CN209017430U - A kind of precise seeding machine of corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of precise seeding machine of corn, including rack and control system, the machine frame inside is respectively fixed with seed-box and dispenser from top to bottom, and the output end of the seed-box is connected to the input terminal of the dispenser by a grain conductor；The seed-box is funnel-shaped, and inner wall opposite side is staggeredly equipped with multiple oblique deflectors, and each oblique deflector is formed together the Z-shaped flow-guiding channel for seed flowing.Compared with prior art, the utility model novel and reasonable structure, control system is accurately reliable, it being capable of autonomous operation, sowing uniformly, avoids the problem that occurring serious broadcast leakage and replay in seeding process, realizes seed precise sowing, it not only can ensure that the stability of seed amount, moreover it is possible to guarantee the stability of complete machine structure.

Description

A kind of precise seeding machine of corn

Technical field

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technological fields, and in particular to a kind of precise seeding machine of corn.

Background technique

Corn drill refers to that with corn seed be the seeding machinery for sowing object, according to certain line space and corn number Amount, corn seed is equably seeded into farmland, then the farm machinery [5] buried with soil.According to working principle, precision is broadcast Kind machine can be divided into Pneumatic precision seeder and mechanical precision drill two major classes, and from the point of view of structure type, Pneumatic seeding apparatus has Aspirated-air type, vapour-pressure type, air-sweeping type and strength and combined type mechanically etc. are many kinds of；There are commonly vertical circles for mechanical seed sowing device Disk side-feeding, centrifugal disc, inclined plate, nest eye wheel type and more than 30 [11] such as indent brush kind is wheeled.

At the end of the 20th century, due to the development of the industrial revolution, people have deeper understanding for mechanization production, in the past 60 years External sowing seeds technology has fast-developing and reaches quite perfect level.In the 1960s, the U.S., Germany etc. Developed country starts to develop a large amount of different seeders, wherein it is mechanical mainly to promote Pneumatic type precision drilling.Essence is measured by China From in late 1970s, wherein most is from the sophisticated machine of external import or according to external machine for the research of seeder It is copied.The eighties, Major Epidemic was half smart amount formula sowing, wherein mainly carrying out small-sized single body seeder.From 20th century 90 Age Mo, the precision planter in China gradually have preferable development, and China gradually promotes precision planter, a about more than 10 Enterprise starts to produce seeder.Domestic North China Plain area mainly uses large and medium-sized corn drill, and in hillside hilly country It is difficult to sow, therefore devises small-sized precise seeding machine of corn.

Precise seeding machine of corn is broadly divided into two kinds at present: mechanical and aspirated-air type.Aspirated-air type precise seeding machine of corn is most Big advantage is not damage seed, is required than less stringent in terms of seed sizes.But the components such as blower need very high essence Degree, difficult processing, high production cost, and also the price of operation, maintenance and maintenance is very high, is not suitable for China's national situation, usually only Developed countries use.Mechanical precise seeding machine of corn is mainly used at home.Mechanical precise seeding machine of corn The advantages of be that structure is simple, working performance is high, and stability is high, price material benefit, low in cost, is suitable for China's actual conditions.According to cultivated Make habit and tillage method, seeder can be divided into no-tillage seeding machine and cultivating seeder two major classes.No-tillage seeding operation is not only It can be reduced tractor and enter field number, reduce the investment of producing cost, repeatedly rolling to soil is reduced, when shortening sowing Between, energy consumption is reduced, and can guarantee sowing in time, to improve germination percentage, increases insemination and emergence advantage and high yield is established Solid foundation is determined.By operation line number point, have power single line sowing machine, two row seeders, four row seeders, six row seeders and Multiplerow seeders more than six rows.

Since the maize production phase is short, yield is high, and plantation is convenient, and survival rate is high, and quality is good, adaptable, at present at me It is number three in state's cereal, is only second to paddy and wheat, furthermore corn, which is also used as the feed of livestock or deep processing, becomes each Kind product, therefore corn has very high food value and economic value.It is extremely important to sow growth course entire for corn, However not only working efficiency is low by artificial seeding, but also cost of labor is also gradually increasing, so there is weight using Mechanization sowing Big meaning, Mechanization sowing have not only liberated productivity, have also greatly improved working efficiency, germinate for morning, strive accumulated temperature, wound of striving for high yield Condition is made.

Corn mechanization seeding machinery used at present belongs to a kind of extensive style sowing, cannot be directed to the actual growth of corn State is sowed to adjust spacing, distance and depth when plantation, can only say and save a part of labour to a certain extent, still According to being more advantageous to for growth of seedling angle, also there is certain gap.

Precision planter refers to the agricultural machine that a quantity of seeds can be sowed according to certain spacing, distance and depth Tool has the advantages that save and works, is time saving and energy saving, is more advantageous to the growth of seedling.Plantation efficiency how is improved, people is mitigated Power labour, realizes maize fine sowing, for realizing that the modernization sowing of corn is of great significance.

Summary of the invention

To solve drawbacks described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of precise seeding machine of corn, structure novel is closed Reason, control system is accurately reliable, can autonomous operation, sowing uniformly, avoids occurring in seeding process serious broadcast leakage and replay Problem realizes seed precise sowing, not only can ensure that the stability of seed amount, moreover it is possible to guarantee the stability of complete machine structure.

A kind of in order to achieve the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: precise seeding machine of corn, including rack And control system, the machine frame inside are respectively fixed with seed-box and dispenser, the output end of the seed-box from top to bottom It is connected to the input terminal of the dispenser by a grain conductor；The seed-box is funnel-shaped, and inner wall opposite side is staggeredly equipped with Multiple oblique deflectors, each oblique deflector are formed together the Z-shaped flow-guiding channel for seed flowing；The dispenser includes seeding Ontology, the seeding body interior are equipped with shaft, and the both ends of the shaft stretches out seeding body exterior, and wherein one end is connected with dynamic Force mechanisms, and the shaft outer wall is equipped with gradation wheel in the seeding body interior, the gradation wheel periphery is by laying There are multiple blocks of broadcasting to form multiple grooves, each groove meets single seed flowing；The seeding body bottom portion is arranged equipped with cartridge-type Kind mechanism, the cartridge-type feed mechanism include the transition plates fixed with seeding ontology bottom surface, and the transition plates is equipped with seed Entrance, the transition plates bottom is obliquely installed the first cabinet and the second cabinet respectively, between first cabinet and the second cabinet It is arranged in parallel, and there is certain interval between first cabinet and the second cabinet, first box house is equipped with multiple flat The interlayer of row arrangement, is respectively equipped with partition inside each interlayer, each baffle surface is equipped with photoelectric sensor, second case Body is equipped with muti-piece electromagnet arranged in parallel, and the corresponding partition of each electromagnet is powered by electromagnet and is carried out with dynamic dividing plate Opening and closing movement；The normal work of the control system control electromagnet, photoelectric sensor and power mechanism.

Further, the seeding ontology is composed by upper box and lower box, the grain conductor and it is described on Box opening connection, and the grain conductor is hose.

The angle of the oblique deflector and the seed tank wall is 60-80 degree.

The shaft outer wall is respectively equipped with bearing block by two close end, and also sets between the shaft outer wall and the bearing block There is sleeve, the bearing block is fixed together with the seeding body exterior.

Gradation wheel two sides are respectively equipped with striker plate, and the striker plate is in peviform, and centre, which is equipped with, is used for what shaft passed through Round mouth prevents seed from leaking out when moving on gradation wheel from two sides by two peviform striker plates.

The striker plate is made of acrylic material.

Described shaft one end is linked together by shaft coupling and power mechanism, and the power mechanism, which uses, has frequency conversion function The stepper motor of energy, the stepper motor are connected with driving power.

The seed box outer wall is equipped with one or more electromagnetic vibrators controlled by control system, when seed occurs to block up When plug, the photoelectric sensor induction of seeding body interior is less than the seed that has on gradation wheel, electromagnetic vibrator starting, by striking It hits seed-box to cause to shake, makes seed ordered arrangement.

When the utility model at work, maize seed subgroup is Z-shaped by being formed inside seed-box by multiple oblique deflectors Channel, passes through the gradation of gradation wheel later, therefore can be effectively obtained single seed, and cartridge-type feed mechanism is located at gradation wheel Lower section, stepper motor drive the rotation of gradation wheel, and gradation wheel drives seed to go to the top of cartridge-type feed mechanism, and seed is by gravity It falls on first partition, the photoelectric sensor on first layer has detected seed, at this time electromagnet no power, first partition It opens, seed enters the second layer, otherwise original state is kept to be closed first partition；Seed falls on second partition, when first every Plate is closed, and third and fourth partition is also closed, and second partition is opened, and seed enters third layer；And so on, each every There is a seed between layer, until seed falls on the 4th partition, guaranteeing seed, there is a situation where broadcast leakages and replay, simultaneously First, second and third partition is all closed state, and at this moment the 4th partition is opened in seeds fall to soil, completes seeding operation.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the damage ratio to seed is small, Precise sowing can be realized, reach simple grain precision The purpose of sowing；By increasing cartridge-type feed mechanism below gradation wheel, the whereabouts of seed is detected using photoelectric sensor Situation, when generating broadcast leakage, the electromagnetic vibrator on seed-box will tap cabinet, using vibration, make seeds fall and orderly Arrangement；The Z-shaped channel that the oblique deflector of seed-box is formed, can slow down falling speed of the seed from seed-box, reduce replay Probability, can be effectively prevented broadcast leakage or replay, realize simple grain precise sowing；In addition the utility model enables to maize seed Son can increase sowing efficiency, to improve corn according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing, depth of planting and application rate in field reasonable distribution The growth probability of seed.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the structure and features of the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to the schematic diagram of the section structure.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of B-B direction in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is that the structure that dispenser described in the utility model and the cartridge-type feed mechanism link together is shown It is intended to.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of gradation wheel described in the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of striker plate described in the utility model.

In attached drawing 1-6,1. seed-boxes, 2. racks, 3. upper boxes, 4. grain conductors, 5. bearing caps, 6. shafts, 7. lower boxes, 8. cartridge-type feed mechanism, 9. sleeves, 10. gradation wheels, 11. striker plates, 12. bearing blocks, 13. oblique deflectors, 14. first casees Body, 15. first partitions, 16. second partitions, 17. third partitions, 18. the 4th partitions, 19. first electromagnet, 20. second electromagnetism Iron, 21. third electromagnet, 22. the 4th electromagnet, 23. second cabinets, 24. transition platess, 25. grooves, 26. broadcast block.

Specific embodiment

It is an embodiment of the present invention referring to attached drawing 1- Fig. 6, discloses a kind of precise seeding machine of corn, including machine Frame 2 and control system are respectively fixed with seed-box 1 and dispenser inside the rack 2 from top to bottom, the seed-box 1 Output end is connected to the input terminal of the dispenser by a grain conductor 4；The seed-box 1 is funnel-shaped, inner wall opposite side Multiple oblique deflectors 13 are staggeredly equipped with, each oblique deflector 13 is formed together the Z-shaped flow-guiding channel for seed flowing；The seeding Device includes seeding ontology, and the seeding body interior is equipped with shaft 6, and seeding body exterior is stretched out at 6 both ends of shaft, Middle one end is connected with power mechanism, and 6 outer wall of the shaft is equipped with gradation wheel 10, the gradation wheel in the seeding body interior 10 peripheries form multiple grooves 26 by being laid with multiple blocks 26 of broadcasting, and each groove 26 meets single seed flowing；It is described Seeding body bottom portion is equipped with cartridge-type feed mechanism 8, and the cartridge-type feed mechanism 8 includes the mistake fixed with seeding ontology bottom surface Cab apron 24, the transition plates 24 are equipped with seed entrance, and 24 bottom of transition plates is obliquely installed the first cabinet 24 and the respectively Two cabinets 23, it is arranged in parallel between first cabinet 24 and the second cabinet 24, and first cabinet 24 and the second cabinet 23 Between there is certain interval, set inside first cabinet 24 there are four interlayer arranged in parallel, respectively corresponded inside each interlayer Equipped with first partition 15, second partition 16, third partition 17 and the 4th partition 18, each baffle surface is equipped with photoelectric sensing Device, second cabinet 23 are equipped with four blocks of electromagnet arranged in parallel, correspond to the first electromagnet 19, the with each partition respectively Two electromagnet 20, third electromagnet 21 and the 4th electromagnet 22 are powered by electromagnet and carry out opening and closing movement with dynamic dividing plate；It is described Control system controls the normal work of electromagnet, photoelectric sensor and power mechanism.

