CN220147124U - Quick-change bracket and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick-change bracket and an electric vehicle, wherein the quick-change bracket is arranged on two sides of a longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle and extends towards the outer side of the longitudinal beam along the horizontal direction, the quick-change bracket comprises an assembling part extending along the width direction or the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the assembling part is used for being matched with a matching part of a battery pack so as to enable the battery pack to move relative to the quick-change bracket along the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; the locking piece can move relative to the battery pack when the battery pack is in the locking position and is in locking fit with the locking part so as to lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle. By adopting the scheme, lateral power conversion can be realized, compared with the existing bottom power conversion mode, the operation space can be saved, the power conversion difficulty is reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved; the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are simple in assembly mode, and the battery pack is reliably locked through the arrangement of the locking piece, so that the battery replacement efficiency is further improved.

Description

Quick-change bracket and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile power conversion, and particularly relates to a quick-change bracket and an electric vehicle.

Background

The current power supply mode of electric automobile mainly includes direct-charging and quick change formula and trades the electricity, and quick change formula trades the electricity and adopts the mode of battery package demountable installation generally to carry out quick replacement, namely: the replaced battery pack is charged (typically in a battery exchange station) and other battery packs storing electricity are mounted to the vehicle body.

For large vehicles (e.g., trucks, particularly heavy trucks), the battery pack is required to have more capacity due to its higher dead weight and load, which makes the battery pack larger in volume and weight. The battery pack taken down from the battery-exchanging vehicle needs to be transferred from the battery-exchanging device to the battery-exchanging station, and the battery pack is temporarily charged and then used. However, the existing battery pack of the electric vehicle is usually installed at the bottom of the vehicle, when the battery pack is subjected to power conversion operation, the battery pack needs to enter the bottom of the vehicle by using an operation pit or the like or the vehicle is lifted to be subjected to power conversion operation, so that the power conversion step is complicated, the power conversion efficiency is low, and the structure of the battery pack connected to the chassis of the vehicle can also lead to the complex structure of the chassis of the vehicle, so that the possibility of influencing the passing rate of the vehicle exists.

It follows that there are numerous drawbacks of the prior art that further improvements and enhancements are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a quick-change bracket and an electric vehicle, which aim to solve at least one of the technical problems.

In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a quick-change bracket for mounting a battery pack to an electric vehicle, the quick-change bracket being disposed on both sides of a side member of the electric vehicle and extending in a horizontal direction toward an outer side of the side member; the quick-change bracket comprises an assembling part extending along the width direction or the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the battery pack is provided with a matching part matched with the assembling part, and the assembling part is used for being matched with the matching part so as to enable the battery pack to move relative to the quick-change bracket along the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; the quick-change bracket further comprises a locking piece, when the battery pack is in a locking position, the locking piece can move relative to the battery pack perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack and is in locking fit with the locking part of the battery pack so as to limit the battery pack to move relative to the quick-change bracket, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle.

By adopting the scheme, lateral power conversion can be realized, compared with the existing bottom power conversion mode, the operation space can be saved, the power conversion difficulty is reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved; the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are simple in assembly mode, and the battery pack is reliably locked through the arrangement of the locking piece, so that the battery replacement efficiency is further improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, one of the fitting portion and the engaging portion is a guide rail, and the other is a fitting groove provided corresponding to the guide rail; and/or the assembly parts are arranged in a plurality, and the assembly parts extend along the width direction of the longitudinal beam and are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

In the scheme, the matching structure between the assembling part and the matching part penetrates through the whole battery pack along the moving direction of the battery pack, and the matching area between the assembling part and the matching part can be enlarged by adopting the structure, so that the stability and the loading capacity of the connecting structure between the assembling part and the matching part are ensured, and the battery pack is prevented from falling; meanwhile, by adopting the structure, the battery pack is convenient to realize lateral power exchange by matching with the quick-change bracket from lateral direction; the battery pack and the quick-change bracket can be effectively prevented from moving relatively through the matching of the locking piece and the locking part, and the stability of the battery pack locking structure is further improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the plurality of fitting portions includes two side fitting portions, and the two side fitting portions are provided on both sides of the quick-change bracket in a longitudinal direction of the side member; preferably, the side assembly part is a side guide rail, the side guide rail comprises a vertical part and a horizontal part which are connected with each other, and one end of the horizontal part far away from the vertical part is provided with a protrusion extending along the vertical direction.

