Can Adaptive matching load high-voltage pulse power source
Technical field
The utility model belongs to high-voltage pulse power source technical field, and in particular to it is a kind of based on FPGA control can be adaptive
The high-voltage pulse power source of matched load.
Background technology
High-voltage pulse power source has broad application prospects, plasma occur, impulse electric field processing, ozone prepare,
The fields such as blast wave stone-breaking have extensive market.Power supply is originated as the energy for producing plasma etc., plasma
Characteristic has a major impact.Research show the pulse power characteristic parameter (including output voltage waveforms characteristic, rising edge of a pulse and under
Drop is along, pulse recurrence frequency and pulse width etc.) and its with the matching state of load to the performance of system and the shadow for the treatment of effect
Sound is larger.In addition, expansion with Condition Detection means etc., it is desirable to which the control system of pulse power equipment is with preferable
Expansion interface, can match with detection means, can such as plug into real time video signals, temperature signal.In this base
Also to ensure reliability, stability, economy and the versatility of whole system on plinth.
Field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) has architecture letter
Single, flexibly, integrated level is high and the features such as good versatility for logic unit.FPGA realizes that feedback control pulse is sent out as control module
Raw system has many advantages.
During man-machine input is interacted, the industrial control computer with touch-screen is compared to PC small volume, energy
Consumption is low, and relatively simple structure is more readily maintained and resisted electromagnetic interference, while its inexpensive and higher cost performance is also very suitable
Close industrialized production and application.Select the touch-screen based on ARM frameworks to constitute human-computer interaction terminal, be that FPGA sends pulse parameter
Feedback information is displayed that simultaneously, widely used PC (PC) is instead of, not only reduces equipment volume, also reduces and is
System energy consumption.
In high voltage switch field, solid-state switch is compared traditional gas in terms of speed and operational stability is cut-off and opened
Close with very strong advantage, recently as continuing to develop for science and technology, its Breaking capacity there has also been very big lifting.It is new in this practicality
Also Large Copacity solid-state switch IGBT is applied in type to realize corresponding function.Simultaneously by the continuous monitoring of peripheral drive circuit,
IGBT feedback of status can be obtained, the driving to IGBT and the monitoring of state is realized.The pulse power work when, power supply and
There must be good matching relationship between load so that the energy of power supply output can be coupled in load to greatest extent, and
Be supported absorption and without the reflection along transmission line.Pulsed discharge plasma is characterized in that can instantaneously inject larger in a short time
Power, makes most energy be used to accelerate the electronics in plasma system and nonionic.This requires the pulse voltage formed
Waveform should have that peak value is high, it is steep to rise, the hangover low feature of voltage.In addition, the load of pulsed discharge plasma reactor
Characteristic can directly affect stability, reliability, efficiency and life-span of power work etc..
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of compact conformation, and function admirable, accuracy is high, and adjustment is flexible, can from
Adapt to the high-voltage pulse power source of matched load.The utility model cut-offs DC converter technology using no-voltage and obtains direct current height
Pressure, by FPGA communication with feedback technique obtain High-speed driving signals and feedback signal, by touch-screen input operational factor with
Back-to-back running information, high pressure ideal square wave, the high electricity of final output are obtained by pulse transformer and pulse adaptive matching networks
Press pulse recurrence frequency signal.
The utility model provide can Adaptive matching load high-voltage pulse power source, including:
Man-machine interaction touch-screen main frame, the operation general-purpose operating system is there is provided data input screen and sends control signal;
FPGA controller, passes through RS232 serial line interfaces and the touch-screen host communication;
By the high voltage direct current source module of the FPGA controller feedback control;
The pulse-shaping module and shaping pulse boost module being sequentially connected, the pulse-shaping module and shaping pulse boosting
Module is controlled respectively by the FPGA controller, the shaping pulse boost module output end as the pulse power output end;And
Adaptive matching module, it includes match circuit and load characteristic governor motion, is connected to the pulse power
Between output end and load;The FPGA controller is adjusted automatically according to the performance data of load by load characteristic governor motion
The variable capacitance and/or variable inductance in the match circuit are saved, the pulse power output end is run with load matched.
In this high-voltage pulse power source, FPGA controller mainly include fpga chip, high-voltage DC power supply voltage feedback circuit,
Pulse power voltage feedback circuit, high-voltage DC power supply module drive circuit and pulse-shaping module drive circuit etc.;It is each to drive
The input of dynamic circuit connects the corresponding pwm signal of the fpga chip output, the output end point of each voltage feedback circuit respectively
The respective input of the fpga chip is not connected.
The Adaptive matching module further comprises detecting circuit, the load with the load characteristic being connected that loads
Performance data pass through the load characteristic detect circuit obtain.The load characteristic detects circuit by load voltage sample circuit,
Phase discriminator and A/D converter composition in load current sample circuit, and the FPGA controller.
The performance data of described load can also be inputted from the man-machine interaction touch-screen, then be sent to the FPGA controls
Device processed.
The pulse transformer, pulse shaper and excitation surge current that shaping pulse boost module includes being sequentially connected suppress electricity
Road.The excitation surge current suppression circuit includes being connected on NTC thermistor and time-delay relay in electric power loop, the delay after
The normally opened contact of electrical equipment is in parallel with the NTC thermistor, is gone here and there in the ac input circuit of the rectifier power source of the time-delay relay
The connection resistance R1 and electric capacity C1 for being parallel with resistance R2.Excitation surge current suppression circuit can suppress the excitation surge current of transformer to system group
The damage of part, protective loop device, and efficiency will not be reduced.
The DC voltage of the input connection high voltage direct current source module output of pulse-shaping module, output 1-100 is delicate
The adjustable repetitive frequency pulsed voltage of adjustable pulse width, 0-100kHz.
In specific embodiment, pulse-shaping module is made up of four IGBT bridged.Fpga chip in FPGA controller
GPIO port exports two-way complementary PWM signals, and driving pulse forming module drive circuit controls IGBT break-make, forms bipolarity
Pulse or unipolar pulse.Pulse-shaping module works in a feedback mode.Also can be with straight for convenience of debugging pulse-shaping module 4
Connect pattern work.When pulse-shaping module works in direct mode, looked for according to voltage set value from default periodic quantity table
To the periodic quantity needed for phase shift, the fpga chip is exported after correspondence delay is carried out to the cycle value signal, made at power-supply system
In opened loop control state.
In other embodiments, pulse-shaping module can for inductor and capacitor bank into blumlein gauzes in parallel
Network.
High voltage direct current source module is to input three-phase alternating current, export the energy offer equipment of DC voltage.HVDC
Power module include three-phase bridge rectification charge circuit and phase shifted full bridge ZVS converter, the three-phase bridge rectification charge circuit by
It is arranged at the high voltage direct current source driving circuit driving work in FPGA controller.Outside three-phase alternating current is whole by not controlling
Current circuit is rectified into direct current, afterwards into phase shifted full bridge ZVS converter, is realized using phase shifted full bridge ZVS converter to direct current
Pressure carries out pressure regulation.Specific voltage can be set by touch-screen, and instruction is sent to FPGA controller by RS232 serial ports;It is configured
Voltage detecting sample circuit the voltage adopted and setting value are compared, change PWM phase shifting angles by feedback regulator
Size, realizes the output of high direct voltage voltage.
The information of pulse needed for the input of this high-voltage pulse power source is the input acquisition by man-machine interaction touch-screen, man-machine friendship
Mutual touch-screen main frame can run a set of pulse generating system man-machine interaction program, while there is touch-screen RS232 to control serial ports, it is whole
Body as FPGA controller host computer.Operating personnel need pulse information, the pulse information bag needed for inputting in interactive program
Include crest voltage, pulse width, pulse polarity and pulse recurrence frequency etc..Object of experiment information, such as arteries and veins can also be set simultaneously
Punching output number, operation total time and pulse total time etc..Man-machine interaction touch-screen main frame is by pulse information and control information
FPGA controller is sent to by RS232 serial ports, while obtaining feedback information and running status by RS232 serial ports, and shown;
Current direct current power source voltage and pulse voltage, current run time, voltage effect total time, pulse output number can be shown
Deng.Man-machine interaction touch-screen can realize the beginning of pulse output, the stopping of pulse output and adjust pulse characteristic etc. in real time
Function;The pulse characteristic includes crest voltage, pulse width and pulse polarity.
In FPGA controller, IO points of 3 groups of DATA buses of core FPGA chip, GPIO buses are drawn in the form of socket,
This socket is used to export pwm control signal and receives feedback signal;The pwm control signal of GPIO interface output, by photoelectricity coupling
Close, realize high-pressure and low-pressure Signal separator and level conversion.FPGA controller configuration is connected with RS232 serial ports, JTAG/CONFIG
Carry interface.FPGA has 50MHz fixed frequency crystal oscillator, and it was 20 nanoseconds that can realize the operation cycle.
The voltage detection module high pressure of high-voltage DC power supply part (be used for detect) in FPGA controller by sampling resistor,
Hall sensor, operational amplifier, AD converter, serial ports send chip and its peripheral circuit composition.High pressure voltage to be measured passes through
Sampling resistor obtains a current signal, and current signal realizes that high-pressure and low-pressure is isolated by Hall sensor, then is transported by two-stage
The conditioning and filtering of amplifier are calculated, into AD converter, voltage signal is converted into voltage string signal and is output in FPGA
Processing.The voltage detection module can use built-in A/D single-chip microcomputer, external connection 22.1184Mhz crystal oscillators, to realize that AD turns
The function of changing and fed back to host computer.
The utility model high-voltage pulse power source can produce the μ s-100 μ s of pulse width 1, and repetition rate is adjustable up to
100kHz, output crest voltage 0-100kV adjustable repeated frequency high-voltage pulse.The pulse quality of generation is good, system operation
Stable, anti-interference with high accuracy, adjustment is flexible, the features such as compact conformation.
This high-voltage pulse electric source output terminal is configured with Adaptive matching module, with load Auto-matching power supply can be made defeated
The energy gone out can be coupled in load to greatest extent, easy to use.
Its shaping pulse boost module is configured with excitation surge current suppression circuit, can suppress the excitation surge current of transformer to being
The damage of system component, protective loop device, and efficiency will not be reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be originally can Adaptive matching load high-voltage pulse power source structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of high voltage direct current source module;Fig. 3 is two blumlein line parallel network diagrams;
Fig. 4 is that the PFN circuit boards of four blumlein line parallels are in kind;Fig. 5 is Adaptive matching module diagram;
Voltage pulse waveforms when Fig. 6 is impedance matching in load;
Voltage pulse waveforms when Fig. 7 is impedance mistake in load;Fig. 8 is excitation surge current suppression circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Reference picture 1, originally can Adaptive matching load high-voltage pulse power source include man-machine interaction touch-screen main frame 1, FPGA
Controller 2, the high voltage direct current source module 3 being sequentially connected, pulse-shaping module 4, shaping pulse boost module 5 and adaptive
Matching module.Wherein, FPGA controller 2 is mainly anti-including fpga chip, direct current power source voltage feedback circuit, pulse power voltage
Current feed circuit, high-voltage DC power supply module drive circuit, pulse-shaping module drive circuit and the driving of shaping pulse boost module
Circuit etc..The essential information of pulse needed for man-machine interaction touch-screen obtains operating personnel's input, the essential information includes peak value electricity
Pressure, pulse width, pulse frequency and pulse polarity information, FPGA controls are transferred to by essential information by RS232 serial communications
In device 2, the pwm control signal of the computing logic voltage (3.3V) corresponding with conversion generation is carried out by FPGA controller 2, will
Pwm signal, which is exported, gives modules (3,4,5) corresponding drive circuit, realizes logic electricity by photoelectric coupling in the driving circuit
Press 3.3V to solid-state switch IGBT driving voltages 15V conversion, obtain power drive signal, be directly connected to high-voltage DC power supply
The solid-state switch IGBT driven needed for module 3, pulse-shaping module 4 and shaping pulse boost module 5, while by corresponding
Voltage feedback circuit part obtains the voltage status of each high-pressure modular, by comparing the difference of actual value and setting value, in real time
The parameters of adjustment PWM waveform realize feedback control, realize the output of pulse voltage while running status is fed back into touch
Panel module, displays information to operating personnel.
Man-machine interaction touch-screen main frame 1 is that a kind of industrial control computer for running the general-purpose operating system is used as host computer,
Operating personnel control the beginning and stopping of pulse generation by the parameter of program interface input pulse.Man-machine interaction touch-screen master
Machine 1 by the shielding Serial Port Lines of RS232 serial communication interfaces, and using UART host-host protocols by information according to self-editing communication protocol
FPGA controller 2 is sent to, while by RS232 serial ports receiving voltage metrical informations and excessively stream feedback information, feeding back in real time
Information is to operator, while realizing feedback control.Man-machine interaction touch-screen main frame 1 is by comparing the difference of setting value and actual value
The parameters of PWM waveform are adjusted in real time.These operations are realized in the software of operation.
Reference picture 2, high voltage direct current source module 3 is by bridge-type uncontrollable rectifier charge circuit and phase-shifting full-bridge zero-voltage transformer
(ZVS converters) is constituted.Its exterior three-phase alternating current, into direct current, is put down by uncontrollable rectifier circuit rectifies by bulky capacitor Ci
Sliding and energy storage, into phase-shifting full-bridge dc-dc, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are four solid-state switch IGBT, pass through shunt capacitance C1
~C4 and Current Limiting Diodes realize phase shifted full bridge ZVS converter, realize that no-voltage opens disconnection.The waves AC of converter output
Shape does not control full bridge rectifier final output to rear class bulky capacitor two ends by pulse transformer T1 and by what D5~D8 was constituted
Energy storage is carried out, realizes and pressure regulation is carried out to output DC voltage.Specific voltage can be set by touch-screen, voltage detecting sample circuit
The voltage adopted and setting value are compared, PWM phase shifting angle sizes are constantly changed by feedback regulator, realizes that direct current is high
The output of piezoelectricity pressure.
The sampling section of voltage detection module (high pressure for being used for high-voltage DC power supply part is detected) in FPGA controller 2
Including a sampling resistor, a Hall current sensor and operational amplifier etc..Voltage to be measured obtains one by sampling resistor
Individual Weak current enters Hall sensor, and another electric current is exported by internal current conversion, and this electric current can be surveyed directly by setting up
The low-voltage of amount, this process realizes high-low pressure isolation and changed.After low-voltage after foundation is amplified through operational amplifier, enter
Voltage follower is exported to AD converter.The setting of voltage follower can reduce common mode disturbances, improve circuit input impedance, drop
Low output impedance, prevents late-class circuit from producing influence to prime sampled voltage signal, needs to carry out before AD converter is entered
Filtering and amplitude limiting processing.In the voltage detection module of FPGA controller 2, the AD conversion of signal is by built-in A/D single-chip microcomputer is Lai real
It is existing, the external connection 22.1184Mhz crystal oscillators of single-chip microcomputer;Data are sent to be sent from RS232 serial ports.Driving voltage conversion portion by
Traditional photovoltaic coupler etc. is constituted.Aforementioned four solid-state switch IGBT is driven by the high voltage direct current source module in FPGA controller 2
Dynamic circuit drives work.
Pulse-shaping module 4 is by four IGBT switches sets into full-bridge circuit, and the full-bridge circuit is by from FPGA controller 2
The drive signal of driving pulse forming module drive circuit, and its different width in good time open disconnection, produced in load end
The impulse waveform of required one fixed width.
Pulse-shaping module 4 can also for inductor and capacitor bank into blumlein gauzes network in parallel.As utilized Fig. 3 institutes
Pulse forming network (PFN) cascade network formation pulse shown.Fig. 3 is two blumlein line parallels network examples 1, main bag
The wave process included on inductance, capacitance network, every blumlein line is identical.Adjust inductance, capacitance characteristic and its PFN series
The internal resistance of adjustable systems.Fig. 4 is that the PFN circuit boards of four blumlein line parallels are in kind, the similar Fig. 3 of principle of compositionality.It is full of
The PFN networks of electricity can form rectangular pulse to load discharge in load, and pulse width is by the characteristic time of PFN networks
Determine, it is unrelated with switch time.
For the pulse-shaping module 4 of pulse forming network form, except requiring impedance matching in load end, while pulse
Width be also to be determined with the determination of pulse forming network structure, adjustable is the polarity and ripple of impulse waveform
Shape.Pulsing device can export square wave and triangular wave in load under the control of existing controller.
The pulse transformer, pulse shaper and excitation surge current that shaping pulse boost module 5 includes being sequentially connected suppress
Circuit.The setting of excitation surge current suppression circuit is, based on following consideration, to be closed a floodgate moment in incoming power, loop can form very big
Surge current.If being precisely that surge current is up to maximum when AC-input voltage peak value starts;Especially for big
Power switch power source, surge current is possible to reach hundreds of amperes.It is past in power on moment by so big surge current
Toward that can cause closing switch burning of contact, dash current can also damage capacitor and cause rectifier bridge overcurrent damage.Fig. 8 is excitation
Surge suppression circuit theory diagrams.Excitation surge current suppression circuit include being connected on NTC thermistor in electric power loop and delay after
Electrical equipment, the normally opened contact of the time-delay relay is in parallel with the NTC thermistor, in the exchange of the rectifier power source of the time-delay relay
In input circuit, series resistance R1 and the electric capacity C1 for being parallel with resistance R2.Relay (or SCR controllable silicons) and negative temperature coefficient heat
Quick resistance (NTC) is the core parts of excitation surge current suppression module.The main function of NTC thermistor is to suppress surge.Delay
The driving power supply of relay is obtained by 220V alternating current source rectifications, and delay time is determined by resistance R1, R2 and C1, and delay time is 5
Second.Test result indicates that, the introducing of current-limiting resistance and time-delay relay preferably limits startup surge current.
Fig. 5 is Adaptive matching module diagram.Adaptive matching module includes matching circuit, load characteristic governor motion
And detect circuit with the load characteristic being connected that loads.The load characteristic detects circuit by load voltage sample circuit,
Phase discriminator and A/D modules composition in load current sample circuit, and the FPGA controller.Circuit is matched in Fig. 5 by can
Become electric capacity C and variable inductance L compositions, load voltage sample circuit is two divider resistance branch roads for being parallel to load two ends, is born
Carrying current sampling circuit can be using current transformer etc..The load voltage of two sample circuits collection, load current signal are together
The phase discriminator in FPGA controller is input to, the phase signal of phase discriminator output is converted through A/D, handled by FPGA judgements
Afterwards, output control signal is carried out by load characteristic adjustment structure to variable capacitance in match circuit and/or variable inductance parameter
Adjustment;This process is repeated up to output waveform and reaches specified degree.Fig. 6 is configured after Adaptive matching module, impedance
Voltage pulse waveforms figure in timing load;Fig. 7 is the voltage arteries and veins in load when not configuring Adaptive matching module impedance mistake
Rush oscillogram.