CN211407089U - Full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China - Google Patents
Full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China Download PDFInfo
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- CN211407089U CN211407089U CN201921952231.7U CN201921952231U CN211407089U CN 211407089 U CN211407089 U CN 211407089U CN 201921952231 U CN201921952231 U CN 201921952231U CN 211407089 U CN211407089 U CN 211407089U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China, which comprises four layers, namely an elevated layer, a middle layer, a basal layer and a matrix layer, wherein the elevated layer plant is a deep-root plant selected from one or more of broadleaf bellflower, pink, oriental pennisetum, rambutan, flower and leaf miscanthus, patrinia villosa, flat leaf thorn, Lansium hancei, digitalis, willow leaf white flower and panicle miscanthus; the middle layer plant is selected from plants with root depth between deep root system and shallow root system, and is selected from one or more of herba Salvia officinalis, radix Rhodiolae, herba Schizonepetae, radix Asteris, radix Oenotherae Erythrosepalae, herba Veronicae, Scutellariae radix, flos Trollii, radix Carpesii Cathayensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, and perennial root happiness; the basal layer plant is selected from one or more of needle leaf happiness, green carex, blue fescue, evergreen pink, rock blue and thin stem stipa, the utility model has the advantages of keep good growth state, water economy resource and low cost under the full sunshine state.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of landscape's technique and specifically relates to a north China area is based on full sunshine plant community of nature-simulated ecological landscape is related to.
Background
In the landscape architecture construction, urban planning personnel need to make planning and construction of towns from the ecological civilization perspective, so that the development of the towns can meet the requirements of social development, and the towns also become important areas for urban residents to enjoy leisure and entertainment. The plant landscape is the plant landscape which is extracted by art and applied to garden greening by combining the growth and distribution rules of plants in natural landscape, not only has original natural biological aesthetic feeling, but also meets the requirement of people on returning to nature, and the design inherits the principle of sustainable development, and plays an increasingly important role in the process of improving the urban status and creating the urban image.
Due to the architectural layout and the special artificially constructed plant layout in cities, the distribution of plant communities formed by plants in the natural state is greatly different. In nature, the plant community is very hierarchical under normal conditions, and along with the rising and falling of the sun, the plant community has the opportunity of getting sunlight and hiding under a big tree, so that the plant community can be protected from long-time sunlight. However, although there are tall buildings in the city, the tall buildings do not completely protect plant communities like trees. There are many areas in cities where plant landscape is artificially constructed, and these areas are not protected by the shadow of high-rise buildings, but are exposed to the sun for a long time or even exposed to the sun all day long. In the construction of plant communities in such regions, the choice of plant species is subject to considerable demands.
Under the common condition, the common plant landscape is established in the area which is irradiated by sunlight for a long time and even is exposed to the sun all day long, the normal growth of the plant is influenced due to the over sufficient sunlight after the plant is planted, and the ornamental value of the plant in the area is reduced; in addition, the water absorbed by the root system of the selected plant from the ground is far from meeting the water consumed by the plant to resist high-intensity sunlight irradiation, so that the plant needs to be continuously watered all year round, and huge water resource consumption is caused; considerable cost is required to be invested for maintaining the landscape, multiple times of weeding, fertilizing, trimming and the like are required in the maintenance period of the plants, and the maintenance cost is huge. In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, no suitable solution has been provided.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a north China area is based on the full sunshine plant community of nature-imitated ecological landscape, has and keeps good growth state, water economy resource and low cost's advantage under full sunshine state.
