CN208914955U - 用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置和具有该驱动装置的动力总成 - Google Patents
用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置和具有该驱动装置的动力总成 Download PDFInfo
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- CN208914955U CN208914955U CN201690001321.6U CN201690001321U CN208914955U CN 208914955 U CN208914955 U CN 208914955U CN 201690001321 U CN201690001321 U CN 201690001321U CN 208914955 U CN208914955 U CN 208914955U
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
- F16H3/095—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts with means for ensuring an even distribution of torque between the countershafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
- F16H3/097—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts the input and output shafts being aligned on the same axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
- F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
- F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
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- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
- F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
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- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
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- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
- F16H2003/0931—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts each countershaft having an output gear meshing with a single common gear on the output shaft
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置和具有该驱动装置的动力总成。该驱动装置至少包括:行星传动机构,其第一元件能接驳到第一变速器输入轴上,而其第二元件能接驳到电机上;第一切换元件,当其闭合时,行星传动机构的第三元件相对壳体固定或能接驳到电机上;第二切换元件,当其闭合时,行星传动机构的第三元件能接驳到内燃机上;第三切换元件,当其闭合时,第一变速器输入轴能接驳到内燃机上;第四切换元件,当其闭合时,第二变速器输入轴能接驳到内燃机上;第三和第四切换元件由第一双切换元件构成,其致动器延伸穿过内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段,其在外部包围第一双切换元件;并且内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段延伸直至第二切换元件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置。此外,本发明还涉及具有这种驱动装置的动力总成。
背景技术
具有混合动力驱动器的混合动力车辆由现有技术所公知。
混合动力驱动器在此拥有两个或更多个不同的驱动源,其中,具有内燃机和一个或多个电机的动力总成在一定程度上作为并联型混合动力装置或混合型混合动力装置实施。这些变型方案拥有内燃机和电机的在动力流中基本上平行的布置,并且因此能够实现驱动力矩的叠加以及利用纯粹内燃机驱动的驱动器或纯粹电动驱动的驱动器的操控。
混合动力车辆除了混合动力驱动器之外还具有变速器。
变速器尤其指的是多挡式变速器,其中,多个挡,即在变速器的两个轴之间的固定的传动比通过切换元件优选能够以自动化的方式切换。这种变速器主要用于机动车辆中,尤其是也用在商用车辆中,以便以适当的方式使驱动单元的转速输出表征和转矩输出表征与车辆的行驶阻力相匹配。
