CN207343443U - Plasma dangerous waste processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of plasma dangerous waste processing system, feed arrangement therein is used to convey waste material to plasma furnace, plasma furnace is used to waste material is gasified or be melted, secondary response room is used to the forming gas secondary response that plasma furnace conveys being converted into can discharge gas, purifier is used to be purified the gas that the conveying of secondary response room comes to reach discharge standard, plasma furnace includes container, and container has the cavity for receiving waste material, and the side wall of the container is provided with feed inlet；At least two plasma electrode components, wherein the first plasma electrode component is installed on container internal upper part, and it can be moved up and down under the action of electrode assemblie travelling mechanism in the cavity inside container, second plasma electrode component is installed on lower part in container, the rotation waste material stent in bowl-type or dish type is provided between the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode component, and positioned at the lower section of feed inlet.System provided by the utility model, its efficiency of heating surface is high, handles the speed of waste material.

Description

Plasma dangerous waste processing system

Technical field

Plasma dangerous waste processing system is the utility model is related to, more specifically, being related to dangerous and non-hazardous material Controllable heat damage system.

Background technology

In the past, it is that waste material is placed in landfill yard by waste disposal method.When the consequence of landfill disposal is a bit harmful poisonous Material is slowly discharged into empty gas and water and soil, therefore, causes the pollution of environment, to solve the problems, such as this, in the prior art Using incineration process, but incineration process is limited, and e.g., some waste materials are uneven, this prevents incinerator from keeping Sufficiently high steady temperature to handle all organic and inorganic substances in waste product completely, in low-temperature circulating, produces incomplete The product (pollutant) of burning and the organic substance (such as dioxin, furans and greenhouse gases) of potential danger, and finally discharge Into air.In high temperature circulation, the release increase of particle, nitrogen oxide and metal oxide, including a kind of known carcinogenic substance： Cr VI.In order to solve the above technical problems, in the prior art using plasma gasification to inorganic and/or organic solid waste, Semisolid waste and/or liquid wastes are handled, and gasification furnace of the prior art will typically by the feed inlet of gasification furnace Pending waste product is transported in furnace, and the waste product heating and gasifying formation gas for being sent to furnace is then treated by plasma torch Body, then again reprocesses caused gas to form available gas and recycled or formed innocuous gas and is discharged into sky In.But when waste product is transported in furnace in the prior art, waste product has carried out stack, so causes the efficiency of heating surface low.

The content of the invention

To overcome technical problem existing in the prior art, the goal of the invention of the utility model is to provide a kind of plasma danger Useless processing system, handles the speed of waste material, efficient.

To realize the goal of the invention, the utility model provides a kind of plasma dangerous waste processing system, its include at least into Expect device, plasma furnace, secondary response room and purifier, wherein, the feed arrangement is used to melt to plasma defeated Send waste material, the plasma furnace be used for by waste material gasification either fusing using by converting waste material as forming gas or slag, The secondary response room be used for by plasma furnace convey forming gas secondary response be converted into can discharge gas, institute Purifier is stated to be used for the next gas purification of secondary response room conveying to remove the particulate of any entrainment and/or sour gas substantially Body, the plasma furnace include container, and the container has a cavity for receiving waste material, the side wall of the container be provided with into Material mouth；At least two plasma electrode components, wherein the first plasma electrode component is installed on container internal upper part, and in electricity It can be moved up and down under the action of the assembly operating mechanism of pole in the cavity inside container, the installation of the second plasma electrode component The lower part in container, it is characterised in that set between the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode component There is the rotation waste material stent in bowl-type or dish type, and positioned at the lower section of feed inlet.

Preferably, the first plasma electrode component is run up and down along the axis of bowl-type or the rotation waste material stent of dish type, With the temperature in control container cavity.

Preferably, rotating waste material stent can be around the first plasma electrode component under the action of stent travelling mechanism Axis rotates, so that the waste material being drained into container is uniformly distributed on rotation waste material stent.

Preferably, plasma dangerous waste processing system further includes cycle subsystem, and the cycle subsystem is used for will be from container The gas of middle discharge imports container again, to be decomposed again to undecomposed complete gas.

Preferably, it is slightly less than the annulus tooth of the diameter of container intracavity including diameter in the rotation waste material stent of bowl-type or dish type Wheel, diameter are much smaller than the annulus of container intracavity diameter, and annulus gear and annulus are arranged in parallel and are evenly arranged between them Multiple inclination connection straps with circular planes in 2 degree to 30 degree angles, are thusly-formed frustum, and adjacent two tilt edge between connection strap Frustum is circumferential at least provided with one or more circumferential connection strap.

Preferably, it is in 2 degree to 30 degree for inclined-plane and upper bottom surface or bottom surface in the rotation waste material stent of bowl-type or dish type The frustum drum of angle is used to hold liquid waste.

Preferably, the feed arrangement includes and cylindrical shape feed space of the mounting plane in 0 degree to 15 degree angle and setting The transport axis 113 of axis extension in feed space and along feed space, circumferentially spirals along transport axis and is provided with fin 112, described Transport axis and driven by motor and rotated, spiral along the circumferential direction of cylindrical tube and be provided with gas-guide tube, the row of the gas-guide tube and container 101 Stomata connects.

Preferably, along the circumferential direction of cylindrical shape feed space spiral setting gas-guide tube formed cylindrical shape, formed by gas-guide tube The periphery of cylinder be provided with heat-preservation cylinder 108 or insulating layer.