The above utility model discloses an above-mentioned utility model purpose can realize through following technical scheme: a full-sunlight plant community based on a nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China comprises an elevated skeleton layer, a middle layer and a basal layer, wherein the root depth of the elevated skeleton layer, the middle layer and the basal layer are sequentially reduced,
the high-frame layer is prepared from deep-rooted plants, preferably broad-leaved bellflower, herba Dianthi, Chinese pennisetum, Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus floridulus, Patrinia scabiosaefolia, Cress lanceolata, Echinops elengi, digitalis, Astera lanceolata, and Miscanthus sinensis;
the middle layer is prepared from plants with root depth between deep root system and shallow root system, preferably herba Salvia officinalis, radix Rhodiolae, herba Schizonepetae, radix Asteris, radix Oenotherae Erythrosepalae, herba Veronicae, Scutellariae radix, flos Trollii, radix Syzygii Aromatici, herba Pyrolae, herba Chenopodii Bicoloris leaf division medicinal flower, and perennial root happiness;
the basal layer is selected from plants with shallow root system, preferably needle leaf happiness, green carex, Lanceleaf fescue, evergreen pink, rock bluish green, and thin-stem stigmata glomerata.
By adopting the technical scheme, the full-sunlight plant community is a plant community which grows in a place irradiated by sunlight all day long, plants in the community need to be under the illumination condition for a long time even all day long, and in order to achieve the ornamental effect of the nature-simulated ecological landscape, the plants in the plant community do not influence the ornamental value of the plants under the condition. Therefore, the plants preferred by the plant community are all plants which like sunlight and are not easy to be exposed to the sun, and the plants are more beneficial to the growth of the plants when the sunlight is sufficient; the elevated layer is made of deep root plants, and the roots of the plants can go deep into the underground deeper position to search for water sources, so that the water sources of the plants in the elevated layer can be ensured to be sufficient, and the plants in the elevated layer cannot compete with other plants in the water sources; the middle layer is made of plants with root systems deep between the deep root system plants and the shallow root system plants, and the root systems of the plants in the middle layer are between the deep root system plants and the shallow root system plants, so that sufficient water and other nutrients are provided, and the plants can be promoted to grow healthily; the shallow root system plants are selected as the basal layer and can absorb shallow underground water and other nutrients, so that the shallow root system plants on the basal layer can grow better; just because the plant of different root system degree of depth is selected respectively to above-mentioned plant level, makes each layer be in different basement layers, can absorb the moisture and the nutrient of different levels, satisfies the physiological demand of the plant of level separately, no longer needs the manual work to water, consequently, the utility model discloses the plant community who founds still has the advantage of water economy resource.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the full-sunlight plant community also comprises a substrate layer covering the ground.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the plant is not planted to the matrix layer, has wholly laid saw-dust or little gravel subaerial, both can play fine effect of keeping moisture, can effectively prevent ruderal clump again, to a certain extent, has played the important role to plant community water economy resource and reduction weeding cost. Therefore, it is necessary to lay a substrate layer on the area where the plant colony is to be established after thorough weeding.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the selected plants are perennial native plants in the north China or perennial plants growing well in the north China.
By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the native plants adapt to local climate, have strong resistance and better adaptability, and on the other hand, the non-native plants are perennial plants which grow better in North China; on the other hand, perennial plants have long duration, and the selected perennial plants have long duration of 10-15 years, while most of common perennial plants can only last 2-3 years, and flowers of 1-2 years even can only last several months and need to be replaced again, so that the selected perennial plants have lower cost than common perennial plants and 1-2 year plants.
The utility model discloses further set up to: plants in each plant community and among each plant community have a symbiotic relationship.
By adopting the technical scheme, the selection of the plant species in each layer and the selection of the plant species among the layers have certain requirements, the plant species in each layer have a symbiotic relationship so as to be capable of normally growing, and if competition or other relationships exist among the plant species, the growth or even survival of one or more of the plant species can be influenced; the species between the layers should be in symbiotic relationship so that the plants in each layer can grow normally, and if the plants between the layers have competition or other relationship, the growth and even survival of one or more plants in one or more of the layers can be affected. Therefore, in order to make the plants in the plant community grow and survive better, the plants in the layers and in the symbiotic relationship between the layers should be selected for each plant layer.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the number of plants in the elevated layer accounts for 10% -20% of the total number of the whole plant community, the number of plants in the middle layer accounts for 50% -60% of the total number of the whole plant community, and the number of plants in the basal layer accounts for 20% -40% of the total number of the whole plant community.