由DE 10 2010 063 582 A1公知了一种用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置,其具有行星传动机构,该行星传动机构具有行星架、太阳轮、和齿圈,其中,行星传动机构的这些元件中的第一元件用于变速器的第一分变速器的第一变速器输入轴的固定接驳,并且其中,行星传动机构的这些元件中的第二元件用于混合动力驱动器的电机的固定接驳。
DE 10 2010 063 582 A1的驱动装置还具有带两个切换元件的双切换元件。当双切换元件的第一切换元件闭合时,行星传动机构的元件的第三元件接驳在变速器的第二分变速器的第二变速器输入轴上(此外,混合动力驱动器的内燃机能联接至该第二变速器输入轴)。当双切换元件的第二切换元件闭合时,行星传动机构的第三元件在壳体侧或者在定子侧接驳。
此外,DE 10 2010 063 582 A1的驱动装置还具有第三切换元件,经由其在闭合的状态下能使两个分变速器的两个变速器输入轴彼此联接,而在断开的状态下能使两个分变速器的两个变速器输入轴相互分开。因此能够实现电动式起动(称为EDA运行)和电动式切换(称为 EDS运行)。此外,电机可以用作启动发电机(称为ISG运行)。
发明内容
基于现有技术提出如下任务,即,提供一种用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置,其能够简单、廉价地且在结构空间需求小的情况下以高的功能范围实现纯电动行驶运行和混合动力行驶运行,并且在混合动力行驶运行中,在变速器的所有挡中能够实现经由电机进行的牵引力支持。
此外,应当提供一种具有这种驱动装置的用于混合动力车辆的动力总成,尤其是具有自动化的能动力切换的换挡变速器,其结合了现有的换挡变速器的各种优点并且如下这样地实施该换挡变速器,即,使具有该变速器的动力总成以较低的结构花费和较高的效率来形成,其特别是具有用于长途载重车辆的传动比范围和分级。
该任务通过如下用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置来解决,其中,混合动力车辆包括混合动力驱动器和变速器,混合动力驱动器具有内燃机和电机,变速器具有两个变速器输入轴并且具有输出轴,其中,驱动装置至少包括以下部分:行星传动机构,行星传动机构具有如下元件:行星架、太阳轮和齿圈,其中,行星传动机构的第一元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到第一变速器输入轴上,并且其中,行星传动机构的第二元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到电机上;第一切换元件,当第一切换元件闭合时,经由第一切换元件,行星传动机构的第三元件相对壳体固定或者能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到电机上;第二切换元件,当第二切换元件闭合时,经由第二切换元件,行星传动机构的第三元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上;第三切换元件,当第三切换元件闭合时,经由第三切换元件,第一变速器输入轴能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上;第四切换元件,当第四切换元件闭合时,经由第四切换元件,第二变速器输入轴能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上;其中,第三切换元件和第四切换元件构造为第一双切换元件,第一双切换元件的致动器延伸穿过所述内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段,罐状区段在外部包围第一双切换元件,其中,内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段延伸直至第二切换元件。
该驱动装置包括至少一个行星传动机构和四个切换元件。
行星传动机构具有行星架、太阳轮和齿圈,其中,行星传动机构的第一元件能以抗相对转动的方式(drehfest)接驳到第一变速器输入轴上,并且其中,行星传动机构的第二元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到电机,即该电机的转子上。
当第一切换元件闭合时,行星传动机构的第三元件相对壳体固定或者能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到电机,即该电机的转子上。当第二切换元件闭合时,行星传动机构的第三元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上。当第三切换元件闭合时,第一变速器输入轴能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上。当第四切换元件闭合时,第二变速器输入轴能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机上。
第三切换元件和第四切换元件由第一双切换元件构成,该第一双切换元件的致动器延伸穿过内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段,该罐状区段在外部包围第一双切换元件,其中,内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段延伸直至第二切换元件。
根据本发明的用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置能够简单、廉价地且在结构空间需求小的情况下以高的功能范围实现纯电动行驶运行和混合动力运行。在混合动力运行中,在变速器的所有挡中能够提供经由电机进行的牵引力支持。可以使用EDA运行、EDS运行和ISG运行。驱动装置本身与变速器的齿轮组无关。此外,在内燃机与变速器之间或在内燃机与驱动装置之间可以取消起动离合器或分离离合器。
根据本发明的一个改进方案,第一双切换元件的致动器沿径向方向延伸穿过内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段中的沿轴向方向延伸的缝隙,从而使得致动器能够沿轴向方向相对于内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段移位并且在圆周方向上以抗相对转动的方式作用(angreifen)在内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段上。该改进方案是特别简单、廉价且结构空间需求小的。
优选的是,行星传动机构的第一元件构造为行星架,行星传动机构的第二元件构造为太阳轮,并且行星传动机构的第三元件构造为齿圈。这允许了对所有运行类型,尤其也是EDA运行、EDS运行和ISG 运行的特别有利的使用。
优选的是,第一切换元件和第二切换元件由第二双切换元件形成。该改进方案是特别简单、廉价且结构空间需求小的。
根据第一替选方案,第一切换元件、第二切换元件、第三切换元件和第四切换元件分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。根据第二替选方案,第一切换元件和第二切换元件分别构造为同步化的切换元件,而第三切换元件和第四切换元件分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。尤其是第一个替选方案是特别简单、廉价且结构空间需求小的。
根据本发明的动力总成包括混合动力驱动器和变速器,以及上述驱动装置,混合动力驱动器具有内燃机和电机,变速器具有两个变速器输入轴并且具有输出轴。
优选的是,电机永久地联接到行星传动机构的第二元件上。
优选的是,变速器包括具有两个并联的分变速器的主变速器,主变速器具有两个变速器输入轴并且具有输出轴,其中,主变速器包括第一齿轮平面、第二齿轮平面、第三齿轮平面、第四齿轮平面和第五齿轮平面,主变速器包括第一切换元件、第二切换元件、第三切换元件、第四切换元件、第五切换元件、第六切换元件和第七切换元件,变速器包括范围选择挡组,范围选择挡组具有行星传动机构、第八切换元件和第九切换元件,其中,范围选择挡组的行星传动机构联结到主变速器上,从而使得当第六切换元件闭合时,主变速器的第五齿轮平面和范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第一元件以抗相对转动的方式连接,而当第八切换元件闭合时,主变速器的第五齿轮平面和范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第二元件以抗相对转动的方式连接。
优选的是,范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第一元件以抗相对转动的方式联接到变速器的主轴上,在第五切换元件断开时,主轴与第二变速器输入轴脱联,而在第五切换元件闭合时,主轴以抗相对转动的方式联接到第二变速器输入轴上,范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第二元件以抗相对转动的方式联接到输出轴上,当第八切换元件闭合时,范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第三元件以相对壳体固定的方式接驳,而当第九切换元件闭合时,范围选择挡组的行星传动机构的第三元件以抗相对转动的方式接驳到输出轴上。
优选的是,当驱动装置的第一切换元件和第二切换元件分别构造为同步化的切换元件时,主变速器的第三切换元件、第四切换元件和第五切换元件分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。
优选的是,当驱动装置的第一切换元件和第二切换元件分别构造为非同步化的切换元件时,主变速器的第三切换元件、第四切换元件和第五切换元件分别构造为同步化的切换元件。
附图说明
优选的改进方案由以下描述得到。结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细阐述,但并不限于此。在此:
图1示出根据本发明的第一驱动装置的示意图;
图2示出根据本发明的第二驱动装置的示意图;
图3示出根据本发明的第三驱动装置的示意图;
图4示出与优选的变速器组合的图1的驱动装置;
图5示出用于图4的驱动装置和变速器的第一切换矩阵;以及
图6示出用于图4的驱动装置和变速器的第二切换矩阵。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置以及具有这种驱动装置的混合动力车辆的动力总成。图1示出了用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置1的第一优选实施例,并且一起示出了变速器2以及混合动力车辆的混合动力驱动器的电机6和内燃机7,该变速器具有两个变速器输入轴4、5并且具有输出轴3。根据本发明的驱动装置1接在变速器2的两个变速器输入轴4、5与混合动力车辆的驱动机组,即电机6和内燃机7之间。
根据本发明的驱动装置1包括行星传动机构PG,其具有行星架 ST、太阳轮SR和齿圈HR。
行星传动机构PG的第一元件,更确切地说是该行星传动机构的行星架ST,永久地并且以抗相对转动的方式或能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到变速器2的第一变速器输入轴4上。
行星传动机构PG的第二元件,更确切地说是该行星传动机构的太阳轮SR,永久地并且以抗相对转动的方式或能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到电机6,更确切地说是电机6的转子8或动子上。电机6的定片或者说定子9相对壳体固定。
除了行星传动机构PG之外,驱动装置1还包括至少四个切换元件,即第一切换元件K、第二切换单元J、第三切换元件C和第四切换元件D。优选的是,如能够从图1得知的那样,第三切换元件C和第四切换元件D组成第一双切换元件S1,而第一切换元件K和第二切换元件J组成另一双切换元件S2。
当在双切换元件S2上第一切换元件K闭合时,行星传动机构PG 的第三元件,在图1中是其齿圈HR,以相对壳体固定的方式接驳。而当在双切换元件S2的区域中第二切换元件J闭合时,行星传动机构PG 的第三元件,即其齿圈HR,以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机7上,更确切地说接驳到内燃机7的驱动轴12上。
当在双切换元件S1的区域中第三切换元件C闭合时,第一变速器输入轴4以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机7上,更确切地说接驳到其驱动轴12上。而当在双切换元件S1的区域中第四切换元件D闭合时,第二变速器输入轴5以抗相对转动的方式接驳到内燃机7上,即接驳到内燃机7的驱动轴12上。
行星传动机构PG以及四个切换元件D、C、J和K组成一个结构单元。为了在结构空间花费较小的情况下能够实现特别紧凑的结构形式,用于提供第三和第四切换元件C和D的双切换元件S1的致动器 10延伸穿过内燃机7的驱动轴12的罐状区段11,其中,内燃机7的驱动轴12的该罐状区段11在径向外部包围双切换元件S1,即第三和第四切换元件C和D,并且该罐状区段此外延伸直至双切换元件S2的区域中,即延伸直至第二切换元件J。
利用图1中所示的根据本发明的驱动装置1不仅能够使用多个不同的运行类型,例如EDA运行、EDS运行、IGS运行以及混合动力车辆的纯电动行驶运行,此外能够简单、廉价且在结构空间需求小的情况下实现驱动装置。
驱动装置1本身不依赖于变速器的具体的齿轮组。驱动装置1仅要求变速器2具有两个用于并联的分变速器的变速器输入轴并且具有共同的输出轴3。
在内燃机7与驱动装置1之间可以取消起动离合器或分离离合器。借助电机6可以在所有挡中提供牵引力支持。
在图1的实施例中,驱动装置1的所有的切换元件D、C、J和K 实施为形状锁合的(formschlüssig)、非同步化的切换元件。这特别廉价且简单。
与此不同也能够实现的是,如图2的变型方案所示,双切换元件 S1的切换元件D和C,即驱动装置1的第三切换元件C和第四切换元件D,实施为同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件。在所有其它细节方面,图2的驱动装置与图1的驱动装置一致,因此为了避免针对相同结构组件的不必要的重复使用相同的附图标记并参考相对图1的实施方式的实施方案。
图3示出了根据本发明的驱动装置1的另一施例。
图3的驱动装置1与图1的驱动装置1区别仅在于,当在双切换元件S2的区域中第一切换元件K闭合时,行星传动机构PG的第三元件,即齿圈HR,不以相对壳体固定的方式接驳,而是与行星传动机构 PG的第二元件,即太阳轮SR一起以抗相对转动的方式联接到电机6上,即联接到其转子8上。
图1和图2的变型方案中,行星传动机构PG在第一切换元件K 闭合的情况下起到用于电机6的定比传动件(Konstantübersetzung)的作用,而在图3的实施例中,在双切换元件S的第一切换元件K闭合的情况下行星传动机构PG被锁止,从而该行星传动机构提供了为“1”的传动。当电机6大致需要与内燃机7相同的转速时,这是有利的。
用于根据本发明的驱动装置1的未示出的另一替选方案是,双切换元件S2的第一切换元件K在闭合的状态下,行星传动机构PG的第三元件,即齿圈HR,也能够与行星传动机构PG的行星架ST连接,以便实现锁止。
在图3中,双切换元件S1的第三和第四切换元件D和C又可以实施为同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件。
如已经实施的那样,优选在内燃机7与驱动装置1之间不接起动离合器或分离离合器。
然而能够实现的是,为内燃机7设置这种分离离合器或起动离合器。
同样如应经实施的那样,行星传动机构PG的元件也可以按其它方式和方法与变速器2的变速器输入轴和电机6以及切换元件共同作用。因此例如能够实现的是,电机6不作用在太阳轮SR上,而是以抗相对转动的方式作用在齿圈HR上,并且于是太阳轮SR经由双切换元件S2第一和第二切换元件K和J能够在第一变速器输入轴4与壳体侧的接驳部或用于使行星传动机构锁止的作用到行星传动机构的其它元件上的接驳部之间切换。
此外,在图1、图2和图3的变型方案中针对所示的行星传动机构PG也可以使用正齿轮组,以便提供其它传动比。
如已经实施的那样,根据本发明的驱动装置1本身不依赖于变速器2的齿轮组。然而,特别优选的是,应用根据本发明的驱动装置1 以及具有在图4中所示的齿轮组的变速器2,其中,在图4中所示的变速器2包括带两个并联的分变速器的主变速器HG和在主变速器HG下游的范围选择挡组GP。
如已经实施的那样,驱动装置1的第一元件,在图4中仍是行星架ST,以抗相对转动的方式接驳到配属于第一分变速器的第一变速器输入轴4上。第二变速器输入轴5配属于主变速器HG的第二分变速器,其中,变速器2针对两个分变速器具有共同的输出轴3。电机6,即其转子8,永久地且以抗相对转动的方式接驳到驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG的第二元件上,更确切地说在图4中接驳到太阳轮SR上。内燃机7以能切换的方式要么在第三切换元件C闭合的情况下以抗相对转动的方式接驳到第一变速器输入轴4上,要么在第四切换元件D闭合的情况下以抗相对转动的方式接驳到第二变速器输入轴7上。
主变速器HG具有齿轮组,即第一齿轮组R1、第二齿轮组R2、第三齿轮组R3、第四齿轮组R4和第五齿轮组R5,其中,第一齿轮组 R1和第二齿轮组R2配属于第一分变速器,而第三齿轮组R3和第四齿轮组R4配属于第二分变速器。第五齿轮组R5提供了针对主变速器HG所谓的输出定比级。
主变速器HG具有第一切换元件A、第二切换元件B、第三切换元件E、第四切换元件F、第五切换元件G、第六切换元件H和第七切换元件I。主变速器HG的第一切换元件A和第二切换元件B组成双切换元件S3。主变速器HG的第三切换元件E和第四切换元件F组成双切换元件S4。主变速器HG的第六切换元件H和第七切换元件I组成双切换元件S5。主变速器HG的第五切换元件G由单切换元件提供。所有这些切换元件都是形状锁合的切换元件。
接在主变速器HG下游的范围选择挡组GP包括行星传动机构PG2 以及第八切换元件L和第九切换元件S,其中,第八切换元件L和第九切换元件S组成双切换元件S6,该行星传动机构具有太阳轮SR2、行星架ST2和齿圈HR2。
齿轮组R1、R2、R3、R4和R5具有空套齿轮,这些空套齿轮要么支承在第一变速器输入轴4、第二变速器输入轴5上,要么支承在变速器2的主轴15上。因此,齿轮平面R2、R3、R4的空套齿轮支承在第二变速器输入轴5上,而第一齿轮平面R1的空套齿轮支承在第一变速器输入轴4上,而齿轮平面R5的空套齿轮支承在主轴15上。所有的空套齿轮都与固定齿轮咬合在一起,固定齿轮紧固在两个中间轴 VW1和VW2上。
当主变速器HG的第五切换元件G闭合时,第二变速器输入轴5 直接以抗相对转动的方式联接到变速器2的主轴15上。而当主变速器 HG的第五切换元件G断开时,中断了第二变速器输入轴5与变速器2 的主轴15之间的抗相对转动的连接。
主变速器HG的由主变速器HG的第五齿轮组R5提供的输出定比级能够借助包括变速器2的切换元件H和I的双切换元件S5来切换,更确切地说以如下方式进行,即,当在双切换元件S5的区域中变速器 2的第六切换元件H闭合时,输出定比级进而主变速器HG的第五齿轮平面R5以抗相对转动的方式联接到主轴15上,范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构PG2的第一元件,即太阳轮SR2也以抗相对转动的方式接驳到该主轴上,而当在双切换元件S5的区域中变速器2的第七切换元件I闭合时,输出定比级或主变速器HG的第五齿轮平面R5相对转动地联接到变速器2的输出轴3上,范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构组 PG2的第二元件,即其行星架ST2也以抗相对转动的方式接驳到该输出轴上。
范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构PG2的第三元件,即其齿圈 HR2,能够依赖于变速器2的双切换元件S6的切换元件的L和S的切换位置地切换,更确切地说以如下方式进行,即,当在双切换元件S6 的区域中变速器2的第八切换元件L闭合时,范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构PG2的齿圈GP以相对壳体固定的方式接驳,而当在双切换元件S6的区域中变速器2的第九切换元件S闭合时,范围选择挡组 GP的行星传动机构PG2的齿圈HR2以抗相对转动的方式联接到变速器2的输出轴3上,更确切地说连同范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构 PG2的行星架ST2一起。
在图4的实施变型方案中,驱动装置1的切换元件K、J、C和D 是非同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件。同样,变速器2的主变速器HG 的切换元件A、B、H和I是非同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件。而变速器2的主变速器HG的切换元件E、F和G是同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件,同样地,变速器2的切换元件L和S是同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件。当如在图2的变型方案中所示,驱动装置1的双切换元件S1的切换元件C和D实施为同步化的、形状锁合的切换元件时,在主变速器HG的区域中优选设置的是,变速器2的第三切换元件E、第四切换元件F和第五切换元件G实施为非同步化的切换元件。
在图4的实施例中,经由电机6可以使切换元件A、B、H、I、J 和K主动同步化,更确切地说,当电机6以转速受调节的方式运行时进行主动同步化。在图4的变型方案中,经由内燃机7可以使切换元件C和D主动同步化,更确切地说经由以转速受调节的方式运行的内燃机7进行主动同步化,替选地,共同地由电机6和内燃机7通过在驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG上的转速叠加来使切换元件C和D同步化。如已经实施那样,在图4的变型方案中,变速器2的切换元件E、 F、G、L和S是同步化的切换元件。
当如图2中所示,驱动装置1的切换元件D和C实施为同步化的切换元件时,变速器2的切换元件E、F和G实施为非同步化的切换元件,它们可以进行主动同步化,更确切地说经由内燃机2在转速受调节运行中或在内燃机7和电机6在驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG上的转速叠加的情况下进行主动同步化。切换元件A、B、H、I、J和K仍如已经在图4中所示那样借助转速受调节的电机6进行同步化。
当在根据本发明的驱动装置1中第一切换元件K闭合时,使用所谓的ISG运行模式,其中,在图4中的行星传动机构PG于是用作用于电机6的固定的前置传动。而当驱动器1的第二切换元件J闭合时,存在所谓的EDA运行模式,其中,驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG起到叠加式变速器的作用。
如已经实施那样,主变速器HG具有两个并联的分变速器以及输出定比级,其中,该输出定比级由第五齿轮平面R5提供。具有第一变速器输入轴4的第一分变速器配属于电机6。具有第二变速器输入轴5 的第二分变速器配属于内燃机7。内燃机7可以经由驱动装置的第三切换元件C联接到第一变速器输入轴4上进而也联接到电机6上,而不切换到至输出轴3的挡。由此,内燃机7可以经由电机3启动,替选也可以处于空挡,也就是说不依赖于行驶速度,以及在停止时产生电流,其中,内燃机7于是驱动发电机式工作的电机6。
纯电动行驶能够利用配属于第一变速器输入轴4的挡,即利用齿轮平面R1和R2的挡来实现。通过用于使主变速器HG的挡数翻倍的位于主变速HG后面的范围选择挡组GP可以从中提供四个电动挡。当在范围选择挡组GP的区域中变速器2的第八切换元件L闭合时,切换成范围选择挡组GP的缓慢的行驶范围。而在范围选择挡组GP中变速器2的第九切换元件S闭合时,切换成范围选择挡组GP的快速的行驶范围。这种范围选择挡组GP尤其是对于在载重车辆中的使用是有利的。
如已经实施那样,可以取消内燃机7与驱动装置1之间的起动离合器或分离离合器,这是因为驱动轴12可以通过断开切换元件C和D 被脱联。
通过主变速器HG的两个并联的分变速器,内燃机7和电机6可以按不同的传动比来运行。因此,针对内燃机7和电机6可以依赖于行驶状况来分别选择适当的运行点。为了避免零负载损耗,电机6也可以完全脱联并停止。
在混合动力运行中能够实现动力切换。当要执行配属于配属有第一变速器输入轴4的第一分变速器的换挡时,由内燃机7导致的牵引力经由第二变速器输入轴5得到支持。而当要执行针对配属于与第二变速器输入轴5共同作用的第二分变速器的换挡时,牵引力可以经由电机6并经由第一变速器输入轴4得到支持。
如上已经实施那样,主变速器HG的由第五齿轮平面R5提供的输出定比级能被联接或能被切换,更确切地说经由变速器2的组成双切换元件S5的切换元件H和I来进行。在此有利的是,在第七切换元件 I闭合的情况下,输出定比级或第五齿轮平面R5衔接到范围选择挡组 GP的行星传动机构PG2的行星架ST2上,这是因为电机6于是可以经由中间轴VW1和VW2支持牵引力,而范围选择挡组GP的切换元件L和S可以被无负载地转换。当变速器2的第五切换元件G闭合时,可以使用直接挡,于是动力流不经过中间轴VW1和VW2。在以直接挡行驶时,中间轴VW1和VW2的速度可以降低,由此可以减少轴承和密封件处的拖曳损耗。
如已经实施那样,当驱动装置的切换元件K闭合时,预选了所谓的ISG运行模式。图5示出了在分别闭合切换元件K的情况下,更确切地说从内燃机2的角度看的所谓的ISG运行模式中的针对图1的动力总成4的切换矩阵。在图5中,针对每个挡通过X来标记在各自的挡中被闭合的那些切换元件。利用i说明了挡的示例性的传动比,其具有挡间传动比比值phi。
这些数值基于如下假设:针对驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG选择定轴传动比i0=-2.0,并且针对范围选择挡组PG的行星传动机构 PG2选择定轴传动比i0=-2.713。此外,这些数值基于如下假设,即,齿轮平面R1具有-1.3的传动比,齿轮平面R3具有-0.592的传动比,齿轮平面R3具有-0.769的传动比,齿轮平面R4具有-1.0的传动比,并且针对齿轮平面R5具有-2.197的传动比。这些示例性的传动比是纯粹示范性的,并且当然也可以不同地进行选择。
齿轮平面R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的直齿轮副的传动比在此如下这样地说明,即,针对齿轮平面R1、R2、R3和R4,从驱动轴至中间轴的动力流方向起作用,其中,针对齿轮平面R5,从中间轴至主轴的动力流方向起作用。
如已经实施那样,图5的切换矩阵说明了从内燃机7的角度看的挡、传动比和挡间传动比比值,其中,因此从内燃机的角度看可以提供总共十二个挡。在12个挡中的每一个挡中可以进行至少一次的挡预选,其中,所预选的挡在括号中说明。因此,图5例如示出的是,针对挡2可以预选第一挡和第四挡,它们对于电机6来说已经是激活的。
图5的切换矩阵的挡10是具有1.0的传动比i的直接挡。
图5的切换矩阵的挡11和12是所谓的超速挡,其中,超速挡11 与12之间的切换是不能动力切换的。然而,从直接挡10切换到超速挡11以及从直接挡10切换到超速挡12是能动力切换的。
在图5的切换矩阵的超速挡11中,联接了主变速器HG的分变速器,动力流流经齿轮平面R2和R3以及流经切换元件G至范围选择挡组GP。在超速挡12中,动力流经由齿轮平面R2和R4并且经由切换元件G至范围选择挡组GP。
在图5的切换矩阵的挡6、7、8和9中,代替保持双切换元件S6 的切换元件S闭合,也可以保持切换元件L闭合,这是因为当动力流经由切换元件I直接被传导到范围选择挡组GP的行星传动机构PG2 的行星架ST2上时,这两个切换元件L和S是无负载的。然而,基于在范围选择挡组GP上的起作用的转速比而有利的是,尽可能早地执行从切换元件L至切换元件S的变换。
如同样已经实施那样,当在驱动装置1的双切换元件S2的区域中第二切换元件J闭合时,所谓的EDA运行模式激活。
图6再次示出了从内燃机的角度看的针对EDA运行模式的切换矩阵,其除了切换元件J和K的切换位置之外都等同于针对ISG运行模式的图5的切换矩阵。然而在电机6上以及在驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG上得到了其它转速比。
当在驱动装置1的第二切换元件J闭合的情况下使EDA的运行模式激活时,为了以第一挡起动,闭合主变速器HG的第一切换元件A。此外,闭合变速器2的切换元件H和L。在停止时,行星传动机构PG 的行星架ST停止。内燃机7以怠速转动,电机6向回转动。行星传动机构PG上的转矩比是恒定的。由内燃机7和由电机6提供的转矩在行星传动机构PG的行星架ST上相加。以该方式可以在EDA运行模式下起动。在该起动过程期间,电机6的转速发生改变直至行星传动机构PG上发生直接传动联接(Blockumlauf)。起动过程可以通过如下方式结束,即,闭合切换元件C,其中,行星传动机构PG于是锁止。
此外,在EDA运行模式中切换元件J闭合的情况下,可以使用所谓的EDS运行模式,即称为电动式切换的动力切换功能。为此,必须挂入在第一分变速器上所配属的挡。该挡用作支持挡,经由该支持挡在实施带负载切换期间传导动力流。该支持挡可以与切换的实际挡或目标挡相同,但也不一定相同。
为了实施在EDS运行模式下的切换,首先进行负载接管,其中,为此在内燃机7上和在电机6上调整转矩,使得动力流仅经由行星传动机构PG的行星架ST和支持挡传导,其中,于是所有其它切换元件都变为无负载的。于是,可以随后挂出实际挡的变为无负载的切换元件。于是,调节内燃机7和电机6的转速,使得目标挡的待挂入的切换元件变为同步,其中,然后可以挂入目标挡的变为同步的切换元件。该切换结束,需要时可以构建电机6上的负载。
EDS切换所具有的优点是,待闭合的切换元件在电机6和内燃机 7的相互配合下进行同步化,其中,电机6是能良好调节的。EDS切换的另一优点在于,可以实现高的牵引力,这是因为内燃机7和电机6 的力矩在驱动装置1的行星传动机构PG上相加。
附图标记列表
1 驱动装置
2 变速器
3 输出轴
4 变速器输入轴
5 变速器输入轴
6 电机
7 内燃机
8 转子
9 定子
10 致动器
11 罐状区段
12 驱动轴
13 缝隙
14 致动器
15 主轴
A 变速器的切换元件
B 变速器的切换元件
C 驱动装置的切换元件
D 驱动装置的切换元件
E 变速器的切换元件
F 变速器的切换元件
G 变速器的切换元件
H 变速器的切换元件
I 变速器的切换元件
J 驱动装置的切换元件
K 驱动装置的切换元件
L 变速器的切换元件
S 变速器的切换元件
HG 主变速器
GP 范围选择挡组
PG 行星传动机构
SR 太阳轮
ST 行星架
HR 齿圈
PG2 行星传动机构
SR2 太阳轮
ST2 行星架
HR2 齿圈
VW1 中间轴
VW2 中间轴
R1 齿轮平面
R2 齿轮平面
R3 齿轮平面
R4 齿轮平面
R5 齿轮平面
S1 双切换元件
S2 双切换元件
S3 双切换元件
S4 双切换元件
S5 双切换元件
S6 三重切换元件
Claims (12)
1.用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置(1),其中,所述混合动力车辆包括混合动力驱动器和变速器(2),所述混合动力驱动器具有内燃机(7)和电机(6),所述变速器具有两个变速器输入轴(4、5)并且具有输出轴(3),其中,所述驱动装置至少包括以下部分:
行星传动机构(PG),所述行星传动机构具有如下元件:行星架(ST)、太阳轮(SR)和齿圈(HR),其中,所述行星传动机构(PG)的第一元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到第一变速器输入轴(4)上,并且其中,所述行星传动机构(PG)的第二元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述电机(6)上;
第一切换元件(K),当所述第一切换元件闭合时,经由所述第一切换元件,所述行星传动机构(PG)的第三元件相对壳体固定或者能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述电机(6)上;
第二切换元件(J),当所述第二切换元件闭合时,经由所述第二切换元件,所述行星传动机构(PG)的第三元件能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述内燃机(7)上;
第三切换元件(C),当所述第三切换元件闭合时,经由所述第三切换元件,所述第一变速器输入轴(4)能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述内燃机(7)上;
第四切换元件(D),当所述第四切换元件闭合时,经由所述第四切换元件,第二变速器输入轴(5)能以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述内燃机(7)上;
其中,所述第三切换元件(C)和所述第四切换元件(D)构造为第一双切换元件(S1),所述第一双切换元件的致动器(10)延伸穿过所述内燃机(7)的驱动轴(12)的罐状区段(11),所述罐状区段在外部包围所述第一双切换元件(S1),
其中,所述内燃机(7)的驱动轴(12)的罐状区段(11)延伸直至所述第二切换元件(J)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置,其特征在于,所述行星传动机构(PG)的第一元件构造为行星架(ST),所述行星传动机构(PG)的第二元件构造为太阳轮(SR),并且所述行星传动机构(PG)的第三元件构造为齿圈(HR)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一双切换元件(S1)的致动器(10)沿径向方向延伸穿过所述内燃机(7)的驱动轴(12)的罐状区段(11)中的沿轴向方向延伸的缝隙(13),从而使得所述致动器(10)能沿轴向方向相对于所述内燃机(7)的驱动轴(12)的罐状区段(11)移位并且在圆周方向上以抗相对转动的方式作用在所述内燃机的驱动轴的罐状区段(11)上。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一切换元件(K)和所述第二切换元件(J)构造为第二双切换元件(S2)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一切换元件(K)、所述第二切换元件(J)、所述第三切换元件(C)和所述第四切换元件(D)分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一切换元件(K)和所述第二切换元件(J)分别构造为同步化的切换元件,而所述第三切换元件(C)和所述第四切换元件(D)分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。
7.用于混合动力车辆的动力总成,其包括混合动力驱动器和变速器(2),以及根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的驱动装置(1),所述混合动力驱动器具有内燃机(7)和电机(6),所述变速器具有两个变速器输入轴(4、5)并且具有输出轴(3)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的动力总成,其特征在于,所述电机(6) 永久地联接到行星传动机构(PG)的第二元件上。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的动力总成,其特征在于,所述变速器(2)包括具有两个并联的分变速器的主变速器(HG),所述主变速器具有两个变速器输入轴(4、5)并且具有输出轴(3),其中,
所述主变速器(HG)包括第一齿轮平面(R1)、第二齿轮平面(R2)、第三齿轮平面(R3)、第四齿轮平面(R4)和第五齿轮平面(R5),
所述主变速器(HG)包括第一切换元件(A)、第二切换元件(B)、第三切换元件(E)、第四切换元件(F)、第五切换元件(G)、第六切换元件(H)和第七切换元件(I),
所述变速器(2)包括范围选择挡组(GP),所述范围选择挡组具有行星传动机构(PG2)、第八切换元件(L)和第九切换元件(S),其中,所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)联结到所述主变速器(HG)上,从而使得当所述第六切换元件(H)闭合时,所述主变速器(HG)的第五齿轮平面(R5)和所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第一元件(SR2)以抗相对转动的方式连接,而当所述第八切换元件(I)闭合时,所述主变速器(HG)的第五齿轮平面(R5)和所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第二元件(ST2)以抗相对转动的方式连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的动力总成,其特征在于,
所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第一元件(SR2)以抗相对转动的方式联接到所述变速器(2)的主轴(15)上,在所述第五切换元件(G)断开时,所述主轴与第二变速器输入轴(5)脱联,而在所述第五切换元件(G)闭合时,所述主轴以抗相对转动的方式联接到所述第二变速器输入轴(5)上,
所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第二元件(ST2)以抗相对转动的方式联接到所述输出轴(3)上,
当所述第八切换元件(L)闭合时,所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第三元件(HR2)以相对壳体固定的方式接驳,而当所述第九切换元件(S)闭合时,所述范围选择挡组(GP)的行星传动机构(PG2)的第三元件以抗相对转动的方式接驳到所述输出轴(3)上。
11.根据权利要求9所述的动力总成,其特征在于,当所述驱动装置(1)的第一切换元件(K)和第二切换元件(J)分别构造为同步化的切换元件时,所述主变速器(HG)的第三切换元件(E)、第四切换元件(F)和第五切换元件(G)分别构造为非同步化的切换元件。
12.根据权利要求9所述的动力总成,其特征在于,当所述驱动装置(1)的第一切换元件(K)和第二切换元件(J)分别构造为非同步化的切换元件时,所述主变速器(HG)的第三切换元件(E)、第四切换元件(F)和第五切换元件(G)分别构造为同步化的切换元件。
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