CN203947141U - Double back rotary kiln - Google Patents
Double back rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN203947141U CN203947141U CN201420256022.XU CN201420256022U CN203947141U CN 203947141 U CN203947141 U CN 203947141U CN 201420256022 U CN201420256022 U CN 201420256022U CN 203947141 U CN203947141 U CN 203947141U
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- rotary kiln
- kiln
- double back
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- slag
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Abstract
The utility model relates to double back rotary kiln, a kind of double back rotary kiln, comprise the first rotary kiln, inside is provided with refractory masses, slag notch place at the first described rotary kiln is connected with the second rotary kiln, the angle of the second described rotary kiln axially incline is identical with the first rotary kiln, diameter is larger than the first rotary kiln, the tap hole offering in the slag notch zygomorphy position of the second rotary kiln; Refractory masses in the first rotary kiln and the second rotary kiln inside is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with the material delivering plate that exceeds refractory materials 200～400mm, nickel after reduction and iron enter second segment rotary kiln and carry out precipitate and separate, slag will be thoroughly separated with ferronickel, the utility model energy efficient, solves rotary kiln production process ring formation problem.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model relates to the rotary kiln in smelting, is specifically related to double back rotary kiln.
[background technology]
China is a country that nickel resources is relatively poor, quite most of dependence on import.Nickel oxide ore (is commonly called as: red soil nickel ore) extracting nickel metal just progressively becomes the main flow that the world extracts nickel metal.For the feature of extracting nickel metal different process from nickel minerals, study and explore the nickel Metal Production road for development of an applicable China's national situation, the necessary nickel resources supply of China's stainless steel and special steel industry sustainable and healthy development of guaranteeing has Great significance.Nowadays, on competitive power between enterprise is more and more embodied in and how reduces production costs, how to make enterprise's production high efficiency, how to reduce the production cost of enterprise, laterite nickel-iron smelting core technology plays key effect, this core technology has solved heat-energy losses in the technological process of production, solve the industrial accident of ring formation in production process, thereby reduced a large amount of production costs.
We are engaged in the short flow process research of nickel-iron smelting, the Production Flow Chart of less investment, obvious energy conservation, instant effect.The major equipment of ferronickel production and application is rotary kiln, and the device data of rotary kiln can be determined according to the required industrial scale of user.Similar.Difference is exactly two sections of kilns, the second main smelting centrifugation.Production Flow Chart is: nickel minerals → oven dry → fragmentation → allocate coke (blue charcoal) into admittedly, the dehydration of flux mixing briquetting → preheating → rotary kiln, reduce → melt state slag iron mixture → slag separation → ferronickel → ingot casting → finishing and pack.Specific as follows:
One, technological principle
Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore is mainly divided into wet method smelting process and pyrometallurgical smelting process, but the processing method of utilizing smelting ferronickel from red soil nickel ore alloy of the interior comparative maturity of world wide still be take pyrometallurgical smelting as main at present.Pyrometallurgical smelting ferronickel is under hot conditions, with C (or Si), makes reductive agent, and the NiO in nickel oxide ore and other oxide compounds (as FeO) are reduced and obtained.Adopt selective reduction technique simultaneously, rationally use reductive agent, by reduction sequence NiO, FeO, Cr2o3, SiO2, carry out reduction reaction.In nickel-iron smelting process, its real reaction is more complicated.Ni and Fe that reaction generates can dissolve each other under different ratios, generate ferronickel.
C+CO2＝2CO
NiO+C＝Ni+CO↑
NiO+CO＝Ni+CO2 (1)
3Fe2O3+CO＝2Fe3O4+CO2
Fe3O4+CO＝3FeO+CO2
FeO+CO＝Fe+CO2 (2)
From above-mentioned (1), (2) reaction formula, can find out: it is lower that NiO, FeO reduction reaction start temperature, and the beginning temperature of reaction of NiO is approximately lower 200 ℃ than FeO; Thereby in pyrometallurgical smelting ferronickel process, although the nickel minerals NiO content adopting is lower, NiO90% is reduced above, and, in the situation that Ni/Fe is very low, can, by different technological operations, make product ni content bring up to higher level.
