CN211296331U - Series autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system - Google Patents
Series autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a series autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system, which comprises a fractional order transmitting circuit, a fractional order series receiving circuit and a load; the fractional order transmitting circuit is composed of a primary side fractional order inductance coil with the order more than 1, a first single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate, a primary side fractional order compensation capacitor with the order less than or equal to 1 and a second single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate which are connected in series; the fractional order series type receiving circuit is composed of a secondary fractional order inductance coil with the order less than or equal to 1, a third single-ended coupling capacitance metal pole plate, a secondary fractional order compensation capacitance with the order less than or equal to 1 and a fourth single-ended coupling capacitance metal pole plate which are connected in series. The utility model discloses need not plus high frequency power, utilize electric field and magnetic field coupling to supply power for the load, load resistance is less, and output and the interval of the invariable operation of system efficiency are big more, and adopt fractional order component to increase the degree of freedom of parameter selection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission's technique and specifically relates to indicate a tandem type autonomous electromagnetic field double coupling wireless power transmission system.
Background
According to different power transmission implementation mechanisms and modes, wireless power transmission technologies can be broadly classified into magnetic field coupling type wireless power transmission technologies, electric field coupling type wireless power transmission technologies, and microwave type wireless power transmission technologies. The microwave type has a long transmission distance, but has a very low efficiency, low power and serious dissipation, and is applied less at present. In practical applications, magnetic field coupling type and electric field coupling type have been studied in recent years because of their high transmission power and high efficiency. However, the transmission performance of both of these two methods is severely limited by the transmission distance. With the increase of the distance, the transmission efficiency will be greatly reduced, which is not beneficial to the practical application of the system. At present, the transmission distance of electric field coupling type wireless power transmission is mostly on the order of centimeters, and the transmission distance of magnetic field coupling type wireless power transmission is mostly on the order of tens of centimeters. How to effectively increase the distance of wireless power transmission and maintain the high efficiency of the system is an important problem facing the technology at present.
At present, conventional space electric field coupling type and magnetic field coupling type wireless power transmission systems may be classified into a series-series type, a series-parallel type, a parallel-series type, and a parallel-parallel type according to connection modes of inductors and capacitors. The transmitting circuit adopts a series connection suitable for a voltage source type inverter as a power supply to supply electric energy, and the receiving circuit adopts a series connection suitable for a current source type inverter as a power supply to supply electric energy. The receiving circuit is connected in series and is suitable for the application occasions of high-power loads, such as electric automobiles and the like, while the receiving circuit is connected in parallel and is suitable for the application occasions of low-power loads, such as consumer electronics products, such as mobile phones and the like, and different connection modes have great research significance and practical application value.
The concept of fractional order elements (i.e., fractional order inductance and fractional order capacitance) is derived from fractional order calculus. In fact, the inductance and capacitance elements of integer order do not exist in nature, but the fractional order of the inductance and capacitance adopted at present is close to 1. With the continuous and deep knowledge of the inductance and capacitance characteristics, the fractional order influence of the inductance and capacitance characteristics is considered, or the fractional order of the inductance and capacitance characteristics is purposefully utilized to improve the circuit performance, and the fractional order characteristics have proved to be more advantageous than the integer order components in some application occasions, such as the application in impedance matching circuits.
However, the application of the fractional order element in the electric field and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system is never mentioned, and the transmission efficiency of the existing electric field and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system is greatly influenced by the transmission distance, and generally the transmission efficiency is greatly reduced along with the increase of the distance, which is not beneficial to the practical application of the system. In addition, the resonant frequency of the resonator in the electric field and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system is easily shifted under the influence of ambient temperature, load, surrounding metal objects or electromagnetic environment. And the degree of freedom of system parameter design is small, the adjustable factors of output power and transmission efficiency are few, the system is easily limited by a high-frequency inverter power supply technology, and the wireless electric energy transmission with higher power and longer distance is difficult to realize.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a series autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system based on fractional order inductance, which utilizes a primary fractional order inductance coil with the order more than 1, a primary fractional order compensation capacitor with the order less than or equal to 1 and a fractional order series receiving circuit to form the autonomous system, so that the primary fractional order inductance coil provides energy for the whole fractional order electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system and participates in magnetic field coupling to transmit energy to a secondary fractional order inductance coil, and when the order is kept fixed, the working frequency and the inductance value can automatically follow the system parameter change, thereby realizing the double constancy of the transmission efficiency and the output power of the system, not only realizing the common energy transmission of an electric field and a magnetic field, greatly increasing the transmission distance and the transmission efficiency of the traditional electric field coupling and the magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission, the dimensionality of system parameter design is increased, and the inherent bottleneck problems of efficiency reduction or unstable output power caused by resonance frequency deviation, electric field coupling coefficient and mutual inductance coupling coefficient change of the traditional electric field coupling, magnetic field coupling and electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system are solved. And the smaller the series load resistance is, the longer the constant running distance of the output power and the transmission efficiency is, the more high-power and longer-distance realization is facilitated, and the application prospect of the wireless electric energy transmission in the high-power field of the electric automobile and the like is greatly widened.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a technical solution: a series autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system comprises a fractional order transmitting circuit, a fractional order series receiving circuit and a load, wherein the fractional order series receiving circuit is connected with the load; the fractional order transmitting circuit is composed of a primary side fractional order inductance coil with the order greater than 1, a first single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate, a primary side fractional order compensation capacitor with the order less than or equal to 1 and a second single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate which are connected in series; the primary side fractional order inductance coil has the property of negative resistance, and participates in magnetic field coupling to transfer energy to the fractional order series-connection type receiving circuit while providing energy for the whole system, and when the order is kept fixed, the working frequency and the inductance value of the primary side fractional order inductance coil can automatically follow the change of system parameters, so that the transmission efficiency and the output power of the system have strong robustness to the change of the system parameters and are constant; the apparent power of the primary side fractional order inductance coil is constant, and the primary side fractional order inductance coil has two working modes: the fractional order inductance coil has a constant order, the working frequency and the inductance value automatically follow the change of system parameters to keep the fractional order inductance coil to work stably, and the working frequency is fixed, and the order and the inductance value automatically follow the change of the system parameters to keep the fractional order inductance coil to work stably; the fractional order series type receiving circuit is composed of a secondary fractional order inductance coil with the order less than or equal to 1, a third single-ended coupling capacitance metal pole plate, a secondary fractional order compensation capacitance with the order less than or equal to 1 and a fourth single-ended coupling capacitance metal pole plate which are connected in series, the current gain is constant, the coupling interval with constant output power and transmission efficiency depends on load resistance, the smaller the load resistance is, the longer the critical coupling distance is, and the realization of the long-distance wireless power supply of a higher-power load is facilitated; the first single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the third single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into a pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar plates, and the second single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the fourth single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into another pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar plates; the primary side fractional order inductance coil and the secondary side fractional order inductance coil transfer electric energy through magnetic field coupling, meanwhile, displacement current is generated between each two pairs of coupling capacitance metal pole plates, electric energy is transferred through electric field coupling, coupling mechanisms generated by the two coupling modes are mutually overlapped, and wireless power supply is carried out on a load.
Further, the differential relation between the voltage and the current of the primary side fractional order inductance coil and the secondary side fractional order inductance coil satisfies the following conditions:
the phase relation satisfies:
wherein iLnIs the current of a fractional order inductor uLnIs the voltage of a fractional order inductor, LβnIs the inductance value of the fractional order inductor,
is the phase of a fractional order inductor, βnIs the order of a fractional order inductor, and 1<β1<2，0<β21, where n-1 or 2 denotes a transmitting circuit or a receiving circuit, respectively.
Further, the differential relation between the voltage and the current of the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor meets the following requirements:
the phase relation satisfies:
wherein iCnFor compensating the current of the capacitor in fractional order, uCnCompensating the voltage of the capacitor for fractional order, CαnIs the capacitance value of the fractional order compensation capacitor,
compensating the phase of the capacitor for fractional order, αnCompensating the order of the capacitance for fractional order, and 0<αn1, where n-1 or 2 denotes a transmitting circuit or a receiving circuit, respectively.
Further, when the order of the primary side fractional order inductance coil and the secondary side fractional order inductance coil is 1, the primary side fractional order inductance coil and the secondary side fractional order inductance coil are integer order inductance coils; when the order of the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor is 1, the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor are integer order capacitors.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and beneficial effect:
1. meanwhile, two transmission modes of electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling are utilized to wirelessly supply power to the load, so that the transmission efficiency of the system is improved compared with that of the traditional electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system, the transmission distance is increased, and long-distance and stable wireless power transmission is realized.
2. The space electric field and magnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission realized by adopting the fractional order element is completely different from the traditional electric field and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system, the freedom degree of parameter selection is increased, and the system design is facilitated.
3. The system has simple structure, does not need to be additionally provided with a high-frequency power supply, and gets rid of the development limitation of the high-frequency power supply technology.
4. The transmission efficiency and the output power of the system are insensitive to the change of the transmission distance, and stable wireless power transmission can be realized.
5. The transmission efficiency and output power of the system can automatically adapt to the changes of the electric field coupling coefficient, the mutual inductance coupling coefficient and the resonant frequency.
6. The primary side fractional order inductance coil provides energy for the whole system, and simultaneously participates in magnetic field coupling to transfer energy to the secondary side fractional order inductance coil.
7. The smaller the load resistance is, the larger the interval of constant operation of the output power and the system efficiency is, which is beneficial to the wireless power transmission with larger power and longer distance, is especially suitable for the application occasions of high-power loads, and widens the application prospect of the wireless power transmission technology in the high-power fields of electric automobiles and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific system structure provided in the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of a specific system provided in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the aspects and features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the serial autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transmission system provided in this embodiment includes a fractional order transmitting circuit, a fractional order serial receiving circuit and a load RLThe fractional order series type receiving circuit and the load RLConnecting; the fractional order transmitting circuit is composed of a primary side fractional order inductance coil L with the order more than 1 which is connected in seriesβ1A first single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate, a primary side fractional order compensation capacitor C with the order less than or equal to 1α1And a second single-ended coupling capacitor metal plate; the primary side fractional order inductance coil Lβ1The magnetic field coupling energy transmission circuit has the property of negative resistance, and participates in magnetic field coupling to transmit energy to a fractional order series receiving circuit while providing energy for the whole system, and when the order is kept fixed, the working frequency and the inductance value of the magnetic field coupling energy transmission circuit can automatically follow the change of system parameters, so that the transmission efficiency and the output power of the system have strong robustness to the change of the system parameters and are constant; the primary side fractional order inductance coil Lβ1Has two operating modes: firstly, the order of the fractional order inductance coil is constant, and the working frequency and the inductance value automatically follow the change of system parameters to keep the self stability of the fractional order inductance coilThe working frequency is fixed, and the order and the inductance value automatically follow the change of system parameters to keep the fractional order inductance coil to work stably; the fractional order series type receiving circuit comprises a secondary side fractional order inductance coil L which is connected in series and has the order less than or equal to 1β2A third single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate, a secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor C with the order less than or equal to 1α2The fourth single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate is formed, the current gain is constant, the coupling interval with constant output power and transmission efficiency depends on the load resistance, the smaller the load resistance is, the longer the critical coupling distance is, and the realization of the long-distance wireless power supply of a high-power load is facilitated, so that the application prospect of the wireless power transmission technology in the high-power field of electric vehicles and the like is further widened; the first single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the third single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into a pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar plates Cc1The second single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the fourth single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into another pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar plates Cc2(ii) a The primary side fractional order inductance coil Lβ1And secondary fractional order inductance coil Lβ2The two pairs of coupling capacitor metal polar plates C transmit electric energy through magnetic field couplingc1、Cc2Displacement current is generated between the two, electric energy is transmitted through electric field coupling, and coupling mechanisms generated by the two coupling modes are mutually superposed to form a load RLAnd performing wireless power supply.
