CN212051598U - Zinc recovery device of blast furnace or shaft furnace - Google Patents
Zinc recovery device of blast furnace or shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN212051598U CN212051598U CN202020564570.4U CN202020564570U CN212051598U CN 212051598 U CN212051598 U CN 212051598U CN 202020564570 U CN202020564570 U CN 202020564570U CN 212051598 U CN212051598 U CN 212051598U
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 253
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 253
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 83
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
A zinc recovery device of a blast furnace or a shaft furnace belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and comprises an annular smoke leading-out flue, a smoke leading-out pipe, a smoke leading-out pipeline, a heat exchanger, a smoke leading-back pipeline, an annular smoke leading-back flue and a smoke leading-back pipe. The utility model discloses an utilize and set up annular flue in the high region of the zinc vapor pressure of blast furnace or shaft furnace, draw the flue gas outside the stove with the pipeline to enter the heat exchanger and carry out the condensation and retrieve zinc, in order to realize the metallic state recycle of zinc in blast furnace or the shaft furnace. The utility model solves the problem of smooth smelting of high-zinc materials, enables the high-zinc materials to be normally used, changes solid wastes into valuable resources, and realizes the metallic recovery of valuable metallic zinc of the high-zinc materials; and a large amount of metal zinc can be obtained, and the problem of zinc resource shortage in China is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the metallurgy, in particular to zinc recovery unit of blast furnace or shaft furnace.
Background
In the smelting process of blast furnace iron making, shaft furnace steel making or direct reduction shaft furnace, zinc can be repeatedly and circularly enriched in the furnace, so that the furnace condition is poor, and the production efficiency is influenced.
When the blast furnace is smelted, zinc oxide or metal zinc exists in the materials, wherein the zinc oxide is reduced into the metal zinc by reducing gas, the metal zinc is vaporized into zinc steam at high temperature, the zinc steam rises in the furnace along with flue gas, the materials meet the low temperature and are condensed into liquid zinc or solid zinc, the materials rise in temperature along with descending, and the materials are vaporized into the zinc steam again, so that the zinc steam is repeatedly circulated in the furnace, the air permeability of furnace charge can be deteriorated when the zinc steam is enriched to a certain degree, the normal operation of the furnace is influenced, and the problem exists for many years in the blast furnace smelting.
At present, a shaft furnace with gas generation for steelmaking by using scrap steel also has the problem of zinc enrichment, because the shaft furnace steelmaking uses broken scrap steel as a raw material, the content of zinc in broken materials is very high, the shaft furnace with gas generation is in a reducing atmosphere, the zinc can be generated in the steelmaking shaft furnace under the same condition as a blast furnace, the zinc is repeatedly enriched in the furnace, and when the zinc is enriched to a certain degree, the air permeability of the furnace is deteriorated, and the normal production is influenced.
At present, zinc-containing dust treatment in steel smelting becomes an industrial problem, a common method is to recover part of zinc oxide dust in sintering flue gas, recover part of high-zinc dust in blast furnace smelting, and have no way for enriching zinc steam in a furnace, so that the furnace condition is not smooth when high-zinc-containing raw materials are used, and production is stopped due to poor air permeability often. Many high zinc containing materials are therefore not used by any means, forming a truly useless solid waste.
In the steel-making production, the converter steel-making production process occupies a leading position, and in the converter steel-making process, the weight proportion of the added scrap steel is about 15%, and some steel mills reach 20%, and the zinc content of the scrap steel is increased sharply with the continuous increase of the proportion of the automobile scrap steel in China, so that the zinc content of the converter smoke dust is increased. The converter smoke treatment is difficult due to the increase of the zinc oxide content in the converter smoke. At present, a lot of converter smoke enters a blast furnace system in the converter smoke treatment process, so that the blast furnace has high zinc load and influences the smelting operation and the furnace life. In order to not influence the normal operation of smelting, many steel enterprises are afraid of using dust with high zinc content, and a large amount of metallurgical dust with high zinc content becomes solid waste and is accumulated.
The shortage of zinc resources in China is that on one hand, a large amount of zinc ores need to be imported every year, on the other hand, a lot of zinc resources are wasted, and simultaneously, a large amount of solid waste pollution is caused. The utility model provides a recovery unit of blast furnace and shaft furnace metal zinc has solved the processing problem of high zinciferous solid waste, can retrieve a large amount of metal zinc simultaneously to alleviate the zinc resource shortage problem of china, realize the green utilization of resources useless admittedly, turn the harm into the profit, changing waste into valuables.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a zinc recovery unit of blast furnace or shaft furnace, according to the furnace internal pressure different, the physical state transition temperature of zinc is different, the enrichment area of zinc also differs, through pressure and the temperature distribution who confirms different sections in the stove, according to the vapour pressure and the temperature pressure relation curve of zinc again, the circulation area of zinc is prejudged, then set up the annular flue for the district's section of gaseous state enrichment at blast furnace or shaft furnace zinc, draw the flue gas outside the stove with the pipeline, and go into zinc recovery unit, in order to realize blast furnace or shaft furnace zinc's recycle, then draw the flue gas back to the stove in, continue to smelt or heat, its concrete technical scheme is as follows:
a method of zinc recovery in a blast furnace or shaft furnace comprising the steps of:
step 1, setting an annular flue:
analyzing a gasification area and a solid zinc enrichment area of zinc in a smelting furnace according to an internal temperature area and pressure distribution of the smelting furnace of an iron-making blast furnace, a steel-making shaft furnace or a direct reduction shaft furnace, wherein n lead-out air holes are formed in a zinc vapor pressure area in the smelting furnace, an annular lower smoke channel 1 for leading out smoke is arranged outside the smelting furnace, n air holes with the same number and size as those of the lead-out air holes of the smelting furnace are formed in the annular smoke channel 1 for leading out the smoke, the lead-out air holes of the smelting furnace are connected with the air holes of the annular smoke channel 1 for leading out the smoke through a lead-out smoke pipe 2, and a lead-out smoke pipe valve 3 is arranged on the lead-out smoke; then, m air return holes are arranged above the air outlet hole of the smelting furnace, an annular flue 13 for returning the flue gas is arranged outside the smelting furnace, m air holes are arranged on the annular flue 13 for returning the flue gas, the air return holes of the smelting furnace are connected with the air holes of the annular flue 13 for returning the flue gas through a flue gas return pipe 14, a flue gas return pipe valve 15 is arranged on the flue gas return pipe 14, and the flow of the flue gas is adjusted; as shown in fig. 1-4;
a tail end gas outlet of the led-out flue gas annular flue 1 is connected with a led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a led-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 is arranged at a gas inlet end of the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 and a water outlet 8 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the heat exchanger 6, a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9, the led-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of an inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline valve 12 is arranged in the middle of the return flue gas pipeline 11, and a; as shown in fig. 1, 4, 6;
and 3, recovering zinc:
firstly, the heat exchanger 6 is connected with circulating cooling water, then a leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, a leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12 and a leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15 are opened in sequence, the flow rate of flue gas is controlled, zinc steam enters a leading-out flue gas annular flue 1 along with the flue gas through a leading-out flue gas pipe 2 and enters a leading-out flue gas pipeline 4, then the flue gas enters a heat exchanger 6 for cooling, the flow rate of circulating cooling water is controlled, the cooling capacity of the flue gas passing through the heat exchanger 6 is adjusted, the condensation temperature of the heat exchanger 6 is controlled to be within the range of 30-100 ℃, when the flue gas containing zinc steam passes through the heat exchanger 6, the zinc is condensed and adsorbed on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6, the specific selection of the temperature drop amplitude depends on the requirements of the production process, the temperature drop amplitude is large, the speed of recovering the zinc is high, the zinc recovery time can be shortened, but the temperature drop is large, the heat loss is larger, and the smelting process is influenced; other flue gas passing through the heat exchanger 6 sequentially passes through the return flue gas pipeline 11 and the return flue gas annular flue 13, and finally passes through the return flue gas pipe 14 to circularly enter the smelting furnace; after enough zinc is condensed, circulating cooling water of the heat exchanger 6 is adjusted, the internal temperature of the heat exchanger 6 is controlled to reach 450-480 ℃, so that zinc solidified on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6 is completely melted and falls into a zinc collecting groove 9 below, a zinc outlet 10 is opened, zinc water flows out, or when smoke dust is more and the zinc outlet 10 is blocked, a smoke outlet pipe valve 3, a smoke outlet pipe valve 5, a smoke return pipe valve 12 and a smoke return pipe valve 15 are closed in sequence, smoke in a smelting furnace is prohibited to flow into a pipeline, when the temperature of a zinc recovery device is reduced to an operable temperature, a cabin door of the heat exchanger 6 is opened, the zinc collecting groove 9 is directly taken out, and primary zinc recovery is completed;
in the step 1, the smelting furnace return air inlet is arranged above the smelting furnace return air inlet, the air pressure at the smelting furnace return air inlet is greater than that at the smelting furnace return air inlet, the air pressure difference between the smelting furnace return air inlet and the smelting furnace return air inlet is greater than the pressure loss of the return air inlet, the pressure loss of the return air inlet and the pressure loss of the return air inlet, and the residual smoke after zinc recovery is sucked back into the smelting furnace by using the pressure difference in the furnace as power;
the device used in the zinc recovery method of the blast furnace or the shaft furnace comprises an annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, a flue gas leading-out pipe 2, a flue gas leading-out pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6, a flue gas leading-back pipeline 11, a flue gas leading-back annular flue 13 and a flue gas leading-back pipe 14, wherein n air holes are formed in the inner side of the pipe wall of the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, and the air holes of the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out are connected with the flue gas leading-out pipe 2 and are used for being communicated with a smelting furnace; a tail end gas outlet of the annular flue for leading out the flue gas 1 is connected with a flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger 6, and a water outlet 8 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchanger 6; a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, and a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9; the tail gas outlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas inlet of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet end of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the gas inlet of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, m gas holes are arranged on the inner side of the pipe wall of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, and the gas holes of the returning flue gas annular flue 13 are connected with a returning flue gas pipe 14 for communicating with the smelting furnace; as shown in fig. 5-6;
the leading-out flue gas pipe 2 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, and the leading-back flue gas pipe 14 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15;
the inlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, and the outlet end of the leading-back flue gas pipeline 11 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12;
the leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 and the leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12 preferably adopt double valves or water-cooling valves so as to prevent gas leakage;
the shell linings of the annular smoke leading-out flue 1, the smoke leading-out pipe 2, the smoke leading-out pipe valve 3, the smoke leading-out pipeline 4, the smoke leading-out pipeline valve 5, the zinc collecting groove 9, the smoke returning pipeline 11, the smoke returning pipeline valve 12, the smoke returning annular smoke leading-out flue 13, the smoke returning pipeline 14, the smoke returning pipeline valve 15 and the heat exchanger 6 are made of high-temperature-resistant materials.
The utility model discloses a zinc recovery unit of blast furnace or shaft furnace, compared with the prior art, beneficial effect is:
firstly, the zinc-containing flue gas is led out to recover the metal zinc through the heat exchanger, so that the problem of unsmooth operation of the smelting furnace caused by zinc enrichment is solved, the operation resistance of the furnace is reduced, the problem of smooth operation of production is solved, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled.
And secondly, after the flue gas enters a furnace body of the zinc recovery device, the pressure is stabilized, the speed is reduced, the flue gas is distributed, and then the flue gas is contacted with a heat exchanger for cooling, and the zinc vapor is liquefied or condensed and attached to the surface of the heat exchanger. Because the opportunity that the heat exchanger contacts with the flue gas is limited, part of the zinc steam and the zinc drops which are condensed into liquid state are not captured by the heat exchanger and escape with the flue gas, the flue gas after temperature reduction and zinc extraction is led back to the blast furnace or the shaft furnace by a pipeline, so that the effects of no environmental pollution and clean zinc removal are achieved, and the zinc steam which is not captured is returned to the furnace for continuous circulation. The heat loss in the zinc extraction process is less, the normal smelting is not influenced, and the furnace condition can be smooth after the zinc is recovered, thereby reducing the running resistance, realizing energy conservation and ensuring the smooth production.
And thirdly, returning the zinc-containing flue gas into the furnace to continuously go upwards to heat the material, cooling the flue gas after heat exchange with the material, continuously reducing the saturated vapor pressure of zinc along with the continuous reduction of the temperature of the flue gas, continuously condensing and separating out the zinc, adhering the zinc to the furnace charge, going downwards along with the material, gasifying the zinc along with the rise of the lower temperature, and repeatedly recycling and enriching, so that the zinc recovery device is repeatedly started in an enrichment area to remove zinc, a large amount of zinc can be repeatedly recovered, and the effect of totally-enclosed recycling zinc removal is achieved.
And fourthly, the flue gas is continuously led out for cooling and zinc extraction, the vapor pressure of zinc in the flue gas in the furnace is lower and lower, the recovery efficiency is reduced, when the partial pressure of zinc is reduced to a certain degree, the operation of a zinc recovery device is suspended, the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the flue gas of the smelting furnace is utilized by the return air power, and the power energy is saved.
Fifth, the zinc recovery method of the utility model is different from the normal zinc production method, because most of the zinc can be enriched in the furnace, the escape amount is limited, as long as the smelting production is not affected, the recovery is not needed to be thorough. And when the zinc is enriched to a certain concentration and then recovered, the recovery efficiency can be improved, and the recovery cost is reduced.
Sixthly, when the ventilation property in the smelting furnace is recovered to be normal, the dezincing operation is suspended, the utility model discloses the method carries out intermittent type formula dezincing operation, reducible calorific loss, reduction working costs.
And seventhly, the conventional zinc recovery is to recover zinc oxide ash firstly and then carry out a series of sorting reduction, and the recovery production process has high energy consumption and high cost. The method directly obtains the metal zinc, so that the recovery of the zinc is more energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient.
Eighthly, zinc is only recovered in the stove in the tradition, and the unable recovery in the stove can not solve the out-of-order problem of furnace condition, the utility model discloses a retrieve zinc in the stove, can guarantee in real time that the smelting of stove ironmaking, shaft furnace steelmaking or direct reduction shaft furnace is in the same direction as going.
In conclusion, the utility model solves the problem of smooth smelting of high-zinc materials, enables the high-zinc materials to be normally used, enables solid wastes to become valuable resources, and realizes the recovery of valuable metal zinc of the high-zinc materials; the implementation of the patent can obtain a large amount of metal zinc and can relieve the problem of zinc resource shortage in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blast furnace provided with a zinc recovery device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view A-A of the connection between the return flue gas annular upper flue of the zinc recovery unit and the blast furnace;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view B-B of the connection between the annular lower flue for the extracted flue gas of the zinc recovery unit and the blast furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shaft furnace provided with a zinc recovery device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of a zinc recovery method apparatus for a blast furnace or a shaft furnace;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a heat exchanger of a zinc recovery method apparatus for a blast furnace or a shaft furnace;
in the figure: 1-leading out a smoke annular flue, 2-leading out a smoke pipe, 3-leading out a smoke pipe valve, 4-leading out a smoke pipeline, 5-leading out a smoke pipeline valve, 6-a heat exchanger and 7-a water inlet; 8-water outlet, 9-zinc collecting groove, 10-zinc outlet, 11-smoke returning pipeline, 12-smoke returning pipeline valve, 13-smoke returning annular flue, 14-smoke returning pipeline and 15-smoke returning pipeline valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
30m for a certain iron and steel enterprise3The blast furnace smelting furnace is used for recovering zinc-containing iron and steel dust, and because the zinc load is too large, the blast furnace is usually shut down for cleaning because of too large blast resistance, several tons of zinc can be cleaned out in each cleaning, and solidified zinc also exists in furnace wall gaps, thereby greatly influencing the service life of a furnace body.
A method of zinc recovery in a blast furnace or shaft furnace comprising the steps of:
step 1, setting an annular flue:
during the overhaul of the blast furnace smelting furnace, the zinc concentration is 30m according to the distribution area of zinc in the smelting furnace 36 lead-out air holes are arranged in the area of 750 ℃ in the blast furnace, an annular flue 1 for leading out flue gas is arranged outside the blast furnace, and a ring for leading out flue gas is arranged6 air holes with the same quantity and size as the blast furnace lead-out air holes are arranged on the shaped flue 1, the lead-out air holes of the blast furnace are connected with the air holes of the lead-out flue gas annular flue 1 through a lead-out flue gas pipe 2, a lead-out flue gas pipe valve 3 is arranged on the lead-out flue gas pipe 2, and the flow of flue gas is adjusted; then, 6 air return holes are arranged 1.5 meters above the blast furnace air outlet hole, a return flue gas annular flue 13 is arranged outside the blast furnace, 6 air holes with the same number and size as the smelting furnace air return holes are arranged on the return flue gas annular flue 13, the air return holes of the blast furnace and the air holes of the return flue gas annular flue 13 are connected through a return flue gas guide pipe 14, and a return flue gas guide pipe valve 15 is arranged on the return flue gas guide pipe 14 to adjust the flow rate of flue gas; as shown in fig. 1-3;
a tail end gas outlet of the led-out flue gas annular flue 1 is connected with a led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a led-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 is arranged at a gas inlet end of the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 and a water outlet 8 are respectively arranged above and below the heat exchanger 6, a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9, the led-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of an inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline valve 12 is arranged in the middle of the return flue gas pipeline 11, and a gas outlet end of the return flue; as shown in fig. 1 and 6;
and 3, recovering zinc:
the method comprises the following steps of using low-zinc sinter ore at the early stage of operation of a blast furnace smelting furnace, using high-zinc sinter ore when the furnace is in normal operation, obviously increasing air supply resistance after the blast furnace is operated for two days, starting zinc recovery, firstly, connecting circulating cooling water into a heat exchanger 6, then, sequentially opening a lead-out flue gas pipe valve 3, a lead-out flue gas pipe valve 5, a lead-back flue gas pipe valve 12 and a lead-back flue gas pipe valve 15, controlling flue gas flow rate, enabling zinc steam to enter a lead-out flue gas annular flue 1 along with flue gas through a lead-out flue gas pipe 2 and enter a lead-out flue gas pipe 4, then, entering the heat exchanger 6 for cooling, controlling the flow rate of cooling medium water of the heat exchanger 9 by using a variable frequency water pump, adjusting the cooling capacity of the flue gas through the heat exchanger 6, controlling the condensation temperature of the; when the flue gas containing zinc steam passes through the heat exchanger 6, zinc is condensed and adsorbed on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6, other flue gas passing through the heat exchanger 6 sequentially passes through the return flue gas pipeline 11 and the return flue gas annular flue 13, and finally passes through the return flue gas pipe 14 to circularly enter the blast furnace, and the return power comes from the pressure difference between the air outlet and the air inlet of the blast furnace; operating for 6 hours, after enough zinc is condensed, regulating the flow of the flue gas through a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, and regulating to close circulating cooling water of a heat exchanger 6, wherein the internal temperature of the heat exchanger 6 reaches 480 ℃, so that zinc solidified on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6 is completely melted and falls into a zinc collecting groove 9 below, a zinc outlet 10 is opened, and the zinc water flows out and is continuously collected; and closing the leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, the leading-out flue gas pipe valve 5, the leading-back flue gas pipe valve 12 and the leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15 in sequence, and forbidding the flue gas in the blast furnace to flow into the pipeline to finish primary zinc recovery.
5.5 tons of zinc are recovered, and the blast of the blast furnace smelting furnace returns to normal after zinc removal. After the operation for 28 hours, blowing difficulty appears again, zinc recovery is carried out again, the operation for 4 hours is carried out, 4.8 tons of zinc are recovered, zinc is removed once a day later, and the average zinc recovery time is 4.5 tons each time. In the process of removing zinc, the blast furnace smelting furnace normally operates, which slightly influences the blast furnace ironmaking capacity, but the yield after zinc removal is obviously higher than that before zinc removal, and the average utilization coefficient is about 4.2. The coke ratio is 690 kg standard coal/ton iron, and if zinc is taken into consideration, the energy consumption is 658 kg standard coal/ton iron and zinc.
The device used in the zinc recovery method of the blast furnace comprises an annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, a flue gas leading-out pipe 2, a flue gas leading-out pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6, a flue gas leading-back pipeline 11, a flue gas leading-back annular flue 13 and a flue gas leading-back pipe 14, wherein n air holes are formed in the inner side of the pipe wall of the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, and the air holes leading-out the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out are connected with the flue gas leading-out pipe 2 and are used for being communicated with a smelting furnace; a tail end gas outlet of the annular flue for leading out the flue gas 1 is connected with a flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger 6, and a water outlet 8 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchanger 6; a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, and a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9; the tail gas outlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas inlet of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet end of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the gas inlet of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, m gas holes are arranged on the inner side of the pipe wall of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, and the gas holes of the returning flue gas annular flue 13 are connected with a returning flue gas pipe 14 for communicating with the smelting furnace; as shown in fig. 5-6;
the leading-out flue gas pipe 2 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, and the leading-back flue gas pipe 14 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15;
the inlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, and the outlet end of the leading-back flue gas pipeline 11 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12;
the leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 and the leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12 preferably adopt double valves or water-cooling valves so as to prevent gas leakage;
the shell linings of the annular smoke leading-out flue 1, the smoke leading-out pipe 2, the smoke leading-out pipe valve 3, the smoke leading-out pipeline 4, the smoke leading-out pipeline valve 5, the zinc collecting groove 9, the smoke returning pipeline 11, the smoke returning pipeline valve 12, the smoke returning annular smoke leading-out flue 13, the smoke returning pipeline 14, the smoke returning pipeline valve 15 and the heat exchanger 6 are made of high-temperature-resistant materials.
Example 2
A certain iron and steel enterprise has a full steel scrap steelmaking shaft furnace, a high-temperature gas generating furnace is matched behind the shaft furnace, the temperature of gas after the gas generating furnace is higher than 1000 ℃, the high-temperature gas returns to the shaft furnace to preheat scrap steel, the smoke in the furnace is a reducing atmosphere, all scrap steel used by the shaft furnace is broken materials, the content of zinc is higher, the capacity of the steelmaking shaft furnace is 90 tons of steel produced per hour, the air induction difficulty occurs in the operation process, and furnace charge blockage caused by zinc enrichment is found after the furnace is shut down.
A method for zinc recovery in a shaft furnace, comprising the steps of:
step 1, setting an annular flue:
according to the distribution area of zinc in a shaft furnace smelting furnace, 8 leading-out air holes are formed in the 720 ℃ area in the shaft furnace, an annular flue 1 for leading out flue gas is arranged outside the shaft furnace, 8 air holes with the same number and size as those of the leading-out air holes of the shaft furnace are arranged on the annular flue 1 for leading out flue gas, the leading-out air holes of the shaft furnace and the air holes of the annular flue 1 for leading out flue gas are connected through a leading-out flue gas pipe 2, a valve 3 for leading out flue gas pipe is arranged on the leading-out flue gas pipe 2, and the flow rate of; then, 8 air return guiding holes are arranged 2 meters above the air outlet hole of the shaft furnace, an annular flue 13 for guiding back flue gas is arranged outside the shaft furnace, 8 air holes with the same number and size as the air return guiding holes of the shaft furnace are arranged on the annular flue 13 for guiding back flue gas, the air return guiding holes of the shaft furnace and the air holes of the annular flue 13 for guiding back flue gas are connected through an air return guiding pipe 14, an air return guiding pipe valve 15 is arranged on the air return guiding pipe 14, and the flow of flue gas is adjusted; as shown in fig. 4;
a tail end gas outlet of the led-out flue gas annular flue 1 is connected with a led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a led-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 is arranged at a gas inlet end of the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the led-out flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 and a water outlet 8 are respectively arranged above and below the heat exchanger 6, a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9, the led-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of an inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, a return flue gas pipeline valve 12 is arranged in the middle of the return flue gas pipeline 11, and a gas outlet end of the return flue; as shown in fig. 4 and 6;
and 3, recovering zinc:
when the induced draft resistance of a smelting furnace is obviously increased, zinc recovery is started, firstly, circulating cooling water is introduced into a heat exchanger 6, then a leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, a leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12 and a leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15 are sequentially opened, the flue gas flow rate is controlled, zinc steam enters a leading-out flue gas annular flue 1 along with flue gas through a leading-out flue gas pipe 2 and enters a leading-out flue gas pipeline 4, then the zinc steam enters the heat exchanger 6 for cooling, a variable frequency water pump is used for controlling the flow rate of cooling medium water of a heat exchanger 9, the cooling capacity of the flue gas passing through the heat exchanger 6 is adjusted, the condensation temperature of the heat exchanger 6 is reduced to 50 ℃, the cooling water; when the smoke containing zinc steam passes through the heat exchanger 6, zinc is condensed and adsorbed on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6, other smoke passing through the heat exchanger 6 sequentially passes through the return smoke pipeline 11 and the return smoke annular flue 13, and finally passes through the return smoke pipeline 14 to circularly enter the shaft furnace, and the return air power is from the pressure difference between the air outlet and the air inlet of the shaft furnace; after enough zinc is condensed in the operation for 6 hours, the flow of the smoke is adjusted through the lead-out smoke pipeline valve 5 until the circulating cooling water of the heat exchanger 6 is closed, the internal temperature of the heat exchanger 6 reaches 450 ℃, so that the zinc solidified on the inner surface of the heat exchanger 6 is completely melted and falls into the lower zinc collecting tank 9, the zinc outlet 10 is opened, the zinc outlet 10 is blocked by dust paste, then the lead-out smoke pipeline valve 3, the lead-out smoke pipeline valve 5, the lead-back smoke pipeline valve 12 and the lead-back smoke pipeline valve 15 are closed in sequence, the smoke in the smelting furnace is prevented from flowing into the pipeline, and finally, when the temperature of the zinc recovery device is reduced to the operable temperature, the cabin door of the heat exchanger 6 is opened, the zinc collecting tank 9 is directly taken out, and the.
4.5 tons of zinc are recovered, and the shaft furnace is induced with air to recover normal after zinc removal. After 25 hours of operation, the air induction is difficult again, zinc recovery is carried out again, the operation lasts for 3 hours, 4.1 tons of zinc are recovered, the zinc is removed once a day later, and the average zinc recovery time is 4.0 tons. In the process of removing zinc, the normal operation of the shaft furnace smelting furnace slightly influences the productivity of the shaft furnace, but the yield after zinc removal is obviously higher than that before zinc removal, and the influence on the energy consumption of the shaft furnace is very small.
The device used in the zinc recovery method of the shaft furnace comprises an annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, a flue gas leading-out pipe 2, a flue gas leading-out pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6, a flue gas returning pipeline 11, a flue gas returning-out annular flue 13 and a flue gas returning-out pipe 14, wherein n air holes are formed in the inner side of the pipe wall of the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out, and the air holes of the annular flue 1 for leading flue gas out are connected with the flue gas leading-out pipe 2 and are used for being communicated with a smelting furnace; a tail end gas outlet of the annular flue for leading out the flue gas 1 is connected with a flue gas pipeline 4, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the flue gas pipeline 4, a water inlet 7 is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger 6, and a water outlet 8 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchanger 6; a zinc collecting groove 9 is arranged in the heat exchanger 6, and a zinc outlet 10 is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove 9; the tail gas outlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is communicated with the front part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas inlet of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the tail part of the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet end of the returning flue gas pipeline 11 is connected with the gas inlet of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, m gas holes are arranged on the inner side of the pipe wall of the returning flue gas annular flue 13, and the gas holes of the returning flue gas annular flue 13 are connected with a returning flue gas pipe 14 for communicating with the smelting furnace; as shown in fig. 5-6;
the leading-out flue gas pipe 2 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipe valve 3, and the leading-back flue gas pipe 14 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipe valve 15;
the inlet end of the leading-out flue gas pipeline 4 is provided with a leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5, and the outlet end of the leading-back flue gas pipeline 11 is provided with a leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12;
the leading-out flue gas pipeline valve 5 and the leading-back flue gas pipeline valve 12 preferably adopt double valves or water-cooling valves so as to prevent gas leakage;
the shell linings of the annular smoke leading-out flue 1, the smoke leading-out pipe 2, the smoke leading-out pipe valve 3, the smoke leading-out pipeline 4, the smoke leading-out pipeline valve 5, the zinc collecting groove 9, the smoke returning pipeline 11, the smoke returning pipeline valve 12, the smoke returning annular smoke leading-out flue 13, the smoke returning pipeline 14, the smoke returning pipeline valve 15 and the heat exchanger 6 are made of high-temperature-resistant materials.
Claims (5)
1. The zinc recovery device of the blast furnace or the shaft furnace is characterized by comprising a leading-out flue gas annular flue (1), a leading-out flue gas pipe (2), a leading-out flue gas pipeline (4), a heat exchanger (6), a leading-back flue gas pipeline (11), a leading-back flue gas annular flue (13) and a leading-back flue gas pipe (14), wherein n air holes are formed in the inner side of the pipe wall of the leading-out flue gas annular flue (1), and the air holes of the leading-out flue gas annular flue (1) are connected with the leading-out flue gas pipe (2) and are used for being communicated with a smelting furnace; a tail end gas outlet of the annular flue (1) for leading out the flue gas is connected with a flue gas leading-out pipeline (4), a heat exchanger (6) is arranged on the flue gas leading-out pipeline (4), a water inlet (7) is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger (6), and a water outlet (8) is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchanger (6); a zinc collecting groove (9) is arranged in the heat exchanger (6), and a zinc outlet (10) is arranged at the lower part of the zinc collecting groove (9); the afterbody of drawing forth flue gas pipeline (4) is given vent to anger and is held and be linked together with heat exchanger (6) inner chamber front portion, and the air inlet of drawing back flue gas pipeline (11) is connected with the inner chamber afterbody of heat exchanger (6), the air inlet of drawing back flue gas annular flue (13) is connected to the end of giving vent to anger of drawing back flue gas pipeline (11), the pipe wall inboard of drawing back flue gas annular flue (13) is provided with a m gas pocket, the gas pocket of drawing back flue gas annular flue (13) is connected with draws back flue gas pipe (14) for communicate smelting furnace.
2. A zinc recovery device for a blast furnace or shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the outgoing flue gas duct (2) is provided with an outgoing flue gas duct valve (3) and the return flue gas duct (14) is provided with a return flue gas duct valve (15).
3. Zinc recovery device for a blast furnace or shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the outlet flue gas duct (4) is provided with an outlet flue gas duct valve (5) and the outlet end of the return flue gas duct (11) is provided with a return flue gas duct valve (12).
4. A zinc recovery unit for a blast furnace or shaft furnace as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the outlet flue gas duct valve (5) and the return flue gas duct valve (12) are double valves or water cooled valves to prevent gas leakage.
5. The zinc recovery device of the blast furnace or the shaft furnace according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the outgoing flue gas annular flue (1), the outgoing flue gas pipe (2), the outgoing flue gas pipe valve (3), the outgoing flue gas pipeline (4), the outgoing flue gas pipeline valve (5), the zinc collecting groove (9), the return flue gas pipeline (11), the return flue gas pipeline valve (12), the return flue gas annular flue (13), the return flue gas pipe (14), the return flue gas pipe valve (15), and the shell lining of the heat exchanger (6) and the high-temperature flue gas contact material are all made of high-temperature resistant materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020564570.4U CN212051598U (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Zinc recovery device of blast furnace or shaft furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020564570.4U CN212051598U (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Zinc recovery device of blast furnace or shaft furnace |
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| CN212051598U true CN212051598U (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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| CN202020564570.4U Withdrawn - After Issue CN212051598U (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Zinc recovery device of blast furnace or shaft furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
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2020
- 2020-04-16 CN CN202020564570.4U patent/CN212051598U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN111349793B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2024-06-07 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
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