CN209139822U - A kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
A kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN209139822U CN209139822U CN201821896750.1U CN201821896750U CN209139822U CN 209139822 U CN209139822 U CN 209139822U CN 201821896750 U CN201821896750 U CN 201821896750U CN 209139822 U CN209139822 U CN 209139822U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment, including laser galvanometer system, powder-supply system, power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system；Power spreading device includes that smoke machine structure is blown in powdering scraper and acceleration；Acceleration, which is blown smoke machine structure and is arranged symmetrically, is distributed in powdering scraper two sides；Powdering scraper is using symmetrical reverse design；Forming workbench system includes substrate, movable base station, thrust ball bearing, preheating device, fixed base station, rotating device, vertical up-or-down movement device；Preheating device is arranged in inside movable base station；Powder-supply system is located at the top of power spreading device；Power spreading device is located at right above substrate midline position；The both ends of power spreading device are equipped with sensor；Laser galvanometer system, which is located above substrate, to be placed in out of my cabin；Smoke dust circulation filtration system is symmetrically distributed in the both ends of power spreading device.The utility model greatly shortens the powdering waiting time, and solving laser fusing, increasing material manufacturing forming efficiency is low leads to the high problem of part processing cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to metal laser increasing material manufacturing more particularly to a kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment.
Background technique
Precinct laser fusion (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) technology belongs to quickly solidification manufacturing process, is
A kind of one of most potential metal increases material manufacturing technology in forward position the most occurred the 1990s, by each prosperity
Country payes attention to, and becomes the strategic high ground that developed country actively seizes, will bring comprehensive deep reform of entire manufacturing system.Europe
Mei Deng developed country even promoted " reindustrialization ", " recapturing manufacturing industry again ", " reinvigorating a slumping economy " national strategy layer
Increasing material manufacturing industrial policy has all been formulated in face one after another, using it as one of the core technology for promoting national competitiveness.It initially by
Doctor M.Fockele et al. exploitation, is directly applied for a patent from shaping of metal powders densification part, and in 1997 for the first time with this.
The principle of SLM technology and selective laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS) technology is essentially identical, forming
Process is almost the same, the difference is that SLM technology is based on the compacting mechanism for being completely melt/solidifying, formation of parts compactness is remote
Higher than SLS technology, close to densification completely.This is mainly attributed to the continuous development of laser technology, laser energy density raising, hot spot
Diameter reduces, and metal powder material is enable to be completely melt.The compacting mechanism of SLM technology also assigns its very big advantage: such as
Fine and close highly complex part can be shaped, and the mechanical performances such as its tensile strength can be better than corresponding traditional casting or even energy
Reach forging level.And be completely melt due to print procedure material, spot diameter it is tiny, keep formation of parts precision higher.
The technology has simultaneously has liberated designer's design freedom significantly, can make multiple Assembly part integral formings, save material
Etc. advantages.
The general forming process of SLM technology is as follows: 1, the complex parts threedimensional model slice and support data that will be built up are led
Enter SLM device；2, SLM forming parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, sweep span etc. and scanning are selected according to material
Strategy；3, one layer of metal powder is spread with scraper on substrate, and is passed through inert gas toward equipment, until oxygen content is lower than specified
Value；4, laser starting transmitting laser, the selective melting of powder is completed according to planning parameters of scanning paths；5, substrate declines a thickness
Distance, scraper return to initial position (unidirectional) or directly (two-way) progress second layer powdering.The above steps are repeated until part
Forming terminates.6, it pickup and is post-processed.
From the forming process of SLM technology it can be found that SLM forming efficiency, which removes, is excited optical power, scanning speed, powder bed
It outside the effects of process parameters such as thickness, scanning line length, is largely influenced, and part is higher, is shaped by the powdering process waiting time
The number of plies is more, and powdering number is then more, and powdering duration is longer, and entire part machining period is caused to lengthen, and forming efficiency is lower.And
The more long release that can also cause process residual stress of machining period, leads to part buckling deformation, thus influence part at
Form quality amount.Therefore, SLM technology forming efficiency problem will become an important technology bottleneck for hindering it fast-developing.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment, to solve existing SLM skill
The problems such as deficiency on art forming efficiency；Make significantly improving for precinct laser fusion device efficiency.