Another feature of red soil nickel ore is that moisture is higher, especially current China red soil nickel ore main body entrance state Philippines and the rainy humidity of Indonesia two countries weather, and in nickel minerals, moisture is substantially in 30～35% scopes fluctuations.For guaranteeing that the nickel-iron smelting working of a furnace is stable, nickel minerals must dewater entering stokehold, and agglomeration is processed, and generally uses following several pretreatment mode:
1. rotary kiln oven dry → agglomeration → rotary kiln high temperature dehydration, preheating.(using method at present)
2. rotary kiln oven dry → agglomeration → shaft furnace sintering, prereduction.
3. dry → dehydration of rotary kiln, sintering (comprising prereduction).
Two, pyrometallurgical smelting
1, rotary kiln for directly reducing method
(1) Production Flow Chart
Admittedly nickel minerals → oven dry → fragmentation → allocate coke, the dehydration of flux mixing briquetting → preheating → rotary kiln into, reduce → melt state slag iron mixture → shrend → grind → Multi-stage slag iron separation → particulate ferronickel → ferronickel fine powders such as high intensity magnetic separation.
2, RKEF method (RK rotary kiln, EF mineral hot furnace)
(1) Production Flow Chart
Admittedly nickel minerals → oven dry → fragmentation → allocate coke, the dehydration of flux mixing briquetting → preheating → rotary kiln into, reduce → melt the iron mixture → mineral hot furnace → cast of state slag
2, the objective shortcoming of prior art (one or more shortcomings that can solve or improve by this patent):
(1), the product bits of rotary kiln for directly reducing method output much general 10%～25%, moisture also many 5%～15%, produce to next procedure stainless steel to bring inconvenience and the waste great number electric energy that again heats up increases production cost, thus another be exactly after high temperature the inner ring formation of rotary kiln cause thing to be forced to produce interrupting
(2) RKEF method is smelted main highly energy-consuming, and 4000～6000 degree electricity that generally need disappear are produced one ton of ferronickel.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is in rotary kiln, to reduce ferronickel, and its energy consumption separating effect too high, that easily produce ring formation and ferronickel is bad.
To achieve these goals, design a kind of double back rotary kiln, comprise the first rotary kiln, inside is provided with refractory masses, slag notch place at the first described rotary kiln is connected with the second rotary kiln, the angle of the second described rotary kiln axially incline is identical with the first rotary kiln, diameter is larger than the first rotary kiln, the tap hole offering in the slag notch zygomorphy position of the second rotary kiln;
Refractory masses in the first rotary kiln and the second rotary kiln inside is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with the material delivering plate that exceeds refractory materials 200～400mm;
The first rotary kiln is divided into three regions by the length of kiln, comprises preheating section, reduction section, granulated iron section.
Refractory masses is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with 4 material delivering plates.
Described preheating section is for heating the furnace charge that enters the first rotary kiln.
Described reduction section is used for the furnace charge reducing through preheating section.
Described granulated iron section is carried out precipitate and separate along with the rotation of kiln body makes slag mixture through preheating section and reduction section enter the second rotary kiln from discharge opening.
The utility model compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1), the main energy sources of melting is coal, rather than expensive coke or electric energy.
(2), freely the selecting of raw material, the various red soil nickel ores in available South East Asia.
(3), the high-nickel ferronickel quality of producing high (containing about Ni8-12%), can directly be used as stainless raw materials for production.
(4), ferronickel high-temperature molten steel directly enters ladle and transfers to smelting stainless steel in stainless steel smelting AOD refining furnace as stainless steel production primary material, saving considerable part power consumption.
(5), because the transformation of rotary structure solves rotary kiln production process ring formation problem, reduce and the accident of stopping embodies Value of Science & Technology.
