by the U-shaped pin and do lower-left, upper right swing, when crotch moves to the limitting casing dead-centre position, the right of connecting plate is along just in time withstanding on the pin pipe of lobus dexter, wing centre section upwarps 5-10 °, this moment, pin was managed, connecting plate U-shaped pin and left and right leaf constitute an approximate rigidity connected body, when the soil of being ploughed when ploughing the plow tail of point motion, owing to reversing with sidesway soil, upwarping of right flank speed up, when its center of gravity was left right flank, under gravity and inertia force effect, the soil upset fell.When operating the ploughshare action bars when move on the left side, its operation principle is identical, and the component movement direction is opposite.

The structure of cylinder roller shape plate crawler belt as shown in Figure 4, be that two Z type creeper treads 50 connect with cylindrical roller 51 via pins 52 of centre in the crawler belt, it between roller the space, its space just in time with drive, the driven tooth spacing matches, the outside of creeper tread is equidistant to be provided with L shaped attached plate, with anti-slip, improve adhesion property.

The operation principle of the utility model harvesting and tillage machine is, handrail control plough perfect square to adjust tilling depth, clutch handle and break-in action bars cooperate the walking of control machine or stop.The ploughshare action bars is adjusted ploughing and is made direction and turn over the upturned soil direction, and the adjustment of break-in bar is advanced or fallen back.Adopt sloper to place transmission case and ploughing device chien shih body center of gravity to descend, improve stability, reduce tractor driver's labour intensity, its power transmission process is, the moment of torsion of engine output, pass to normal convolution clutch housing through V belt is parallel, enter in the gearbox by the splined shaft of clutch friction plate the moment of torsion transmission, by gear transmission slow down increase turn round after, export from power take-off, be delivered to the caterpillar teeth wheel shaft through chain again, drive the post roller shape plate crawler belt walking of caterpillar teeth wheel drive garden, carry out farming.The normal soldered tooth of exporting when carrying out rotary tillage carries out speedup through the two-stage gear of overload protection arrangement and subtracts and pass to overload clutch after turning round and pass to rotary tillage shaft again, and the rotary blade that is passed to two symmetries by rotary tillage shaft carries out rotary tillage.When not needing rotary tillage, take off rotary cultivator attachment, change soil breaking tool.In ploughing simultaneously, soil breaking tool marks Yi Tiaogou with uncultivated land in advance, control tilling width and turn over upturned soil when ploughing again.

Important technological parameters of the present utility model is: ploughing efficient 0.05-0.1 hectare/time, rotary tillage efficient 0.3-0.5 hectare/hour, the maximum tilling depth 20cm of ploughing, the maximum tilling width 35cm of ploughing, the rotary tillage maximum is revolved dark 6cm, revolve width of cloth 100cm, power 2-5KW, rotating speed 2400-2600 rev/min, 60 ℃ of max. climb slope, maximum radius of turn 0.3m, complete machine weight 90kg.

From above-mentioned situation as can be known, the utility model good stability, volume is little, and from heavy and light, flexible operation is particularly suitable for farming of fritter field and ungetable mountain area and uses.Four leaves plough has guaranteed to turn over upturned soil and farming needs, and the plough cutting edge of a knife or a sword repair and replacement of rapid wear are convenient, and garden post roller type plate crawler belt is simple in structure, and running is steady, and reliable, desliming is good, has prevented phenomenons such as mud, stone card block up, and has reduced the fault generation.This utility model cost is low, about 2000 yuan every, is suitable in the vast rural area of China, and promote the use of in especially dark mound, mountain area.

Claims

1; a kind of miniature tillage machine; by control member; power and driving member and harvesting and tillage machine structure are formed; control member comprises that an end is connected in gearbox body; the pair of armrests 1 that the middle part links to each other with the adjusting support bar; be respectively equipped with and clutch on the handrail 1; engine throttle links to each other pinches and lets go 2 and throttle control handle 3; power and transmission mechanism comprise the engine 10 on the support 11 that stretches out gearbox 6 preceding bottoms; and clutch 7; gearbox 6 and driving member; it is characterized in that: power is the sloper of 2-5KW; the flywheel 9 of engine links to each other with clutch 7 shells that are arranged in parallel with it by V belt; be meshed with gearbox power input shaft spline by friction plate in it and friction plate internal spline; the output shaft of gearbox links to each other by the caterpillar teeth wheel shaft sprocket of chain with its below on the one hand; the crawler belt gear of establishing in addition on the caterpillar teeth wheel shaft 20 meshes with the roller of garden post roller shape plate crawler belt chain drum; the normal soldered tooth that is provided with of power take-off connects with rotary tillage shaft by overload protection arrangement on the other hand; rotary tillage shaft is connected with key with the rotary cultivator attachment or the soil breaking tool of two symmetrical distributions; the preceding lower end of body is provided with four leaves plough and ploughshare control member; four leaves ploughs on the one hand by eccentric rudder on the plowshoe be fixed in frame support and link to each other with ploughshare carriage on the crawler belt driven gear shaft, the lug that is provided with by ploughshare control member and gearbox back upper place is fixedly connected and pitches and the ploughshare action bars links to each other on the other hand.

2; according to the said miniature tillage machine of claim 1; it is characterized in that said overload protection arrangement; by casing 22; often in conjunction with tooth 23; jackshaft 24; retaining tube 25; bearing 28; bearing block 27; back-up ring 31; tooth gear 30; rotary tillage shaft 32; overload clutch 29; limit spring 26 compositions such as grade; its connecting relation is to be set with bearing on the jackshaft; the normal soldered tooth of suit on the bearing; normal in conjunction with the back-up ring that overlaps on tooth and the Bearing support axle; the retaining tube carries out axial location; middle axle sleeve and casing are affixed; suit one sliding bearing on the rotary tillage shaft; interference suit clutch gear on the sliding bearing; and with jackshaft on the engagement of normal soldered tooth; spline position suit overload clutch on the rotary tillage shaft; the front portion of overload clutch is the tooth embedding engagement on inclined-plane tooth embedding and the clutch gear; the limit pre-pressing spring is equipped with in the back of overload clutch; one end of spring withstands on the bearing inner race; there is a spacing back-up ring on one side of sliding bearing; the another side of back-up ring withstands on the ball bearing inner ring; the another side of sliding bearing withstands on the step place at rotary tillage shaft spline position, and the rolling bearing of symmetrical distribution is equipped with on the rotary tillage shaft both sides; bearing block; bearing block is fixed on the casing.

3, according to the said miniature tillage machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that said four leaf plow structures are fixed on the plowshoe 35 for plough cutting edge of a knife or a sword 33, the plowshoe back side is connected with eccentric plough rudder 36, triangle middle periods 37 means of spot welds on plowshoe and its top, the plough cutting edge of a knife or a sword and the plowshoe back side are connected with tilling depth restriction curved surface 34, middle period and lobus sinister 38, lobus dexter 49 flexibly connects, the middle part, the back side in middle period is connected with turns axle bed 40, top is connected with two ear seats 46, flexibly connect with pin pipe 45, pin pipe middle part is connected with gusset piece 42 and crotch 41, be connected with the key seat 43 of symmetrical parallel on the left and right sides leaf parallel with gusset piece and by pin and connecting plate with a left side, in, the right side links up.

4, according to the said little shape harvesting and tillage machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that said garden post roller type plate crawler belt has two Z-shaped creeper treads 50 to connect with middle cylinder roller 51 via pins 52, equidistantly outside the crawler belt be provided with L shaped attached plate.