Preferably, the first plasma electrode component includes at least an electrode plate and is vertically set on electrode plate Multiple electrodes column, the second plasma electrode component includes curved surface electrode, the multiple electrodes of the first plasma electrode component The free end of column is identical with the spacing of curved surface electrode.

Preferably, for the electrode in the electrode in the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode group The DC power supply of the electric energy of offer provides different electric energy according to the instruction of power-supply controller of electric.

Compared with prior art, the utility model provides the speed of plasma dangerous waste processing system processing waste material, effect Rate is high.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart for the plasma dangerous waste processing system that the utility model example provides；

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram of the utility model plasma smelting furnace；

Fig. 3 is the structure diagram that the utility model provides rotation waste material stent；

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of DC power supply provided by the utility model；

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram for the plasma smelting furnace that the utility model variation provides；

Fig. 6 is the bottom view for the first plasma electrode component that the utility model variation provides；

Fig. 7 is the bottom view for the second plasma electrode component that the utility model variation provides.

Embodiment

The embodiment of the utility model is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning Same or similar element is represented to same or similar label eventually or there is same or like element.Below by ginseng The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and illustrated embodiment is only used for explaining the utility model, and cannot be construed to this The limitation of utility model.

Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that used in the specification of the utility model Wording " comprising " refer to there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or Addition one or more other features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or combinations thereofs.It should be understood that work as me When claiming the element to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to other elements, or there may also be intermediary element. Wording "and/or" used herein includes the whole or any cell and whole groups of one or more associated list items Close.

Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that all terms used herein, and (including technical term and section are academic Language), there is the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in the utility model fields.It should also be appreciated that It is term used in present specification, it should be understood that there is the meaning consistent with the prior art, unless in present specification By specific definitions, otherwise will not be explained with the implication of extramalization.

Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of plasma dangerous waste processing system provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 1, plasma is endangered Useless processing system, it includes at least feed arrangement, plasma furnace, secondary response room and purifier, wherein, the charging Device is used to give plasma furnace conveying waste material, and the plasma furnace is used to waste material gasify or melt with by waste material It is converted into forming gas or slag.Secondary response room is used for the forming gas secondary response for conveying plasma furnace to come Be converted into can discharge gas, secondary reactor 300, which can be made of and be lined with mild steel, is properly isolated from/refractory material, in secondary counter Answer and oxidant is injected in device, so that synthesis gas is further adjusted, such as any unreacted carbon is formed with oxidant reaction Carbon monoxide, or make volatile metal components and oxidant reaction and form metal oxide, or noted in secondary reactor Enter substantial amounts of air so that synthesis gas be convertible into can discharge gas, can discharge gas include nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and/or water Steam.

The downstream of secondary reactor 300 is purifier 400, and when entering purifier 400, synthesis gas can be at height Temperature, the temperature may be about 1100 DEG C.Synthesis gas can be reduced temperature or prevent unexpected complicated molecule by purifier 400 In conjunction with or prevent noval chemical compound（Such as furans）Formation, and purify can discharge gas to remove the particulate of any entrainment substantially And/or sour gas reach discharge standard to be formed can discharge gas.

According to one embodiment, plasma dangerous waste processing system provided by the utility model further includes plenum chamber 300, it sets It is placed between the exhaust outlet and waste heat boiler of plasma smelting furnace 100, for collecting 100 synthesis gas produced from plasma smelting furnace Body, the composition of the gas in plenum chamber is measured using gas analyzer, if also containing poisonous or pollution organic or inorganic Composition, then be introduced back into smelting furnace, to be decomposed again by circulator circulation.It may include circulating air in circulator The devices such as pump, check valve, control valve, smelting furnace is introduced back into by the gas in plenum chamber.In the utility model, also because of plenum chamber The gas temperature of collection is higher, therefore, pre- to the waste material of feed space in feed arrangement using the gas up to more than 1000 DEG C Heat, so as to improve treatment effeciency of the plasma smelting furnace to waste material.

According to one embodiment, plasma dangerous waste processing system provided by the utility model further includes waste heat boiler 400, its The exhaust outlet of plenum chamber 300 is connected to, heat exchange is carried out using heat and the industry water of forming gas, and from by industrial water vapor High-pressure water vapor is generated, the output shaft for promoting the steam turbine in power generation sub-system 700 using high-pressure water vapor rotates, steam turbine band Dynamic generator produces electricl energy, and the electric energy puts on power circuit 800 and carries out the processing such as rectification, filtering, to produce direct current energy, The direct current energy is used to supplement dangerous waste processing system electric energy, so as to save energy.

2-3 illustrates basic plasma furnace provided by the utility model below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates this reality with reference to attached drawing 4 With the DC power supply of new offer, illustrate the plasma smelting furnace provided by the utility model for deforming row with reference to attached drawing 5-7.

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram of plasma furnace provided by the utility model, and Fig. 3 is that the utility model provides The structure diagram of waste material stent is rotated, as Figure 2-3, according to the plasma furnace of the utility model one embodiment 100 include：The container 101 being arranged on supporting rack 119, the container have the cavity for receiving waste material, the side wall of the container Feed inlet is provided with, the feed inlet connects feed arrangement, is fed by feed arrangement, the discharge gate and container of the feed arrangement Telescopic isolating door 125 is provided between 101 feed inlet, it is necessary to when feeding, control system make motor work with drive every Opened from door 125, if need not feed, control system makes motor work drive isolating door 125 to close feed inlet.