In the scheme, the weight of the battery pack is shared through the two side guide rails, the stability of the connecting structure between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is guaranteed, the guide rails and the assembly groove are simple in structure, low in processing cost and easy to maintain, meanwhile, the matching structure between the guide rails and the assembly groove is compact, the size in the vertical direction is smaller, the miniaturization of the battery pack locking structure is facilitated, and the influence on the passing rate of vehicles due to the overlarge vertical size is avoided.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the plurality of fitting parts further includes a middle fitting part provided at a middle part of the quick-change bracket; preferably, the middle assembly part is a middle guide rail, and the section of the middle guide rail is I-shaped.

In the scheme, the weight of the battery pack can be effectively shared through the side guide rails and the middle guide rails which are uniformly distributed, and the stability of the connecting structure between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is improved; and adopt above-mentioned structure, can make things convenient for the location cooperation of guide rail and assembly groove, and make the cooperation area between the two bigger, the cooperation is inseparabler, avoids vehicle vibrations to lead to guide rail and assembly groove to break away from.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the fitting groove has a shape corresponding to the guide rail; and the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the assembly groove are provided with a lubricating piece.

By adopting the scheme, the assembly groove has a shape which is matched with the guide rail, so that the vibration space of the guide rail in the assembly groove is smaller, the assembly of the guide rail and the assembly groove is tighter, and the guide rail is prevented from being separated from the assembly groove due to vehicle vibration; the arrangement of the lubricating piece is favorable for the quick matching of the assembly groove and the guide rail, so that the problem that the battery pack is difficult to assemble and disassemble and replace due to the clamping of the guide rail and the assembly groove is avoided, and the influence on the electricity exchanging efficiency is avoided.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the lubricant is a roller or a ball or a roller provided on the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the fitting groove; alternatively, the guide rail has a smooth surface, the fitting groove has a smooth inner surface, and the lubricant is a lubricating grease provided between the guide rail and the fitting groove.

In the scheme, the lubricating grease is more convenient to set, but is influenced by the running environment of the vehicle, and the problems of leakage, air drying, solidification, mixing of external impurities and the like possibly exist in the simple use of the lubricating grease to influence the lubricating effect; the roller or the ball or the roller has simple structure, convenient arrangement, good lubrication effect and good bearing capacity, and can ensure the bearing capacity of the locking groove while ensuring the lubrication effect.

As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the fitting groove is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

In the scheme, the surface of the guide rail and the roughness of the inner wall of the assembly groove in the long-term use process can be prevented from being increased through the arrangement of the wear-resistant coating, and the matching efficiency between the guide rail and the assembly groove is prevented from being influenced.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, one or more locking members are provided, and the locking portions are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the locking members; the locking pieces are oppositely arranged at two sides of the quick-change bracket and/or the middle part of the quick-change bracket along the length direction of the longitudinal beam; the locking piece can move relative to the locking part along the horizontal direction and/or the vertical direction to extend into the locking part to be in locking fit with the locking part, wherein the locking piece is perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack.

In the scheme, the locking piece adopts the arrangement mode, so that the installation space on the quick-change bracket and/or the battery pack can be fully utilized, and the complex structure of the vehicle chassis is avoided; meanwhile, in the scheme, the locking structure between the locking piece and the locking part is simple, the locking and unlocking are convenient, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the locking part is a locking groove, and the locking member includes a locking tongue corresponding to the locking groove and a driving member connected to the locking tongue for driving the locking tongue to move relative to the locking groove; the driving piece is connected with the quick-change bracket, and is arranged on the outer side of the assembly part and/or the middle part of the quick-change bracket along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

By adopting the scheme, on one hand, the installation space on the quick-change bracket can be fully utilized, and on the other hand, the stability of the locking structure can be improved through the cooperation between the locking pieces and the locking parts. And through setting up the driving piece can improve the cooperation efficiency between spring bolt and the locked groove to can promote the locking/unblock efficiency between battery package and the quick change support, also can ensure simultaneously that the locking is reliable between battery package and the quick change support, avoid the spring bolt to drop from the locked groove.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the lock tongue is an electromagnetic bolt, and the driving member is an electromagnetic driving seat adapted to the electromagnetic bolt; or the lock tongue is a mechanical lock block, and the driving piece is a spring or a motor or a driving cylinder which is in transmission fit with the mechanical lock block.

In the scheme, the matching structure between the electromagnetic bolt and the electromagnetic driving seat and the matching structure between the mechanical lock tongue and the spring or the motor or the driving cylinder are simple and compact, and the arrangement is convenient; the electromagnetic bolt and the electromagnetic driving seat are adopted, so that the reaction is rapid, and the energy consumption is low; the mechanical lock tongue and the spring or the motor or the driving cylinder have the advantages of low cost, convenient maintenance and reliable locking.

As a preferable embodiment of the utility model, a limit part is arranged at one end of the assembly groove, which is close to the longitudinal beam, and a butt part corresponding to the limit part is arranged at one end of the guide rail, which is close to the longitudinal beam; when the propping part is propped and matched with the limiting part, the battery pack reaches the locking position.

In the scheme, the positioning cooperation between the guide rail and the assembly groove can be realized through the cooperation of the limiting part and the propping part, the positioning cooperation of the locking part and the locking piece is also facilitated, whether the battery pack is installed at the locking position or not can be judged rapidly through the structure, and the locking efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a cushion pad is provided on a side of the stopper facing the abutment portion and/or a side of the abutment portion facing the stopper.

By adopting the structure, the guide rail and/or the assembly groove is/are damaged due to the collision of the supporting part and the limiting part through the buffer pad, and the buffer pad can play a role in damping and buffering in the running process of the vehicle, so that the guide rail and/or the assembly groove is/are further prevented from being damaged due to the collision of the guide rail and the assembly groove.

In a second aspect, the present utility model provides an electric vehicle comprising a quick-change bracket as described above and a battery pack detachably mounted on the quick-change bracket, the battery pack being movable in a horizontal direction relative to the quick-change bracket to switch the battery pack between an unlocked position and a locked position.

By adopting the scheme, lateral power conversion of the electric vehicle can be realized, compared with the existing bottom power conversion mode, the operation space can be saved, the power conversion difficulty is reduced, the power conversion efficiency is improved, the vehicle power conversion time is saved, and better vehicle use experience is brought to a user.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the lower part of the quick-change bracket has the fitting portion, the top of the battery pack has a fitting portion adapted to the fitting portion, and the fitting portion is movable relative to and is fittingly connected with the fitting portion in the moving direction of the battery pack.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the engaging portion includes a middle engaging portion and/or a side engaging portion; the middle part matching parts are arranged in the middle of the battery pack along the length direction of the battery pack, and the side part matching parts are arranged on two sides of the battery pack.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can promote the assembly efficiency of battery package greatly when guaranteeing that battery package mounting structure is reliable and stable, and then be favorable to promoting the efficiency of changing the electricity. Compared with the existing bottom electricity exchanging structure, the bottom electricity exchanging structure is beneficial to simplifying the chassis structure, improving the vehicle passing rate, greatly simplifying electricity exchanging operation, reducing electricity exchanging difficulty and improving electricity exchanging efficiency.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: compared with the existing bottom power conversion mode, the scheme is beneficial to simplifying the chassis structure, improving the vehicle passing rate so that the vehicle obtains better terrain adaptability, and meanwhile, the power conversion work of the vehicles such as the electric heavy truck is more efficient, so that the power conversion time of the large-sized electric vehicles such as the electric heavy truck is reduced, the utilization rate and economic benefits of the vehicles are improved, and better vehicle use experience is brought to users.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a partial mating structure of a quick-change bracket, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a partial mating structure of the quick-change bracket, battery pack, and electric vehicle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the quick-change bracket and the battery pack;

FIG. 4 is a partial mating block diagram of a quick-change bracket, battery pack, and electric vehicle;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the mating structure of the battery pack and the locking member;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part B of fig. 6.