The order and inductance of the primary side fractional order inductor and the secondary side fractional order inductor are β respectively1、β2And Lβ1、Lβ2The order and capacity of the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor are α1、α2And Cα1、Cα2. Impedance expressions of the primary side fractional order inductance coil, the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor, the secondary side fractional order inductance coil and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor are respectively as follows:
as can be seen from the above impedance expression, the fractional order inductance coil can be equivalent to a series connection of an integer order resistance and an integer order inductance which change with the operating frequency and the order, and the fractional order compensation capacitance can be equivalent to a series connection of an integer order resistance and an integer order capacitance which change with the operating frequency and the order, that is:
according to the coupled mode theory, the coupled mode equation of the system is as follows:
in the formula, a1And a2The energy storage method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) defining a complex variable stored by a primary side resonant circuit and a secondary side resonant circuit, wherein the square of a module value of the complex variable represents the energy stored by the resonant circuit, and the specific expression is as follows:
in the formula i1And i2Current of the transmitting circuit and current of the receiving circuit, u, respectivelyCα1_eqAnd uCα2_eqThe voltage of imaginary part impedance components of the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor and the secondary side fractional order compensation capacitor are respectively.
g1、τ2LGain ratio of the transmitting circuit and total loss ratio of the receiving circuit, respectively, and g1＝-(τCα1+τLβ1)，τ2L＝τCα2+τLβ2+τLIn which τ isCα1、τLβ1、τCα2、τLβ2、τLThe specific expressions are as follows:
ω1、ω2the resonant angular frequencies of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, are expressed as follows:
from the above formula, the resonance angular frequency of the system depends not only on the inductance value of the fractional order inductance coil and the capacitance value of the fractional order compensation capacitor, but also on the orders of the fractional order inductance coil and the fractional order compensation capacitor, whereas the resonance angular frequency of the conventional integer order electric field and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system is determined only by the inductance value and the capacitance value.
here, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,
Cc1and Cc2Is an equivalent capacitance of a single pair of coupled metal plates, generally having Cc1≈Cc2S is the area of the plate, d is the transmission distance, and kc、km<<1。
The condition for solving the existence of the steady state solution of the system according to the coupling mode equation is as follows:
further, it can be obtained from the formulae (1) and (11):
the transmission efficiency of the system can be obtained by the following general formula:
the output power is generally expressed as:
wherein:
in the formula ILβ1Is the effective current value of the primary fractional order inductor.
The working frequency of the system can be solved by the formula (1) as follows:
when the primary side fractional order inductor works in a mode with a fixed order, β is made1＝β0Is constant, the range of the electric field and mutual inductance coupling coefficient sum (also called electromagnetic field coupling coefficient) when the primary fractional order inductance order of the system obtained by the above formula is fixed is:
k0is the critical operating point of the system. When k isc+km<k0When the primary side fractional order inductor works in the order fixing mode, otherwise, the primary side fractional order inductor can not work stably without working frequency solution, so that the primary side fractional order inductor is automatically switched to the working frequency fixing mode, namely, omega is equal to omega2。
When k isc+km≥k0While the primary side fractional order inductor operates in the fixed order mode β1＝β0Let kmaxMaximum electromagnetic field coupling coefficient designed for the system. According to the equations (3) to (11), it can be found that when the system parameter satisfies the following equation:
then τL/τ2LIs approximately constant and the transmission efficiency can be approximated as:
the output power is approximately:
SLβ1is the apparent power of the primary fractional order inductance, so k is given by the above equationc+km≥k0The transmission efficiency and output power of the time system are independent of the electromagnetic field coupling coefficient and the resonant frequency.