By adopting the technical scheme, the number range of the three layers of plant communities is the ratio which is obtained according to statistical investigation and best accords with human aesthetic and ornamental values, and the number of the plants between the three layers is matched properly, so that the whole plant community has good stability, and the original plant community is endowed with aesthetic feeling.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the elevated layer is selected from plants with the plant height of 60-100 cm; the middle layer is made of plants with the plant height of 40-60 cm; the basal layer is a plant with the plant height of 20-40 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plant height of the elevated layer is higher than that of other layers, and the plant body is higher, so that the plant body can bear the structural property of the whole plant community and mainly play a role in supporting the whole plant community framework; compared with the plants in the elevated layer, the plants in the middle layer are relatively small, so that the plants visually have a very layered feeling and have original natural beauty; the plant height of the basal layer is the shortest of the three-layer plant community, the plant body is relatively small, and the basal layer covers the bare ground and plays a certain role in preventing surface water loss and fixing soil; the plants on the elevated layer, the middle layer and the basal layer have height difference, are well-distributed and well-arranged, not only have original natural biological aesthetic feeling, but also meet the psychological demand of people on returning to nature.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the thickness of the substrate layer is 10-15 cm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the matrix layer is in above-mentioned thickness, can play fine effect of keeping moisture, can effectively prevent ruderal bunch again, has played the important function to the normal growth that maintains the plant community.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the substrate layer is decomposed wood chips with the diameter of 3-4cm or gravel stones with the diameter of 1-2 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wood chips or the small gravel stones selected for the substrate layer are good materials capable of keeping ground moisture, and the materials with the diameters are covered on the ground, so that the ground can be well paved, gaps among the materials are avoided, the potential possibility that weeds go deep into the ground from the gaps can be effectively reduced, and the clustering of the weeds is effectively prevented.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the full-sunlight plant community simulating the natural ecological landscape is constructed by utilizing plants with different root system depths, the full-sunlight plants with different root system depths can automatically find a water source at corresponding underground depths, so that the full-sunlight plants can grow and mature, the effect of not watering all the year round can be achieved, and the full-sunlight plant community has the advantage of saving water resources.
2. Through selecting the plant of happy yang to construct the utility model discloses plant community, the plant community of construction falls and can keep good growing state under the full sunshine state.
3. The method has the advantages that the perennial native plants in the north China with symbiotic relationship with each other or the perennial plants growing well in the north China are utilized to construct the plant community simulating the natural ecological landscape, the cost is low, the symbiotic relationship among the plants is utilized, the maintenance cost of the plants in the later period in the growth process is reduced, and the selected perennial plants have strong adaptability compared with common perennial plants and 1-2 year-old plants and can continuously survive for a long time. Therefore, the plant community can achieve the effects of low establishment cost and maintenance cost after establishment and long lasting time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure, A, an elevated layer; B. an intermediate layer; C. a base layer; D. a matrix layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, for the utility model discloses a north China area is based on full sunshine plant community of nature-simulated ecological landscape divide into the three-layer according to the root system degree of depth of plant, including elevated layer A, intermediate level B and stratum basale C, ground cover matrix layer D, and the plant of different root system degree of depth is planted respectively to elevated layer A, intermediate level B, stratum basale C, and the plant is not planted to matrix layer D. The plant roots of different plant layers have different depths, so that the water and other nutrients of the layers where the respective roots are located can be absorbed respectively, the plants can be promoted to grow better, the effect of not watering all the year round can be achieved, and the purpose of saving a large amount of water resources is achieved. The plant community adopts perennial native plants in the north China or perennial plants growing well in the north China, and the plants are all plants which like sunlight and are not easy to be exposed to the sun, the growth of the plants is facilitated when the illumination is sufficient, and the established plant community can maintain a good growth state under the full-sunlight state.
The elevated layer A is prepared from deep root plant with plant height of 60-100cm and strong uprightness, and 1-2 plants, such as deep root plant, preferably broad leaf bellflower (Campanulaceae, Convolvulus), herba Dianthi (Caryophyllaceae, Carcinia orientalis (Carcinia Maultflora, Carcinia serrata (Carcinia Makino), Miscanthus floridus (Carcinia Makino, Carcinia Maultflora (Compositae, Carcinia Maultflora), and Carcinia Maultflora (Carcinia Maultflora, Carcinia, Carcin. The root system of the plant can go deep into the deeper underground position to search for the water source, and can not compete with the shallower plants of the root system in other levels for the water source, so that the water source of the plant in the elevated layer A can be ensured to be sufficient, and the plant in other levels can not compete with the plants in other levels for the water source, so that a series of negative symptoms can be generated due to water shortage.
The intermediate layer B is prepared from plants with root system of 40-60cm height and shallower than deep root system, and 6-10 plants, such as Salvia pratense (Salvia officinalis of Labiatae), Sedum octabaricum (rhodiola of Crassulaceae), herba Schizonepetae (Schizonepeta genus of Labiatae), radix Asteris (Aster genus of Compositae), radix Oenotherae (Oenothera genus of Epilobium of Scrophulariaceae), Scutellariae radix (Scutellaria genus of Labiatae), flos Trollii (Nelumbo of Ranunculaceae), radix Caryopteris (Caryophyllaceae), herba Andrographis (Labiatae), and radix Rhodiolae (Polemoniaceae). The depth of the root system of the plant is between the deep root system and the shallow root system plant, the root system is positioned above the deep root system plant root system, and the deep root system plant does not absorb water and other nutrients, so that the root system of the plant in the layer has sufficient water and other nutrients, and the plant can be promoted to grow healthily; the plants not only can play a role in bearing the ornamental value, the seasonal phase change, the color collocation and the color sensation change of the plant community, give the original natural biological aesthetic feeling to people, but also can attract more insect plants and increase the diversity of the plant community.
The basal layer C is prepared from shallow root system plants with plant height of 20-40cm, and 1-2 plants, such as Polygala conifolia (Mepolemoniaceae, Ceramium), Carex viridissima (Cyperaceae, Carex, Cyperaceae), Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass), Carcinia eversa (Caryophyllaceae, Carcinia Maultflora), Chlorella viridis (Labiatae, Chlorella) and Carpinia capillaris (Gramineae, Carpinia), all of which have shallow root system plants with shallow root depth into the ground, and can only absorb shallow underground water, and the other two layers of plants do not absorb water and other nutrients at the position, so that the shallow root system plants of the basal layer C can grow well at the position. The basal layer C is a bottoming layer of the whole plant community, covers the bare ground and plays a certain role in preventing surface water loss and fixing soil.
Broad-leaved bellflower, pink herb, Chinese pennisetum herb, miscanthus sinensis, meadowfoam, patrinia scabiosaefolia, aralia platyphylla, echinacea purpurea, digitaria lancifolia, valonia macrocarpa, miscanthus deliciosa and sage of the middle layer B, all-grass of rhodiola, schizonepeta, aster, evening primrose, grandma, scutellaria baicalensis, globeflower, alpinia davidiana, lobelia chinensis, atriplex petiolata flower, perennial prosperity and benomy of the basal layer C, green sedge, dactylicapnos lansium, arundina chinensis, glaucophyllum, and stigmata capillata of each layer and among all layers of plant communities, so that the plants can normally grow, and if competition or other relations exist among all layers of plant communities, the growth and even survival of one or more plants in one or more of the layers can be influenced.
The substrate layer D is of a structure covered with sawdust or small gravels, the sawdust with the diameter of 3-4cm or the small gravels with the diameter of 1-2cm are integrally paved, and the thickness of the substrate layer D is 10-15cm, so that the ground water can be well prevented from losing, the effect of keeping water is achieved, and a certain effect on saving water resources of plant communities is achieved; and because the sawdust and the gravel are densely paved, the weeds can be prevented from falling in the area and germinating at the deep roots, so that the clustering of the weeds can be effectively prevented, and the important effects on the stability of the plant community and the reduction of the weeding cost are achieved.
The following description is provided for a natural ecological landscape constructed by the present invention with a full-sunlight plant community as an example:
firstly, hierarchical collocation of plant communities: the constructed plant community of the nature-like ecological landscape comprises three layers, namely an elevated layer A plant, a middle layer B plant and a basal layer C plant, wherein the elevated layer A selects 2 deep root plants with the plant height of 60-100cm and strong uprightness, the middle layer B selects 6 plants with the root depth of 40-60cm and between the deep root system plant and the shallow root system plant, and the basal layer C selects 2 short shallow root system plants with the plant height of 20-40 cm.
Selecting plants of each layer to be planted, selecting Chinese pennisetum and broad-leaved bellflower as plants of the elevated layer A, selecting Sage, Sedum spectabilis, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Aster tataricus, Oenothera biennis, Veronica officinalis and Scutellaria baicalensis as plants of the middle layer B, selecting green bryophyllum and cymbopogon arundinacea as plants of the basal layer C, cleaning weeds on the surfaces of the selected plants, and preparing the plant number according to the proportion that the plants of the elevated layer A, the plants of the middle layer B and the plants of the basal layer C respectively account for 10%, 50% and 40% of the total plant community.
Then, weeds were removed: and spraying the herbicide once in a preset planting area, clearing the grown weeds after 7 days, spraying the herbicide again, observing whether new weeds grow out or not after 7 days, finishing the weeding process if no new weeds grow out, and repeating the weeding process again if no new weeds grow out. The weeds in the area where the plant community is to be established must be thoroughly cleaned to prevent the growth of the weeds in the later period from affecting the stability and the ornamental value of the whole plant community.
Then, laying a matrix layer D: the method has the advantages that 15cm of decomposed wood chips with the diameter of 3-4cm or gravel stones with the diameter of 1-2cm are covered in the weeding area, so that the loss of ground water can be well prevented, the effect of keeping water is achieved, and a certain effect on saving water resources of plant communities is achieved; and because the sawdust and the gravel are densely paved, the weeds can be prevented from falling in the area and germinating at the deep roots, so that the clustering of the weeds can be effectively prevented, and the important effects on the stability of the plant community and the reduction of the weeding cost are achieved.
Finally, planting the plants: before plants are planted, weeds in a plant pot need to be removed, and a layer of top soil on the soil lump top soil is cleaned, so that weed seeds in the top soil layer can be cleaned. Firstly, plants to be planted are placed at a designated position according to the level collocation of a planned plant community, the covered substrate layer D is pushed to two sides, holes with the size of plant soil lumps are dug out, the plants are placed in the dug holes and return to the soil, the substrate layer D recovers, and in the process of recovering the substrate layer D, attention is paid to not doping the soil into the substrate layer D. The plants of the elevated layer A and the intermediate layer B are evenly distributed among the plants of the basal layer C. Through the steps, the full-sunlight plant community simulating the natural ecological landscape can be constructed.
The utility model provides an ecological plant community chooses for use happy positive plant as the utility model discloses the plant that the plant community of founding selected, the plant community of founding falls and can keep good growing state under the full sunshine state to these plants adapt to north China's weather, and the resistance is than stronger. In order to ensure the annual ornamental effect of the community, the plants are matched according to the green turning time, the flowering time, the flower color and the structural landscape of the winter plants when the plants are selected, so that the good plant performance can be achieved all the year round. Furthermore, the utility model provides a full sunshine plant community level is clear, and the plant of different root system degree of depth is chooseed for use to each layer, can not compete for the water source, selects not to have the plant of tendentious when selecting the plant, lets them form a good symbiotic relation. The plants in the basal layer C also have the function of preserving ground moisture. In addition, the ground is covered with 10-15cm of substrate for water retention. After the plants in the common garden landscape are transplanted and survive, the plants need to be watered regularly, particularly for 6-9 months, and the plants need to be watered frequently to maintain the normal growth of the plants. Therefore, the utility model discloses the perennial full-length sunshine plant community who establishes has the effect of good water economy resource.
In the construction of the ecological plant community, the total investment is 180 yuan/square meter, the maintenance cost is 12 yuan/square meter, and the total cost per year is 192 yuan. The cost of the flower for the common landscape is 100 yuan/square meter once, the flower is changed for 3 times in one year on average, the cost is 300 yuan/square meter, the maintenance cost is 20 yuan/square meter/year, and the total cost per year is 320 square meters. In addition, the common garden landscape needs to be continuously invested every year, and after the ecological community is established, no cost is invested except annual maintenance cost. Therefore, the utility model discloses the ecological full sunshine plant community of establishment has the advantage of good saving input and maintenance cost.
This embodiment is the utility model discloses an it is preferred embodiment to be, not restrict according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, all according to the equivalent change of doing of structure, shape, the principle that belongs to under this real thinking, all should be covered in the utility model discloses an within the protection scope. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a north China area is based on full-length sunshine plant community of bionical nature ecological landscape, includes that the root system degree of depth becomes shallow elevated layer (A), intermediate level (B) and stratum basale (C) in proper order, its characterized in that:
the elevated layer (A) is selected from deep-rooted plant selected from one or more of broad leaf bellflower, herba Dianthi, herba Euphorbiae Fischerianae, Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus floridulus, Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch, radix Oenanthes Javanicae, Echinacea purpurea, radix rehmanniae, radix Asteris Lasiocladi, and Miscanthus sinensis;
the middle layer (B) is prepared from one or more plants with root depth between deep root system and shallow root system, selected from herba Salvia officinalis, radix Rhodiolae, herba Schizonepetae, radix Asteris, radix Oenotherae Erythrosepalae, herba Veronicae, Scutellariae radix, flos Trollii, radix Carpesii Cathayensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, and perennial root happiness;
the substrate layer (C) is selected from plants with shallow root system, and is selected from one or more of herba Asplenii Incisi, herba Caryopteridis Crassirhizomatis, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, radix Hedychii Macrophylli, herba Dracocephali and herba Imperatae.
2. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 1, characterized in that: the full-sunlight plant community also comprises a substrate layer (D) covering the ground.
3. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 1, characterized in that: the selected plants are perennial native plants in the north China or perennial plants growing in the north China.
4. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-like ecological landscape in North China according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: plants in each plant community and among each plant community have a symbiotic relationship.
5. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of plants in the elevated layer (A) accounts for 10% -20% of the total number of the whole plant community, the number of plants in the middle layer (B) accounts for 50% -60% of the total number of the whole plant community, and the number of plants in the basal layer (C) accounts for 20% -40% of the total number of the whole plant community.
6. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elevated layer (A) is selected from plants with the plant height of 60-100 cm; the middle layer (B) is a plant with the plant height of 40-60 cm; the substrate layer (C) is a plant with the plant height of 20-40 cm.
7. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thickness of the substrate layer (D) is 10-15 cm.
8. The full-sunlight plant community based on nature-simulated ecological landscape in North China according to claim 7, characterized in that: the substrate layer (D) is decomposed wood chips with the diameter of 3-4cm or gravel stones with the diameter of 1-2 cm.
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| CN117581758A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-02-23 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for planting moss in landscape Dan Biaomian |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117581758A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-02-23 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for planting moss in landscape Dan Biaomian |
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