Further, the seeding ontology is composed by upper box 3 and lower box 7, the grain conductor 4 with it is described The opening connection of upper box 3, and the grain conductor 4 is hose.

The angle of the oblique deflector 13 and 1 wall of seed-box is 60-80 degree.

6 outer wall of shaft is respectively equipped with bearing block 12 by two close end, and 6 outer wall of the shaft and the bearing block 12 it Between be additionally provided with sleeve 9, the bearing block 12 is fixed together with the seeding body exterior.

10 two sides of gradation wheel are respectively equipped with striker plate 11, and the striker plate 11 is in peviform, and centre, which is equipped with, is used for shaft 6 By round mouth, by two peviform striker plates 11 prevent seed when being moved on gradation wheel 10 from two sides leak out.

The striker plate 11 is made of acrylic material.

Described 6 one end of shaft is linked together by shaft coupling and power mechanism, and the power mechanism, which uses, has frequency conversion The stepper motor of function, the stepper motor are connected with driving power.

1 outer wall of seed-box is equipped with one or more electromagnetic vibrators controlled by control system, when seed occurs When blocking, less than the seed that has on gradation wheel, electromagnetic vibrator starting passes through for the photoelectric sensor induction of seeding body interior It taps seed-box 1 to cause to shake, makes seed ordered arrangement.

The embodiments of the present invention are divided into several steps during the work time: seed is slipped to gradation wheel, divides in plants case Grain wheel fills kind, gradation wheel shield kind, cartridge-type feed mechanism kinds of bank deposits and charges seed, when wherein gradation wheel fills kind:

Seed is dispersedly slipped to slowly and along deflector under gravity and the effect of 13 frictional force of oblique deflector in seed-box 1 Gradation wheel 10, gradation wheel 10 rotate under the drive of stepper motor, and the groove 25 of gradation wheel 10 all has single seed；

When gradation wheel shield kind, the seed in gradation wheel groove 25 will be discharged to all of cartridge-type feed mechanism 8 Corn seed, but if the seed on partition is full, then, the gradation wheel of stopping must just protect seed, be equivalent to point Grain 10 some function of wheel are also stored seed, and the shield kind result of gradation wheel 10 is exactly smoothly to take seed to cartridge-type seeding The process of 8 top layer of mechanism, in the process, seed is rotated together with gradation wheel 10；

Cartridge-type feed mechanism kinds of bank deposits, seed decline with gradation wheel 10, and under the effect of gravity, seed is detached from gradation wheel groove 25 enter cartridge-type feed mechanism 8, and kinds of bank deposits process is that seed is piled to the process of cartridge-type feed mechanism, in the process, Without charging seed；

Cartridge-type feed mechanism is charged seed, and after seed is full of in cartridge-type feed mechanism, most the lower layer of partition is opened, kind Son enters seeding pipe under gravity, then falls to the ground down.

In the embodiments of the present invention, for electric control system, the original state of electromagnet is closure, gradation wheel 10 Entrance and exit face the outlet of seed-box 1 and the entrance of cartridge-type feed mechanism 8 respectively, press start button, system It bringing into operation, pours corn seed into seed-box 1, seed enters gradation wheel 10, there is no seed when the groove 25 of gradation wheel is inner, Or the photoelectric sensor in the first partition 15 of cartridge-type feed mechanism 8 does not detect seed in place in 2s, then seed Electromagnetic vibrator vibration on case 1, specifically controls in this way:

1) when the seed of gradation wheel 10 falls on first partition 15, sensor detects seed, and second partition herein Sensor on 16 does not detect seed, then the first electromagnet 19 acts, and first partition 15 is opened, and single seed enters at this time To second partition 16；

2. when the photoelectric sensor on second partition 16 detects seed, first partition 15 is closed state at this time, and Photoelectric sensor on third partition 17 does not detect seed, and the movement of the second electromagnet 20 drives second partition 16 to open, kind Son falls into third partition 17；

3. when the photoelectric sensor on third partition 17 detects seed, at this time second partition 16 be closed, and the 4th every Photoelectric sensor on plate 18 does not detect seed, and third electromagnet 21 acts at this time, drives third partition 17 to open, seed Fall into the 4th partition 18；

4. having arrived at sowing region, and third at this time when the photoelectric sensor on the 4th partition 18 detects seed When partition 17 is closure, the 4th electromagnet 22 is acted at this time, and the 4th partition 18 is driven to open, and seed drops into seeding pipe, finally Fall into ground.

Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and above-mentioned specific embodiment is not to the utility model Limitation, retouching, modification or the equivalent replacement that all those skilled in the art are made as described above belong to this reality With novel protection scope.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of precise seeding machine of corn, including rack and control system, it is characterised in that: the machine frame inside divides from top to bottom It is not fixed with seed-box and dispenser, the output end of the seed-box and the input terminal of the dispenser pass through a grain conductor Connection；The seed-box is funnel-shaped, and inner wall opposite side is staggeredly equipped with multiple oblique deflectors, and each oblique deflector, which is formed together, to be used for The Z-shaped flow-guiding channel of seed flowing；The dispenser includes seeding ontology, and the seeding body interior is equipped with shaft, institute It states both ends of the shaft and stretches out seeding body exterior, wherein one end is connected with power mechanism, and the shaft outer wall is in the seeding sheet Internal portion is equipped with gradation wheel, and the gradation wheel periphery forms multiple grooves by being laid with multiple blocks of broadcasting, and each groove is full Sufficient single seed flowing；The seeding body bottom portion is equipped with cartridge-type feed mechanism, and the cartridge-type feed mechanism includes and row The fixed transition plates in kind of ontology bottom surface, the transition plates are equipped with seed entrance, and the transition plates bottom is obliquely installed the respectively One cabinet and the second cabinet, it is arranged in parallel between first cabinet and the second cabinet, and first cabinet and the second cabinet Between there is certain interval, first box house is equipped with multiple interlayers arranged in parallel, is respectively equipped with inside each interlayer Partition, each baffle surface are equipped with photoelectric sensor, and second cabinet is equipped with muti-piece electromagnet arranged in parallel, Mei Ge electricity Magnet corresponds to a partition, is powered by electromagnet and carries out opening and closing movement with dynamic dividing plate；The control system controls electromagnet, light The normal work of electric transducer and power mechanism.

2. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seeding ontology be by upper box and Lower box is composed, and the grain conductor and upper box opening connect, and the grain conductor is hose.

3. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the oblique deflector and the seed tank wall Angle be 60-80 degree.

4. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shaft outer wall is set respectively by two close end There is bearing block, and be additionally provided with sleeve between the shaft outer wall and the bearing block, the bearing block and the seeding sheet are external Portion is fixed together.

5. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: gradation wheel two sides are respectively equipped with backgauge Plate, the striker plate are in peviform, and centre is equipped with the round mouth passed through for shaft, prevents seed in gradation by two peviform striker plates It is leaked out when being moved on wheel from two sides.

6. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the striker plate uses acrylic material system At.

7. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described shaft one end is by shaft coupling and moves Force mechanisms link together, and the power mechanism uses the stepper motor with frequency conversion function, and the stepper motor is connected with drive Dynamic power supply.

8. precise seeding machine of corn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seed box outer wall is equipped with one or more A electromagnetic vibrator controlled by control system, when seed blocks, the photoelectric sensor of seeding body interior incudes Less than the seed that has on gradation wheel, electromagnetic vibrator starting causes to shake, makes seed ordered arrangement by tapping seed-box.