CN220500478U - Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses battery package locking mechanism and electric vehicle, including locating electric vehicle's locking piece, driving piece and locating part, the locating part is connected with the driving piece, is provided with the cooperation piece on the battery package, and battery package detachably installs on electric vehicle; the battery pack and the locking piece are moved relatively in the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking piece is matched with the matching piece, the driving piece drives the limiting piece to move, so that the limiting piece acts on the matching piece and/or the battery pack to limit the matching piece and the locking piece to move relatively, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle. By adopting the structure, the battery pack is locked and unlocked through horizontal movement, and the battery replacement equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the vehicle, so that the flexibility and the applicability are improved; through car end drive locking and unblock, change electrical equipment need not to set up complicated release mechanism, simplifies structure and change electric flow, improves stability and efficiency.

Description

Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery replacement, and particularly relates to a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle.

Background

With the strong support of the country to new energy automobiles, electric heavy trucks gradually enter the market, and in order to increase the endurance mileage of electric vehicles in a short time, the power change of the electric vehicles becomes an increasingly important problem. In general, an electric vehicle is charged, but in a large-sized vehicle such as an electric truck, the battery capacity is large because of the weight and load, and therefore, it is necessary to wait a long time to charge and charge the electric vehicle, and commercial use of the electric truck is not utilized. Therefore, the electric vehicle can be supplemented by using the power exchanging mode, so that the use requirement is met, and the cruising mileage can be improved in a short time conveniently.

In the related art, an electric vehicle battery pack is usually installed at the bottom of a vehicle, a battery replacement device enters the bottom of the vehicle to replace a battery, and the vehicle is generally required to be lifted for a battery replacement operation, but for a large electric vehicle (such as an electric truck, particularly a heavy truck), the battery replacement device is difficult to enter the bottom of the vehicle to replace the battery pack due to the heavy weight and the heavy load of the large electric vehicle, and the structure of a chassis of the vehicle is complex. And the battery pack of the electric vehicle is generally fixed through parts such as bolts or buckles, and the corresponding unlocking mechanism is arranged on the battery replacement equipment to lock or unlock the battery pack, so that the structure and the function of the battery replacement equipment are complex, the battery replacement equipment is complex in driving control of the battery pack, difficult to operate in a limited operation space, relatively poor in replacement convenience, easy to break down and damage, relatively high in cost and relatively slow in replacement efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, which are used for solving at least one of the technical problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a battery pack locking mechanism, including locating locking piece, driving piece and the locating part of electric vehicle, the locating part with the driving piece is connected, is provided with the cooperation piece on the battery pack, battery pack detachably installs on electric vehicle; the battery pack and the locking piece are subjected to relative movement in the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking piece is matched with the matching piece, the driving piece drives the limiting piece to move, so that the limiting piece acts on the matching piece and/or the battery pack to limit the matching piece and the locking piece to move relatively, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle.

By adopting the structure, the lateral power conversion of the electric vehicle can be realized, the battery pack can be locked and unlocked through moving in the horizontal direction, the power conversion equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle does not need to be lifted, so that the flexibility and the applicability of the power conversion are improved; and the unlocking and locking of the battery pack are realized through the driving piece driving limiting piece on the electric vehicle, the battery pack is only required to be carried by the battery pack to move, a complex unlocking mechanism is not required to be arranged, the structure and the battery replacement flow of the battery pack are simplified, the battery pack is convenient to implement in a limited operation space, and the stability and the battery replacement efficiency of the battery pack are improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking member has a locking groove extending in a horizontal direction, and the mating member moves in or out of the locking groove in the horizontal direction; alternatively, the mating member has a locking groove extending in a horizontal direction, and the locking member is moved in or out of the locking groove in the horizontal direction.

By adopting the structure, the locking groove in the horizontal direction enables the battery pack to be locked and unlocked through moving in the horizontal direction, the power conversion equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, the flexibility and the applicability of power conversion are improved, the matching between the matching piece and the locking piece are simple, the matching operation is simple and convenient, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking groove and/or the battery pack is provided with a limiting part adapted to the limiting part, and the driving part drives the limiting part to move relative to the locking groove and/or the battery pack and to be in limiting fit with the limiting part, so as to limit the fitting part or the locking part from being separated from the locking groove.

By adopting the scheme, the limiting part can effectively prevent the matching piece or the locking piece from falling out of the locking groove, and the limiting part is simple in structure and convenient to set and has good economical efficiency while being limited reliably.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking element is connected to a longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle and extends in a horizontal direction parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal beam.

By adopting the structure, the locking piece is arranged on the longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle, the structure is firm and stable, the installation space of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle is favorably fully utilized, and the arrangement direction of the locking piece can be parallel or perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the longitudinal beam, so that the battery pack can be replaced by the battery replacement equipment along the length or width direction of the electric vehicle, and the requirements of different vehicle types or battery packs can be met.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, at least one end of the locking groove is provided with an opening, through which the locking element or the mating element enters the locking groove.

By adopting the scheme, the locking groove is provided with the opening, so that the locking piece or the matching piece can conveniently move in or out of the locking groove along the horizontal direction.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking groove adopts a monolithic structure or a segmented structure, and the locking piece or the matching piece correspondingly adopts a monolithic structure or a segmented structure; perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove, the two sides of the locking groove are closed or the one side of the locking groove is open.

By adopting the scheme, when the locking groove and the matching piece adopt an integral structure, the matching area between the locking groove and the matching piece is larger, the matching structure is more stable, the locking groove is sealed at two sides, so that the locking groove and the matching piece are more tightly matched, and the stability of the matching structure is improved; when the locking groove and the matching piece adopt the sectional structure, the required operation space can be shortened when the locking groove is matched with the matching piece, the matching of the locking groove and the matching piece is facilitated, the locking groove is opened on one side, the matching of the matching piece and the locking groove can be further facilitated, and the assembling and locking efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a plurality of locking grooves are provided, and a plurality of locking members or mating members are correspondingly provided, and a plurality of locking grooves are arranged in parallel.

In the scheme, through the corresponding cooperation between a plurality of locked grooves and a plurality of cooperation pieces, can promote the stability of connection structure between locking piece and the battery package greatly, directly lead to the risk that the battery package drops when avoiding appearing single locked groove and single cooperation piece to be connected to have a problem, and the cooperation between locked groove and the cooperation piece is more convenient with breaking away from, convenient maintenance.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the limiting member is a baffle plate disposed at the opening, and the baffle plate is driven by the driving member to move along a vertical direction relative to the locking groove so as to close or open the opening.

In the scheme, the baffle has a simple structure, and the mode of driving the baffle to shield the opening by adopting the driving piece is simple and efficient and has reliable shielding effect; in addition, the matching structure of the limiting piece and the driving piece is simple and compact, the installation space on the upper part of the locking piece can be fully utilized, and the processing is convenient, so that the cost is saved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a limiting hole is formed on one side of the locking piece or the mating piece, which faces the locking groove, a through hole corresponding to the limiting hole is formed on the side wall of the locking groove, and the through hole is the limiting part; the limiting part is a plugboard which is arranged corresponding to the through hole, and the plugboard moves relative to the through hole in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove under the driving of the driving part so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting hole.

In the scheme, the structure of the plugboard is simple, the plugboard penetrates through the through hole in the locking groove and stretches into the limiting hole of the matching piece, so that the accurate alignment of the locking piece and the matching piece can be realized, and the relative movement between the locking piece and the matching piece is limited, so that the firm locking of the battery pack is realized.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a limit groove is formed in the upper portion of the battery pack, and the limit groove is the limit portion; the limiting piece is a limiting block which is arranged corresponding to the limiting groove; the limiting block is driven by the driving piece to move relative to the limiting groove along the vertical direction so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting groove.

In the scheme, the setting mode of the limiting block and the limiting groove can fully utilize the installation space on the upper part of the locking piece, so that the space utilization rate is improved. And the limit groove has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and low use cost.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking groove adopts a sectional structure, multiple sections of the locking grooves are arranged in a row at intervals, and the locking piece or the matching piece correspondingly adopts a sectional structure; and a mounting gap is arranged between every two adjacent sections of the locking grooves, and the size of the mounting gap is not smaller than that of each section of the locking piece or the matching piece, so that the locking piece or the matching piece can enter and exit the mounting gap along the vertical direction.

In the scheme, the locking groove and the matching piece adopt a sectional structure, so that compared with the integral structure, the matching between the locking groove and the matching piece is more convenient, and the assembling efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, one end of the locking groove is provided with an opening, and the other end is provided with a buffer pad.

In the scheme, the arrangement of the buffer pad can prevent the matching piece and the sealing part of the end part of the locking groove from being collided to cause the damage of the matching piece and/or the locking groove, and the arrangement of the buffer pad can play a role in shock absorption and buffering in the running process of the vehicle, so that the matching piece and the sealing part of the end part of the locking groove are further prevented from being collided to cause the damage of the matching piece and/or the locking groove.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking groove has a groove wall adapted to the shape of the locking member or the mating member, and a lubricating member is provided between the groove wall and the locking member or the mating member outer wall, and the lubricating member includes at least one of a roller, a ball, and a slide roller provided on the groove wall.

By adopting the scheme, the matching precision between the locking groove and the matching piece can be improved by adapting the groove wall of the locking groove to the shape of the matching piece, so that the vibration and the relative movement between the fitting and the locking groove in the running process of the vehicle are reduced, and the stability of the matching structure between the matching piece and the locking groove is improved; the setting of lubricating piece then makes things convenient for the cooperation piece business turn over locked cooperation or unblock with the locked groove realization, is favorable to promoting assembly efficiency, avoids appearing the dead problem of cooperation piece and locked groove card.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the driving member includes at least one of a motor, a cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder.

The form of driving piece is unrestricted, can set up according to the demand in a flexible way, and cylinder, motor, pneumatic cylinder etc. can direct output rectilinear movement, and its reaction rate is fast, the rate of putting in place is high, the locking is reliable for the baffle can seal or open the opening fast and efficiently, is favorable to promoting assembly efficiency and then promotes and trades electric efficiency. When the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder is adopted, the driving is simple, the volume is small, the cost is lower, the occupation of the space of the electric vehicle is reduced, and the interference with surrounding structures is prevented. When an electric machine is employed, the battery of the electric vehicle can be directly utilized to provide electric power.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the battery pack locking mechanism as described above, and the battery pack is detachably mounted to the electric vehicle through the battery pack locking mechanism.

According to the electric vehicle, the battery pack can be locked and unlocked through horizontal movement, the battery replacement equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle does not need to be lifted, and the flexibility and applicability of battery replacement are improved; and the unlocking and locking of the battery pack are realized through the driving piece driving limiting piece on the electric vehicle, the battery pack is only required to be carried by the battery pack to move, a complex unlocking mechanism is not required to be arranged, the structure and the battery replacement flow of the battery pack are simplified, the battery pack is convenient to implement in a limited operation space, and the stability and the battery replacement efficiency of the battery pack are improved.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects obtained by the application are as follows:

according to the battery pack locking mechanism, the battery pack can be locked and unlocked through moving in the horizontal direction, the battery exchange equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle does not need to be lifted, and the flexibility and applicability of battery exchange are improved; and the unlocking and locking of the battery pack are realized through the driving piece driving limiting piece on the electric vehicle, the battery pack is only required to be carried by the battery pack to move, a complex unlocking mechanism is not required to be arranged, the structure and the battery replacement flow of the battery pack are simplified, the battery pack is convenient to implement in a limited operation space, and the stability and the battery replacement efficiency of the battery pack are improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack and a battery pack locking mechanism in embodiment 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking member and the limiting member in embodiment 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack and a battery pack locking mechanism in embodiment 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the locking member and the limiting member in embodiment 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the locking member and the limiting member in embodiment 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a mating structure of the battery pack and the stopper in embodiment 2;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mating structure of the battery pack and the stopper in embodiment 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking member and the limiting member in embodiment 3;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack in embodiment 3;

wherein,

1, a battery pack, 11 matching pieces, 111 limiting holes and 12 limiting grooves;

2 locking piece, 21 locking groove, 211 opening, 212 buffer piece, 22 through hole, 23 positioning block, 24 buffer cushion;

31 spacing piece, 32 driving piece, 33 baffle roof beam.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general concepts of the present application, a detailed description is provided below by way of example in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, first, the present application provides a battery pack locking mechanism, which includes a locking member 2, a driving member 32 and a limiting member 31 disposed on a body of an electric vehicle, wherein the limiting member 31 is connected with the driving member 32, a mating member 11 is disposed on the battery pack 1, and the battery pack 1 is detachably mounted on the electric vehicle; wherein, the relative movement in the horizontal direction occurs between the battery pack 1 and the locking piece 2, so that the battery pack 1 is switched between the unlocking position and the locking position; when the battery pack 1 is located at the locking position, the locking piece 2 is matched with the matching piece 11, the driving piece 32 drives the limiting piece 31 to move, so that the limiting piece 31 acts on the matching piece 11 and/or the battery pack 1 to limit the matching piece 11 and the locking piece 2 to move relatively, and the battery pack 1 is locked on the electric vehicle.

By adopting the battery pack locking mechanism, the electric vehicle can realize lateral power conversion, the battery pack 1 can realize locking and unlocking through horizontal movement, power conversion equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle does not need to be lifted, so that the flexibility and applicability of power conversion are improved; the limit piece 31 is driven by the driving piece 32 on the electric vehicle to unlock and lock the battery pack, and the battery pack is only required to be carried by the battery pack to move, so that a complex unlocking mechanism is not required to be arranged, the structure and the power conversion flow of the power conversion equipment are simplified, the implementation in a limited operation space is facilitated, compared with the traditional bottom power conversion mode, the equipment and the space required by power conversion are simpler and more convenient, the power conversion operation is quicker, and the stability and the power conversion efficiency of the power conversion equipment are improved; in addition, the above-mentioned cooperation simple structure between locking piece 2 and the battery package 1 is reliable and can further promote the stability of battery package 1 assembly structure through setting up of locating part 31 for on the electric vehicle of the firm assembly of battery package 1, it is convenient to maintain, use cost is low.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to 9, the locking member 2 has a locking groove 21 extending toward the electric vehicle in the horizontal direction, the locking groove 21 is provided in plurality, the engaging member 11 is provided in plurality corresponding to the locking groove 21, and the engaging member 11 can be inserted into the locking groove 21 to engage with the locking groove 21; the locking groove 21 and/or the battery pack 1 are/is provided with a limiting part adapted to the limiting part 31, and the limiting part 31 is connected with the locking part 2 and can move relative to the locking groove 21 and/or the battery pack 1 and be in limiting fit with the limiting part so as to limit the matched part 11 from being separated from the locking groove 21. By adopting the structure, the battery pack 1 is locked and unlocked by moving in the horizontal direction through the locking groove 21 in the horizontal direction, the power conversion equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, the flexibility and the applicability of power conversion are improved, the matching between the matching piece 11 and the locking piece 2 are simple, the matching operation is simple and convenient, and the power conversion efficiency is improved. The structure is simple in structure and convenient to process, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, through corresponding matching between the plurality of locking grooves 21 and the plurality of matching pieces 11, the stability of the connecting structure between the locking piece 2 and the battery pack 1 can be greatly improved, and the risk that the battery pack 1 falls off due to direct connection of a single locking groove 21 and a single matching piece 11 is avoided.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, with continued reference to fig. 1-9, the locking member 2 is connected to the longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle and extends in a horizontal direction towards the outside of the longitudinal beam, the locking groove 21 is closed at one end near the longitudinal beam, an opening 211 is provided at the end of the locking groove 21 remote from the longitudinal beam, and the fitting 11 enters the locking groove 21 through the opening 211.

By adopting the structure, the locking piece 2 is arranged on the longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle, has firm and stable structure, is beneficial to fully utilizing the installation space of the side part of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle, is beneficial to reducing the complexity of the chassis structure and improves the passing rate of the vehicle. Meanwhile, the arrangement direction of the locking piece 2 can be parallel to or perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the longitudinal beam, so that the battery pack 1 can be replaced by the battery replacement equipment along the length or width direction of the electric vehicle, and the requirements of different vehicle types or the battery packs 1 can be met. The locking groove 21 is provided with an opening, so that the locking piece 2 or the matching piece 11 can conveniently move in or out of the locking groove 21 along the horizontal direction, and the matching piece 11 can be limited in the movement of the locking groove 21 through the arrangement of the closed end of the locking groove 21, so that the locking device is simple in structure and reliable in limiting.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the closed end of the locking groove 21 is provided with a buffer member 212 toward the side of the mating member 11; the locking groove 21 has a groove wall adapted to the outer shape of the mating member 11, and a lubricating member is provided between the groove wall and the outer wall of the mating member 11. The arrangement of the buffer piece 212 can prevent the matching piece 11 and/or the locking groove 21 from being damaged due to the collision between the matching piece 11 and the closed part of the end part of the locking groove 21, and the arrangement of the buffer piece 212 can also play a role in damping and buffering during the running process of the vehicle, so that the matching piece 11 and/or the locking groove 21 are further prevented from being damaged due to the collision between the matching piece 11 and the closed part of the end part of the locking groove 21; meanwhile, the matching precision between the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 can be improved by adapting the groove wall of the locking groove 21 to the shape of the matching piece 11, so that the vibration and the relative movement between the fitting and the locking groove 21 in the running process of the vehicle are reduced, and the stability of the matching structure between the matching piece 11 and the locking groove 21 is improved; the setting of lubricating piece then makes things convenient for cooperation piece 11 business turn over locked groove 21 and locked groove 21 to realize locking cooperation or unblock, is favorable to promoting assembly efficiency, avoids appearing cooperation piece 11 and the dead problem of locked groove 21 card.

Preferably, the lubrication is a roller or ball or roller disposed on the groove wall. The roller or the ball or the roller has simple structure, convenient arrangement, good lubrication effect and good bearing capacity, and can ensure the bearing capacity of the locking groove 21 while ensuring the lubrication effect.

Preferably, the opening 211 has a guiding inclined surface, and the end of the matching piece 11 is provided with a matching inclined surface corresponding to the guiding inclined surface, so that the matching piece 11 can be conveniently matched with the locking groove 21 by being inserted into the locking groove 21 through the opening 211, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

It should be noted that, the structure and arrangement of the locking groove 21 and the mating member 11 are not limited in particular, and as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking groove 21 may have a monolithic structure or a segmented structure, and the locking member 2 or the mating member 11 may have a monolithic structure or a segmented structure, respectively; perpendicular to the direction of extension of the locking groove 21, the locking groove 21 is closed on both sides or open on one side. The following description will be made of the structure and arrangement of the locking groove 21 and the mating member 11 by way of several specific embodiments and examples:

embodiment one: the locking groove 21 adopts an integral structure, is perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove 21, and is closed at two sides or open at one side of the locking groove 21.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1-2, the locking groove 21 is in an integral structure, two sides of the locking groove 21 are closed, a plurality of locking grooves 21 are arranged in parallel along the extending direction of the locking piece 2, the limiting piece 31 is a baffle plate arranged at the opening 211, and the limiting part is the opening 211; the shutter is movable in a vertical direction relative to the lock groove 21 by the driving of the driving member 32 to close or open the opening 211. Specifically, the baffles are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the openings 211, the limiting piece 31 further comprises baffle beams 33, a plurality of baffles are respectively connected with the baffle beams 33, and the driving piece 32 is connected with the baffles in a matched manner through the baffle beams 33.

In the scheme, the baffle has a simple structure, and the mode of driving the baffle to shield the opening 211 by adopting the driving piece 32 is simple and efficient and has reliable shielding effect; in addition, the cooperation structure of the limiting piece 31 and the driving piece 32 is simple and compact, the installation space on the upper portion of the locking piece 2 can be fully utilized, the processing is convenient, the cost is saved, a plurality of baffles are connected together through the baffle beam 33, the stability of the whole limiting piece 31 structure can be improved, and the long-term stable limiting effect of the baffles is ensured.

Example 2: referring to fig. 3 to 6, the locking groove 21 is of a unitary structure; the plurality of locking grooves 21 are arranged in parallel, and two of the plurality of locking grooves 21 are in a group; the two locking grooves 21 in the group are opened far from the side wall of the other locking groove 21 at one side, the side wall close to the other locking groove 21 is provided with a through hole 22, and the through hole 22 is a limiting part; the limiting member 31 is a plugboard corresponding to the through hole 22, and the plugboard can move relative to the through hole 22 perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove 21 under the driving of the driving member 32 so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting hole 111.

Specifically, the plugboards are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 22, and the driving pieces 32 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plugboards; the hole edge of the through hole 22 is provided with a guide inclined plane, and the end part of the plugboard is provided with a matching inclined plane corresponding to the guide inclined plane.

In the above scheme, through the corresponding matching between the plurality of locking grooves 21 and the plurality of matching pieces 11, the stability of the connecting structure between the locking piece 2 and the battery pack 1 can be greatly improved, the risk that the battery pack 1 is directly caused to fall off when a single locking groove 21 is connected with a single matching piece 11 is avoided, and the matching and the separation between the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 are more convenient and maintenance is convenient; meanwhile, the structure of the plugboard is simple, the plugboard penetrates through the through hole 22 on the locking groove 21 and stretches into the limit hole 111 of the matching piece 11, so that the accurate alignment of the locking piece 2 and the matching piece 11 can be realized, and the relative movement between the locking piece 2 and the matching piece 11 is limited, so that the firm locking of the battery pack 1 is realized. Meanwhile, the driving piece 32 is adopted to drive the plugboard shielding opening 211, so that the method is simple and efficient and the shielding effect is reliable; in addition, the matching structure of the limiting piece 31 and the driving piece 32 is simple and compact, the installation space at the upper part of the locking piece 2 can be fully utilized, and the stability of the locking structure between the whole locking piece 2 and the battery pack 1 can be improved by arranging a plurality of plugboards and matching mechanisms of the through holes 22; the arrangement of the guide inclined plane and the matching inclined plane can facilitate the corresponding matching of the plugboard and the through hole 22, so that the matching efficiency is improved, and in addition, the structure is convenient to process and is beneficial to saving the cost.

Embodiment two: the locking groove 21 adopts a sectional structure, and is perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove 21, and both sides of the locking groove 21 are closed or one side is open.

Example 3: referring to fig. 7 to 9, a plurality of locking grooves 21 are arranged in parallel, the locking grooves 21 are of a sectional structure, the matching piece 11 is of a sectional structure correspondingly, and two sides of the locking grooves 21 are closed; a mounting gap is formed between each two adjacent lock grooves 21, and the size of the mounting gap is not smaller than the size of each section of the mating member 11 so that the mating member 11 can enter and exit the mounting gap in the vertical direction; the upper part of the battery pack 1 is provided with a limit groove 12, and the limit groove 12 is a limit part; the limiting member 31 is a limiting block corresponding to the limiting groove 12, and the limiting block can move relative to the limiting groove 12 in the vertical direction under the driving of the driving member 32 so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting groove 12.

In the above scheme, the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 adopt a segmented structure, so that the matching between the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 is more convenient than the matching between the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 adopting an integral structure, thereby being beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency; meanwhile, the matching structure of the limiting block and the limiting groove 12 is simple, the cost is low, and the limiting effect is reliable; in addition, the setting mode of stopper and spacing groove 12 can make full use of the installation space on locking piece 2 upper portion, promotes space utilization.

As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, one end of each locking groove 21 is provided with a positioning stop block 23, and a cushion pad 24 is arranged at the positioning stop block 23; the edge of the notch of the limiting groove 12 is provided with a guide inclined plane, and the limiting block is provided with a matching inclined plane which is matched with the guide inclined plane; the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves 12 can be arranged in a plurality, and the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the limiting member 31 further comprises a limiting plate, a plurality of limiting blocks are uniformly distributed at the lower part of the limiting plate, and the driving member 32 is connected with the limiting plate. The guide inclined plane and the matching inclined plane can facilitate the limit block to be inserted into the limit groove 12 along the vertical direction to be matched with the limit groove 12, so that the locking efficiency is improved; simultaneously, connect into a whole with a plurality of stoppers through the limiting plate to can make a plurality of stoppers even atress, prolong the life of stopper, and then be favorable to further promoting limit structure's between stopper and the spacing groove 12 stability.

It should be noted that the above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and the lock groove 21 and the assembly may have the structures shown in the above examples, or may have other different structures and arrangements, which are not specifically limited in this application.

It should also be noted that the driving member 32 is not limited to the above, and may be flexibly set according to requirements. In one example, the drive 32 may be a pneumatic cylinder or a motor or a hydraulic cylinder. The driving member 32 can directly output linear motion, and has the advantages of high response speed, high in-place rate and reliable locking, and is beneficial to improving the power conversion efficiency. When the driving member 32 adopts an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the driving member is simple in driving, small in size and low in cost, and is beneficial to reducing the space occupation of the electric vehicle and preventing interference with surrounding structures. Or it may be a motor, and when the driving member 32 is a motor, the battery of the electric vehicle may be directly used to provide electric energy, and of course, other driving members 32 or driving structures may be used.

By adopting the scheme, when the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 adopt an integral structure, the matching area between the locking groove 21 and the matching piece is larger, the matching structure is more stable, the locking groove 21 and the matching piece 11 can be matched more tightly due to the fact that the two sides of the locking groove 21 are closed, and the stability of the matching structure is improved; when the lock groove 21 and the matching piece 11 adopt the sectional structure, the operation space required when the lock groove 21 is matched with the matching piece 11 can be shortened, the matching of the lock groove 21 and the matching piece 11 is facilitated, the lock groove 21 is opened on one side, the matching of the matching piece 11 and the lock groove 21 can be further facilitated, and the assembly and locking efficiency are improved.

Further, the application provides an electric vehicle, including aforesaid battery package locking mechanism, battery package 1 is through this battery package locking mechanism detachable connection in electric vehicle's longeron middle part both sides. By adopting the battery pack locking mechanism, the electric vehicle in the application can realize locking and unlocking through the movement of the battery pack 1 in the horizontal direction, the battery replacement equipment does not need to enter the bottom of the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle does not need to be lifted, so that the flexibility and applicability of battery replacement are improved; and the unlocking and locking of the battery pack 1 are realized through the driving piece driving limiting piece on the electric vehicle, the power conversion equipment does not need to be provided with a complex unlocking mechanism, the structure and the power conversion flow of the power conversion equipment are simplified, the implementation in a limited operation space is facilitated, and the stability and the power conversion efficiency of the power conversion equipment are improved. And adopt above-mentioned structure, compare in current bottom and trade the electricity structure, be favorable to simplifying chassis structure, promote the vehicle rate of passing.

The non-mentioned places in the application can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (15)

1. The battery pack locking mechanism is characterized by comprising a locking piece, a driving piece and a limiting piece which are arranged on an electric vehicle, wherein the limiting piece is connected with the driving piece, a matching piece is arranged on a battery pack, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the electric vehicle; the battery pack and the locking piece are subjected to relative movement in the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking piece is matched with the matching piece, the driving piece drives the limiting piece to move, so that the limiting piece acts on the matching piece and/or the battery pack to limit the matching piece and the locking piece to move relatively, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle.

2. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein said locking member has a lock slot extending in a horizontal direction, said mating member moving in or out of said lock slot in a horizontal direction; alternatively, the mating member has a locking groove extending in a horizontal direction, and the locking member is moved in or out of the locking groove in the horizontal direction.

3. The battery pack locking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the locking groove and/or the battery pack is/are provided with a limiting portion adapted to the limiting member, and the driving member drives the limiting member to move relative to the locking groove and/or the battery pack and to be in limiting engagement with the limiting portion so as to limit the engagement member or the locking member from being disengaged from the locking groove.

4. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein said locking member is connected to a longitudinal beam of said electric vehicle and extends in a horizontal direction parallel or perpendicular to said longitudinal beam.

5. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein at least one end of said locking slot is provided with an opening through which said locking member or said mating member enters said locking slot.

6. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the locking slot is of an integral structure or a segmented structure, and the locking member or the mating member is of an integral structure or a segmented structure, respectively; perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove, the two sides of the locking groove are closed or the one side of the locking groove is open.

7. The battery pack locking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of the locking grooves are provided, a plurality of the locking members or the mating members are provided correspondingly, and a plurality of the locking grooves are provided in parallel.

8. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein said stopper is a shutter provided at said opening, said shutter being moved relative to said locking groove in a vertical direction by said driving member to close or open said opening.

9. The battery pack locking mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein a limit hole is provided at a side of the locking member or the mating member facing the locking groove, a through hole corresponding to the limit hole is provided at a side wall of the locking groove, and the through hole is the limit part; the limiting part is a plugboard which is arranged corresponding to the through hole, and the plugboard moves relative to the through hole in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking groove under the driving of the driving part so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting hole.

10. The battery pack locking mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein the battery pack is provided with a limit groove, and the limit groove is the limit part; the limiting piece is a limiting block which is arranged corresponding to the limiting groove; the limiting block is driven by the driving piece to move relative to the limiting groove along the vertical direction so as to extend into or withdraw from the limiting groove.

11. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein the locking groove adopts a segmented structure, a plurality of segments of the locking groove are arranged in a row at intervals, and the locking piece or the matching piece correspondingly adopts a segmented structure; and a mounting gap is arranged between every two adjacent sections of the locking grooves, and the size of the mounting gap is not smaller than that of each section of the locking piece or the matching piece, so that the locking piece or the matching piece can enter and exit the mounting gap along the vertical direction.

12. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein said locking slot is provided with an opening at one end and a bumper pad at the other end.

13. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein said locking groove has a groove wall conforming to the shape of said locking member or said mating member, and a lubricating member is provided between said groove wall and said locking member or said mating member outer wall, said lubricating member including at least one of a roller, a ball, and a slide roller provided on said groove wall.

14. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein said drive member comprises at least one of a motor, a cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder.

15. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack locking mechanism of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the battery pack is detachably mounted to the electric vehicle by the battery pack locking mechanism.