(6) material delivering plate has the multiple functions such as guiding, current-sharing, lifting, contacts hot gas flow completely, all mineral materials can be reached make full use of the object temperature of heat energy also just even.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of double back rotary kiln in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view in Fig. 1;
The slag notch of 10. opening for feed 20. first rotary kiln 30. second rotary kiln 32. tap hole 34. refractory masses 36. material delivering plate 38. second rotary kilns in figure;
[embodiment]
Below by specific embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings the utility model is described further, following embodiment is only for the utility model example is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, structure of the present utility model is as follows, comprise the first rotary kiln, inside is provided with refractory masses, slag notch place at the first described rotary kiln is connected with the second rotary kiln, the angle of the second described rotary kiln axially incline is identical with the first rotary kiln, diameter is larger than the first rotary kiln, the tap hole offering in the slag notch zygomorphy position of the second rotary kiln;
As shown in Figure 2, the refractory masses in the first rotary kiln and the second rotary kiln inside is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with 4 material delivering plates that exceed refractory materials 200～400mm.
Adopt the technical process of aforesaid device reduced nickel and iron as follows:
Ferronickel production process is exactly by heat reduction nickel and iron, need to obtain the melts of suitable basicity slag containing under the requirement of ferronickel, dust ore laterite 100 weight parts, reductive agent coke powder or hard coal or blue charcoal 10～20 weight parts, lime 3～10 weight parts etc. are proportioned, after mixing pressure ball, from opening for feed, pack in the first rotary kiln, rotary kiln is with the rotation of 50-120 second/rotary speed, in kiln lower end (being exhaust end) Five-channel burner combustion coal dust is housed is mineral aggregate heating.Five-channel burner underlying parameter is as follows: one, burn maximum 7 tons per hour of coal ability, and temperature can reach 1500 ℃～1700 ℃.Two, outlet wind speed is described from outside to inside, secondary combustion-supporting wind 45-80 rice per second.Outer clean wind speed 200-280 rice per second.Coal wind speed 25-45 rice per second.Eddy flow wind speed 180-250 rice per second.Center wind speed 80-120 rice per second.Eddy flow angle 25-45 degree.Adjusting angle 3 is spent up and down, and swirler adopts adjustable, and 25-45 degree can be selected arbitrarily, coal wind entrance Wear-resistant Treatment compound 69 5# pottery, high temperature section material 2cr25ni20.1.85 meters of little Trucks translational speed per minutes.Also fill if desired the secondary blast pipe C0 that the carbon element in furnace charge and reduction reaction generate with the supply needed oxygen that burns.Etc. rear test rotary kiln exhaust gas CO content to be produced, determine oxygen supply, also can.
Laterite:
| Project | Ni(％) | Fe(％) | MgO(％) | SiO 2(％) | Co(％) | |
| Parameter | 1.8-2.0 | 15-20 | 5-15 | 10-30 | 0.02-0.1 |
Coke powder or hard coal
Coal dust
By 20 tons～40 tons, the furnace charge that adds per hour, it is different that different diameter rotary kiln adds furnace charge, in kiln, stop 4～6 hours along with kiln body rotate furnace charge gradually from top to bottom mobile furnace charge in kiln, be lamelliform and distribute, in contacting with high temperature kiln wall with reverse hot gas flow, heated gradually.According to kiln temperature, distribute, the physical condition of furnace charge is carried out physical-chemical reaction in kiln, and as shown in Figure 1, the first rotary kiln is divided into three regions by the length of kiln:
Preheating section: furnace charge enters rotary kiln and heated gradually, 300 ℃～600 ℃ of general temperature ranges, planar water and crystal water in furnace charge are excluded.In the fugitive constituent of reductive agent and furnace charge, charcoal hydrochlorate is by decomposed and eliminating.
Reduction section: along with the rising of charge-temperature, nickel oxide and iron oxide reduction reaction aggravation gradually in kiln, 600 ℃～1100 ℃ of this section of temperature ranges, the heating that the fierce burning of C0 that the charcoal element in furnace charge and reduction generate has promoted furnace charge is more effectively furnace charge most of reduction when temperature reaches 1100 ℃.