Feed arrangement includes the feed space set with angle of inclination.In certain embodiments, this angle of inclination is feed space Angle between mounting plane, changes between about 0 degree to 15 degree.In other embodiments, which can be more than 15 Degree.It is under the effect of gravity, supply and discharge from waste into container 101 from feed space to be obliquely installed feed arrangement Extrusion or the waste and liquid (such as water) of leakage.According to the utility model one embodiment, the feed arrangement includes charging Bucket 110 and mounting plane are in 0 degree to 15 degree of cylindrical shape feed space and are arranged in feed space and extend along the axis of feed space Transport axis 113, circumferentially spiraling along transport axis, it is single screw mechanism used to be formed to be provided with fin 112, and the transport axis 113 is by motor Driving rotation, spirals along the circumferential direction of cylindrical shape feed space and is provided with gas-guide tube 109, one end and the container 101 of the gas-guide tube Exhausting-gas hole connects, and the other end is communicated in container intracavity or is communicated in downstream again has a surplus heat boiler.Along cylindrical shape feed space Circumferentially spiral setting gas-guide tube 109 formed cylinder, be provided with the periphery of the cylinder formed by gas-guide tube heat-preservation cylinder 108 or Thermal insulation material twines the insulating layer covered prevents the heat of gas-guide tube from distributing to try one's best.The wall and gas-guide tube of cylindrical shape feed space are equal Prepared by Heat Conduction Material, the Heat Conduction Material is, for example, metal material.Motor can drive fortune according to the control signal of control system Defeated axis 113 rotates.Feed inlet open upwards is provided with the side wall of cylindrical shape feed space, the feed inlet is connected to feed hopper 110, isolating door 127 is provided between feed inlet and feed hopper, motor controls the isolating door to transport according to the instruction of control system Row is so that feed inlet is closed and opened.According to one embodiment, plasma smelting furnace further includes plenum chamber 300, the plenum chamber 300 air inlet is communicated in the exhaust outlet 107 of container 101, and another air inlet of the plenum chamber can be communicated in external Air supply channel；The exhaust outlet of plenum chamber 300 is communicated in gas-guide tube 109 through control valve 129, gas content can be set to pass in plenum chamber Sensor（Do not show in figure）, for detecting the gas ingredients in plenum chamber；The gas in gas analyzer measurement plenum chamber can also be used Body composition.The gas of container discharge is first stored in plenum chamber 300, and the gas ingredients in plenum chamber are analyzed using gas analyzer, When the content of the pernicious gas in plenum chamber 300 is exceeded, control system controls control valve 129, makes the exhaust outlet of plenum chamber 300 Connected with the inlet end of conduit 109, the exhaust outlet of gas-guide tube is communicated in container, gas is again passed by decomposition；When plenum chamber 300 When the content of interior pernicious gas is not above standard, control system controls control valve 129, makes the exhaust outlet and waste heat of plenum chamber The inlet end connection of boiler, heat exchange is carried out using waste heat and industry water.

In certain embodiments, feed arrangement can provide waste material, such as solid waste, pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles to container 101 Thing, refinery's waste, office waste, cafeteria's waste, plant maintenance waste are (for example, wooden bracket, the luminaire scrapped Tool, plant waste, wastewater sludge), pharmaceutical wastes, clinical waste, flying dust and bottom ash, industry and laboratory solvent, organic and nothing Chemical machine product, insecticide, organic chloride, thermal cell, refuse battery and the military waste including weapon component.Plasma Body smelting furnace includes multiple contractile isolating doors.Isolating door 127 can be set adjacent to feed hopper to allow to be fed into solid waste Expect to supply waste material in the feed space of device.Isolating door 125 sets adjacent to container 101 and allows to supply into container 101 useless Material.After the closing of isolating door 127, nitrogen can be used to pressurize feed space to be obviously reduced and/or prevent air from entering to accommodate In the container 101 of waste material, and flammable forming gas is prevented to be flowed into container 101 substantially.In certain embodiments, set anti- Only fuel gas flows into the safety component to container 101,127 emergency cut-off of isolating door, so that it may introduce nitrogen gas into feed space. Using single screw mechanism used when isolating door 125 is opened in the feed arrangement of the utility model, so that it may which waste material is pushed into container 101 In so that will be substantially without remaining waste material in the region between the entrance of isolating door 125 and container 101.Set except tilting Feed space is put to allow gravity to help outside waste material is moved into container 101, being obliquely installed for feed space can help in waste Discharge of the aqueous or other liquid into container 101.

When receiving waste material, to help to reduce and/or preventing the poisonous or nuisance for producing and/or discharging from feed space Disinfectant, can be introduced into feed space by matter by opening.In other embodiments, opening can be set along a part for feed space. Being introduced into the disinfectant in feed space can be discharged into container 101 and be handled as waste.In further embodiments, disinfectant It can be introduced by the nozzle set along the path of feed space.

According to an embodiment, in isolating door 125 and the part led between the entrance of container 101 can be refractory material lining In.

According to some embodiments, solid and liquid wastes are carried out at the same time processing substantially.Waste is handled at the same time to be basic, can be incited somebody to action Solid and liquid wastes are introduced into feed arrangement to form solid and liquid wastes homogeneous mixture.Plasma furnace can be handled The solid and liquid wastes of equal or different part.

Container 101 can be disposed vertically, and locally or partly can be constructed so as to be tieed up if a part removed Shield, then other parts are positively retained at its appropriate position.In certain embodiments, container 101 can be elliposoidal room, can also Can also be that lower part is cylindrical chamber and top is elliposoidal room for cylinder, centre is truncated cone-shaped room with by upper chamber and lower room Transition connects.

The lower room of container 101 may include slag/metal portion and high temperature turbulent portion, it can promote gaseous dissociation and pyrolysis anti- Should.Container 101 includes high heat-resisting resistant to corrosion layer, insulating layer, insulating layer and flame retardant coating successively from outside to inside.According to an implementation Example, if the inner wall of container can be formed by dried layer refractory composition, can also be made by mild steel and by refractory masses Isolation inner wall be made, which may include diamond dust or graphite brick, hydraulicity castable refractory, ceramic wafer, pottery Porcelain coating, close pressing plate and/or high heat-resisting resistant to corrosion Pyrex block.The inner wall of container 101 can be designed it is contemplated that how to operate spirit How activity, minimize heating time, allow natural cooling and/or do not cause to the hot-face insulation portion of container 101 and/ Or in the case of the infringement of other parts, how to adapt to continually heat and cool down daily.

Can be with set temperature sensor and/or pressure sensor with to the temperature and/or pressure in container 101 in container Continuously or substantially continuously monitored to ensure the negative pressure in container 101 within preset range.Can be by 101 wall of container It is upper that one or more monitoring mouths are set, so that the probe of temperature sensor and/or pressure sensor is stretched into container, to detect temperature Degree and/or pressure, temperature sensor and/or pressure sensor can be connected with control system with by the temperature information detected and pressure Force information sends control system to, and the data that control system is measured according to it control the working status of other components, described other The output voltage of component such as electrode assemblie travelling mechanism, direct voltage source.In container 101, predetermined range of negative pressure can about- Between 5mm water columns and about -25mm, but the selection of operating pressure may depend on the characteristic of pending waste material and change.It is preferred that Ground, between -5mm water columns and about -15mm water columns.

When inorganic wastes are provided be given to container 101 when, inorganic wastes vitreous or fusing can be made by heating unit, when will When debirs offer is given to container 101, by heating unit debirs can be made to gasify.Heating unit is to convert electrical energy into Into the device of thermal energy.The plasmatorch that these devices can be made of two electrodes (anode and cathode), the plasmatorch It is installed in container 101 and controllable argon-arc plasma field can be produced inside container 101.When with being formed between high current electrode During basicly stable air-flow, plasma electrode can produce controllable argon-arc plasma field.Heating unit can produce the grade of setting value from Sub- energy.

The heating unit of the plasma furnace 100 of the utility model first embodiment includes two plasma electrode groups Part, wherein the first plasma electrode component 102 is installed on container top, and can under the action of electrode assemblie travelling mechanism Moved up and down in the cavity inside container, the second plasma electrode component 131 is arranged on lower vessel portion and positioned at first etc. Under plasma electrode component 102, the first plasma electrode component 102 is rod-shaped, and the second plasma electrode component 131 is in Patty or the shape to match with the shape of container bottom.First plasma electrode component includes：The axis of tubular and edge The electrode assemblie section of the axis direction extension installation of axis；One end of the axis of tubular is connected with electrode assemblie travelling mechanism, the other end Connection electrode；Electrode assemblie travelling mechanism can drive under the action of control system and be transported above and below the first plasma electrode component It is dynamic.First plasma electrode component is that may include independent graphite material section.Each part can have positive extension at one end, And there is cloudy holding part in opposite end, which can place the positive extension of another graphite material section.Less electrode The positive portion of material segment and private parts may be configured with appropriate threaded connection.To form electrode assemblie, multiple graphite sections can be screwed to Larger electrode assemblie is formed together.It can drill out and/or be formed by the center of vertical or generally vertical electrode assemblie and is small logical Road is to accommodate small air-flow, so as to be used as plasma carrier gas.Flowing through the amount of the air of the passage in electrode assemblie can be about 3-5 liters/min.

First plasma electrode component 102 edge under the action of electrode assemblie travelling mechanism is in the second plasma electrode The axis of component 131 is run up and down, with the temperature in control container cavity.Etc. in vitro electrode assemblie 102 include hollow axis and The electrode assemblie section being installed on axis, the cavity of axis are used to be connected in electrode assemblie section through conducting wire, the conducting wire, for Electrode assemblie section provides electric energy, and the electric energy is by direct-current power supply, subsequently with reference to the circuit of the explanation DC power supply of attached drawing 4.With Include in the electrode assemblie travelling mechanism for driving the first plasma electrode component to run up and down：Stent 123, Saw blade 122, circle Cheese gear 106, patty gear 104 and driving motor 105, stent 123 are fixed on the top on smelting furnace top, its center is provided with Through hole passes through for being connected in the sleeve shaft of electrode, and Saw blade 122 is vertically installed with the stent.Plasma electrode component Patty gear 106 is fixed in one end of sleeve shaft, and the other end is connected to electrode.The gear is engaged with Saw blade 122.Motor 105 output shaft is engaged with gear 104, and motor 105 works under the action of control system, when needing in container 101 When temperature reduces, the output shaft driven gear 104 of motor 105 rotates clockwise, and gear 104 rotates counterclockwise with moving gear 106, Gear 106 is moved up along Saw blade 122, so that the first plasma electrode component 102 moves up, so that plasma The distance of body electrode assemblie 102 and plasma electrode component 131 increases, and the temperature of container 101 reduces.When needing container 101 When interior temperature raises, the output shaft driven gear 104 of motor 105 rotates counterclockwise, and gear 104 is clockwise with moving gear 106 Rotation, gear 106 is moved down along Saw blade 122, so that the first plasma electrode component 102 moves down, so that The distance of plasma electrode component 102 and plasma electrode component 131 reduces, the temperature rise of container 101.It is real according to one Example is applied, the electrode assemblie travelling mechanism makes under the action of control system at least two plasma electrodes component First plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode assemblies spaced apart are virtually constant to be produced in the container Temperature.

