CN217820062U - Apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object - Google Patents

Apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217820062U
CN217820062U CN202220769725.7U CN202220769725U CN217820062U CN 217820062 U CN217820062 U CN 217820062U CN 202220769725 U CN202220769725 U CN 202220769725U CN 217820062 U CN217820062 U CN 217820062U
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image
light source
data processing
illumination
light radiation
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罗伯托·菲纳齐
马里奥·雷加佐尼
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UTPVision SRL
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UTPVision SRL
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/9515—Objects of complex shape, e.g. examined with use of a surface follower device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G01N2021/8845—Multiple wavelengths of illumination or detection

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model describes an apparatus (1) for detecting surface defects on an object (100), this apparatus (1) comprises: a lighting device (2) configured to use a light having a first direction of illumination (D) 1 ) Of the first light radiation (L) 1 ) Or using a beam having a second direction of illumination (D) 2 ) Of the second light radiation (L) 2 ) Illuminating the object; and an acquisition device (3) configured to be illuminated by the illumination device when being illuminated by the illumination deviceAcquiring at least one image (I) of an object 0 ，I 1 ，I 2 ). The lighting device (2) comprises a light source configured to provide a first light radiation (L) 1 ) And is configured to provide second light radiation (L) 2 ) Of a second polychromatic light source (22).

