CN102329909B - Method for extracting iron particles and zinc powder from dust of steel and iron plant - Google Patents
Method for extracting iron particles and zinc powder from dust of steel and iron plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting iron particles and zinc powder from dust of a steel and iron plant. The method for extracting the iron particles and the zinc powder from the dust of the steel and iron plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) pressing the dust of the steel and iron plant, dolomite and adhesive in a mass ratio of 1: (0.05-0.1): (0.03-0.06) by a ball press to form raw balls; 2) conveying the dried raw balls to a rotary hearth furnace, and performing high-temperature reduction; and 3) discharging the reduced cured balls out of the furnace through a spiral discharger arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, cooling, and screening to obtain the iron particles; preferentially reducing zinc in the raw balls into zinc steam in the rotary hearth furnace under the actions of reductive atmosphere and high temperature, and discharging the zinc steam from the rotary hearth furnace together with the flue gas generated in the rotary hearth furnace to form zinc-containing flue gas; introducing the zinc-containing flue gas to a bag-type dust collector, and catching and reclaiming the zinc oxide dust in the zinc-containing flue gas to obtain the zinc powder; and discharging the residual waste gas to the atmosphere through a chimney under the action of a draught fan. The method reduces the production energy consumption and the cost, and can realize comprehensive utilization of resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of from Dust of Iron And Steel Works, extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder.
Background technology
Along with the importance of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources is familiar with by people day by day, the requirement that national energy-saving reduces discharging is day by day urgent, the research recycle of Dust of Iron And Steel Works (containing iron and zinc in this dust) treatment technology is become a large emphasis on metallurgical boundary.
Comprise in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart that ironmaking, steel-making, hot rolling, cold rolling and public additionally arranging execute etc., annual, each operation produces a large amount of blast furnace dusts, converter dust, iron scale, waste etc., if do not reclaimed, contaminate environment not only, and increase the outward transport processing costs, aggravate enterprise's production cost.If recycle by rational technique, then can realize turning waste into wealth, reduce enterprise's production cost, alleviate environmental pressure, bring good economic benefit and social benefit.
At present, process the method for Dust of Iron And Steel Works or technique own is backward, energy consumption is high, uneconomical, or feasible process, but do not grope good process control method, processing power, reduction ratio are all undesirable, remain further to be explored.Given this, the dust of current most of Steel Plant or accumulation deposit, or externally sell a part, after developing into certain phase, correlation technique considers again these dust are processed.
Therefore, develop a kind of cost-effective Dust of Iron And Steel Works treatment process, to reducing waste discharge, reduce environmental pollution and enterprise's production cost, improve the comprehensive utilization of resources level, strengthen iron and steel enterprise's competitive power, realize that the China Steel industrial sustainable development has vital role.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of method of extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works, and the method can realize the utilization of resource.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts: a kind of method of extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) mass ratio by Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar, caking agent is 1: 0.05～0.1: 0.03～0.06, with Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar and caking agent mixing on mixing machine, then be sent to the green-ball that ball press is pressed into 7～13mm, the green-ball of making enters in the dryer dry again, the moisture of green-ball is down to below the 2wt%, obtains dried green-ball;
Iron-holder 〉=45wt% in the described Dust of Iron And Steel Works contains Zn 〉=2wt%;
2) dried green-ball is distributed into carries out high temperature reduction in the rotary hearth furnace; The control temperature is at 1150～1350 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace, wherein the oxidizing temperature of oxidation zone is controlled at 1150～1200 ℃, the reduction temperature of reduction zone is controlled at 1200～1350 ℃, the residence time of green-ball in rotary hearth furnace is 20 minutes, comprised oxidation zone 4～8 minutes, reduction zone 12～16 minutes, wherein, the atmosphere of oxidation zone is controlled to be O in the rotary hearth furnace
210～15vol%, CO 0～3vol%, CO
25～10vol%, H
20～2vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen; The atmosphere of reduction zone is controlled to be O
20～3vol%, CO 5～10vol%, CO
2Be 8～12vol%, H
20～2vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen;
3) green-ball is reduced to the ripe ball of high temperature after rotating a circle with the siege of rotary hearth furnace, and the ripe ball that then reduction is good discharges out of the furnace by the screw discharger that is arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, and is sent to the cooling of finished product cooler; In the finished product cooler, slag phase natural degradation breaks away from naturally with the metal abrasive grit, obtains abrasive grit by mechanical grading at last through the cooled material of finished product cooler, the grade 〉=93wt% of abrasive grit iron content, for steel-making converter or electric furnace directly;
For the extraction of zinc powder, under the effect of green-ball (containing zinc) reducing atmosphere and high temperature in rotary hearth furnace, the zinc in the green-ball is formed zinc fume by preferential reduction, discharges in rotary hearth furnace with the flue gas that rotary hearth furnace produces, and forms to contain the zinc flue gas; Contain the zinc flue gas through waste heat boiler recovery part heat, the zinc fume that contains in the zinc flue gas becomes oxide powder and zinc, and the heat of simultaneously waste heat boiler recovery can pass into the power station and carry out steam-electric power; The zinc flue gas that contains behind waste heat boiler then enters interchanger (plate-type heat exchanger) and carries out heat exchange, be used for preheating rotary hearth furnace combustion air, the temperature that contains the zinc flue gas further reduces, lead to sack cleaner, contain the recovery that is captured of zinc oxide dust in the zinc flue gas, obtain the crude zinc powder, ZnO content 〉=50wt%; Remaining waste gas enters atmosphere by chimney under the effect of induced draft fan.
Described Dust of Iron And Steel Works is the mixing of any one or any two or more (containing two kinds) in the sintering dust separation ash that (comprises ironmaking, steel-making, hot rolling, cold rolling) in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart and produce, blast furnace dedusting ash, blast furnace dust, blast furnace gas mud, converter dust-removing ash, converter gas ash, converter gas mud, the iron scale etc., is any proportioning during any two above (containing two kinds) mixing.
Described caking agent is alternative organic adhesive, molasses or diatomite.
Principle of the present invention is: green-ball dust in the high temperature reduction process is become metallic zinc and iron by fast restore.CaO in the green-ball and SiO
2At high temperature generate 2CaOSiO by solid state reaction
22CaOSiO
22130 ℃ of fusing points, the reduction temperature control of dust in rotary hearth furnace of not allocating under normal circumstances CaO in the green-ball into can not be above 1250 ℃, and owing to adding more CaO in the batching, so that the fusing point of slag phase is improved, melting phenomenon does not occur in the reduction process, the raising of temperature so that the reduction ratio of the metal of green-ball in stove also be improved, ripe ball come out of the stove after from high temperature to the subcooling process, 2CaOSiO
2Crystalline structure change, from α-2CaOSiO
2To α '-2CaOSiO
2And β-2CaOSiO
2Change, when temperature is lower than 670 ℃, be transformed into γ-2CaOSiO
2, simultaneously volumetric expansion 10%.2CaOSiO
2From the β type is transformed into the process of γ type, be " shape of blooming " and expand, natural degradation occurs, this process implementation the natural separation of slag and iron granule.So slag phase and the metallic particles of cooled reduzate after by efflorescence forms, last only the need obtains metallic particles by mechanical grading.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the reduction temperature control of technique in stove of traditional rotary hearth furnace processing Dust of Iron And Steel Works can not be too high, the metallic reducing rate is low, ripe ball after coming out of the stove need add molten point electric furnace or process through other molten division technique could be so that the separation of slag iron, need just can obtain the needs that ferrous products satisfies the subsequent technique STEELMAKING PRODUCTION through two-step approach, and the energy consumption of molten minute process itself is higher, so that the products production cost is high.Simultaneously, in to flue gas, in the removal process of zinc oxide, taked various process programs for the needs that utilize fume afterheat, but domestic various schemes all do not obtain good effect at present, affect production efficiency, have improved production cost.And present method has thoroughly changed traditional operational path, by improving proportioning raw materials, optimizes atmosphere Composition Control in the rotary hearth furnace, and single stage method is smelted can obtain product, has simplified operational path, has reduced production energy consumption and cost, and product extremely has competitive power.In addition, in the removal process of zinc powder, by step access waste heat boiler and plate-type heat exchanger, improve Steel Plant's comprehensive utilization of resources level, reduced energy consumption, had good economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below by accompanying drawing, but be not construed as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of from Dust of Iron And Steel Works, extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder, it comprises the steps:
1) mass ratio by Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar and caking agent is 1: 0.08: 0.04, choose Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar and caking agent, mixing on mixing machine, then be sent to the green-ball that ball press is pressed into 7～13mm, the green-ball of making enters in the dryer dry again, the moisture of green-ball is down to below the 2wt%, obtains dried green-ball;
Described Dust of Iron And Steel Works is all kinds of iron dust containings that produce in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart; It is 50wt% that iron dust containing prepares rear iron content, and zinc is 2wt%;
Described caking agent is diatomite;
2) dried green-ball is sent to the buffer bin of rotary hearth furnace, and evenly be distributed into by swing belt conveyor and carry out high temperature reduction in the rotary hearth furnace, rotary hearth furnace can adopt various geseous fuel, for effectively energy-saving and cost-reducing, combustion air adopts oxygen enrichment, can reduce about oxygen enrichment 5vol% (volume) about fuel consumption 35vol% (volume), by firing system the atmosphere in stove control is divided into oxidation zone and reduction zone, come furnace atmosphere at the bottom of the regulating rotary to guarantee the high reduction ratio of metal with this; The control temperature is at 1150～1350 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace, wherein the oxidizing temperature of oxidation zone is controlled at 1150～1200 ℃, the reduction temperature of reduction zone is controlled at 1200～1350 ℃, the residence time of green-ball in rotary hearth furnace is 20 minutes, comprised oxidation zone 8 minutes, reduction zone 12 minutes, wherein, the atmosphere of oxidation zone is controlled to be O in the rotary hearth furnace
212vol%, CO 1vol%, CO
28vol%, H
21vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen; The atmosphere of reduction zone is controlled to be O
22vol%, CO 8vol%, CO
2Be 10vol%, H
21vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen;
3) green-ball is reduced to the ripe ball of high temperature after rotating a circle with the siege of rotary hearth furnace, and the ripe ball that then reduction is good discharges out of the furnace by the screw discharger that is arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, and is sent to the cooling of finished product cooler; In the finished product cooler, slag phase natural degradation breaks away from naturally with the metal abrasive grit, obtains abrasive grit by mechanical grading at last through the cooled material of finished product cooler, for steel-making converter or electric furnace directly;
For the extraction of zinc powder, under the effect of green-ball (containing zinc) reducing atmosphere and high temperature in rotary hearth furnace, the zinc in the green-ball is formed zinc fume by preferential reduction, discharges in rotary hearth furnace with the flue gas that rotary hearth furnace produces, and forms to contain the zinc flue gas; Contain the zinc flue gas through waste heat boiler recovery part heat, the zinc fume that contains in the zinc flue gas becomes oxide powder and zinc, and the heat of simultaneously waste heat boiler recovery can pass into the power station and carry out steam-electric power; The zinc flue gas that contains behind waste heat boiler then enters interchanger (plate-type heat exchanger) and carries out heat exchange, be used for preheating rotary hearth furnace combustion air, the temperature that contains the zinc flue gas further reduces, and leads to sack cleaner, contain the recovery that is captured of zinc oxide dust in the zinc flue gas, obtain zinc powder; Remaining waste gas enters atmosphere by chimney under the effect of induced draft fan.
Realize a kind of system that extracts abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works of aforesaid method, it comprises mixing machine, ball press, dryer, swing belt conveyor, rotary hearth furnace, screw discharger, finished product cooler, mechanical picker, waste heat boiler, interchanger, burner blower, fly-ash separator, induced draft fan, chimney; The input aperture of mixing machine receives Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar and caking agent, the delivery port of mixing machine (can be transfer lime or rotary conveyor etc. by handling equipment, below identical) input aperture of ball press is connected, the delivery port of ball press is connected with the input aperture of dryer by handling equipment, the delivery port of dryer is communicated with the input terminus of swing belt conveyor by handling equipment, swing belt conveyor is arranged in the buffer bin of rotary hearth furnace, the material delivery port of rotary hearth furnace is connected by the input aperture of screw discharger with the finished product cooler, and the delivery port of finished product cooler is connected with the input aperture of mechanical picker by handling equipment; The flue gas delivery port of rotary hearth furnace is connected with first medium (gas) input aperture of waste heat boiler by pipeline, the first medium delivery port of waste heat boiler is connected with first medium (gas) input aperture of interchanger by pipeline, the first medium of interchanger (gas) delivery port is connected with the input aperture of fly-ash separator by pipeline, the delivery port of burner blower is connected with the second medium input aperture of fly-ash separator by pipeline, and the second medium of fly-ash separator (rotary hearth furnace combustion air) delivery port is connected with the combustion air input aperture of rotary hearth furnace by pipeline; The delivery port of fly-ash separator is connected with chimney by pipeline, and pipeline is provided with induced draft fan.
Embodiment 2:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is: the mass ratio of Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar, caking agent is 1: 0.05: 0.03;
Described Dust of Iron And Steel Works is all kinds of iron dust containings that produce in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart (such as steel-making); It is 45wt% that iron dust containing prepares rear iron content, and zinc is 2wt%;
Described caking agent is molasses.
Embodiment 3:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is: the mass ratio of Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar, caking agent is 1: 0.1: 0.06,
Described Dust of Iron And Steel Works is all kinds of iron dust containings that produce in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart (such as hot rolling); It is 50wt% that iron dust containing prepares rear iron content, and zinc is 4wt%.
Embodiment 4:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is: described caking agent is organic adhesive (all organic adhesives all is applicable to the present invention).
Embodiment 6:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Step 2) in, the control temperature is at 1150 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace, wherein the oxidizing temperature of oxidation zone is controlled at 1150 ℃, the reduction temperature of reduction zone is controlled at 1200 ℃, the residence time of green-ball in rotary hearth furnace is 20 minutes, comprises oxidation zone 4 minutes, reduction zone 16 minutes, wherein, the atmosphere of oxidation zone is controlled to be O in the rotary hearth furnace
210vol%, CO
25vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen; The atmosphere of reduction zone is controlled to be CO 5vol%, CO
2Be 8vol%, all the other are nitrogen.
Embodiment 7:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Step 2) in, the control temperature is at 1350 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace, wherein the oxidizing temperature of oxidation zone is controlled at 1200 ℃, the reduction temperature of reduction zone is controlled at 1350 ℃, the residence time of green-ball in rotary hearth furnace is 20 minutes, comprises oxidation zone 8 minutes, reduction zone 12 minutes, wherein, the atmosphere of oxidation zone is controlled to be O in the rotary hearth furnace
215vol%, CO 3vol%, CO
210vol%, H
22vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen; The atmosphere of reduction zone is controlled to be O
23vol%, CO 10vol%, CO
2Be 12vol%, H
22vol% (volume percent), all the other are nitrogen.
Claims (4)
1. a method of extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) mass ratio by Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar, caking agent is 1: 0.05～0.1: 0.03～0.06, with Dust of Iron And Steel Works, rhombspar and caking agent mixing on mixing machine, then be sent to the green-ball that ball press is pressed into 7～13mm, the green-ball of making enters in the dryer dry again, the moisture of green-ball is down to below 2 wt%, obtains dried green-ball;
Iron-holder 〉=45wt% in the described Dust of Iron And Steel Works contains Zn 〉=2 wt%;
2) dried green-ball is distributed into carries out high temperature reduction in the rotary hearth furnace; The control temperature is at 1150～1350 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace, wherein the oxidizing temperature of oxidation zone is controlled at 1150～1200 ℃, and the reduction temperature of reduction zone is controlled at 1200～1350 ℃, and the residence time of green-ball in rotary hearth furnace is 20 minutes, wherein, the atmosphere of oxidation zone is controlled to be O in the rotary hearth furnace
210～15 vol%, CO 0～3 vol%, CO
25～10 vol%, H
20～2 vol%, all the other are nitrogen; The atmosphere of reduction zone is controlled to be O
20～3 vol%, CO 5～10 vol%, CO
2Be 8～12 vol%, H
20～2 vol%, all the other are nitrogen;
3) green-ball is reduced to the ripe ball of high temperature after rotating a circle with the siege of rotary hearth furnace, and the ripe ball that then reduction is good discharges out of the furnace by the screw discharger that is arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, and is sent to the cooling of finished product cooler; In the finished product cooler, slag phase natural degradation breaks away from naturally with the metal abrasive grit, obtains abrasive grit by mechanical grading at last through the cooled material of finished product cooler, for steel-making converter or electric furnace directly;
For the extraction of zinc powder, under the effect of green-ball reducing atmosphere and high temperature in rotary hearth furnace, the zinc in the green-ball is formed zinc fume by preferential reduction, discharges in rotary hearth furnace with the flue gas that rotary hearth furnace produces, and forms to contain the zinc flue gas; Contain the zinc flue gas through waste heat boiler recovery part heat, the zinc fume that contains in the zinc flue gas becomes oxide powder and zinc, and the heat of simultaneously waste heat boiler recovery can pass into the power station and carry out steam-electric power; The zinc flue gas that contains behind waste heat boiler then enters interchanger and carries out heat exchange, is used for preheating rotary hearth furnace combustion air, and the temperature that contains the zinc flue gas further reduces, and leads to sack cleaner, contains the recovery that is captured of zinc oxide dust in the zinc flue gas, obtains the crude zinc powder; Remaining waste gas enters atmosphere by chimney under the effect of induced draft fan.
2. a kind of method of from Dust of Iron And Steel Works, extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Dust of Iron And Steel Works is the mixing of any one or any two or more in the blast furnace dust that produces in Steel Plant's Production Flow Chart, converter dust, the iron scale, is any proportioning during any two above mixing.
3. a kind of method of extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described caking agent is organic adhesive or diatomite.
4. a kind of method of extracting abrasive grit and zinc powder from Dust of Iron And Steel Works according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described organic adhesive is molasses.
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| CN2011101991101A CN102329909B (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2011-07-15 | Method for extracting iron particles and zinc powder from dust of steel and iron plant |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103695665B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Process for recycling zinc and producing molten iron by using iron-containing zinc dust |
| CN105441687B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-12-07 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Dust of Iron And Steel Works recycles technique and system |
| CN106868241A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 北京亿玮坤节能科技有限公司 | Steel-making, ironmaking dedusting ash solid waste recovery system and its recovery method |
| CN106435161B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-08-17 | 马鞍山市双益机械制造有限公司 | Energy saving muffle pyrogenic process dezincification technique |
| CN106399671A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | System and method for treating pyrites by combining rotary hearth furnace with ore grinding magnetic separation equipment |
| CN106367585B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of system and method for rotary hearth furnace processing troilite |
| CN108456786A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-28 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | The method that Ou Yelu disposes metallurgy industry solid waste containing zinc |
| CN108611458B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-03-20 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Method for treating solid waste by rotary hearth furnace |
| CN110669942A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-10 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for treating zinc-containing dust in steel plant |
| CN112413597B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2023-02-03 | 北京中航天业科技有限公司 | Process for recycling dedusting ash in waste steel processing industry |
| CN112430741A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-02 | 唐山华纤科技有限公司 | Method for recovering zinc oxide from blast furnace cloth bag dust |
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