CN215047819U - Multi-position elevator buffer device and elevator system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-position elevator buffer device, which is vertically arranged on the pit plane of a well, the impact contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer device and a lifting assembly is a buffer contact surface, and the buffer contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer device is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position; when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the first position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in an initial free state; when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the second position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a partial compression state, and the lifting assembly is positioned at the leveling position of the bottom layer landing; when the buffer contact surface is located at the third position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a fully compressed state, and the lifting assembly is lower than the leveling position of the bottom layer landing.

Description

Multi-position elevator buffer device and elevator system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an elevator field, concretely relates to multiposition elevator buffer. The utility model discloses still relate to an elevator system.

Background

Existing elevator systems are typically provided with a buffer as a safety device, the buffer typically being disposed within the pit of the elevator hoistway. For example, 10.3 and 10.4 of the national standard GB7588-2003 "elevator manufacturing and installation safety code" prescribe the travel or deceleration of various buffers. In addition 10.5.1 it is specified that the elevator limit switch should be active before the car or counterweight (if any) contacts the buffer. When the elevator car touches the limit switch it means that the elevator car has exceeded the limit position for normal operation. Therefore, in order to meet the above requirements, the elevator shaft is usually designed with a pit with a certain depth for placing the buffer and for leaving a safety distance.

Most commonly, the constraint for calculating the minimum pit depth is the vertical distance between the lowest component at the bottom of the car (typically the car floor or safety gear) and the highest component fixed in the pit or pit of the hoistway. Due to the determinants of pit depth calculation, the height and the like of the pit depth calculation are relatively rigid, the flexibility is poor, and the requirement on the minimum pit depth is difficult to reduce. For example an elevator with a speed of 1m/s, the pit depth is usually up to 1.3 m. If the requirement of the elevator system on the depth of the civil engineering pit cannot be reduced, the civil engineering coping ability of the elevator is poor, and the use occasions of the elevator are limited. The contradiction between the installation of an elevator in an old building and the installation of an elevator in a household villa is particularly prominent. Among the existing solutions, one mode is to excavate the pit, the degree of difficulty is big with high costs, and another mode is to lift the bottom layer landing, and is not ideal to space requirement and convenience of use.

If the pit depth is to be reduced further in the case of reserve buffers, it is conceivable to compress the buffers when the elevator is normally run to the lowest floor level, for example in publication CN205772616U, and stops. However, in such a use situation, a number of technical problems are encountered, for example, in order to achieve safety in an emergency situation of the elevator, the force of the buffer in the prior art must be larger than the sum of the elevator car and the rated load to decelerate and stop the elevator. The excessive force also provides a new challenge to the normal leveling of the elevator and the comfort during leveling if the elevator is normally running and leveling and stopping, and the prior publication does not mention the above challenge.

The technical solution mentioned in the publication CN205772616U is a passive buffering manner, and leveling is achieved completely by means of the acting force of the buffer on the car, which results in that the position of leveling at the bottom layer varies with the load in the car, the leveling precision is extremely low, and cannot meet the safety requirement, and there is a risk to passengers getting in and out of the car. Too big deceleration can lead to not good comfort when its two flat beds, even through some extra buffering modes also can lead to the car to shake from top to bottom when leveling and lead to not good comfort. Its three such passive modes can lead to the flat bed back elevator suspension system to lose tensile force, cause the safety risk on the one hand, and on the other hand is unfavorable for the restart of elevator.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a multiposition elevator buffer is provided, not only can reduce the requirement of elevator system to the civil engineering pit degree of depth effectively, simple structure moreover easily realizes.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a multi-position elevator buffer device, which is vertically arranged on the pit plane of a well, wherein the impact contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer device and a lifting assembly is a buffer contact surface, and the buffer contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer device is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position; when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the first position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in an initial free state; when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the second position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a partial compression state, and the lifting assembly is positioned at the leveling position of the bottom layer landing; when the buffer contact surface is located at the third position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a fully compressed state, and the lifting assembly is lower than the leveling position of the bottom layer landing.

Preferably, when the elevator runs normally, the buffer contact surface runs from the first position to the second position under the push of the lifting assembly, and the acting force of the elevator buffer device on the lifting assembly is smaller than the gravity of the lifting assembly.

Preferably, when the elevator runs normally, the acting force of the elevator buffer device on the lifting assembly is less than half of the gravity force of the lifting assembly.

Preferably, when the buffer contact surface is located at the second position during normal operation of the elevator, the acting force of the elevator buffer device on the lifting assembly is smaller than the gravity of the lifting assembly.

Preferably, when the elevator operates normally, the buffer contact surface moves from the first position to the second position under the push of the lifting assembly; when the buffer contact surface is in impact contact with the lifting assembly or the lifting assembly accessory, the running speed of the lifting assembly when the buffer contact surface is located at the first position is actively controlled, and the speed is less than or equal to 9 m/min.

Preferably, when the elevator runs abnormally, the lifting assembly impacts the buffer contact surface, and the lifting assembly is buffered and decelerated under the action of the elevator buffer device.

Preferably, the elevator buffer comprises a resetting device for restoring the buffer contact surface from the second position or the third position to the first position in the absence of external pressure.

Preferably, the first position of the buffer contact surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lifting assembly when the lifting assembly is at the bottom landing level position in the vertical height of the hoistway.

Preferably, the second position of the buffer contact surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lifting assembly when the lifting assembly is at the bottom landing level position in the vertical height of the hoistway.

Preferably, the height difference between the second position and the third position of the buffer contact surface is greater than or equal to 5mm in the vertical height of the shaft.

Preferably, the buffer device is an energy-consuming buffer.

Preferably, the damping means is a hydraulic damper.

Preferably, the buffer device is a hydraulic buffer which can be compressed continuously and repeatedly.

Preferably, the lifting assembly is an elevator car.

Preferably, the lifting assembly is a lifting platform.

The utility model also discloses a multiposition elevator buffer's elevator system, including the well, the lifting unit is along the vertical removal of well, multiposition elevator buffer sets up in the well.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state of use of a prior art elevator buffer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the buffer device for an elevator according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the elevator buffer of the present invention in a free state.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the first position, the second position and the third position of the elevator buffer device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the buffer device of an elevator according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

11 well 12 machine room

21 cage 21a platform

22 car side pulley 23 counterweight

24 counterweight side pulley 25 top fixed pulley

26 lifting platform 26a lifting platform bottom

31 drive 32 guide pulley

41 hauling rope 42 compensating rope

51 cage side rope end 52 counter weight side rope end

53 control device 54 car side guide rail

55 counterweight side guide rail 61 elevator buffer

62 counterweight side elevator buffer 71 bump

72 first position of pad W1

W2 second position W3 third position

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a prior art elevator buffer. In the vertical direction, a portion of the hoistway 11 below the bottom landing is referred to as a pit, and the vertical height thereof is referred to as a pit depth, which is denoted by PD. The bottommost level of the hoistway 11 is referred to as a pit level. The lifting assembly in this embodiment is a car 21. Of course, the lifting assembly may also be a lifting platform.

The car 21 and the counterweight 23 are disposed in the hoistway 11, guided by a car-side guide rail 54 and a counterweight-side guide rail 55 (not shown), and suspended by a traction rope 41 wound around the drive device 31. The car 21 and the counterweight 23 are driven by a drive device 31 disposed in the machine room 12 to move in opposite directions in the vertical direction within the hoistway 11. The bottom member of the car 21 is a platform 21a, and the thickness of the platform 21a is indicated by L1. The car 21 is provided with a car-side sheave 22, and the counterweight 23 is provided with a counterweight-side sheave 24. The traction rope 41 is guided around the car-side sheave 22 via the guide sheave 32 and around the counterweight-side sheave 24, and both ends are fixed in the machine room 12 and divided into a car-side rope end 51 and a counterweight-side rope end 52 according to their positions. The control devices 53 of the elevators are also arranged in the machine room 12.

The elevator buffer 61 and the counterweight-side elevator buffer 62 are provided near the lower end positions of the moving paths of the car 21 and the counterweight 23, respectively. Typically, the elevator buffers 61, 62 are secured to the pit floor using expansion bolts or by means of raised seats (not shown).

The lower two-dot chain line in fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the car 21 when the bottom landing is on level. When the car 21 is at the bottom landing leveling position, the distance between the car bottom 21a and the car-side elevator buffer 61 in the initial free state is referred to as the car-side overrun and is denoted by RB. The height of the elevator buffer 61, 62 in the initial free state is L2. The difference in height between the initial free state and the fully compressed state of the elevator buffers 61, 62 is referred to as the stroke, and the height is indicated by L21.

As can be seen from fig. 1, in the conventional system layout, the pit depth is calculated by taking into account the sum of the car bottom thickness L1, the car side overrun RB, and the car side elevator buffer height L2 in the initial free state, that is:

PD1＝L1+RB+L2……………………………………………………………(1)

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. The lifting assembly in this embodiment is a car 21. Of course, the lifting assembly may also be a lifting platform. The driving device 31 is not limited to be provided near the bottom of the hoistway 11, and may be provided near the top of the hoistway 11, the driving device 31 may be provided in a machine room (machine room is not shown) at the upper part of the hoistway 11 or outside the hoistway, or the driving device 31 may be integrated with the car 21. When the drive means 31 is arranged near the top of the shaft or in the machine room in the upper part of the shaft, the top pulley 25 may not be needed. The traction ropes 41 may not be needed when the drive means 31 are integrated in the car 21. In addition, the counterweight is also an optional part. The above description has been made of the applicability of the elevator buffer, and the elevator buffer is not limited to the elevator system shown in fig. 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the elevator system is provided with two elevator buffers 61. The elevator buffer device 61 is vertically installed on the pit plane of the hoistway, and the impact contact surface of the elevator buffer device 61 and the lifting assembly is a buffer contact surface. The buffer contact surface of the elevator buffer 61 has a first position W1, a second position W2 and a third position W3; when the buffer contact surface is positioned at a first position W1, the elevator buffer is in an initial free state; when the buffer contact surface is at a second position W2, the elevator buffer is in a partially compressed state, and the car 21 is at a bottom landing level position; when the buffer contact surface is in the third position W3, the elevator buffer is in a fully compressed state and the car 21 is below the floor level position.

As shown in fig. 3, two collision blocks 71 corresponding to the elevator buffer 61 are provided on both sides of the elevator car 21, and at this time, the elevator does not enter the state of leveling at the bottom landing during normal operation. The buffer contact surface is located at a first position W1. When the elevator normally operates, the speed of the lifting component contacting with the buffer contact surface at the first position is controlled, and the whole leveling process is actively controlled, so that the comfort level of the leveling is basically consistent with the elevator which does not contact with the buffer when the elevator is leveled.

As shown in fig. 4, since the elevator buffer 61 employs a hydraulic buffer, the hydraulic buffer generally has significant oscillatory jitter at the end of the stroke. In the present embodiment, the two-dot chain line indicates the actual compression distance L22 at the actual compression position of the elevator buffer 61 when the car 21 is at the bottom landing level. Compared with the maximum compression stroke L21 of the elevator buffer 61, there are: l22 < L21, namely, partial compression stroke allowance is left.

Therefore, it is preferable that the elevator buffer 61 is in a compressed state when the car 21 is at the bottom landing level position in the normal operation of the elevator. But the elevator buffer 61 is not compressed to the bottom at this time, i.e., the buffer contact surface of the elevator buffer is in the second position W2. A margin of 5mm and above is reserved according to the maximum stroke L21 that the elevator buffer 61 can compress. Namely:

L21-L22≥5mm………………………………………………………………(6)

equation (6) is a conclusion from a number of tests on solid ladders. The elevator buffer device 61 reserves a compression allowance of 5mm or more, so that on one hand, the obvious oscillation jitter of the hydraulic buffer at the stroke end is avoided; on the other hand, the deviation range of the leveling accuracy of the car 21 is considered, and rigid collision caused when the car 21 deviates downwards when a bottom layer landing levels is avoided; in the third aspect, due to the traction rope 41 or the traction belt or chain, the car 21 can be elastically stretched when passengers get in or out, i.e. the load in the car changes, and the reserved compression margin also takes this into account. And the second position is arranged to provide tolerance for active control, so that accurate leveling of the elevator under different load conditions is realized. Meanwhile, the detection of the load of the lift car after passengers enter the lift car is convenient to realize, the driving of the lifting assembly is accurately controlled, and the comfort level during leveling and starting is basically consistent with that of an elevator which does not contact with a buffer during leveling.

When the elevator runs normally, the buffer contact surface runs from the first position to the second position under the push of the lifting assembly, and the acting force of the elevator buffer device on the lifting assembly is smaller than the gravity of the lifting assembly. The elevator suspension device can always keep the tension force in the elevator leveling process, and the accurate leveling of the elevator under different load conditions is realized.

Meanwhile, when the elevator operates normally and the buffering contact surface is located at the second position, the acting force of the elevator buffering device on the lifting assembly is smaller than the gravity of the lifting assembly. The suspension device of the elevator can always keep the tension force when the elevator operates normally, so that the elevator can accurately load the starting torque when being started again, and the comfort of the elevator when the bottom layer is started is favorably ensured.

Further, the elevator buffer 61 employed here is a hydraulic buffer. The buffer type commonly used in elevators is spring type, polyurethane type, hydraulic type, or the like. According to the technical scheme provided by the patent, when the elevator runs normally and the elevator car 21 is at the flat floor of the bottom landing, the elevator buffer device 61 is compressed by the collision block 71. Practical experience shows that the spring type and polyurethane type buffer can generate stronger reaction force at the moment of rigid contact, and the moment curve is difficult to optimize and adjust, thereby seriously influencing the riding comfort. Therefore, it is preferable that the elevator buffer 61 is a hydraulic buffer.

Further, for a common elevator system, the buffer is not compressed when the elevator is in normal operation; the buffer is compressed only when the car 21 bottoms out in an accident. Conventional buffers used in conventional elevators do not withstand continuous, multiple compressions. According to the technical scheme provided by the patent, under the normal operation of the elevator, each time the elevator car 21 is leveled at the bottom landing, the elevator buffer device 61 is compressed by the collision block 71. Therefore, the elevator buffer 61 is an energy-consuming buffer, a hydraulic buffer capable of continuous and multiple compression, and a preferred scheme.

Further, according to the technical scheme provided by the patent, when the elevator runs normally and the car 21 is at the level of the bottom landing, the elevator buffer device 61 is compressed by the collision block 71, so that the elevator buffer device 61 needs to be restored to the initial free state within the interval time of two continuous runs of the elevator. Therefore, the elevator buffer 61 can be restored from the compressed state to the initial free state in a short time after unloading, which is a preferable solution.

Further, since the elevator buffer 61 is required to be restored to the initial free state in the interval between two consecutive runs of the elevator. If the elevator buffer 61 does not return to the initial free state in time, the car 21 will go to the bottom landing level again, i.e. the bump 71 will compress the elevator buffer 61 again, and there will be a risk of use. Means are required to monitor the condition of the elevator buffer 61 to ensure that the elevator buffer 61 has returned to its initial free condition when the car 21 again moves to the bottom landing level. Therefore, it is preferable that an electric switch is provided on the elevator buffer 61 to monitor whether the elevator buffer 61 is restored to the initial free state.

Further, in normal operation of the elevator, since the elevator buffer 61 is in a compressed state when the car 21 is at the bottom landing leveling position, the bump 71 already contacts the elevator buffer 61 when the car 21 is at a distance from the bottom landing leveling position. Practical experimental experience shows that, at this time, the car 21 still has a certain speed, and strong oscillation and abnormal sound are generated when the car collides with the elevator buffer 61, so that riding comfort is affected. According to a lot of tests on a real elevator, the driving device 31 acts in advance under the command of the control device 53 before the elevator car 21 descends to reach the flat landing position of the bottom landing, namely before the collision block 71 connected with the elevator car 21 collides with the elevator buffer device 61 under the normal operation of the elevator, so that the collision speed of the collision block 71 in contact with the elevator buffer device 61 is reduced to be within the speed range of not higher than 9 m/min, which is a better scheme.

Further, the third position W3 of the buffer contact surface of the elevator buffer is higher than the bottom landing, i.e. L2-L21 > PD.

The technical schemes ensure that the elevator system also ensures the stability of the operation of the elevator and good riding comfort under the condition of realizing the target of smaller pit depth requirement. By applying the technical scheme provided by the patent, the minimum pit depth PD value can be reduced to be below 0.2 m. In combination with the new technology application of the car bottom 21a with thinner thickness, the minimum pit depth PD value can be reduced to below 0.1 m.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the buffer device is installed in a hoisting type elevator system without a machine room, and unlike the first embodiment, the car 21 is replaced with the elevating platform 26 in the present embodiment.

The elevator buffer 61 is disposed outside the projection plane of the elevating platform 26. The elevating platform 26 is connected with a collision block 71 matched with the elevator buffer 61. In normal operation of the elevator, when the landing 26 is in the bottom landing leveling position, the elevator buffer 61 is in a compressed state. Similarly, the elevator system can meet the requirement of smaller pit depth, and meanwhile, the running stability of the elevator is ensured, and the riding comfort is good.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments and examples, but these should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Numerous variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (16)

1. A multi-position elevator buffer device is vertically arranged on the pit plane of a hoistway, the impact contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer device and a lifting assembly is a buffer contact surface,

the buffer contact surface of the multi-position elevator buffer has a first position, a second position and a third position;

when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the first position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in an initial free state;

when the buffer contact surface is positioned at the second position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a partial compression state, and the lifting assembly is positioned at the leveling position of the bottom layer landing;

when the buffer contact surface is located at the third position, the multi-position elevator buffer device is in a fully compressed state, and the lifting assembly is lower than the leveling position of the bottom layer landing.

2. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein during normal elevator operation, said buffer contact surface moves from the first position to the second position under the urging of the lift assembly, and wherein the force exerted by the elevator buffer on the lift assembly is less than the weight of the lift assembly.

3. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the elevator buffer applies less than half of the force of gravity to the lift assembly during normal elevator operation.

4. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the elevator buffer applies a force to the lift assembly that is less than the weight of the lift assembly when the buffer contact surface is in the second position during normal elevator operation.

5. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein said buffer contact surface moves from a first position to a second position under the urging of the elevator assembly during normal elevator operation; when the buffer contact surface is in impact contact with the lifting assembly or the lifting assembly accessory, the running speed of the lifting assembly when the buffer contact surface is located at the first position is actively controlled, and the speed is less than or equal to 9 m/min.

6. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1 wherein the elevator assembly impacts said buffer contact surface during abnormal elevator operation, the elevator assembly being buffered for deceleration by the multi-position elevator buffer.

7. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the multi-position elevator buffer includes a reset device for restoring the buffer contact surface from the second position or the third position to the first position in the absence of external pressure.

8. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein said buffer contact surface has a first position that is higher than a bottom surface of said hoist assembly when said hoist assembly is in a bottom landing level position at a hoistway vertical height.

9. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the second position of the buffer contact surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lift assembly when the lift assembly is in the bottom landing level position at the hoistway vertical height.

10. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the difference in height between the second position and the third position of the buffer contact surface is greater than or equal to 5mm in the hoistway vertical height.

11. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 1, wherein said buffer is a dissipative buffer.

12. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 1, wherein said buffer is a hydraulic buffer.

13. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 1, wherein said buffer is a hydraulic buffer capable of continuous, multiple compression.

14. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the lifting assembly is an elevator car.

15. The multi-position elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the lift assembly is a lift platform.

16. An elevator system using the multiple position elevator buffer of any of claims 1-15, comprising:

a hoistway along which the lift assembly moves vertically, the multi-position elevator buffer disposed within the hoistway.

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