Description

Apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field of a device for detecting surface defect on object. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus configured to detect surface defects on a colored object.
Background
As is known, some components used in the industrial field, such as annular industrial gaskets (O-ring type gaskets) used in many apparatuses, must be carefully analyzed to identify the presence of defects that may impair their operation.
Typically, surface inspection of these components is automated using specialized equipment.
Patent application EP2280270A1 describes a device for detecting surface defects in O-ring gaskets.
The detection apparatus comprises a pair of monochromatic light sources arranged on opposite sides of a feed plane of the object to be inspected and arranged to emit optical radiation having different wavelengths.
Thus, during operation of the detection device, the light sources illuminate different areas of the object to be examined with different colors of light, e.g. green and red.
The detection device further comprises a color video camera capable of capturing a color image of the gasket illuminated simultaneously by the two light sources.
Although performing the task for which it was designed satisfactorily, the detection devices of the prior art still have some drawbacks.
This is mainly due to the fact that: these known devices generally use (for reasons of economy and for reducing the overall dimensions) monochromatic light sources emitting light of mutually different wavelengths.
It is clear that this particularity of the detection devices of the prior art, while enabling an optimal detection of defects when the object to be inspected is black, nevertheless has some significant limitations when the object is colored.
Naturally, this may impose important limitations on the performance of the inspection apparatus, and in particular on the accuracy of the inspection of possible defects.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A main object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object that makes it possible to overcome or reduce the drawbacks of the prior art indicated above.
With this aim in mind, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for detecting surface defects of an object which ensures a high degree of accuracy in the detection of any surface defects of the coloured object to be inspected.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection apparatus for surface defects of an object, which is configured to adapt to the color of the object to be inspected.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection device that is easy to produce or implement on an industrial scale, with competitive costs compared to the same kind of devices of the prior art.
This aim and these objects, together with others which will be evident from the following description and the accompanying drawings, are achieved according to the present invention by an apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object, as set forth below.
Preferably, the object is an industrial gasket of the O-ring type.
In its general definition, the detection device according to the invention comprises:
-an illumination device configured to illuminate the object with first light radiation having a first illumination direction or with second light radiation having a second illumination direction; and
-an acquisition device configured to acquire at least one image of the object while the object is illuminated by the illumination device.
According to the invention, the lighting device comprises a first polychromatic light source configured to provide a first light radiation and a second polychromatic light source configured to provide a second light radiation.
Preferably, the first and second multi-color light sources comprise a set of LED arrangements of different colors, for example four LED arrangements of red, green, blue and yellow, respectively, or RGBY LED arrangements.
Preferably, the detection apparatus further comprises a control unit configured to control the switching on of the plurality of LED devices, individually or in any combination, to obtain an emission spectrum having a wavelength band adjusted according to the color of the object. Advantageously, this enables to find the correct color for the illuminator that can optimally adapt the color of the object to be inspected.
Preferably, the first polychromatic light source and the second polychromatic light source have spectra that minimally overlap each other. Advantageously, this enables to distinguish the spectrum from the image of the object to be inspected acquired by the acquisition means.
Preferably, the inspection apparatus further comprises data processing means configured to process the at least one image and provide inspection data indicative of the presence of surface defects on the object.
According to a possible variant, the one or more images acquired by the acquisition means comprise a first B/W image and a second B/W image of the object illuminated by the illumination means.
In this case, the data processing apparatus preferably includes: a first data processing device configured to process the first B/W image and the second B/W image and provide a color image of the object; and a second data processing device configured to process the color image and provide detection data.
According to other alternative variants, the one or more images acquired by the acquisition means comprise a single color image of the object illuminated by the illumination means.
In this case, the acquisition means comprise at least one video camera, for example a color video camera, which is able to acquire, directly or through a bayer filter, the intensity of the light radiation emitted by the illumination means.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to a station for inspecting an object, the station comprising a detection device as defined above.
Drawings
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
figure 1 shows a block diagram of a detection device according to the present invention;
figure 2 schematically shows a variant of an embodiment of the detection device according to the invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to the above figures, the present invention relates to a detection device 1 capable of identifying surface defects on an object 100.
The inspection device 1 is particularly suitable for inspecting surface defects on industrial gaskets 100, in particular on O-ring type gaskets.
In the following, reference will be made in particular to this field of application, without intending to limit the scope of the invention.