To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment, including laser
Galvanometer system, powder-supply system, power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system；
The power spreading device includes that smoke machine structure is blown in powdering scraper and acceleration；The acceleration, which is blown smoke machine structure and is arranged symmetrically, to be distributed in
Powdering scraper two sides；The powdering scraper is using symmetrical reverse design；Guarantee that powder is fallen always when movable base station rotates
In front of scraper blade, the uniform powdering of entire base station is realized；
The forming workbench system includes substrate, movable base station, thrust ball bearing, preheating device, fixed base station, rotation
Device, vertical up-or-down movement device；The substrate is fixed on movable base station；The movable base station is fixed by thrust ball bearing
On fixed base station；The movable base station is also connected with rotating device, and movable base station is driven at the uniform velocity to rotate；The fixed base station with
The connection of vertical up-or-down movement device drives fixed base station vertical up-or-down movement；The preheating device is arranged in inside movable base station；
The both ends of the power spreading device are equipped with sensor；
The smoke dust circulation filtration system includes blowing cigarette device, smoking apparatus and external filtration system；It is described to blow cigarette device
Gaseous exchange is formed between smoking apparatus, air velocity is adjustable, and flue dust realizes the mistake of inert gas by external filtration system
It filters and is recycled；
The power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system are each provided in cabin；The powder-supply system position
It in the top of power spreading device, is placed in out of my cabin, powder can be added in real time, and supply powder for the intermittent quantitative and even of scraper, avoided into
Shape process interrupt；The power spreading device is located at right above substrate midline position；The laser galvanometer system is located at the top of substrate
It is placed in out of my cabin；The smoking apparatus of the smoke dust circulation filtration system is symmetrically distributed in the both ends of power spreading device；Realization and powdering
The gaseous exchange of device.Precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment outermost layer is equipped with a shell, can be by laser galvanometer system, confession
Powder system, power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system are built.
Further, the laser galvanometer system is heat point source laser galvanometer system, mainly includes laser generator, light
Fibre, collimator, beam expanding lens, galvanometer, field lens and optical splitter；Optical fiber plays laser conduction, is sequentially connected laser generator, collimation
Instrument, beam expanding lens, galvanometer, field lens；Laser generator generates laser beam, and collimator collimates light beam, and beam expanding lens is for adjusting
Beam diameter and the angle of divergence, galvanometer control scanning line direction and speed, and field lens is used for the calibration of hot spot and speed；It carries out as material
Fusing provide Gauss heat point source, and according to path planning complete scan.
Further, the acceleration is blown smoke machine structure and is designed using taper inflatable mouth, accelerates for air-flow.
Further, the preheating device is arranged in inside movable base station by the way of Spiral distribution, improves preheating temperature
Spend uniformity.
Further, the rotating device includes angular contact ball bearing, belt wheel mechanism and Miniature servo-motors；The corner connection
Touching ball bearing is connect with movable base station；The Miniature servo-motors drive movable base station by belt wheel mechanism and angular contact ball bearing
Uniform speed rotation.
Further, the vertical up-or-down movement device includes screw body, large-scale servo motor；The screw body with
The fixed base station connection；The large size servo motor drives fixed base station vertical up-or-down movement by screw body.
Further, the movable base station can realize continuous rotation.
Further, the laser galvanometer system is equipped with 2 sets or 4 sets or 8 sets or 12 sets.
Compared with prior art, the utility model is based on movable base station rotational symmetrical powdering and laser galvanometer system
With the increases material manufacturing technology of power spreading device Collaborative Control, it can be achieved that laser fusing forming progress synchronous with powdering movement, realizes paving
The powder time is most short, close to ignoring, greatly shortens the powdering waiting time, and it is low to solve laser fusing increasing material manufacturing forming efficiency
Lead to the high problem of part processing cost, is particularly suitable for the high efficiency forming of complicated metal parts.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is powdering apparatus structure schematic diagram in the precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment of the utility model；
Wherein 1 laser galvanometer system, 2 powder-supply systems, the 3 smoking circulatory systems, 4 power spreading devices, 5 substrates, 6 movable base stations, 7
Thrust ball bearing, 8 preheating devices, 9 fixed base stations, 10 angular contact ball bearings, 11 belt wheel mechanisms, 12 Miniature servo-motors, 13
Linkage, 14 large-scale servo motors, 4-1 doctor blade holder, 4-2 accelerating type blow smoke machine structure, 4-3 scraper blade, 4-4 powder falling mouth, 4-5 into
Gas, 4-6 outlet.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is explained in more detail below by by examples and drawings, but the following example and attached drawing are only
Be it is illustrative, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to these embodiments restrictions.In addition, sheet disclosed below is practical
Involved technical characteristic can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other in novel each embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The laser fusing increasing material manufacturing equipment of the utility model is as shown in Figure 1.The equipment includes the vibration of heat point source laser
Mirror system 1；Powder-supply system 2, power spreading device 4, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system.
Forming workbench system includes substrate 5, movable base station 6, thrust ball bearing 7, preheating device 8, fixed base station 9, angle
Contact ball bearing 10, belt wheel mechanism 11, Miniature servo-motors 12, screw body 13, large-scale servo motor 14.Substrate 5 is fixed on
6 on movable base station；Movable base station 6 is fixed on 9 on fixed base station by thrust ball bearing 7；Angular contact ball bearing 10 and movable base
Platform 6 connects, and Miniature servo-motors 12 drive movable base station 6 at the uniform velocity to rotate fortune by angular contact ball bearing 10 and belt wheel mechanism 11
It is dynamic.Screw body 13 connect with fixed base station 9, large-scale servo motor 14 by screw body 13 drive fixed base station 9 vertically on
Lower movement.Preheating device 8 inside movable base station 6, improves preheating temperature uniformity using Spiral distribution.The both ends of power spreading device
Equipped with sensor.
Laser galvanometer system 1 is heat point source laser galvanometer system, includes mainly laser generator, optical fiber, collimator, expands
Mirror, galvanometer and field lens；Gauss heat point source is provided for the fusing of material, and completes to scan according to path planning.Laser galvanometer system
Preferably it is equipped with 2 sets or 4 sets or 8 sets or 12 sets.
Smoke dust circulation filtration system includes blowing cigarette device, smoking apparatus 3 and external filtration system.
Power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system are each provided in cabin.Precinct laser fusion increases material system
Manufacturing apparatus outermost layer is equipped with a shell, can be by laser galvanometer system, powder-supply system, power spreading device, forming workbench system, cigarette
Dirt circulated filter system is built.Powder-supply system 2 is located at the top of power spreading device 4；Powder can be added in real time, and intermittent for scraper
Quantitative and even supplies powder, and forming process is avoided to interrupt；Power spreading device 4, which is located at right above 5 midline position of substrate, to be placed in out of my cabin；
The top that heat point source laser galvanometer system 1 is located at substrate 5 is placed in out of my cabin；1 scanning motion of heat point source laser galvanometer system with can
The rotary motion collaborative processing of dynamic base station 6 is realized that laser fusing forming is synchronous with powdering movement and is carried out；Realize the powdering time most
It is short, it is close to ignore.The smoking apparatus 3 of smoke dust circulation filtration system is symmetrically distributed in the both ends of power spreading device 4；Realize and
The gaseous exchange of power spreading device.
As shown in figure 3, power spreading device 4 includes 4-1 doctor blade holder, 4-2 accelerating type blows smoke machine structure, 4-3 scraper blade, 4-4 powder falling
Mouthful.It includes 4-5 air inlet, 4-6 outlet that 4-2 accelerating type, which blows smoke machine structure,.Acceleration, which is blown smoke machine structure and is arranged symmetrically, is distributed in powdering scraper two
Side；Powdering scraper is using symmetrical reverse design；Guarantee that powder is fallen in front of scraper blade always when movable base station rotates, it is real
The now uniform powdering of entire base station.Acceleration is blown smoke machine structure and is designed using taper inflatable mouth, accelerates for air-flow.
The specific implementation method of the utility model are as follows: substrate 5 is polished in advance be fixed on movable base station 6 and level to
The distance of mono- thickness of scraper blade 4-3 is carried out being heated to assigned temperature by preheating device 8, while being filled with indifferent gas in cabin
Body is lower than designated value until oxygen content.Preheating device 8 is arranged in inside movable base station 6, using Spiral distribution, improves temperature point
Cloth uniformity.Power spreading device 4 is located at right above substrate midline position, is defined as home position.Powder-supply system 2 is located at power spreading device
It right above 4 and is arranged in out of my cabin, is supplied convenient for real-time powder.Powder, powdering dress are injected toward power spreading device 4 by powder supply driving 2
Powder amount is set to be detected by the sensor at both ends.It completes to all pre-treatment preparations such as technological parameter setting, cabin inner ring
Border reaches preset value, and Miniature servo-motors 12 start, and drives round movable base station 6 at the uniform velocity to be rotated by belt wheel mechanism 10
Movement, rotation speed can be adjusted according to powdering quality.Movable base station 6 rotates 180 ° of pavings that entire processing plane can be realized
Powder.Smoke dust circulation filtration system is opened, and realizes the gaseous exchange of power spreading device 4 and the circulatory system 3 of smoking.Laser galvanometer system 1
Including laser generator, optical fiber, collimator, beam expanding lens, galvanometer, field lens, more set laser can be chosen according to forming dimension size
Galvanometer system is evenly arranged, preferable 2,4,8,12 sets of laser galvanometer system schemas, completes the splicing forming of part multizone.Laser
Galvanometer system 1 starts, and completes current layer according to planning parameters of scanning paths and chooses laser fusing forming.When shaping large-scale part,
Power spreading device 4 is located at 5 midline position of substrate, has partial occlusion to part forming, power spreading device 4 is according to planning parameters of scanning paths at this time
Intelligent selection, which is moved to the left or right, to be avoided, and in conjunction with the rotary motion of movable base station 6, realizes that entire big part is worked as with this
The forming of front layer.Power spreading device 4 realizes side-to-side movement by motor driven belt wheel transmission mechanism or lead screw transmission mechanism.It is to be formed
The forming of current layer is completed, power spreading device 4 returns to home position.Large-scale servo motor 14 drives screw body 13 to realize fixed base
Platform 9 moves down a thickness.Above step is repeated, realizes shaping for entire part.
Embodiment 2
The precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment of the utility model is as shown in Figure 2.The equipment includes that line heat source swashs
Light galvanometer system 1；Powder-supply system 2, power spreading device 4, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system.
Forming workbench system includes substrate 5, movable base station 6, thrust ball bearing 7, preheating device 8, fixed base station 9, angle
Contact ball bearing 10, belt wheel mechanism 11, Miniature servo-motors 12, screw body 13, large-scale servo motor 14.Substrate 5 is fixed on
6 on movable base station；Movable base station 6 is fixed on 9 on fixed base station by thrust ball bearing 7；Angular contact ball bearing 10 and movable base
Platform 6 connects, and Miniature servo-motors 12 drive movable base station 6 at the uniform velocity to rotate fortune by angular contact ball bearing 10 and belt wheel mechanism 11
It is dynamic.Screw body 13 connect with fixed base station 9, large-scale servo motor 14 by screw body 13 drive fixed base station 9 vertically on
Lower movement.Preheating device 8 inside movable base station 6, improves preheating temperature uniformity using Spiral distribution.The both ends of power spreading device
Equipped with sensor.
Smoke dust circulation filtration system includes blowing cigarette device, smoking apparatus 3 and external filtration system.
Power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system are each provided in cabin.Precinct laser fusion increases material system
Manufacturing apparatus outermost layer is equipped with a shell, can be by laser galvanometer system, powder-supply system, power spreading device, forming workbench system, cigarette
Dirt circulated filter system is built.Powder-supply system 2 is located at the top of power spreading device 4；Powder can be added in real time, and intermittent for scraper
Quantitative and even supplies powder, and forming process is avoided to interrupt；Power spreading device 4, which is located at right above 5 midline position of substrate, to be placed in out of my cabin；
The top that line heat source laser galvanometer system 1 is located at substrate 5 is placed in out of my cabin；1 scanning motion of line heat source laser galvanometer system with can
The rotary motion collaborative processing of dynamic base station 6 is realized that laser fusing forming is synchronous with powdering movement and is carried out；Realize the powdering time most
It is short, it is close to ignore.The smoking apparatus 3 of smoke dust circulation filtration system is symmetrically distributed in the both ends of power spreading device 4；Realize and
The gaseous exchange of power spreading device.
As shown in figure 3, power spreading device 4 includes 4-1 doctor blade holder, 4-2 accelerating type blows smoke machine structure, 4-3 scraper blade, 4-4 powder falling
Mouthful.It includes 4-5 air inlet, 4-6 outlet that 4-2 accelerating type, which blows smoke machine structure,.Acceleration, which is blown smoke machine structure and is arranged symmetrically, is distributed in powdering scraper two
Side；Powdering scraper is using symmetrical reverse design；Guarantee that powder is fallen in front of scraper blade always when movable base station rotates, it is real
The now uniform powdering of entire base station.Acceleration is blown smoke machine structure and is designed using taper inflatable mouth, accelerates for air-flow.
Laser galvanometer system 1 is line heat source laser galvanometer system, includes mainly laser generator, optical fiber, collimator, expands
Mirror, galvanometer, field lens and optical splitter；1 laser galvanometer system 1 of embodiment is different from using optical splitter, laser is uniformly divided
Linear array laser light source is flowed and be shaped to, by thread switching control lattice point number come control line heat source length, line heat source forming is realized, makes
Part forming efficiency increases at decades of times.Laser fusing forming process is carried out in the starting of laser galvanometer system 1 and movable base station 6 rotates
Movement carries out collaboration optimization processing, realizes synchronous progress, i.e., carries out laser fusing during powdering, the powdering time is dropped to most
It is low, further increase equipment part forming efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment, which is characterized in that including laser galvanometer system, powder-supply system, powdering
Device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system；
The power spreading device includes that smoke machine structure is blown in powdering scraper and acceleration；The acceleration, which is blown smoke machine structure and is arranged symmetrically, is distributed in powdering
Scraper two sides；The powdering scraper is using symmetrical reverse design；
The forming workbench system includes substrate, movable base station, thrust ball bearing, preheating device, fixed base station, rotating dress
It sets, vertical up-or-down movement device；The substrate is fixed on movable base station；The movable base station is fixed on by thrust ball bearing
On fixed base station；The movable base station is also connected with rotating device, and movable base station is driven at the uniform velocity to rotate；The fixed base station and hang down
Straight up and down motion device connection, drives fixed base station vertical up-or-down movement；The preheating device is arranged in inside movable base station；Institute
The both ends for stating power spreading device are equipped with sensor；
The smoke dust circulation filtration system includes blowing cigarette device, smoking apparatus and external filtration system；
The power spreading device, forming workbench system, smoke dust circulation filtration system are each provided in cabin；The powder-supply system is located at paving
The top of powder device, is placed in out of my cabin；The power spreading device is located at right above substrate midline position；Laser galvanometer system position
It is placed in out of my cabin above substrate；The smoking apparatus of the smoke dust circulation filtration system is symmetrically distributed in the two of power spreading device
End；Realize the gaseous exchange with power spreading device.
2. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser galvanometer system is
Heat point source laser galvanometer system mainly includes laser generator, optical fiber, collimator, beam expanding lens, galvanometer and field lens；The optical fiber
It is sequentially connected laser generator, collimator, beam expanding lens, galvanometer, field lens；Gauss heat point source is provided for the fusing of material, and according to
Path planning completes scanning.
3. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the acceleration is blown smoke machine structure and adopted
It is designed with taper inflatable mouth.
4. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preheating device uses spiral shell
The mode of rotation distribution is arranged in inside movable base station.
5. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the rotating device includes angle
Contact ball bearing, belt wheel mechanism and Miniature servo-motors；The angular contact ball bearing is connect with movable base station；The small servo
Motor drives movable base station uniform speed rotation by belt wheel mechanism and angular contact ball bearing.
6. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the vertical up-or-down movement dress
It sets including screw body, large-scale servo motor；The screw body is connect with the fixed base station；The large size servo motor is logical
It crosses screw body and drives fixed base station vertical up-or-down movement.
7. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the movable base station can be realized
Continuous rotation.
8. precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser galvanometer system is set
There are 2 sets or 4 sets or 8 sets or 12 sets.
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| CN201821896750.1U CN209139822U (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment |
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| CN201821896750.1U CN209139822U (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing equipment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110523989A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | One kind four laser, four galvanometer selective laser melting forming device and method |
| CN111590885A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 哈尔滨自由智造科技开发有限公司 | Desktop level 3D printing apparatus |
| CN113084196A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 东北大学 | Device and method for preparing pure tungsten part by selective laser sintering with ultrasonic-assisted powder spreading |
-
2018
- 2018-11-16 CN CN201821896750.1U patent/CN209139822U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110523989A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | One kind four laser, four galvanometer selective laser melting forming device and method |
| CN111590885A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 哈尔滨自由智造科技开发有限公司 | Desktop level 3D printing apparatus |
| CN113084196A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 东北大学 | Device and method for preparing pure tungsten part by selective laser sintering with ultrasonic-assisted powder spreading |
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