When k isc+km<k0Then, the system transmission efficiency and output power obtained from equations (11) to (16) are:
according to the above analysis, the utility model provides a tandem type autonomous electromagnetic field double coupling wireless power transmission system simple structure is reliable, need not plus high frequency power supply, break away from the development restriction of high frequency power supply technique, and in the electromagnetic field coupling coefficient scope of design, no matter be electromagnetic field coupling coefficient's change or resonant frequency's skew, the system can all realize the transmission of the invariable efficient of efficiency and output, former limit fractional order inductance coil is when providing the electric energy for the system, still participate in magnetic field coupling and give vice limit fractional order inductance coil with the electric energy transmission, and critical coupling coefficient depends on load resistance's size, be favorable to realizing high-power, remote wireless power transmission, this has great difference with traditional wireless power transmission system, the utility model discloses the advantage of system is obvious, is worth promoting.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A series connection type autonomous electromagnetic field double coupling wireless power transmission system is characterized in that: the system comprises a fractional order transmission circuit, a fractional order series type reception circuit and a load (R)L) The fractional order series type receiving circuit and a load (R)L) Connecting; the fractional order transmitting circuit is composed of a primary side fractional order inductance coil (L) which is connected in series and has the order more than 1β1) A first single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate, a primary side fractional order compensation capacitor (C) with order less than or equal to 1α1) And a second single-ended coupling capacitor metal plate; the primary side fractional order inductor (L)β1) The energy storage battery has the property of negative resistance and supplies energy to the whole system; the primary side fractional order inductor (L)β1) Has two operating modes: the fractional order inductance coil has a constant order, the working frequency and the inductance value automatically follow the change of system parameters to keep the fractional order inductance coil to work stably, and the working frequency is fixed, and the order and the inductance value automatically follow the change of the system parameters to keep the fractional order inductance coil to work stably; the fractional order series type receiving circuit comprises a secondary fractional order inductance coil (L) with the order less than or equal to 1 connected in seriesβ2) A third single-end coupling capacitance metal polar plate, a secondary side fractional order compensation capacitance (C) with the order less than or equal to 1α2) The current gain is constant, the coupling interval with constant output power and transmission efficiency depends on the load resistance, the smaller the load resistance is, the longer the critical coupling distance is, and the realization of the long-distance wireless power supply of a higher-power load is facilitated; the first single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the third single-ended coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into a pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar platesPolar plate (C)c1) The second single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate and the fourth single-end coupling capacitor metal polar plate are matched into another pair of interactive coupling capacitor metal polar plates (C)c2) (ii) a The primary side fractional order inductor (L)β1) And a secondary fractional order inductor (L)β2) The two pairs of coupling capacitance metal polar plates (C) transmit electric energy through magnetic field couplingc1、Cc2) Displacement current is generated between the two, electric energy is transmitted through electric field coupling, and coupling mechanisms generated by the two coupling modes are mutually superposed to form a load (R)L) And performing wireless power supply.
2. A series-type autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transfer system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the primary side fractional order inductor (L)β1) And a secondary fractional order inductor (L)β2) The voltage and current differential relation satisfies:
the phase relation satisfies:
wherein iLnIs the current of a fractional order inductor uLnIs the voltage of a fractional order inductor, LβnIs the inductance value of the fractional order inductor,
is the phase of a fractional order inductor, βnIs the order of a fractional order inductor, and 1<β1<2，0<β21, where n-1 or 2 denotes a transmitting circuit or a receiving circuit, respectively.
3. A series-type autonomous electromagnetic field double-coupling wireless power transfer system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the primary side fractional order compensation capacitor (C)α1) And secondary side fractional order compensation capacitance (C)α2) The voltage and current differential relation satisfies:
the phase relation satisfies:
wherein iCnFor compensating the current of the capacitor in fractional order, uCnCompensating the voltage of the capacitor for fractional order, CαnIs the capacitance value of the fractional order compensation capacitor,
compensating the phase of the capacitor for fractional order, αnCompensating the order of the capacitance for fractional order, and 0<αn1, where n-1 or 2 denotes a transmitting circuit or a receiving circuit, respectively.
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