In fact, the detection device 1 can be used to detect surface defects on any type of object 100, for example on any industrial component.
In general, the detection device 1 is adapted to provide detection data DS indicating the presence of surface defects on the object 100 to be inspected. These detection data may be used for various purposes, such as for quality control purposes, etc.
In principle, the surface defects detectable by the detection device 1 may be of any type. For example, they may include micro scratches, surface roughness changes, color changes, micro cracks, and the like.
According to the present invention, the detection apparatus 1 comprises the illumination device 2, the illumination device 2 being configured to illuminate the object 100 according to mutually different illumination directions.
The lighting device 2 is arranged to be used with a first illumination direction D 1 First light radiation L 1 And has a second irradiation direction D 2 Of the second light radiation L 2 The object 100 is illuminated.
Irradiation direction D 1 And D 2 The choice of (a) depends to a large extent on the structure of the object 100 to be inspected and the layout of the system in which the detection device is installed.
For example, and with reference to fig. 2, in the case of a system for inspecting annular gaskets (O-rings), the irradiation direction D is 1 And D 2 Can be reversed with each otherAnd parallel to the main symmetry axis of the gasket (annular axis).
More specifically, the lighting device 2 comprises a lighting system configured to provide the first light radiation L 1 And is configured to provide second light radiation L 2 A second polychromatic light source 22.
Preferably, the first light source 21 and the second light source 22 each comprise a set of differently colored LED (light emitting diode) devices, preferably RGBY LED devices, capable of emitting the first light radiation L, respectively 1 And second light radiation L 2 。
The first multicolor-light source 21 and the second multicolor-light source 22 have spectra that minimally overlap each other. Advantageously, this enables to distinguish the spectrum from the image of the object to be inspected acquired by the acquisition means.
The light sources 21, 22 comprise different illuminators, each capable of emitting a respective light radiation L 1 Or L 2 And is positioned in a respective operative position with respect to the object 100, so as to be dependent on the irradiation direction D 1 Or D 2 Directing the emitted respective optical radiation.
In general, the lighting device 2 can be produced on an industrial scale according to known solutions and, therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will be described below with reference to only the aspects of the invention that are of interest.
Generally, according to the present invention, the detection apparatus 1 comprises an acquisition device 3, the acquisition device 3 being configured to acquire an image of the object 100 when the object 100 is illuminated by the above-mentioned illumination device 2.
According to a variant of an embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition means 3 are adapted to acquire a black-and-white (B/W) image I of the object 100 when the object 100 is illuminated by the above-mentioned illumination means 2 1 And I 2 。
In this case, during the operation of the detection device 1, the acquisition means 3 acquire the following:
first light radiation L at the object 100 emitted by the first polychromatic light source 21 of the lighting device 2 1 Acquiring a first B/W image I of the object during irradiation 1 ；
Is illuminated at the object 100Second polychromatic light radiation L emitted by second polychromatic light source 22 of device 2 2 Acquiring a second B/W image I of the object during irradiation 2 。
Thus, the B/W image I acquired by the acquisition means 3 1 And I 2 Refer to using directions D different from each other 1 And D 2 Light radiation L of 1 And L 2 A view of the illuminated object. Naturally, in image I 1 And I 2 Both of which necessarily capture the same area of the object 100.
Preferably, in order to acquire the above-mentioned image, the acquisition means 3 comprise an image sensor 30 formed by a matrix of pixels, for example a matrix of 2452 × 2056 pixels or a matrix of 1600 × 1200 pixels.
Preferably, the acquisition means 3 further comprise: an optical radiation filter (not shown) operatively associated with the sensor 30 to filter light incident thereon; and interface electronics (not shown) operatively associated with the sensor 30 to manage the information acquired thereby.
According to the above-described variant of embodiment of the invention, the acquisition means 3 provide different operating steps, in particular in which the sensor 30 receives and integrates the incident light radiation L 1 And L 2 To form a B/W image I 1 And I 2 An acquisition (exposure) step (according to known means for light sensors), and in which the sensor provides the acquired information (i.e. the B/W image I) 1 And I 2 ) For the transfer (readout) step of subsequent processing.
The duration of these acquisition and transmission steps may vary as desired, for example on the order of a few milliseconds or a few tens of milliseconds.
Naturally, the acquisition means 3 may comprise other operating steps, for example a standby (idle) step in which the sensor 30 is substantially idle.
The acquisition device 3 can be produced on an industrial scale according to known solutions. In general, they may comprise video cameras provided with image sensors configured to allow partial superimposition between the transmission (readout) step and the acquisition (exposure) step of the different images.
For example, the acquisition means 30 may comprise a video camera provided with an image sensor 30 of the CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) type.
According to an alternative variant of an embodiment of the invention, instead of acquiring the first B/W image I 1 And a second B/W image I 2 The acquisition means 3 are adapted to acquire a single color image I of the object 100 illuminated by the illumination means 2 0 . In this case, the acquisition means 3 comprise at least one color video camera device capable of acquiring the light radiation L emitted by the illumination means 2 directly or through a suitable bayer filter 1 And L 2 The strength of (2).
According to the invention, the detection device 1 comprises data processing means 7, the data processing means 7 being configured to process the first B/W image I of the object 100 (provided by the acquisition means 3) 1 And a second B/W image I 2 Or a color image I 0 To provide detection data DS.
If according to the method comprising acquiring the B/W image I 1 And I 2 The invention then results in the data processing means 7 comprising first data processing means 5, the first data processing means 5 being configured to process a first B/W image I of the object 100 1 And a second B/W image I 2 And providing a color image I of said object C 。
To process B/W image I 1 And I 2 The first data processing means 5 may advantageously implement image processing algorithms of known type.
According to this variant of the embodiment of the invention, the data processing device 7 comprises a second data processing device 6, the second data processing device 6 being configured to process the color image I of the object 100 (provided by the first processing device 5) C And provides detection data DS.
For processing a color image I of the object 100 C The image processing means 6 can advantageously perform surface defect detection algorithms of known type.
Naturally, variants of the embodiment are possible, according to which the treatment device is treated7 processing B/W image I 1 And I 2 To obtain the detection data DS without generating a color image of the object 100.
If according to the inclusion of obtaining the image I 0 The data processing means 7 may then directly execute a surface defect detection algorithm of known type.
Preferably, the detection device 1 comprises control means 4, the control means 4 being configured to interact with some components of the detection device (in particular with the lighting means 2, the acquisition means 3 and the data processing means 7) to control its operation through the exchange of appropriate data signals and control signals.
In particular, the control device 4 is configured to control the groups of LED devices, individually or in any combination, to obtain an optimal emission spectrum according to the color of the object 100 to be inspected. Advantageously, this enables the correct color to be determined for the illuminator that can optimally fit the color of the object 100.
Advantageously, the control means 4 are configured to coordinate the operation of the other mentioned components of the detection device at a very low level, i.e. without the intermediary of other control devices.
This enables a significant reduction in collision situations and any delay time when performing the detection method.
In an industrial implementation, the data processing means 7 and the control means 4 may comprise one or more digital data processing means, for example one or more microprocessors capable of executing software instructions stored on a storage medium.
In general, the data processing means 7 and the control means 4 can be produced according to known types of electrical circuits and/or digital data processing solutions. For example, the detection device 1 may comprise a control and processing unit provided with one or more microprocessor cards suitably arranged to perform the functions required by the processing means 7 and the control means 4.
The detection device according to the present invention can be easily integrated into a system for controlling (the quality of) an object, for example, a system for controlling an industrial gasket of the O-ring type.
The system may advantageously comprise several stations for inspecting the gasket along its feed path.
Each station advantageously comprises an inspection device 1 according to the invention to inspect the passing gaskets and obtain inspection data indicating the presence of any surface defects.
Fig. 2 shows a variant of an embodiment of the detection device 1 according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for installation in an inspection station.
In this case, the object to be inspected 100 is placed on a support 150 made of a material transparent to the light radiation emitted by the light sources 21, 22.
The lighting device 2 comprises a first multicolor light source 21 and a second multicolor light source 22 arranged on opposite sides of a support 150, so as to use light sources having mutually opposite directions D 1 And D 2 Light radiation L of 1 And L 2 The object is illuminated.
The video camera 3 provided with an image sensor 30 (for example an image sensor 30 of the C-MOS type) captures the object 100 when the object 100 is illuminated by each of the polychromatic light sources 21, 22 and images I to be acquired thereby 0 Or I 1 And I 2 To the data processing means 7.
It has to be noted that in industrial implementations of the invention, such as the ones described herein, the first image I of the object is acquired with the object 100 moving, for example, at a typical speed of 12m/min 1 And a second image I 2 Or a single color image I 0 。
Preferably, the first B/W images I of the object 100 are acquired at different time intervals from each other 1 And a second B/W picture I 2 So that they do not perfectly superpose but are shifted by a few pixels with respect to each other. During the processing (post-processing) of these images, the correction in the image I can be easily made 1 And I 2 Lack of correspondence in the capture of (its size itself is easily predictable).
According to the utility model discloses a check out test set has considerable advantage for prior art.
The present invention provides a multi-color illuminator using a set of differently colored LED devices, such as RGBY LED devices, to illuminate an object to be inspected.
This solution enables the above-mentioned problems associated with detecting surface defects on colored objects to be overcome.
In fact, with the detection apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to choose to control the illuminators, in particular the corresponding RGBY LED devices, alone or in any combination, in order to obtain an optimal emission spectrum according to the color of the object to be inspected.
In other words, the detection device according to the invention also enables the selection of the optimal wavelength of the emitted light radiation, which contributes to better accentuate the defects based on the color of the object to be inspected.
Therefore, according to the utility model discloses an equipment has ensured the high accuracy of treating the detection of any surface defect of inspection object.
The detection device according to the present invention can be easily produced on an industrial scale, using known components, at competitive costs and using solutions available in the prior art.