Wherein:

1, a longitudinal beam;

2 quick-change brackets, 211 side guide rails, 212 middle guide rails, 213 bulges, 22 locking pieces, 221 lock bolts and 222 driving pieces;

3 battery pack, 31 mating part, 32 locking groove.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present utility model discloses a quick-change bracket 2 and an electric vehicle to which the quick-change bracket 2 is applied. The quick-change brackets 2 are arranged on two sides of a longitudinal beam 1 of the electric vehicle and extend towards the outer side of the longitudinal beam 1 along the horizontal direction, the battery pack 3 is detachably assembled on the quick-change brackets 2, and the battery pack 3 can move relative to the quick-change brackets 2 along the horizontal direction so that the battery pack 3 can be switched between an unlocking position and a locking position; the battery pack 3 is provided with a locking part, when the battery pack 3 is at the locking position, the locking part 22 can move relative to the battery pack 3 perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack 3 and is in locking fit with the locking part of the battery pack 3 so as to limit the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 to move relatively, so that the battery pack 3 is locked on the electric vehicle.

Further, referring to fig. 1, in one example, the quick-change bracket 2 has an fitting portion extending in the width direction of the side member 1, and the battery pack 3 has an engaging portion 31 that is adapted to the fitting portion; the engaging portion 31 is movable relative to and engaged with the fitting portion in the moving direction of the battery pack 3 to switch the battery pack 3 between the unlocking position and the locking position; the locking piece 22 is movable relative to the battery pack 3 to be locked in engagement with the locking portion, perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the fitting portion and the engaging portion 31.

By adopting the scheme, the assembly efficiency of the battery pack 3 can be greatly improved while the mounting structure of the battery pack 3 is stable and reliable, and further the power conversion efficiency is improved. By adopting the structure, lateral power conversion can be realized, and compared with the existing bottom power conversion mode, the operation space can be saved, the power conversion difficulty is reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved; the assembly mode between the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 is simple, the locking piece 22 is arranged to lock reliably, and the power conversion efficiency is further improved.

In this embodiment, the assembly portion is provided with a plurality of, and a plurality of assembly portions extend along the width direction of longeron 1 and evenly arrange along the length direction of longeron 1, through the weight of a plurality of assembly portion load cell package 3, guarantee the stability of connection structure between cell package 3 and quick change support 2. Here, the extending direction of the fitting portion is not particularly limited, and in other examples, the fitting portion may extend in the longitudinal direction of the side member 1 and be uniformly arranged in the width direction of the side member 1.

Specifically, one of the fitting portion and the fitting portion 31 is a guide rail, and the other is a fitting groove provided corresponding to the guide rail. Preferably, the guide rails and the assembly grooves are all provided in plurality, and the guide rails and the assembly grooves are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the battery pack 3.

In the above scheme, the matching structure between the assembling portion and the matching portion 31 penetrates through the whole battery pack 3 along the moving direction of the battery pack 3, and the matching area between the assembling portion and the matching portion 31 can be enlarged by adopting the structure, so that the stability and the loading capacity of the connecting structure between the assembling portion and the matching portion are ensured, and the battery pack 3 is prevented from falling; meanwhile, by adopting the structure, the battery pack 3 is convenient to realize lateral power exchange by being matched with the quick-change bracket 2 from the lateral direction; the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 can be effectively prevented from moving relatively through the matching of the locking piece 22 and the locking part, and the stability of the locking structure of the battery pack 3 is further improved. And the structure of guide rail and assembly groove is simple, low in processing cost and easy to maintain, simultaneously, the cooperation compact structure between guide rail and the assembly groove, vertical direction size is less, is favorable to this miniaturization of battery package 3 locking structure, avoids vertical size too big influence the rate of passing through of vehicle.

In one example, referring to fig. 2, the assembly part includes two side rails 211, and the two side rails 211 are provided at both sides of the quick-change bracket 2 or the battery pack 3 along the length direction of the side member 1; the side rail 211 includes a vertical portion and a horizontal portion connected to each other, and an end of the horizontal portion remote from the vertical portion has a protrusion 213 extending in a vertical direction. The weight of the battery pack 3 is shared through the two side guide rails 211, the stability of the connecting structure between the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 is guaranteed, the guide rails and the assembly groove are simple in structure, low in processing cost and easy to maintain, meanwhile, the matching structure between the guide rails and the assembly groove is compact, the size in the vertical direction is smaller, the miniaturization of the battery pack locking structure is facilitated, and the influence on the passing rate of vehicles due to the overlarge vertical size is avoided.

Preferably, the assembly part further includes a middle guide rail 212, and the middle guide rail 212 is disposed at the middle of the quick-change bracket 2 or the battery pack 3, and has an i-shaped cross section. Preferably, the aforementioned middle guide rail 212 and side guide rail 211 are both disposed at the bottom of the quick-change bracket 2 and are disposed along the vertical direction, the assembly groove is correspondingly disposed at the top of the battery pack 3, the middle position of the battery pack 3 is provided with a middle assembly groove corresponding to the middle guide rail 212, two sides of the battery pack 3 are provided with side assembly grooves corresponding to the side guide rail 211, and the assembly grooves have shapes corresponding to the guide rails. In the above scheme, the weight of the battery pack 3 can be effectively shared by the side guide rails 211 and the middle guide rail 212 which are uniformly arranged, so that the stability of the connecting structure between the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 is improved; and adopt above-mentioned structure, can make things convenient for the location cooperation of guide rail and assembly groove, and make the cooperation area between the two bigger, the cooperation is inseparabler for thereby the vibrations space of guide rail in the assembly inslot portion is less, thereby avoids vehicle vibrations to lead to guide rail and assembly groove to break away from.

It should be noted that the shapes and structures of the guide rails and the assembly grooves shown in fig. 3 and 4 are only one preferred example of the present utility model, and the shapes and structures of fig. 3 and 4 may be adopted, or other different shapes and structures may be adopted, which is not particularly limited in the present utility model.

As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the fitting groove is provided with a lubricant. The arrangement of the lubricating piece is favorable for the quick matching of the assembly groove and the guide rail, so that the battery pack 3 is prevented from being difficult to assemble and disassemble and replace due to the clamping of the guide rail and the assembly groove, and the influence on the electricity exchanging efficiency is avoided. In one example, the lubricating piece is a roller or a ball or a sliding roller arranged on the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the assembly groove, the roller or the ball or the sliding roller has simple structure, convenient arrangement, good lubricating effect and good bearing capacity, ensures the bearing capacity of the locking groove 32 while ensuring the lubricating effect, and is firm and durable; in another example, the guide rail has a smooth surface, the assembly groove has a smooth inner surface, the lubricating piece is lubricating grease arranged between the guide rail and the assembly groove, the lubricating grease is more convenient to arrange, but the lubricating grease is influenced by the running environment of a vehicle, and the lubricating effect is influenced by the problems of leakage, air drying, solidification, mixing of external impurities and the like of the lubricating grease which are possibly caused by the simple use of the lubricating grease, so that the state of the lubricating grease needs to be frequently checked for replenishment or cleaning and replacement.

As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the assembly groove, the surface of the roller or the ball or the runner are provided with a wear-resistant coating. The surface roughness of the guide rail, the inner wall of the assembly groove, the roller or the ball or the roller in the long-term use process can be prevented from increasing to influence the matching efficiency between the guide rail and the assembly groove through the arrangement of the wear-resistant coating.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, one or more locking members 22 are provided, and locking portions are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the locking members 22; the locking pieces 22 are oppositely arranged at two sides of the quick-change bracket 2 and/or the middle part of the quick-change bracket 2 along the length direction of the battery pack 3, and the locking parts are oppositely arranged at the side parts of the battery pack 3 and/or the middle part of the battery pack 3; the locking member 22 is movable relative to the locking portion in a horizontal direction and/or a vertical direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack 3 to extend into the locking portion to be in locking engagement with the locking portion. In the above scheme, the locking piece 22 adopts the above arrangement mode, so that the installation space on the quick-change bracket 2 and/or the battery pack 3 can be fully utilized, and the complex structure of the chassis of the vehicle is avoided; meanwhile, in the scheme, the locking structure between the locking piece 22 and the locking part is simple, and the locking and unlocking are convenient, so that the power conversion efficiency is improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the locking portion is a locking groove 32, and referring to fig. 4 and 5, the locking member 22 includes a locking tongue 221 corresponding to the locking groove 32 and a driving member 222 connected to the locking tongue 221 for driving the locking tongue 221 to move relative to the locking groove 32; the driving member 222 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2, and the driving member 222 is disposed at the outer side of the assembly portion and/or at the middle of the quick-change bracket 2 in the length direction of the battery pack 3. With this structure, on the one hand, the installation space on the quick-change bracket 2 can be fully utilized, and on the other hand, the stability of the locking structure can be improved by the cooperation between the plurality of locking pieces 22 and the locking portions. And through setting up driving piece 222 can improve the cooperation efficiency between spring bolt 221 and the locked groove 32 to can promote the locking/unblock efficiency between battery package 3 and the quick change support 2, also can ensure simultaneously that the locking is reliable between battery package 3 and the quick change support 2, avoid spring bolt 221 to drop from locked groove 32.

Preferably, the lock tongue 221 is an electromagnetic bolt, and the driving piece 222 is an electromagnetic driving seat matched with the electromagnetic bolt; alternatively, the lock tongue 221 is a mechanical lock block, and the driving member 222 is a spring or a motor or a driving cylinder in driving fit with the mechanical lock block. In the above scheme, the matching structure between the electromagnetic bolt and the electromagnetic driving seat and the matching structure between the mechanical lock tongue 221 and the spring or the motor or the driving cylinder are simple and compact, and the arrangement is convenient; the electromagnetic bolt and the electromagnetic driving seat are adopted, so that the reaction is rapid, and the energy consumption is low; the mechanical lock tongue 221 and the spring or the motor or the driving cylinder have the advantages of low cost, convenient maintenance and reliable locking.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a limit part is provided at one end of the assembly groove near the longitudinal beam 1, and a butt part corresponding to the limit part is provided at one end of the guide rail near the longitudinal beam 1; when the abutment portion is in abutment engagement with the stopper portion, the battery pack 3 reaches the lock position. Preferably, a cushion pad is arranged on one side of the limiting part facing the propping part. The positioning cooperation between the guide rail and the assembly groove can be realized through the cooperation of the limiting part and the propping part, the positioning cooperation of the locking part and the locking piece 22 is also facilitated, whether the battery pack 3 is installed at the locking position or not can be judged rapidly through the structure, and the locking efficiency is improved. The arrangement of the buffer pad can avoid the damage to the guide rail and/or the assembly groove caused by the collision between the supporting top and the limiting part, and the buffer pad can play a role in damping and buffering in the running process of the vehicle, so that the damage to the guide rail and/or the assembly groove caused by the collision between the guide rail and the assembly groove is further avoided.

The adoption of the scheme is beneficial to simplifying the chassis structure, improving the vehicle passing rate so as to enable the vehicle to obtain better terrain adaptability, and simultaneously enabling the power exchanging work of the vehicles such as the electric heavy truck to be more efficient, thereby being beneficial to reducing the power exchanging time of the large-sized electric vehicle such as the electric heavy truck, improving the utilization rate and economic benefit of the vehicle and bringing better vehicle using experience for users.

The utility model can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art at the places which are not described in the utility model.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Various modifications and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (17)

1. A quick-change bracket for mounting a battery pack to an electric vehicle, characterized in that the quick-change bracket is provided on both sides of a side member of the electric vehicle and extends in a horizontal direction toward the outside of the side member;

the quick-change bracket comprises an assembling part extending along the width direction or the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the battery pack is provided with a matching part matched with the assembling part, and the assembling part is used for being matched with the matching part so as to enable the battery pack to move relative to the quick-change bracket along the horizontal direction, so that the battery pack is switched between an unlocking position and a locking position;

the quick-change bracket further comprises a locking piece, when the battery pack is in a locking position, the locking piece can move relative to the battery pack perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack and is in locking fit with the locking part of the battery pack so as to limit the battery pack to move relative to the quick-change bracket, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle.