In the utility model, plasma smelting furnace further includes the waste material runing rest in bowl-type or dish type, it includes diameter summary Annulus gear 1301, diameter less than the diameter of container intracavity are much smaller than the annulus 1302 of container intracavity diameter, annulus gear 1301 can engage with the gear in waste material heating frame travelling mechanism；Annulus gear 1301 and annulus 1302 are arranged in parallel and at them Between be evenly arranged with it is multiple with circular planes in the inclination connection straps of 2 degree to 30 degree angles, such as 1033, be thusly-formed frustum, Adjacent two tilt between connection strap along frustum it is circumferential at least provided with one or more circumferential connection strap in this way, rotating waste material Stent forms big mesh shape.During making, the size of mesh is set according to the size of pending waste material, in general, the size of mesh Less than the size of waste material.If handling powdered scrap, waste material runing rest can be designed as follows：In the rotation waste material of bowl-type or dish type The inclined-plane of stent is in 2 degree of frustum drums to 30 degree of angles with upper bottom surface or bottom surface, and the lower bottom perimeter of the frustum drum is set Bulge loop is to store liquid waste.

Waste material runing rest travelling mechanism includes travelling gear 124, drive gear 116 and motor 17.In the side of container 101 The circumferentially arranged fixed frame for having multiple L-types in wall, such as 126, the circumferential direction of multiple fixed frames along container inner wall is uniform and same height Degree is set, and multiple fixed frames are used for stationary annular guide rail 128.It is circumferentially arranged on the side wall of container 101 to have an opening, in opening Axial direction parallel to container on container is provided with 124 axis of travelling gear being used to support, and travelling gear 124 can turn around the axis Dynamic, travelling gear 124 extends the drive gear 116 that the part outside container is connected with the output shaft of motor 117 and engages, extension Engaged in the part in container with annulus gear 1301.Annulus gear 1301 is arranged with the annular groove that Open Side Down or more Guide rail 128, during installation, is embedded in the annulus gear of waste material heating frame by a slide assemblies that can be slided on guide rail 128 In slide assemblies under 1301 or in annular groove, in this way, when motor 117 drives the rotation of its drive gear 116, driving cog Wheel also rotates, so as to drive ring gear also to rotate.During work, the first position of waste material runing rest is placed under feed inlet, into The solid waste that material mouth is poured into first is positioned over the first position of waste material runing rest；Waste material runing rest is in stent travelling mechanism Under effect during rotation, the second place of waste material runing rest is placed under feed inlet, and charging is left in the first position for having accepted waste material The position of mouth lower end is heated and gasification and/or fusing by the cushioning device in container, is so circulated, the solid-state being poured into container Waste material is evenly arranged on waste material runing rest, will not cause to accumulate, and makes reaction more fully and quick.

, can be to electrode by controlling the gap between the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode component Arc voltage between component is controlled, so as to adjust the internal temperature of container 101.In one embodiment, mainly refer to first Gap between the top of plasma electrode component and the bottom of the second plasma electrode component.Electricity is designed according to arc voltage Gap between the component of pole.The design can be contemplated that following factor：The feature of waste；The energy of heating unit supply divides with completing Dissociation, pyrolysis, gasification and the fusion processes of son it is expected needed for ratio between energy；The amount for the forming gas for it is expected to produce is with setting Count the ratio between capacity；And/or temperature and/or Oxygen Condition in container 101.Put in the first plasma electrode component Electrode and the second plasma electrode component in electrode between voltage it is higher, admissible gap is bigger between electrode, And operating current is lower.If voltage drops to, minimum predetermined threshold is below horizontal, can reduce the gap between electrode assemblie, Until voltage is increased to or more than minimum predetermined threshold level.If voltage is increased to more than maximum predetermined threshold value level, The gap between electrode assemblie can be increased, until voltage stabilization is within the scope of minimum to maximum predetermined threshold value.For 200kW's In the smelting furnace of plasma, the gap between electrode assemblie is selectable such that working voltage is approximately 200 volts.Minimum and maximum Threshold value predetermined threshold levels may be selected to be about 160 to about 240 volts, and the gap between electrode assemblie can be about 20mm arrives About 150mm.Heating unit can be powered by heating system by alternating current and/or direct current, and the utility model passes through DC power supply is powered, and is subsequently illustrated with reference to attached drawing 4.

Vitreous or fusing waste from waste material can form slag such as glassy slag, it is collected at 101 bottom of container In the slag bath in portion.Slag can be discharged by one or more slag notches 120 from container 101, and the slag notch may be provided at away from appearance At the appropriate height specified in 101 bottom of device and it may be provided at the radial position on the periphery of container 101.One or more A slag notch is set at an angle with mounting plane, and the molten slag layer of melting can keep the air seal of approximate continuous.One or Multiple slag notches relative to container 101 the horizontal plane of the intersection of slag notch angle about can be 10 degree.It can replace Dai Di, multiple slag notches can be set from mounting plane in different angles.

Slag can be drained into by slag notch in slag/metal alloy collection device.Slag/metal alloy collection device can Including drag-out slag car.Drag-out slag car can be that air cooled type can also be water-cooling type.The slag of discharge can quench in water tank, cause discharge Slag cures and is broken into less.Slag can stand leaching in the solid state.The solid slag removed from container 101 can lead to Cross conveyer belt or other appropriate devices being used for transmission and be transferred to hopper and recycling from slag/metal alloy collection device Or remove.Slag also cocoa is discharged into other specially appointed building machinery devices, such as by being formed in the mould of sand isolation Construction material.

In the situation with more than one slag notch, slag notch may be provided at the different positions of container 101 And/or at different height.Slag notch can open one every time with alternating sequence, or open at the same time substantially., can during slagging tap Continue to handle waste material to supply waste material in container 101 and/or in container 101.

Solid slag can be used for many business applications, such as road construction, aggregate, blast cleaning, glass fibre And/or glass fibres material, solid slag can be harmless and need not can fill.In addition it can form decoration ornamental slab for paving the floor Or it is used in combination with construction material and combines Household building material to form lightweight.Slag notch is gone out by what is be made of heat-resisting material Slag plug is closed.When to start slag tap when, will slag tap plug manually or remotely pull out so that molten slag/metal mixture Exited into from container 101 in collection device.

Due to the low-oxygen environment in container 101, some metal oxides being present in waste stream can be reduced into its element Form.Being present in the metal in waste material and metal alloy can also melt in container 101.After a period of time, can be at slag bath bottom Gather a metal layer in portion.Such as the special metal of iron class may be not easy the silicate reaction with containing in slag bath.Slag can be inhaled This some metal and metal oxide are received, but if there are a large amount of metals in waste, then metal may gather.As described above, Molten metal can be discharged together with molten slag by slag notch, and be handled.

The waste received in container 101 can undergo molecular dissociation and pyrolytic process.Pyrolysis is such process：With incinerate or Burning is compared, and the heat-flash run in extreme low-oxygen environment makes molecular dissociation by the process.During this process, waste can lead to Cross heating devices heat.The debirs of heating can be handled, until it is dissociated into its elemental composition, such as solid carbon (carbon Particulate) and hydrogen.If exist in waste in the form of the derivative of hydrocarbon, oxygen, nitrogen and halogen (such as chlorine) Also can be released.After pyrolysis and/or partial oxidation, caused gas (for example, synthesis gas) may include carbon monoxide, Hydrogen, carbon dioxide, vapor, methane and/or nitrogen.

The oxygen and chlorine of dissociation can freely be reacted with caused carbon and hydrogen, and can be re-formed various complicated and possible Harmful organic compound.However, these compounds are formed at a high temperature of generally can not being kept in container 101, at high temperature, Only the simple compounds of limited quantity can be stable.When there are when chlorine or other halogens, most stable of compound is an oxygen Change carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and hydrogen chloride gas.

The amount of oxygen present in waste material may be not enough to all carbon conversions present in waste material into CO gas.It is useless Moisture present in material can react to absorb energy from the hot environment in container 101 and form one by " steam conversion " to be aoxidized Carbon and hydrogen.If the oxygen or moisture of Shortcomings amount, unreacted carbon particulate can be entrained in the gas flow simultaneously in waste stream Set out from container 101.Therefore, it is necessary to be handled again in secondary reactor.

The synthesis gas produced in container 101 is heated at least about 1000 DEG C, includes what is be not decomposed in the forming gas Composition, therefore, according to the utility model one embodiment, plasma smelting furnace further includes cycle subsystem, from the exhaust of container 101 The gas discharged in mouth 107 imports container again, to be decomposed again., will be calm according to the utility model one embodiment To be preheated to the waste material in feed space in the guiding qi in spirality pipe that the gas that device 101 is discharged first is introduced into feed arrangement, and It is drained into again by outlet in container 101 afterwards.According to the utility model, the waste material entered in container is pulled to give up in bowl-shape Expect on runing rest, and the stent can clockwise or counterclockwise under the action of motor 117, stent is with solid waste Decomposed or melted by the heating devices heat in container during rotating, slag falls into container bottom by the gap on stent Portion.Such structure prevents waste material to be accumulated in container bottom, so as to improve the efficiency of heating surface, the speed for handling waste product carries significantly It is high.

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of DC power supply provided by the utility model, as shown in figure 4, according to one reality of the utility model The DC power supply is applied to be used to provide direct current energy, this practicality to the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode component The DC power supply of new offer includes B, N grades of DC voltage units of transformer and power-supply controller of electric, and the transformer includes one Primary coil and N number of secondary coil, adjacent power unit are cascaded by afterflow coil, and the N is whole more than or equal to 4 The alternating voltage of the 400Hz of 115V/220V is transformed into required alternating voltage by number, the transformer.N number of DC voltage list The composition of member is identical, and each power supply unit includes first coil of transformer secondary output（Such as L1, L2 ..., LN）, a rectifier （As D11, D21 ... DN1）, a fly-wheel diode（Such as（D12、D22、…、DN2）, an electronic switch（As T1, T2 ..., TN）With a driving stage（DR1、DR2、…、DRN）, electronic switch is IGBT pipes, and the cathode of the rectifier is connected to transformer The first end of secondary coil, the anode of rectifier are connected to the anode of fly-wheel diode；The cathode of sustained diode is connected to The collector component of IGBT pipes, the emitter of IGBT pipes are connected to the second end of the coil of transformer secondary output, the grid of IGBT pipes Driving stage is connected to, the control signal control IGBT pipes of the power-supply controller of electric received by driving stage according to photoisolator lead to It is disconnected.IGBT pipes work on off state, when the grid of IGBT inputs a high potential, the conducting of IGBT pipes, and the second end of coil Equivalent to the cathode for being connected to fly-wheel diode.The ac voltage rectifier conversion dc voltage that rectifier exports coil.Afterflow two The voltage at pole pipe both ends is that upper end is just, lower end is negative.When the grid of IGBT pipes inputs a low potential, the cut-off of IGBT pipes. The voltage at fly-wheel diode both ends is diode junction voltage.Driver is through photoisolator（As IN1, IN2 ..., INN）With power supply Controller is connected.

It is connected between 1st power supply unit and the 2nd power supply list with afterflow coil L12, i.e., afterflow coil L12 is connected to continuous Flow between the anode of diode D1 and the cathode of sustained diode 2；With continuous between 2nd power supply unit and the 3rd power supply unit Streamline circle L23 is connected, and so on, it is connected between the N-1 power supply unit and n-th power supply unit with afterflow coil.Such as This, if in the case that the electronic switch of each power supply unit simultaneously turns on, the total output total voltage of DC power supply is V_AlwaysFor The sum of voltage of each direct voltage output.In plasma smelting furnace, make the positive output end of DC power supply by conducting wire through first etc. The axis axially extending bore of plasma electrode component is connected to electrode assemblie section, the ground terminal of DC power supply is passed through 101 wall of container The through hole of bottom or sidepiece is connected to the second plasma electrode component, so may make up complete circuit.

In plasma melting furnace igniting, the electric switch in N number of DC voltage unit is both turned on to the first plasma electrode Component and the second plasma electrode component provide higher voltage, after the success of plasma melting furnace igniting, power controller controls The state of the switch of each DC voltage unit such as controls at the temperature in the container of in vitro smelting furnace.Preferably power-supply controller of electric passes through The working status of driver control electronic switch.Preferably power-supply controller of electric is connected to driver through photoisolator.Preferably, The DC power supply of plasma smelting furnace further includes voltage sample circuit, and the voltage sample circuit is in series by resistance R1 and resistance R2 And be connected between total voltage output terminal and ground that N number of DC voltage unit by switching series connection forms, from resistance R1 The node being connected with resistance R2 takes out sampling voltage, and gives power-supply controller of electric；Preferably, the DC power supply of plasma smelting furnace is also Including current sampling circuit R3, the current sampling circuit R3 is connected in series to N number of DC voltage unit by switching series connection and forms Total voltage source circuit in, the electric current of the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma electrode component is flowed through with sampling Value.Preferably, electric current and the magnitude of voltage control that power-supply controller of electric is provided according to current sampling circuit and voltage sample circuit are N number of The working status of electric switch in the DC voltage unit connected by electric switch.DC power supply further includes capacitance C1, it is connected It is used to filter between total power output end and ground.

According to the utility model one embodiment, it is at least provided with temperature sensor, control in plasma container 101 System is according to the information coordination electrode assembly operating mechanism that temperature sensor provides to control the first plasma electrode component and the The interval of two plasma electrode components, so that the temperature in control container, when cannot be right again by electrode assemblie travelling mechanism When interval between electrode assemblie is adjusted, by controlling N number of DC voltage connected by electric switch with power-supply controller of electric The working status of electric switch in unit, the voltage of two electrode assemblies, and then the temperature in control container are supplied to control, Since the utility model is provided with regulated power supply, the temperature range in plasma furnace vessel is expanded, is further adapted to Needs to the waste material for handling different qualities.

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram for the plasma smelting furnace that the utility model shape example provides；Fig. 6 is that the utility model becomes The bottom view for the first plasma electrode component that shape example provides；Fig. 7 is the second plasma electrode that the utility model deformation provides The bottom view of component, the utility model variation from it is above-mentioned it is different be only the first plasma electrode component and the second plasma The structure of electrode assemblie is different with mounting means, and in variation, the second plasma electrode component includes supporting item 130 and curved surface Shape electrode 129, the supporting item 130 are made of high-temperature alloy, it includes the annulus, straight that diameter is slightly less than 101 internal diameter of container Footpath is equal to the annulus of curved surface chord length and radially connects multiple connection straps of the first annulus and the second annulus, curved electrode 129 It is equal to by mechanical structure fixed diameter on the annulus of curved surface chord length, curved electrode 129 is preferably convex arc-shaped curved surface. The first plasma electrode component includes comb electrode, it includes at least a connecting shaft, electrode plate 1022 and vertically sets Put the multiple electrodes column on electrode assemblie plate.Such as 1021, the free end of the multiple electrodes column of the first plasma electrode component It is identical with the spacing of curved surface electrode, it is preferable that electrode plate 1022 is patty, and multiple electrodes column uniform vertical is arranged on electrode plate On.One end of connecting shaft is fixed on electrode plate, other end connection gear 106.Is can control by electrode assemblie travelling mechanism One plasma electrode component moves up and down in container.Second plasma electrode component is fixed on container by supporting item 130 Interior appropriate location, it is preferable that make curved surface electrode be placed in immediately below waste material swivel mount, be positioned in this way, working as on waste material swivel mount When waste material is melted, solution is flowed into container bottom by curved surface plate electrode, thus do not allow to be also easy to produce on curved surface electrode incrustation and/ Or precipitated metal, it can so keep plasma melting stove long-term stable operation.Simultaneously as the first plasma in the utility model Body electrode assemblie is pectination, is conducive to the gas ionization in container to produce plasma jet.

It should be noted that " one embodiment " referred to herein, " embodiment " or " one or more implementation Example " is it is meant that the special characteristic, structure or the characteristic that describe are included at least one implementation of the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments In example.Further, it is noted that word example " in one embodiment " is not necessarily all referring to same embodiment here.

The utility model is limited it should be noted that above-described embodiment illustrates rather than the utility model, And those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims.In right In it is required that, any reference symbol between bracket should not be configured to limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not arranged Except there are element or step not listed in the claims.Word "a" or "an" before element does not exclude the presence of more A such element.The utility model can be by means of including the hardware of some different elements and by means of properly programmed Computer is realized.The use of word first, second, and third does not indicate that any order, merely to difference.

Furthermore, it should also be noted that the language used in this specification primarily to readable and teaching purpose and select Select, rather than selected to explain or limit the theme of the utility model.Therefore, without departing from appended claims In the case of the scope and spirit of book, for those skilled in the art many modifications and changes be all it is aobvious and It is clear to.For the scope of the utility model, the disclosure done to the utility model is illustrative and not restrictive, sheet Protection domain required by utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of plasma dangerous waste processing system, it includes at least feed arrangement, plasma furnace, secondary response room and purification Device, wherein, the feed arrangement is used to melt conveying waste material to plasma, and the plasma furnace is used to gasify in waste material Either fusing is using by converting waste material, as forming gas or slag, the secondary response room is used to be conveyed plasma furnace Come forming gas secondary response be converted into can discharge gas, the purifier be used for by secondary response room conveying come gas it is net Change to remove the particulate and/or sour gas of any entrainment substantially, the plasma furnace includes container, and the container has The cavity of waste material is received, the side wall of the container is provided with feed inlet；At least two plasma electrode components, wherein first etc. Plasma electrode component is installed on container internal upper part, and can be in the sky inside container under the action of electrode assemblie travelling mechanism Moved up and down in chamber, the second plasma electrode component is installed on lower part in container, it is characterised in that in the first plasma electricity The rotation waste material stent in bowl-type or dish type is provided between pole component and the second plasma electrode component, and is located at feed inlet Lower section.

2. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first plasma electrode component edge The axis of the rotation waste material stent of bowl-type or dish type is run up and down, with the temperature in control container cavity.

3. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that rotation waste material stent is run in stent It can be rotated under the action of mechanism around the axis of the first plasma electrode component, so that the waste material being drained into container is uniform It is distributed on rotation waste material stent.

4. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that cycle subsystem is further included, it is described Cycle subsystem is used to the gas discharged from container importing container again, to divide again undecomposed complete gas Solution.

5. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the rotation waste material of bowl-type or dish type Stent is slightly less than the annulus gear of the diameter of container intracavity including diameter, diameter is much smaller than the annulus of container intracavity diameter, annulus Gear and annulus are arranged in parallel and are evenly arranged with multiple and circular planes between them to be connected in the inclination of 2 degree to 30 degree angles Narrow bars, are thusly-formed frustum, connect between adjacent two inclinations connection strap along frustum is circumferential at least provided with one or more circumferential direction Narrow bars.

6. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the rotation waste material of bowl-type or dish type Stent is used to hold liquid waste for inclined-plane with upper bottom surface or bottom surface in 2 degree of frustum drums to 30 degree of angles.

7. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the feed arrangement includes and installation Cylindrical shape feed space and the transport axis that is arranged on axis extension feed space in and along feed space of the plane in 0 degree to 15 degree angle （113）, circumferentially spiral along transport axis and be provided with fin（112）, the transport axis is driven by motor to be rotated, along the week of cylindrical tube Gas-guide tube is provided with to spiraling, the gas-guide tube and container（101）Exhausting-gas hole connection.

8. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that along the circumferential disc of cylindrical shape feed space The gas-guide tube that rotation is set forms cylindrical shape, and the periphery of the cylinder formed by gas-guide tube is provided with heat-preservation cylinder（108）Or insulating layer.

9. plasma dangerous waste processing system according to claim 8, the first plasma electrode component includes at least One electrode plate and the multiple electrodes column being vertically set on electrode plate, the second plasma electrode component include curved surface electrode, The free end of the multiple electrodes column of first plasma electrode component is identical with the spacing of curved surface electrode.

10. according to any plasma dangerous waste processing systems of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that for the first grade from The DC power supply for the electric energy that electrode in electrode and the second plasma electrode group in daughter electrode assemblie provides is according to power supply The instruction of controller and different electric energy is provided.