Claims (14)

1. An apparatus (1) for detecting surface defects on an object (100), the apparatus comprising:
-a lighting device (2) configured to be used with a first illumination direction (D) 1 ) Of the first light radiation (L) 1 ) Or using a beam having a second direction of illumination (D) 2 ) Of the second light radiation (L) 2 ) Illuminating the object; and
-an acquisition device (3) configured to acquire at least one image (I) of the object while it is illuminated by the illumination device 0 ，I 1 ，I 2 )；
Characterized in that the lighting device (2) comprises a light source configured to provide the first light radiation (L) 1 ) And is configured to provide said second light radiation (L) and a first polychromatic light source (21) and is configured to provide said second light radiation (L) 2 ) Of a second polychromatic light source (22).
2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said first multicolor light source (21) and said second multicolor light source (22) comprise a set of LED means of different colors.
3. An apparatus (1) according to claim 2, wherein the first multicolor light source (21) and the second multicolor light source (22) comprise a set of RGBY LED devices.
4. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said device (1) further comprises control means (4), said control means (4) being configured to control the switching on of said LED means of different colors, alone or in any combination, to obtain an emission spectrum adjustable according to the color of said object (100).
5. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said first polychromatic light source (21) and said second polychromatic light source (22) have spectra that are minimally superimposed on each other.
6. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising data processing means (7), said data processing means (7) being configured to process said at least one image (I) acquired by said acquisition means 0 ，I 1 ，I 2 ) And providing detection Data (DS) indicative of the presence of surface defects on the object (100).
7. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said at least one image acquired by said acquisition means (3) comprises a first B/W image (I) of said object (100) illuminated by said illumination means 1 ) And a second B/W picture (I) 2 )。
8. The device (1) according to claim 7, further comprising a data processing means (7), wherein the data processing means (7) comprises first dataA processing device (5), the first data processing device (5) being configured to process the first B/W image (I) 1 ) And said second B/W picture (I) 2 ) And providing a color image (I) of said object (100) C )。
9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that said data processing means (7) comprise second data processing means (6), said second data processing means (6) being configured to process said color image (I) C ) And providing detection Data (DS) indicative of the presence of surface defects on said object (100).
10. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said at least one image acquired by said acquisition device (3) comprises a single color image (I) of said object (100) illuminated by said illumination device 0 )。
11. Apparatus (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that said acquisition means (3) comprise at least one video camera able to acquire, directly or through a bayer filter, the light radiation (L) emitted by said lighting means (2) 1 ，L 2 ) The strength of (2).
12. Apparatus (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said video camera means are colour video camera means.
13. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said object (100) is an industrial gasket of the O-ring type.
14. A station for inspecting an object (100), characterized in that it comprises a device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
CN202220769725.7U 2021-04-07 2022-04-02 Apparatus for detecting surface defects on an object Active CN217820062U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202021000001754U IT202100001754U1 (en) 2021-04-07 2021-04-07 DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION OF SURFACE DEFECTS ON AN OBJECT.
IT202021000001754 2021-04-07

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CN217820062U true CN217820062U (en) 2022-11-15

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CN (1) CN217820062U (en)
DE (1) DE202022101557U1 (en)
ES (1) ES1295390Y (en)
FR (1) FR3121752B3 (en)
IT (1) IT202100001754U1 (en)

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IT1395116B1 (en) 2009-07-29 2012-09-05 Utpvision S R L OPTICAL SURFACE DETECTION SYSTEM

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ES1295390U (en) 2022-11-02
DE202022101557U1 (en) 2022-06-29
IT202100001754U1 (en) 2022-10-07
FR3121752B3 (en) 2023-09-01
FR3121752A3 (en) 2022-10-14

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