Granulated iron section: furnace charge enters granulated iron OCCURRENCE STATE OF VEINSTONE, ash content, flux and unreduced nickel oxide and ferric oxide form highly acid oxidation slag, this section of temperature is at 1100 ℃～1350 ℃, along with reduction reaction fierceness is carried out oxide compound and is reduced gradually, the final suitable slag of the uniform viscosity of strongly-acid that obtains, the metallic nickel that reduction generates, iron oozes gradually charcoal and is melt into nickel under a high position, iron shot is suspended in slag, along with the little nickel bead of rotation semi-melting of kiln body and little iron shot collide the mixture that aggregates into gradually this ferronickel particle of larger ferronickel particle and slag mutually, be called melts and from discharge opening, enter the second rotary kiln and carry out precipitate and separate.
The second rotary kiln precipitate and separate: the second rotary kiln axial angle is identical with the first rotary kiln, diameter is larger than main diameter, can carry the slag of 40 tons～50 tons ferronickel molten steel and nearly hundred tons, apart from the vertical kiln axon in 2 meters of left and right of slag notch, to 90 degree, two symmetrical tap holes are being installed.This section of precipitate and separate band mainly smelted precipitate and separate effect.Ferronickel particle adds a certain proportion of lime or ferrosilicon powder to adjust viscosity coefficient of dross (potential of hydrogen of visual fusion slag is adjusted amount of lime) after entering decoupled band with the melts mixing of slag, along with the ferronickel pearl of the rising melting of temperature is precipitated rapidly and forms a large amount of ferronickels molten bath, this section of temperature is at 1350 ℃～1550 ℃, slag will be thoroughly separated with ferronickel, open tap hole cast ingot casting.Or ferronickel high-temperature molten steel directly enters ladle and transfers to smelting stainless steel in AOD refining furnace as stainless steel production primary material.The operations such as upper strata slag is cooling, broken through shrend after discharging, magnetic separation are removed slag and are obtained ferronickel fine powder, further improve the rate of recovery of nickel.
Claims (5)
1. a double back rotary kiln, comprise the first rotary kiln, inside is provided with refractory masses, it is characterized in that being connected with the second rotary kiln at the slag notch place of the first described rotary kiln, the angle of the second described rotary kiln axially incline is identical with the first rotary kiln, diameter is larger than the first rotary kiln, the tap hole offering in the slag notch zygomorphy position of the second rotary kiln;
Refractory masses in the first rotary kiln and the second rotary kiln inside is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with the material delivering plate that exceeds refractory materials 200～400mm;
The first rotary kiln is divided into three regions by the length of kiln, comprises preheating section, reduction section, granulated iron section.
2. double back rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that refractory masses is circumferentially uniformly-spaced provided with 4 material delivering plates.
3. double back rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described preheating section is for heating the furnace charge that enters the first rotary kiln.
4. double back rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the furnace charge of described reduction section for reducing through preheating section.
5. double back rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described granulated iron section carries out precipitate and separate along with the rotation of kiln body makes slag mixture through preheating section and reduction section enter the second rotary kiln from discharge opening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420256022.XU CN203947141U (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Double back rotary kiln |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420256022.XU CN203947141U (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Double back rotary kiln |
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| CN203947141U true CN203947141U (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN201420256022.XU Expired - Fee Related CN203947141U (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Double back rotary kiln |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630407A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 唐竹胜 | Whole-body type external-heating muffle type rotary kiln |
| CN107267776A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction beneficiation enrichment produces ferronickel |
-
2014
- 2014-05-19 CN CN201420256022.XU patent/CN203947141U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630407A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 唐竹胜 | Whole-body type external-heating muffle type rotary kiln |
| CN107267776A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction beneficiation enrichment produces ferronickel |
| CN107267776B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-11-08 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction-beneficiation enrichment production ferronickel |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141119 Termination date: 20150519 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |