CN205618613U - Automatic energy -conserving drive assembly of square that increases of self -adaptation for electric motor car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic energy -conserving drive assembly of square that increases of self -adaptation for electric motor car, including box, main shaft, power input gear, gear shaft, clutch assembly, pinion stand, one -level gear, drive unit, single gear wheel and one -way spacing spiral cam. The utility model discloses a multi -sheet clutch assembly transmission moment of torsion, it can unlimited increases friction area to have, and the faying face is good, and the separation is fast, does not strike, advantage that the torsional forces value is stable. Adapt to the needs of the different moments of torsion of multiple motorcycle type in addition through the quantity of adjusting outer tooth friction plate and internal tooth welt, after the moment of torsion exceeded the calibration value of clutch assembly, one -way spacing spiral cam promoted the spacing spiral cam of thrust for outer tooth friction plate and internal tooth welt loosen each other, have effectively restricted the unlimited pressure boost of axial, guarantee that main shaft axial pressure is less than 3000N, has avoided the damage of main shaft upper bearing. The utility model discloses axial pressure has been reduced for the conversion of driving climbing machinery is steady, and sensitivity is high, and with low costs, and the structure is more reliable.

Description

A kind of electronic automotive self-adapting increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically

Technical field

This utility model relates to driving device for electric vehicle field, particularly relates to a kind of electronic automotive self-adapting certainly The dynamic increasing energy-conservation drive assembly of square.

Background technology

At present, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are essentially all by speed adjusting lever or accelerator pedal Directly control air throttle or electric current controls speed, or use hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode to realize becoming Speed.The operation of handle or accelerator pedal depends entirely on the operation of human pilot, usually can cause operation with Garage's situation is not mated, and causes motor fluctuation of service, stall phenomenon occurs.Motor vehicles is by rider In the case of being unaware of running resistance, the speed change gear controlled according only to experiential operating, unavoidable exist with Lower problem: 1, increase due to running resistance when startup, upward slope and heavy load, force motor speed to decline In the work of inefficient district.2, owing to not having mechanical transmission to adjust moment of torsion and speed, can only be in plains region Promote the use of, it is impossible to meet and use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, reduce range.3、 At driving wheel, installing space is little, after being mounted with electromotor or motor be difficult to accommodate again automatic transmission and other New technique.4, do not possesses adaptive function, it is impossible to automatically detect, revise and get rid of the operation of driver Mistake.5, when speed change is unexpected, power of motor is necessarily caused to be difficult to mate with running resistance.6、 Continue apart from short, climbing capacity is poor, subject range is little.

As Chinese Patent Application No. 201510565642.0 discloses a kind of battery-operated motor cycle inner rotor motor spiral shell Rotating tapered sleeve transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly, it includes that internal rotor drives motor, casing, biography Moving axis, slow gear drive mechanism and mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly, slow gear drive mechanism includes surmounting Clutch inner ring is coated at the inner circle of a driving sleeve and inner ring and is provided with the spiral for coordinating with driving sleeve Cam.This patent has following defects that

1, the rubbing surface in this patent uses taper transferring structure, and friction area is limited, and faying face is poor, and Being difficult to, relying on increases disc spring quantity and increases torsional forces, torque value at 70-80N.m, in conjunction with time axle To pressure at more than 15000N, and the axial compressive force after clutch assembly separates reaches as high as 25000N, The diameter of axle only has the main shaft of 20mm under long high pressure stress, and axial all relevant bearings cannot hold Being subject to, easily cause main shaft bending, moment of torsion is unstable, and driving climbing machinery switching instant has impact phenomenon, machine Tool unstable properties, the defects such as market maintenance rate is high, it is impossible to batch production.

2, in this patent, the kind of drive of original main shaft and external conical sleeve is to use lead of screw groove, and centre is deposited The steel ball of a diameter of 6mm realizes, and reference for assembling is poor, and main shaft processes pole with external conical sleeve lead of screw groove It is complicated so that the manufacturing cost of product is high.The most above-mentioned patent complicated in mechanical structure, product parts is relatively Many, poor practicability.

3, directly being driven power transmission shaft by slowspeed machine, motor cost is big, and moment of torsion is little, and electric current is big, during climbing It is easily generated big electric current, have impact on the traveling distance that storage battery once charges, shorten the service life of storage battery.

4, battery-operated motor cycle electromechanical, vehicle is single, and operation strategies is little.

Utility model content

For overcoming the problems referred to above, this utility model provides a kind of electronic automotive self-adapting, and automatically to increase square energy-conservation Drive assembly, which solves traditional product structure complicated, and manufacturing cost is high, and mechanical performance is unstable, with And the problem that market maintenance rate is high.

This utility model solves its technical problem and be the technical scheme is that a kind of electronic automotive self-adapting Automatically the energy-conservation drive assembly of square is increased, including casing, the main shaft coordinating with body pivot and outputing power, Also include power input gear, gear shaft, clutch assembly, pinion stand, one-stage gear, gear unit, Ratchet and unidirectional spacing spiral cam.

Wherein, power input gear coordinates with external motor-driven, and is meshed with gear shaft.

Gear shaft and pinion stand fix formation one chamber, and clutch assembly is installed in the chamber.

Described clutch assembly has assembly base plate, internal spline pressing plate and the spacing spiral cam of thrust；Above-mentioned Assembly base plate embeds each other with internal spline pressing plate and is connected, and offers through hole at the middle part of assembly base plate, around The surrounding of through hole is symmetrically arranged with one group of lead, in the outside of assembly base plate alternately stacked be configured with some The medial surface tight fit of individual external tooth friction plate and internal tooth liner plate, the end face outside of external tooth friction plate and gear shaft. It is correspondingly arranged on, on described internal spline pressing plate, the protuberance stretched out from through hole, with the circle of lead matched in clearance Hole portion, and for being set with one group of outer concave tooth of internal tooth liner plate.Preferably, the inner side of protuberance also sets up There is the spline matched with main shaft, main shaft is correspondingly provided with the keyway suitable with spline.The spacing spiral shell of thrust The side of rotation cam is fixed by the lead of screw with assembly base plate, and end side is provided with can be with The cam that unidirectional spacing spiral cam matches.Lead is positioned at internal spline pressing plate and the spacing spiral shell of thrust Spring also it is equiped with between rotation cam.

One-stage gear is arranged on pinion stand, and is turned round by the gear unit realization that matches with ratchet The conversion of square.

Unidirectional spacing spiral cam is provided with the groove matched with cam, unidirectional spacing spiral prominence wheel case It is contained on main shaft, and can axially compress the spacing spiral cam of thrust under the drive of ratchet so that from External tooth friction plate and the internal tooth liner plate of clutch assembly mutually unclamp.

Further, between the axial distance of cam is less than or equal to described assembly base plate to collar flange Axial distance；The diameter of cam is less than the internal diameter of unidirectional spacing spiral cam upper groove.

As this utility model one detailed description of the invention, above-mentioned gear unit includes countershaft, on this countershaft There is the first gear being meshed with one-stage gear, and the second gear being meshed with ratchet, should First gear and the second gear are coaxially disposed, and the diameter of one-stage gear is less than the diameter of the first gear. Owing to one-stage gear is delivered between ratchet use the lever ratchet speed ratio design big by small band Principle, adds torque effect pushing clutch assembly moment open, and moment reduces electric current simultaneously so that The climbing efficiency of vehicle is greatly enhanced.Certainly, the concrete structure of gear unit is not limited to tool described above Body embodiment, i.e. uses multiple sets of teeth wheels can also realize good transmission effect as increased the quantity of countershaft Really, do not repeat them here.

The over-travel of internal tooth liner plate during for preventing clutch assembly from unclamping, as of the present utility model enter one Step is improved, and described main shaft is additionally provided with the protuberance with internal spline pressing plate and fits, for controlling assembly The collar flange of base plate stroke.

As further improvement of the utility model, between gear shaft and casing, it is additionally provided with clutch shaft bearing, In the outside of clutch shaft bearing, jump ring and oil sealing are installed.It is additionally provided with one or two flanges in the end of main shaft.

This utility model compared with prior art, has an advantage in that:

1, this utility model uses plane multidisc clutch assembly transfer of torque, by regulation external tooth friction Sheet adapts to the needs of the different moment of torsion of various with the quantity of internal tooth liner plate, is disposed around leading to by spring On the lead of hole surrounding, it is possible to decrease the axially loaded of main shaft, when moment of torsion exceedes the demarcation of clutch assembly After value, unidirectional spacing spiral cam promotes the spacing spiral cam of thrust so that external tooth friction plate and internal tooth lining Plate mutually unclamps, and effectively limits the most unlimited supercharging, it is ensured that main shaft axial compressive force is less than 3000N, has Effect prevents the damage of main shaft upper bearing (metal).

2, this utility model uses the side that the spacing spiral cam of thrust cooperates with unidirectional spacing spiral cam Formula, and the structure of cam, groove is optimized, the axial distance of concrete cam is less than or equal to Described assembly base plate unclamps gap to the axial distance between collar flange, i.e. clutch assembly；Cam Diameter less than the internal diameter of unidirectional spacing spiral cam upper groove, effectively reduce axial compressive force, limit Axial unlimited supercharging.

3, gear unit of the present utility model uses mechanical lever-type ratchet speed ratio design principle, in conjunction with The advantage of aforementioned multidisc clutch assembly so that travelling climbing torque greatly, electric current is little, and electric efficiency is high, Extend the service life of storage battery.

4, this utility model uses dynamo-electric split-type design, is used as power by external motor, adjusts speed ratio, Vehicle uses wide, low cost, and for various vehicles, as long as appropriately adjusting in mechanical strength, I.e. can operate with and two take turns, make driving means on three-wheel, four-wheel storage battery motorcycle and four-wheel battery automobile.

5, it is optimized on mechanism transmission design, simplifies traditional structure, optimize processing technique, Decrease part, reduce cost.

To sum up, this utility model has can infinitely increase friction area, and faying face is good, separates fast, does not rushes Hit, the advantage of torsional forces value stabilization.It is noted that this utility model decreases axial compressive force, make Climbing mechanical switch of must driving a vehicle is steady, and sensitivity is higher.

Below with reference to drawings and Examples, this utility model is described in detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is sectional view of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of multidisc clutch assembly.

Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of multidisc clutch assembly in this utility model.

Wherein, 1, main shaft；2, power input gear；3, gear shaft；4, clutch shaft bearing；5, assembly Base plate；6, external tooth friction plate；7, internal tooth liner plate；8, spring；9, spline pressing plate；10, pinion stand； 11, the spacing spiral cam of thrust；12, screw；13, casing fixed plate；14, the first counter shaft bearing； 15, one-stage gear；16, gear cap；17, the second counter shaft bearing；18, countershaft；19, ratchet； 20, unidirectional spacing spiral cam；21, nut；22, right gland；23, the second main shaft bearing；24、 First main shaft bearing；25, right flange；26, left flange；27, screw；28, the second bearing；29、 Screw；30, casing；31, jump ring；32, oil sealing；33, collar flange；51, lead；91、 Protuberance；92, outer concave tooth；5a, the bottom face of assembly base plate；91a, the end face outside of protuberance；11a、 Cam；20a, groove；34, left and right bearing；35, left and right ball；36, left and right gland.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment,

Referring to Fig. 1 to 3, a kind of electronic automotive self-adapting increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, including casing Fixed plate 13, casing 30, gear cap 16, and the master being rotatably assorted with casing 30 and outputing power Axle 1, also includes power input gear 2, gear shaft 3, clutch assembly, pinion stand 10, one-stage gear 15, gear unit, ratchet 19 and unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20.

Casing 30 is fixed on the left side of casing fixed plate 13, and gear cap 16 is fixed on casing fixed plate 13 Right side, main shaft 1 extends to gear cap 16 direction from casing 30, and runs through casing fixed plate 13.? The left end of main shaft 1 is provided with left flange 26, and right-hand member is provided with right flange 25.

It is outside that power input gear 2 is arranged on casing 30, and coordinates with external motor-driven.At external electricity Under the drive of machine, power input gear 2 can drive the gear shaft 3 engaged to rotate together.

It is internal that gear shaft 3 is arranged on casing 30, and it is fixedly connected to form by screw 29 with pinion stand 10 One chamber, clutch assembly is installed in the chamber, is also equipped with the between above-mentioned chamber and casing 30 One bearing 4, the outside of this clutch shaft bearing 4 is additionally provided with jump ring 31 and oil sealing 32.A left side at gear shaft 3 Side endoporus is provided with the first main shaft bearing 24, and the internal diameter of this first main shaft bearing 24 is installed on main shaft 1.

Described clutch assembly has assembly base plate 5, internal spline pressing plate 9 and the spacing spiral cam of thrust 11； Above-mentioned assembly base plate 5 embeds each other with internal spline pressing plate 9 and is connected, and offers at the middle part of assembly base plate 5 Through hole, the surrounding around through hole is symmetrically arranged with one group of lead 51, in the outside of assembly base plate 5 alternately Overlapped several external tooth friction plates 6 and internal tooth liner plate 7, the end face outside of external tooth friction plate 6 and tooth The medial surface tight fit of wheel shaft 3, when gear shaft 3 rotates together with pinion stand 10 by driving external tooth to rub Pad 6 makes clutch assembly work；It is correspondingly arranged on described internal spline pressing plate 9 and to stretch out from through hole Protuberance 91, and the round hole part of lead 51 matched in clearance, and for being set with a group of internal tooth liner plate 7 Outer concave tooth 92, the inner side of this protuberance 91 is additionally provided with the spline matched with main shaft 1.The spacing spiral shell of thrust The side of rotation cam 11 is fixed by the lead 51 of screw 12 with assembly base plate 5, end side It is provided with the cam 11a that can match with unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20.Lead 51 is positioned at flower Spring 8 also it is equiped with between key pressing plate 9 and the spacing spiral cam of thrust 11.

For limiting assembly base plate 5 moving displacement in this place further, main shaft 1 is additionally provided with and interior flower The collar flange 33 that the protuberance of key pressing plate 9 fits.It is above-mentioned that to be positioned at internal spline pressing plate 9 spacing with thrust Spring 8 between spiral cam 11 is symmetrical arranged and no less than two groups.External tooth friction plate 6 and internal tooth liner plate 7 respectively no less than two panels.

One-stage gear 15 is arranged on pinion stand 10 and is positioned on the right side of casing fixed plate 13, and by pair Axle 18 matches with ratchet 19 and realizes the conversion of moment of torsion.Pinion stand 10 is permissible with one-stage gear 15 Use one-body molded or split to arrange two ways to arrange.Have on countershaft 18 and nibble with one-stage gear 15 phase The first gear being positioned on the left of countershaft closed, and be positioned on the right side of countershaft with what ratchet 19 was meshed Second gear, this first gear and the second gear be coaxially disposed, and the diameter of one-stage gear 15 is less than the The diameter of one gear.Unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20 is provided with the groove 20a matched with cam 11a, Unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20 is sleeved on main shaft 1, and axially can support under the drive of ratchet 19 The pressure spacing spiral cam of thrust 11 so that external tooth friction plate 6 and internal tooth liner plate 7 mutually unclamp.Further , between ratchet 19 and unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20, it is additionally provided with about two bearings 34, is positioned at Ball 35 between about two bearings 34, and for fixing the left and right gland 36 of ball 35.

End face outside 91a of above-mentioned protuberance 91 is to the axial distance between the bottom face 5a of assembly base plate 5 Be exactly clutch unclamp gap X, this X is in the range of 0.5～1mm.The axial distance Y of cam 11a Less than or equal to the axial distance between assembly base plate 5 to collar flange 33, the i.e. pine of aforementioned clutch Standard width of a room in an old-style house gap X.The diameter D1 of the cam 11a internal diameter less than unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20 upper groove 20a D2, i.e. forms spacing gap.

Casing 30 is fixed in casing fixed plate 13 by screw 27, and this casing fixed plate 13 is arranged There are the second bearing 28 that internal diameter is connected, and the first pair that internal diameter is connected with countershaft 18 with pinion stand 10 Axle bearing 14.

The second main shaft bearing 23 that internal diameter is set on main shaft 1 it is provided with in described gear cap 16, and interior Footpath and the second counter shaft bearing 17 being connected on the right side of countershaft.The right side of above-mentioned second main shaft bearing 23 is provided with The stop nut 21 being set on main shaft 1, the outside of this stop nut 21 is additionally provided with and prevents axial runout Right cover plate 22.

Operation principle of the present utility model is as follows:

1, external motor is inputted to power input gear 2 by gear or Timing Belt, thus driven gear axle 3, pinion stand 10 and multidisc clutch assembly operate and produce moment of torsion, when the moment of torsion produced is in demarcation Time in the range of value, clutch assembly drives main shaft 1 power to be exported, and after being passed to car by left and right flanges Wheel.Now, the spacing spiral cam of thrust cooperates with the helicoid on unidirectional spacing spiral cam, and two Person rotates under the effect of pinion stand together.

2, the one-level tooth after multidisc clutch assembly torque resistance reaches calibration value, on pinion stand 10 Take turns 15 power and be transmitted to the first gear on the left of countershaft 18, then be transmitted to ratchet by second gear on right side 19, drive unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20, unidirectional spacing spiral cam 20 to promote the spacing spiral of thrust to the left Cam 11, promotes to the left by the assembly base plate 5 in clutch assembly so that external tooth friction plate 6 and internal tooth Liner plate 7 unclamps.Owing to one-stage gear 15 is delivered between ratchet 19 use the lever big by small band Formula ratchet speed ratio design principle, adds torque effect pushing clutch assembly moment open, wink simultaneously Between reduce electric current, make vehicle add climbing efficiency.This utility model is applicable to two to take turns, three-wheel, four Wheel storage battery motorcycle and four-wheel battery automobile.

The above is only the preferred embodiment to utility model, not limits the scope of utility model Fixed, therefore on the premise of without departing from this utility model design spirit, those of ordinary skill in the art are to this reality The equivalence change done by novel described structure, feature and principle or decoration, all should fall into this practicality new In the protection domain of type.

Claims (10)

1. electronic automotive self-adapting increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, including casing (30), with case The main shaft (1) that body (30) is rotatably assorted and outputs power, it is characterised in that: also include that power inputs Gear (2), gear shaft (3), clutch assembly, pinion stand (10), one-stage gear (15), Gear unit, ratchet (19) and unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20)；

Wherein, described power input gear (2) coordinates with external motor-driven, and with gear shaft (3) It is meshed；Gear shaft (3) is fixing with pinion stand (10) forms a chamber, and clutch assembly is arranged on this In chamber；

Described clutch assembly has assembly base plate (5), internal spline pressing plate (9) and the spacing spiral of thrust Cam (11)；Above-mentioned assembly base plate (5) embeds each other with internal spline pressing plate (9) and is connected, at assembly The middle part of base plate (5) offers through hole, and the surrounding around through hole is symmetrically arranged with one group of lead (51), Alternately stacked in the outside of assembly base plate (5) it is configured with several external tooth friction plate (6) and internal tooth liner plates (7)；The end face outside of described external tooth friction plate (6) and the medial surface tight fit of gear shaft (3)；Institute State and on internal spline pressing plate (9), be correspondingly arranged on the protuberance (91) stretched out from through hole, with lead (51) The round hole part of matched in clearance, and it is used for being set with one group of outer concave tooth (92) of internal tooth liner plate (7), thrust The side of spacing spiral cam (11) fixes with assembly base plate (5), and end side is provided with can be with The cam (11a) that unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20) is matched；Lead (51) is positioned at flower Spring (8) also it is equiped with between key pressing plate (9) and the spacing spiral cam of thrust (11)；

Described one-stage gear (15) is arranged on pinion stand (10), and by gear unit with unidirectional Gear (19) matches and realizes the conversion of moment of torsion；Unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20) is provided with convex The groove (20a) that wheel (11a) matches, unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20) is sleeved on main shaft (1) On, and can axially compress the spacing spiral cam of thrust (11) under the drive of ratchet (19), make The external tooth friction plate (6) and the internal tooth liner plate (7) that obtain clutch assembly mutually unclamp.

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 1 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: the inner side of described protuberance (91) is additionally provided with the spline matched with main shaft (1), leads accordingly Axle (1) is provided with the keyway suitable with spline.

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 1 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: it is additionally provided with about two bearings between described ratchet (19) and unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20) (34), the ball (35) being positioned between about two bearings (34), and be used for fixing ball (35) Left and right gland (36).

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 1 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: be additionally provided with on described main shaft (1) protuberance (91) with internal spline pressing plate (9) fit, For controlling the collar flange (33) of assembly base plate (5) stroke.

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 4 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: the axial distance of described cam (11a) is less than or equal to described assembly base plate (5) to collar flange (33) axial distance between；The diameter of cam (11a) is less than on unidirectional spacing spiral cam (20) The internal diameter of groove (20a).

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 1 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: described pinion stand (10) is integrated with one-stage gear (15).

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 1 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: the end of described main shaft (1) is additionally provided with one or two flanges.

8. electronic automotive self-adapting as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, It is characterized in that: described gear unit includes countershaft (18), and this countershaft (18) has and one-level tooth The first gear that wheel (15) is meshed, and the second gear being meshed with ratchet (19), the One gear and the second gear are coaxially disposed, and the diameter of one-stage gear (15) is less than the first gear diameter.

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 8 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square automatically, and its feature exists In: also including casing fixed plate (13) and gear cap (16), described casing (30) is fixed on casing In fixed plate (13), the left side endoporus at gear shaft (3) is provided with the first main shaft bearing (24), should The internal diameter of the first main shaft bearing (24) is installed on main shaft (1)；Described gear cap also sets up on (16) There is the second main shaft bearing (23) that internal diameter is set on main shaft (1), this second main shaft bearing (23) Right side is provided with the stop nut (21) being set on main shaft (1), the outside of this stop nut (21) It is additionally provided with the right cover plate (22) preventing axial runout.

Electronic automotive self-adapting the most as claimed in claim 9 increases the energy-conservation drive assembly of square, its feature automatically It is: be provided with, on described casing fixed plate (13), the second axle that internal diameter is connected with pinion stand (10) Hold (28).