2. The quick-change bracket according to claim 1, wherein one of the fitting portion and the engaging portion is a guide rail, and the other is a fitting groove provided corresponding to the guide rail; and/or the assembly parts are arranged in a plurality, and the assembly parts extend along the width direction of the longitudinal beam and are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

3. The quick-change bracket of claim 2, wherein the plurality of fitting portions includes two side fitting portions, the two side fitting portions being provided on both sides of the quick-change bracket in a longitudinal direction of the side member.

4. A quick-change bracket according to claim 3, wherein the side fitting portion is a side guide rail including a vertical portion and a horizontal portion connected to each other, and an end of the horizontal portion remote from the vertical portion has a projection extending in a vertical direction.

5. A quick-change bracket according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of fitting parts further comprises a middle fitting part provided in the middle of the quick-change bracket.

6. The quick-change bracket of claim 5, wherein the middle assembly portion is a middle rail having an i-shaped cross-section.

7. The quick-change bracket of claim 2, wherein the mounting groove has a shape conforming to the guide rail; and the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the assembly groove are provided with a lubricating piece.

8. The quick-change bracket according to claim 7, wherein the lubricating member is a roller or a ball or a slide roller provided on the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the fitting groove;

alternatively, the guide rail has a smooth surface, the fitting groove has a smooth inner surface, and the lubricant is a lubricating grease provided between the guide rail and the fitting groove.

9. A quick-change bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the guide rail and/or the inner wall of the fitting groove is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

10. The quick-change bracket according to claim 1, wherein one or more locking pieces are provided, and the locking parts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the locking pieces; the locking pieces are oppositely arranged at two sides of the quick-change bracket and/or the middle part of the quick-change bracket along the length direction of the longitudinal beam; the locking piece can move relative to the locking part along the horizontal direction and/or the vertical direction to extend into the locking part to be in locking fit with the locking part, wherein the locking piece is perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery pack.

11. The quick-change bracket of claim 10, wherein the locking part is a locking groove, and the locking piece comprises a lock tongue corresponding to the locking groove and a driving piece connected with the lock tongue and used for driving the lock tongue to move relative to the locking groove; the driving piece is connected with the quick-change bracket, and is arranged on the outer side of the assembly part and/or the middle part of the quick-change bracket along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

12. The quick-change bracket of claim 11, wherein the dead bolt is an electromagnetic bolt, and the driving member is an electromagnetic driving seat matched with the electromagnetic bolt; or the lock tongue is a mechanical lock block, and the driving piece is a spring or a motor or a driving cylinder which is in transmission fit with the mechanical lock block.

13. The quick-change bracket according to claim 2, wherein a limit part is arranged at one end of the assembly groove, which is close to the longitudinal beam, and a butt part corresponding to the limit part is arranged at one end of the guide rail, which is close to the longitudinal beam; when the propping part is propped and matched with the limiting part, the battery pack reaches the locking position.

14. The quick-change bracket of claim 13, wherein a cushion pad is provided on a side of the limit portion facing the abutment portion and/or a side of the abutment portion facing the limit portion.

15. An electric vehicle comprising a quick-change bracket as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 and a battery pack detachably mounted on the quick-change bracket, the battery pack being movable in a horizontal direction relative to the quick-change bracket to switch the battery pack between an unlocked position and a locked position.

16. The electric vehicle of claim 15, characterized in that the lower portion of the quick-change bracket has the fitting portion, the battery pack top has a fitting portion adapted to the fitting portion, and the fitting portion is movable relative to and fittingly connected with the fitting portion in the direction of movement of the battery pack.

17. The electric vehicle of claim 16, characterized in that the mating portions include a middle mating portion and/or a side mating portion; the middle part matching parts are arranged in the middle of the battery pack along the length direction of the battery pack, and the side part matching parts are arranged on two sides of the battery pack.