CN216350456U - Device for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal-thickness interference - Google Patents
Device for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal-thickness interference Download PDFInfo
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- CN216350456U CN216350456U CN202122804368.1U CN202122804368U CN216350456U CN 216350456 U CN216350456 U CN 216350456U CN 202122804368 U CN202122804368 U CN 202122804368U CN 216350456 U CN216350456 U CN 216350456U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for measuring a metal linear expansion coefficient by using equal thickness interference, which comprises a base, a temperature control component, a laser, a beam splitter and a CCD camera module, wherein a horizontal supporting plate with adjustable height is arranged on the base, a lower optical glass plate and an upper optical glass plate which are used for combining to form an air wedge are stacked on the supporting plate, the lower optical glass plate and a metal rod to be measured are both arranged below the upper optical glass plate, the beam splitter and the CCD camera module are both arranged on a laser light path emitted by the laser, the beam splitter is used for reflecting an incident laser part to the air wedge, and the CCD camera module is used for detecting equal thickness interference fringes formed by the air wedge. The utility model has simple structure, good practicability, working reliability and operation convenience, realizes the measurement of the metal linear expansion coefficient, and has high measurement precision and small error.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments, and particularly relates to a device for measuring a linear expansion coefficient of metal by using uniform thickness interference.
Background
The linear expansion of metal refers to the elongation phenomenon of the metal in one-dimensional direction when the temperature rises, and the linear expansion coefficient is used for reflecting the change rule of the longitudinal tiny size change of the metal along with the temperature and is an important parameter for measuring the properties of the metal material. The linear expansion of metal due to temperature difference is very small, and the linear expansion coefficient is difficult to measure intuitively. At present, a micrometer direct reading method, an optical lever method and the like are often adopted to measure the linear expansion coefficient of metal.
The utility model discloses a utility model patent that publication number is CN210119458U discloses a vertical posture device of solid linear expansion coefficient is measured to optical lever method, including LED light source illumination chi, telescope, level crossing etc. can effective economizer area occupied, improve space utilization. However, when a telescope is used in the device, due to the parallax problem of the reading of the telescope, the measured data is prone to be inaccurate, and the length variation of the metal due to the temperature change is small, so that a general length measuring instrument introduces a large deviation, and the accuracy of the measuring result is reduced.
Therefore, the existing metal linear expansion coefficient measuring device has the problem that the measurement of the value of the tiny displacement is not accurate enough. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device for measuring linear expansion coefficient with simple structure and accurate measurement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal thickness interference, aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, and effectively solving the problems of inaccurate measurement of the value of the tiny displacement and larger error of the conventional device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of metal.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of the metal by utilizing equal-thickness interference comprises a base, a temperature control assembly for adjusting the temperature of a vertically placed metal rod to be measured, a laser, a beam splitter and a CCD camera module, wherein a horizontal supporting plate with adjustable height is arranged on the base, a lower optical glass plate and an upper optical glass plate which are used for combining to form an air wedge are stacked on the supporting plate, the lower optical glass plate and the metal rod to be measured are both arranged below the upper optical glass plate, the beam splitter and the CCD camera module are both arranged on a laser light path emitted by the laser, the beam splitter is used for reflecting an incident laser part to the air wedge, and the CCD camera module is used for detecting equal-thickness interference fringes formed by the air wedge.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model can be further improved as follows.
Further, the temperature control assembly comprises a constant temperature box, wherein a heating wire used for uniformly heating the metal rod to be tested is arranged in the constant temperature box, and the heating wire is wound on the metal rod to be tested.
Furthermore, the temperature control assembly also comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature controller for measuring the temperature of the metal bar to be measured; the temperature controller, the temperature sensor and the heating wire are electrically connected in a wired mode, and the temperature controller, the temperature sensor and the heating wire form a closed-loop temperature control system together with the thermostat, so that the temperature of the metal bar to be measured is adjusted, and the metal bar to be measured is kept stable in temperature.
Furthermore, a first adjusting rod and a second adjusting rod for adjusting the height of the supporting plate are symmetrically arranged on the base.
Furthermore, the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod are both adjusting screw rods; adjusting screw threaded connection is in the backup pad, and its bottom rotates to be connected in the base.
Furthermore, the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod are both adjusting screw rods, the bottom ends of the adjusting screw rods penetrate through the supporting plate and then are in threaded connection with the base, nuts used for fixing the supporting plate are arranged on the adjusting screw rods, and the nuts are arranged between the supporting plate and the base.
Further, the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod are both electric lifting rods, hydraulic lifting rods or pneumatic lifting rods.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the metal wire expansion coefficient measuring device is simple in structure, good in practicability, working reliability and operation convenience, high in measuring precision and small in error, and the metal wire expansion coefficient is measured by measuring the metal wire expansion amount by using the principle of measuring micro deformation through equal thickness interference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. the device comprises a base, a first adjusting rod, a second adjusting rod, a supporting plate, a lower optical glass plate, a first optical glass plate, a second optical glass plate, a supporting plate, a lower optical glass plate, a first optical glass plate, a second optical glass plate, a thermostat, a metal rod to be measured, a temperature sensor, a heating wire, a temperature control instrument, a laser, a light beam splitter, a CCD camera module and a heating wire, wherein the base, the first adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod, the supporting plate, the lower optical glass plate, the upper optical glass plate, the thermostat, 8, a metal rod to be measured, 9, the temperature sensor, 10, the heating wire, 11, the temperature control instrument, 12, the laser, 13, the light beam splitter and 14 are arranged on the base.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
As shown in FIG. 1, the device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal thickness interferometry comprises a base 1, a temperature control assembly for adjusting the temperature of a vertically placed metal rod 8 to be measured, a laser 12, a beam splitter 13 and a CCD camera module 14. The laser 12 is used as a light source for interferometry and emits parallel laser with a certain wavelength lambda. Preferably, the laser 4 is a helium-neon laser, and the wavelength λ of the emitted laser is 650 nm.
The base 1 is provided with a horizontal supporting plate 4 with adjustable height. And a lower optical glass plate 5 and an upper optical glass plate 6 which are used for combining and forming an air wedge are stacked on the supporting plate 4. The lower optical glass plate 5 and the metal rod 8 to be measured are both arranged below the upper optical glass plate 6. The beam splitter 13 and the CCD camera module 14 are both arranged on a laser light path emitted by the laser 12, the beam splitter 13 is used for reflecting the incident laser part to the air wedge, and the CCD camera module 14 is used for detecting the equal-thickness interference fringes formed by the air wedge.
The metal linear expansion coefficient measuring device is simple in structure, good in practicability, working reliability and operation convenience, the metal linear expansion amount is measured by using the principle of measuring the micro deformation by using equal thickness interference, namely the micro expansion amount of metal is converted and amplified into the measurement of the equal thickness interference fringe distance, so that the measurement of the metal linear expansion coefficient is realized, and the measurement precision is high and the error is small.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the height of the support plate 4 is adjusted so that the lower optical glass plate 5 is stacked with the upper optical glass plate 6, and interference fringes are not seen in the CCD camera module 14. And heating the metal rod 8 to be measured by using the temperature control assembly, wherein the metal rod 8 to be measured expands and extends along with the rise of the temperature, jacking the upper optical glass plate 6, and opening the two optical glass plates by a small angle to form air wedge. When laser emitted by the laser 12 vertically irradiates the air wedge through the beam splitter 13, two beams of light reflected on the upper and lower surfaces of the air wedge are subjected to equal-thickness interference, a group of equal-thickness interference fringes are observed by the CCD camera module 14, the distance between the equal-thickness interference fringes is measured, and the expansion elongation of the metal rod 8 to be measured can be indirectly obtained.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model also has the following improvement scheme so as to further improve the technical effects of the utility model, such as practicability, working reliability and operation convenience, measurement precision of the metal linear expansion coefficient and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the temperature control assembly includes an oven 7, a temperature sensor 9 and a temperature controller 11, and a heating wire 10 is disposed in the oven 7. The heating wire 10 is wound on the metal rod 8 to be measured, and can uniformly heat the metal rod 8 to be measured. The temperature sensor 9 is in direct contact with the metal rod 8 to be measured and is used for measuring the temperature of the metal rod. The temperature controller 11 is electrically connected with the temperature sensor 9 and the heating wire 10 in a wired mode, and the three and the thermostat 7 form a closed-loop temperature control system, so that the temperature of the metal rod 8 to be measured is adjusted, the metal rod 8 to be measured is kept stable in temperature, errors caused by temperature changes are effectively reduced, and the measurement precision of the metal linear expansion coefficient is further improved.
As shown in fig. 1, a first adjusting lever 2 and a second adjusting lever 3 for adjusting the height of a supporting plate 4 are symmetrically disposed on the base 1 to allow the height of the supporting plate 4 to be adjusted, so that a lower optical glass plate 5 and an upper optical glass plate 6 are stacked together.
In the present invention, the first adjustment lever 2 and the second adjustment lever 3 have the following preferred embodiments.
Preferably, the first adjusting rod 2 and the second adjusting rod 3 are both adjusting screws. The adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the supporting plate 4, and the bottom end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected with the base 1.
When the height of the supporting plate 4 needs to be adjusted, the two adjusting screws are rotated simultaneously, and the supporting plate 4 moves upwards or downwards under the action of the adjusting screws, so that the height of the supporting plate 4 can be adjusted, and the operation is simple.
Preferably, the first adjusting rod 2 and the second adjusting rod 3 are both adjusting screws. The bottom end of the adjusting screw penetrates through the supporting plate 4 and then is connected to the base 1 in a threaded mode, a nut used for fixing the supporting plate 4 is arranged on the adjusting screw, and the nut is arranged between the supporting plate 4 and the base 1.
When the height of the support plate 4 needs to be adjusted, the nut is rotated to move upwards or downwards along the adjusting screw rod, namely, the height of the support plate 4 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut on the adjusting screw rod, so that the operation is simple and the cost is low.
Preferably, the first adjusting rod 2 and the second adjusting rod 3 are both electric lifting rods, hydraulic lifting rods or pneumatic lifting rods.
When the height of the supporting plate 4 needs to be adjusted, the supporting plate 4 is driven to move upwards or downwards through the electric lifting rod or the hydraulic lifting rod or the air pressure lifting rod, and the practicability and the automation degree are high.
As shown in fig. 2, the working principle (operation steps) of the present invention is as follows:
(1) measuring the length l of the metal rod 8 to be measured, installing the device as shown in fig. 1-2, and measuring the distance D between the intersection point of the lower optical glass plate 5 and the upper optical glass plate 6 and the metal rod 8 to be measured;
(2) the metal bar 8 to be measured is heated to the temperature t by using the temperature control component1And keeping the temperature constant, turning on the laser 12When the laser 12 emits laser with the wavelength lambda of 650nm, the laser sequentially passes through the beam splitter 13, the air wedge and the beam splitter 13 and then enters the CCD camera module 14;
(3) adjusting the height of the support plate 4 to enable the lower optical glass plate 5 and the upper optical glass plate 6 to be overlapped together, wherein interference fringes cannot be observed at the CCD camera module 14;
(4) the metal bar 8 to be measured is heated to the temperature t by using the temperature control component2(t2＞t1) Keeping the temperature unchanged, expanding and extending the metal rod 8 to be measured at the moment, jacking up the upper optical glass plate 6, opening the two optical glass plates by a small angle to form an air wedge, when laser vertically irradiates the air wedge, generating equal-thickness interference on two beams of light reflected on the upper surface and the lower surface of the air wedge, and observing a group of equal-thickness interference fringes on the CCD camera module 14;
(5) as shown in fig. 2, the CCD camera module 14 detects the interference fringes of equal thickness, and reads the distances Δ of the k interference fringes of equal thickness;
(6) substituting the measurement result into a formula:
and obtaining the linear expansion coefficient alpha of the metal rod 8 to be measured.
In the present invention, the devices and components not described in the structure are all commercially available devices or components.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of a metal by using equal-thickness interference is characterized by comprising a base (1), a temperature control assembly for adjusting the temperature of a vertically placed metal rod to be measured (8), a laser (12), a beam splitter (13) and a CCD camera module (14), wherein the base (1) is provided with a horizontal supporting plate (4) with adjustable height, a lower optical glass plate (5) and an upper optical glass plate (6) which are used for combining to form an air wedge are stacked on the supporting plate (4), the lower optical glass plate (5) and the metal rod to be measured (8) are both arranged below the upper optical glass plate (6), the beam splitter (13) and the CCD camera module (14) are both arranged on a laser light path emitted by the laser (12), and the beam splitter (13) is used for reflecting an incident laser part to the air wedge, the CCD camera module (14) is used for detecting the interference fringes with equal thickness formed by air wedge.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature control assembly comprises an oven (7), a heating wire (10) for uniformly heating the metal bar (8) to be measured is arranged in the oven (7), and the heating wire (10) is wound on the metal bar (8) to be measured.
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature control assembly further comprises a temperature sensor (9) for measuring the temperature of the metal bar (8) to be measured and a temperature control instrument (11); the temperature controller (11) is electrically connected with the temperature sensor (9) and the heating wire (10) in a wired mode, and the temperature controller, the temperature sensor and the heating wire form a closed-loop temperature control system with the thermostat (7) for adjusting the temperature of the metal rod (8) to be measured and keeping the temperature of the metal rod (8) to be measured stable.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (1) is symmetrically provided with a first adjusting lever (2) and a second adjusting lever (3) for adjusting the height of the supporting plate (4).
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first adjusting lever (2) and the second adjusting lever (3) are both adjusting screws; the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the supporting plate (4), and the bottom end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected with the base (1).
6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first adjusting rod (2) and the second adjusting rod (3) are adjusting screws, the bottom ends of the adjusting screws are connected to the base (1) through the supporting plate (4) and then screwed, and nuts for fixing the supporting plate (4) are arranged on the adjusting screws, and the nuts are arranged between the supporting plate (4) and the base (1).
7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first adjusting lever (2) and the second adjusting lever (3) are both electric lifting levers or hydraulic lifting levers or pneumatic lifting levers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122804368.1U CN216350456U (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Device for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal-thickness interference |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122804368.1U CN216350456U (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Device for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal-thickness interference |
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| CN216350456U true CN216350456U (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| CN202122804368.1U Active CN216350456U (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Device for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by using equal-thickness interference |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116165202A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-05-26 | 中南大学 | Material texture measuring equipment and image processing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116165202A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-05-26 | 中南大学 | Material texture measuring equipment and image processing method |
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Effective date of registration: 20230607 Address after: 437000 Baozhu Road, Xian'an Economic Development Zone, Xianning City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Hubei Jiacheng Precision Mould Co.,Ltd. Address before: 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning City, Hubei Province Patentee before: HUBEI University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |