CN1991291A - Heat exchanger tube, method of manufacturing heat exchanger tube, and fluidized-bed furnace - Google Patents
Heat exchanger tube, method of manufacturing heat exchanger tube, and fluidized-bed furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1991291A CN1991291A CNA2006101562711A CN200610156271A CN1991291A CN 1991291 A CN1991291 A CN 1991291A CN A2006101562711 A CNA2006101562711 A CN A2006101562711A CN 200610156271 A CN200610156271 A CN 200610156271A CN 1991291 A CN1991291 A CN 1991291A
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- transfer pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
- F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
- F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
- F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/48—Preventing corrosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
- F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A heat exchanger tube 41 includes: a first cover layer 44 provided on an outer side of a tube main body 42 to partly or completely cover a tube main body 42; and a second cover layer 45 provided on an outer side of the first cover layer 44 to partly or completely cover the first cover layer 44. The first cover layer 44 is formed by overlay-welding a material higher in ductility than the second cover layer 45 to the tube main body 42. The second cover layer 45 is formed by overlay-welding a material higher in hardness than the first cover layer 44 to the first cover layer 44.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method and the fluidized-bed furnace of heat-transfer pipe, heat-transfer pipe.
Background technology
Discarded object is carried out the fluidized-bed furnace of burning disposal, possess mobile sand washes such as making silica sand in the fluidized bed of siege portion.Fluidized-bed furnace is on one side from siege liquidation gas such as blow out air to fluidized bed, Yi Bian blow afloat the equipment that mobile sand heats, when making incinerated matter such as discarded object and the mobile sand of high temperature mixes, stirs, drying, thermal decomposition, makes its burning.
In the body of heater of this fluidized-bed furnace, be provided be used to regulate flow sand and incinerated matter temperature heat-transfer pipe (cooling tube) (with reference to the spy open the 2004-93058 communique, the spy opens the 2005-315566 communique).Internal circulation at heat-transfer pipe has cold-producing mediums such as water, by with mobile sand, incinerated matter and heat-transfer pipe that the surface of heat-transfer pipe contacts in cold-producing medium carry out heat exchange via the surfaces externally and internally of heat-transfer pipe, flow sand and incinerated matter are cooled.
Generally, the material of the heat-transfer pipe that is adopted in the various devices is selected based on its hear resistance to temperature under the atmosphere of using heat-transfer pipe.For example, in the atmosphere below 350 ℃, adopt carbon steel, adopting low-alloy steel below 500 ℃, adopting chrome-bearing steel (Cr:9%～12%) below 550 ℃, at the main austenite stainless steel etc. that adopts more than 550 ℃.
But in fluidized-bed furnace, the temperature that heat-transfer pipe exposed is the scope about 500 ℃～1100 ℃, and, in fluidized-bed furnace,, the burning disposal of incinerated matter contains HCl (hydrogen chloride), Cl because of can producing
2The highly corrosive gas of (chlorine) etc.And around heat-transfer pipe, flow sand and the mobile of incinerated matter can carry out actively.Particularly sneak into pointed, the hard material of the sheet metal, sand etc. of incombustible in incinerated matter, these materials can constantly impact heat-transfer pipe.Under such environment, be difficult to make heat-transfer pipe to have sufficient performance, even the intensity of its hear resistance, the pressure that produces with being blown into of gas to the abrasion performance that contacts of flow sand and incinerated matter, to liquidation to the high temperature in the fluidized-bed furnace, to the corrosion resistance of corrosive gas produced along with the expansion of variations in temperature and contraction also can not produce the crack ductility, can effectively regulate the heat conductivity etc. of the temperature of mobile sand and incinerated matter, all can't satisfy.Therefore, be easy to generate the deterioration condition such as abrasion, damage, burn into crack of heat-transfer pipe, be difficult to prolong the life-span of heat-transfer pipe, need carry out inspection, repairing, replacing of heat-transfer pipe etc. continually.Be difficult to cut down needed time of operation and cost under this situation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of above-mentioned aspect, and its purpose is, even a kind of also have under the environment of high temperature, highly corrosive high abrasion performance, corrosion resistance are provided, and the manufacture method of the outstanding heat-transfer pipe of durability and such heat-transfer pipe.And, the present invention also aims to provide a kind of fluidized-bed furnace that possesses this heat-transfer pipe.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of heat-transfer pipe, between the outside of stream that is arranged at tube body inside and tube body, carry out heat exchange, it is characterized in that, be provided with part or all first cover layer that covers the aforementioned tubes main body in the aforementioned tubes external side of main body, have in the aforementioned first tectal arranged outside and to cover aforementioned first tectal part or all second cover layer, aforementioned first cover layer is formed greater than the aforementioned second tectal material by ductility, and aforementioned second cover layer is higher than the aforementioned first tectal material by hardness and forms.
The material that aforementioned first cover layer and aforementioned second cover layer can be higher than the aforementioned tubes main body by the corrosion resistance to outside atmosphere constitutes.And the aforementioned tubes main body can be higher than aforementioned first cover layer and the aforementioned second tectal material constitutes by pyroconductivity.The aforementioned first tectal thickness and the aforementioned second tectal thickness can be than the thin thickness of aforementioned tubes main body.
The material of aforementioned tubes main body can be carbon steel or low-alloy steel.The aforementioned first tectal material can be an austenite stainless steel.The aforementioned second tectal material can be a chromium alloy.
And, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of heat-transfer pipe, is the manufacture method of above-mentioned any one heat-transfer pipe, it is characterized in that, form aforementioned first cover layer by the aforementioned tubes main body is implemented built-up welding, form aforementioned second cover layer by aforementioned first cover layer is implemented built-up welding.And then, the invention provides a kind of fluidized-bed furnace, be the fluidized-bed furnace that in body of heater, makes flow media flow, make incinerated matter to burn, in aforementioned body of heater, have any one heat-transfer pipe that meets above-mentioned feature.
Aforementioned second cover layer can be arranged on the part that aforementioned heat-transfer pipe contacts with aforementioned flow media.Aforementioned heat-transfer pipe can constitute a plurality of straight sections that possess mutually approximate configured in parallel.And aforementioned a plurality of straight sections can be configured at mutual different height place, make length direction towards laterally respectively.Aforementioned second cover layer is set at the bottom of the straight sections that is positioned at subordinate in aforementioned a plurality of straight sections at least.In addition, the tube body of adjacent straight sections contacts each other, and aforementioned second cover layer can be arranged on the part that the part that contacts with each other from the tube body of aforementioned straight sections is separated.
According to the present invention, can protect first cover layer by second cover layer by the first cover layer protection tube main body.By utilizing built-up welding to form first cover layer, can make first cover layer be engaged in tube body more firmly.And then, form second cover layer by utilizing built-up welding, can make second cover layer be engaged in first cover layer more firmly.By between the tube body and second cover layer, first cover layer being set,, can prevent that also the crack is developed to tube body even second cover layer produces the crack.Thereby, can make heat-transfer pipe have enough durability.Therefore, can reduce the frequency of the inspection, repairing, replacing etc. of heat-transfer pipe, so can cut down costs such as the needed labour cost such as inspection, repairing, replacing of heat-transfer pipe and cost of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the summary longitudinal section of the related fluidized-bed furnace of present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the summary sectional elevation of fluidized-bed furnace.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section of heat-transfer pipe.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section that the second tectal thickness is formed the related heat-transfer pipe of the embodiment of partial thickening.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section that has also formed the related heat-transfer pipe of the second tectal embodiment on the top of heat-transfer pipe.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section that all straight sections at heat-transfer pipe have all formed the related heat-transfer pipe of the second tectal embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section that possesses the related heat-transfer pipe of the embodiment of strengthening part.
Fig. 8 is the general principal view of the formation of explanation heat-transfer pipe of boiler and sootblower arrangement.
Fig. 9 is the sectional elevation of the heat-transfer pipe of boiler.
Figure 10 is the key diagram of sootblower arrangement.
The specific embodiment
Below, based on the pulverizing residue (shredder dust) of abandoned car as the fluidized-bed furnace that incinerated matter (burning raw material) burns, preferred implementation of the present invention is described.Fluidized-bed furnace 1 shown in Figure 1 is an inclination distributing fluidized bed combustion furnace, the body of heater 2 with squarish.In the inner space of body of heater 2, the bottom becomes the S1 of primary zone that carries out incinerated matter burning (primary combustion), and top becomes burn secondary combustion chamber (free space) S2 of (second-time burning) of the exhaust that is produced by the primary combustion of incinerated matter.
The side wall portion 6 of body of heater 2 is the squarish tubular, has approximate rectangular roughly same shape of cross section, have and erect four medial surfaces that are arranged at approximate vertical, anteromedial surface 6a promptly shown in Figure 2, back medial surface 6b, left medial surface 6c and Right Inboard face 6d.The siege 7 of body of heater 2 is approximate rectangle, and its width is towards left and right directions (in Fig. 1, being from the direction of front side towards rear side), is tilted to be arranged to more from the place ahead (left Fig. 1) (among Fig. 1 right-hand) reduces more gradually towards the rear.That is, siege 7 is mutually between opposed a pair of anteromedial surface 6a and the back medial surface 6b, is configured to relative horizontal plane and tilts.
As shown in Figure 1, on siege 7, promptly the bottom of the S1 of primary zone is provided with fluidized bed 10, and this fluidized bed 10 is piled up emboliform flow media is arranged, and promptly mobile sand such as silica sand for example makes its burning while stir incinerated matter.
Body of heater 2 is provided with the input port 11 that is used for incinerated matter and mobile sand are put into the S1 of primary zone.Input port 11 is positioned at the top of fluidized bed 10, in anteromedial surface 6a upper shed.That is, input port 11 is arranged at the eminence side at the incline direction of siege 7.Input port 11 is connected with path 12.Dropped into hopper 13 at incinerated matter and mobile sand, after mixing by blender 14,, can be supplied to the S1 of primary zone continuously with set feeding capacity via path 12 and input port 11 based on running to dirt device 15.
As shown in Figure 2, input port 11 is made of central input port 11a that overlooks the substantial middle that is configured in anteromedial surface 6a under the state and the input port 11b, the 11b that are disposed at the left and right sides of this input port 11a in anteromedial surface 6a.These input ports 11a and input port 11b, 11b are connected respectively with to dirt device 15 and path 12, respectively to the running of dirt device 15, the incinerated matter of can be respectively supplying with to the quantity delivered of the incinerated matter supplied with from central input port 11a and mobile sand, from input port 11b, the 11b of both sides and the quantity delivered of mobile sand are set arbitrarily by control.
As shown in Figure 1, on siege 7, spread all over siege 7 integral body and be provided with a plurality of liquidations, will be used to blow afloat mobile sand and make the liquidation of its liquidation supply to the S1 of primary zone with gas with gas supply port 20.Below siege 7, be formed with a plurality of portion that is blown into 21 that is divided into.And, be blown into the liquidation gas that contains air (oxygen) etc. via liquidation with gas supply port 20 from respectively being blown into portion 21,, can blow afloat the interior mobile sand of the S1 of primary zone by towards top ejection liquidation gas, stir and make its liquidation, form fluidized bed 10 thus.The liquidation that is blown into portion's 21 supplies to each gas can be regulated separately respectively with the flow of gas, is blown into portion 21 by increase and decrease from each gas and is blown into the speed of liquidation with gas, can adjust the height that blows afloat of the sand that flows.
As shown in Figure 1, siege 7 is provided with conveying end 30, is used for taking out from the S1 of primary zone the combustion slag (incombustible) and the mobile sand of incinerated matter.Conveying end 30 is arranged on the foot of lower side along the incline direction of siege 7.This conveying end 30 is connected with path 31.Pass conveying end 30 and drop into the incinerated matter combustion slag and the mobile sand of path 31 from the S1 of primary zone, be output based on the running of discharger 32, not shown conveyer etc.Then, utilizing after not shown sieve etc. carried out the differentiation of combustion slag and mobile sand, make the sand that flows turn back to hopper 13 once more.
In the S1 of primary zone, be provided with the heat transfer tube group 40 that is used to regulate mobile sand temperature.Observe from siege 7, heat transfer tube group 40 is set at oblique upper (top of lower side), possesses many heat-transfer pipes (cooling tube) 41 (with reference to Fig. 2).As shown in Figure 1, each heat-transfer pipe 41 is according to the mode bending of alternately turning back to opposition side in a plurality of positions, and the straight sections 41a of many (in the example of Fig. 1 being 12) approximate straight tube-like is the shape that is configured according to the mutual approximate mode that is arranged in parallel.This heat-transfer pipe 41 is installed in body of heater 2 on the medial surface 6b of back, is configured to towards anteromedial surface 6a side-prominent.Many straight sections 41a are configured in different height mutually along the face that is similar to vertical, are configured to multistage according to building long-pending mode up and down.Each straight sections 41a is with respect to anteromedial surface 6a and back medial surface 6b near normal, and its length direction is configured to the near linear shape towards the level of approximation direction.Bend 41b with straight sections 41a couples together each other is built among the medial surface 6b of back in back medial surface 6b side, and is opposed in anteromedial surface 6a side and anteromedial surface 6a.The heat-transfer pipe 41 that has roughly same shape mutually as described above as shown in Figure 2, by between the left medial surface 6c and Right Inboard face 6d body of heater 2 in, mutual being similar to separate equal intervals abreast and be disposed with a plurality ofly, constituted heat transfer tube group 40.Though as previously mentioned, siege 7 is tilted setting, but under the situation of overlooking, each heat-transfer pipe 41 is configured to extend with linearity respectively along the incline direction of siege 7, and, each heat-transfer pipe 41 gap each other forms along the incline direction of siege 7 and extends with linearity under the situation of overlooking.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, though each heat-transfer pipe 41 for example is set at the scope with the roughly the same height of height that forms input port 11, but, on the incline direction of siege 7, be set at the lower side, owing between input port 11 and heat-transfer pipe 41, formed enough spaces, so 11 inputs fall from the input port mobile sand and incinerated matter can directly not impact to heat-transfer pipe 41, can be so that mobile sand and incinerated matter fall on siege 7 with having surplus.Therefore, can prevent that heat-transfer pipe 41 from sustaining damage.
In addition, each heat-transfer pipe 41, the straight sections 41a of its downside part and bend 41b bury in fluidized bed 10, and the straight sections 41a and the bend 41b that are arranged at top are configured in the height that is higher than fluidized bed 10.For example, under fluidized bed 10 immobilising states, from following numerical digit in the first order and partial straight sections 41a and with them between the bend 41b that couples together bury in the sand that flows, under the state that fluidized bed 10 flows, from numerical digit down in the straight sections 41a of the first order～third level and the bend 41b that couples together between with them bury in the sand that flows.
Fig. 3 represents to use with respect to approximately perpendicular state that cuts off heat-transfer pipe 41 of the length direction of straight sections 41a.As shown in Figure 3, heat-transfer pipe 41 possesses the tube body 42 of the approximate circle tubulose with roughly certain external diameter and internal diameter, the inner space of tube body 42 constitutes stream 43, and this stream 43 has the cross sectional shape of the sub-circular that water cold-producing mediums such as (steam) for example passes through.And, in the outside of tube body 42, possess first cover layer 44 of the outside integral body that covers tube body 42 and cover second cover layer 45 of the outside part of first cover layer 44.In illustrated example, up and down the tube body 42 of the straight sections 41a of adjacency each other near to or in contact with, first cover layer 44 according to spreading all over each straight sections 41a and each bend 41b integral body, the mode that covers whole outer peripheral faces of tube body 42 is carried out stacked.On the other hand, second cover layer 45 forms, at the straight sections 41a of subordinate with from counting partial straight sections 41a down, along the outer peripheral face of the local covering of circumferencial direction first cover layer 44.In addition, though not shown, also be formed with second cover layer 45 at the subordinate bend 41b place in the bend 41b in the place ahead.And first cover layer 44 forms the built-up welding of tube body 42 as mother metal by the outer peripheral face whole implementation to tube body 42.Second cover layer 45 forms by the outer peripheral face of first cover layer 44 is implemented built-up welding.On the radial direction of heat-transfer pipe 41, first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45 form to such an extent that be thinner than the thickness of tube body 42 respectively.
As tube body 42, adopt the pyroconductivity height, have enough hear resistances and have the material that the ductility of crack degree does not take place because of thermal stress, for example, can use that pipe that the boiler hot interchanger is made of low-carbon steel with carbon steel steel pipe (for example STB35E, STB340E etc.) etc. or boiler hot interchanger wait by the pipe of low-alloy steel (chrome-molybdenum steel) formation with steel alloy steel pipe (for example STBA24 etc.) etc.In addition, the material of this tube body 42, its thermal conductivity ratio first cover layer 44 and second cover layer, 45 height.For example external diameter can be about about 76.2mm the size of tube body 42, the thickness of the tube body 42 of radial direction for example can be about about 8mm.
Material as first cover layer 44, employing has enough hear resistances, corrosion resistance, and can access the material with the ductility of the material same degree of tube body 42, for example can use austenite stainless steel (being preferably austenite stainless steel, SUS309MoL of the low carbon element concentration of having added molybdenum (Mo) etc.) etc.Austenite stainless steel is in the burning disposal of body of heater 2 internal cause incinerated matters and the corrosive gas that produces (comprises HCl gas (hydrogen chloride gas), Cl
2Gas (chlorine) etc.) have corrosion resistance, have the corrosion resistance higher than the material of tube body 42.Promptly; first cover layer 44 has at the corrosion resistance of the aggressive atmosphere that produces in the outside of heat-transfer pipe 41 character higher than tube body 42; by utilizing the first such cover layer 44 to cover the whole outer surface of tube body 42; can protection tube main body 42, suitably prevent the damage and the corrosion of tube body 42.And even austenite stainless steel at high temperature also is difficult to sclerosis, thus, first cover layer 44 can together be out of shape with tube body 42 when tube body 42 expands, shrinks along with variations in temperature.Therefore,, also can not hinder the thermal deformation of tube body 42, can prevent that tube body 42 is destroyed because of thermal stress even cover tube body 42 integral body by first cover layer 44.In addition, can prevent that first cover layer 44 from peeling off from tube body 42, the protection tube main body 42 reliably.
As mentioned above, first cover layer 44 forms by the outer surface of tube body 42 is implemented built-up welding.Built-up welding can be by for example having adopted automatic soldering device arc welding or gas welding etc. carry out automatically.Weld seam is for example along the length direction of tube body 42 and extend.Like this, when forming first cover layer 44 by hardening built-up welding, outer surface and the interface branch between first cover layer 44 at tube body 42 (mother metal) produce fusing, first cover layer 44 is engaged with tube body 42, compare with the situation that tube body 42 engages with make first cover layer 44 by spraying plating or pressure welding etc., can make the two joint securely.Therefore, can prevent that first cover layer 44 from peeling off from tube body 42, thus protection tube main body 42 reliably.And, even, also be difficult to peel off from tube body 42 owing to be subjected to for a long time friction or impact, so, life-span of heat-transfer pipe 41 can be prolonged.
In addition, spraying plating is meant by the state with fusion grafting material (depositing materials) is impacted to mother metal, form the method for tunicle, but because mother metal and grafting material can not become the state of fusion, so, if the impact that grafting material is subjected to is big, then exist the possibility that grafting material can be peeled off from mother metal.Relative therewith, under the situation of built-up welding, fusion is deposited mutually because grafting material and mother metal are in the part of having a common boundary, so, compare with the situation of spraying plating, grafting material is engaged securely with mother metal, can prevent that thus grafting material from peeling off from mother metal.
At the radial direction of heat-transfer pipe 41, the thickness of first cover layer 44 forms than the thin thickness of tube body 42, for example forms about about 3mm～5mm.In addition, the thickness of first cover layer 44 also can be thinner than below the 3mm, but exist following unfavorable condition under this situation, promptly, the composition of tube body 42 may excess molten among first cover layer 44, can't obtain enough performances, and can in the thickness of first cover layer 44, produce unequal.For fear of above-mentioned unfavorable condition, need make the processing conditions optimization, cause processing to become difficult thus.On the other hand, if thicken first cover layer 44, though then help improving the intensity of first cover layer 44,, as previously mentioned, when for example adopting austenite stainless steel etc. as the material of first cover layer 44, because the material of its thermal conductivity ratio tube body 42 is little, so, if excessively increase the thickness of first cover layer 44, then the heat conductivity of first cover layer 44 is understood variation, exists the possibility of the temp regulating function decline of heat-transfer pipe 41.And the thickness of first cover layer 44 is thick more, and processing cost is also high more.Therefore, from considerations such as the application property of the function of first cover layer 44, built-up welding, economy, the thickness of preferred first cover layer 44 is about 3mm～5mm.
As the material of second cover layer 45, can use hardening built-up welding material with enough hear resistances, corrosion resistance, abrasion performance, for example be chromium alloy of main component etc. with Fe (iron).And, about preferably the Vickers hardness of this hardening built-up welding material (Hv) is approximately more than 500.In the present embodiment, employing is by weighing with quality %, C (carbon) is about 5%～6%, Cr (chromium) is about 22%, Nb (niobium) is about 6%, other trace element (impurity) is about 7%～8%, remaining chromium alloy (the nominal hardness: Hv900) that constitutes for Fe.Chromium alloy and aforesaid austenite stainless steel are same, and corrosive gas is had corrosion resistance, have the corrosion resistance material higher than the material of tube body 42.That is, second cover layer 45 has the character higher than tube body 42 for the corrosion resistance of the aggressive atmosphere that produces in the outside of heat-transfer pipe 41.And the material of its hardness ratio tube body 42 of chromium alloy and austenite stainless steel height have outstanding abrasion performance.That is, second cover layer 45 is harder than the tube body 42 and first cover layer 44, by covering first cover layer 44 by second cover layer 45, can protect first cover layer 44, prevents the damage and the friction of first cover layer 44 rightly.In addition, the average hardness of chromium alloy integral body is about Hv900, but surface at chromium alloy, promptly the carbide crystalline of chromium system can be separated out in the surface of second cover layer 45, high surface hardness about this crystal has more than the Hv1000 is even and be that gas also has high corrosion resistance for chlorine at high temperature.Like this, because chromium alloy has very outstanding characteristic, so, be suitable for material as second cover layer 45.
In addition, because chromium alloy is easy at high temperature harden, cause the big crack that takes place easily of fragility, so if directly make its outer peripheral face that is welded in tube body 42, then the crack that is produced in the chromium alloy layer might be transmitted to tube body 42.Under this situation, along with going deep into of crack, there is the danger of fracture in tube body 42.And if corrosive gas invades in the crack, then tube body 42 can be exposed under the corrosive gas, also might be corroded.Relative with it, in the present embodiment, bigger and be difficult to produce on first cover layer 44 in crack by being welded to ductility than second cover layer 45 as second cover layer 45 of chromium alloy layer, it is arranged on the tube body 42 indirectly, and the crack propagation that can prevent to produce at second cover layer 45 is to tube body 42.That is, be arranged at first cover layer 44 between second cover layer 45 and the tube body 42 by clamping, the progress in crack is being brought into play effect as buffer unit, protection tube main body 42 is not subjected to the influence of crack and fracture reliably.
This second cover layer 45 is arranged to, and strengthens with friction part fierce especially, demanding abrasion performance from the impact of fluidized bed 10 being subjected in first cover layer 44.Particularly since the mobile sand that blows afloat from the below and incinerated matter can be fiercely the straight sections 41a that is positioned at subordinate impacted, so the outer surface of straight sections 41a sustains damage easily.Therefore, second cover layer 45 is set for good in the bottom (lower surface) of the straight sections 41a of subordinate at least.On the other hand, be positioned at the straight sections 41a of higher level's side etc. among a plurality of straight sections 41a and since when fluidized bed 10 flows, also be positioned at fluidized bed 10 above, few with contacting of mobile sand and incinerated matter, so, also second cover layer 45 can be set.In example shown in Figure 3, for being positioned at the number first order and partial straight sections 41a down, promptly under fluidized bed 10 immobilising states, also bury the straight sections 41a in fluidized bed 10, second cover layer 45 is set respectively.On the other hand, the number third level～higher level's straight sections 41a under other being arranged in, owing to be subjected to that the number first order and partial straight sections 41a are few down from the impact of fluidized bed 10 and friction ratio, so, second cover layer 45 is not set, is in the state that has exposed first cover layer 44.
In the straight sections 41a of subordinate, it is whole and be provided with that second cover layer 45 spreads all over both sides from the bottom integral body of straight sections 41a, forms cross sectional shape and be approximately C word shape.Counting among the partial straight sections 41a down, second cover layer 45 is configured to cover the both sides integral body of straight sections 41a.
And, along tube body 42 groove shape part each other, promptly at the top of the tube body 42 that lays respectively at subordinate and groove shape part 46 places of the position contacting both sides, bottom of the partial tube bodies 42 of number down, second cover layer 45 is not set, be in the state that has exposed first cover layer 44, second cover layer 45 is set at the part of separating from groove shape part 46.In illustrated example, for the straight sections 41a of subordinate, in the cross section of straight sections 41a, central portion with stream 43 is the center, make from central portion and be approximately the part of 30 ° scope towards the approximate vertical guide of top as the central angle of benchmark, becomes the part that does not form second cover layer 45.That is, second cover layer 45 is formed at the part that central angle is about 300 ° of scopes continuously.In addition, for counting partial straight sections 41a down, in the cross section of straight sections 41a, central portion with stream 43 is the center, make the part that is approximately 30 ° scope from central portion towards the approximate vertical guide of top as the central angle of benchmark, and make from central portion and be approximately the part of 30 ° scope towards the approximate vertical guide of below as the central angle of benchmark, become the part that does not form second cover layer 45.That is, the second cover layer 45a is in the both sides of straight sections 41a, is formed on central angle respectively continuously and is about range section about 120 °.
Like this, if second cover layer 45 is at the circumferencial direction of each straight sections 41a, form the part rather than the outer surface integral body that cover first cover layer 44, then when tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 expand along with variations in temperature or shrink, can keep surplus and be out of shape.That is, when tube body 42 under hot environment and first cover layer 44 produced distortion, the tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 are had be used for can be at (being used for making external diameter to expand) of circumferencial direction elongation wider space.Be under the little situation of the metal of high rigidity and ductility especially at the material of second cover layer 45, if utilize second cover layer 45 excessively to cover first cover layer, 44 integral body, then the distortion of the tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 will be limited, make the tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 to carry out thermal expansion at circumferencial direction, and produce superfluous stress, may destroy heat-transfer pipe 41.For example, the tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 cause tube body 42, first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45 to be separated from each other along the radial direction distortion.Relative with it, if only the part of first cover layer 44 is covered by second cover layer 45, then can have surplus ground and be out of shape, thereby can prevent that tube body 42, first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45 are separated from each other in the part that is not covered by second cover layer 45.If particularly do not form second cover layer 45 at groove shape part 46 places, then each straight sections 41a distinguishes independent deformation easily.Therefore, can prevent the damage of heat-transfer pipe 41 effectively.And the area that is covered by second cover layer 45 is few more, can improve the heat conductivity of heat-transfer pipe 41 more, has the advantage that can effectively regulate the temperature of fluidized bed 10.
As mentioned above, second cover layer 45 forms by the outer surface of first cover layer 44 is implemented built-up welding.Built-up welding can be by for example having adopted automatic soldering device arc welding etc. carry out automatically.Weld seam is for example along the length direction of tube body 42 and extend.Like this, when forming second cover layer 45 by hardening built-up welding, outer surface and the interface branch between second cover layer 45 at first cover layer 44 produce fusing, second cover layer 45 is engaged with first cover layer 44, with for example second cover layer 45 is compared with the situation that first cover layer 44 engages by spraying plating or pressure welding, can make the two joint securely.Therefore, can prevent that second cover layer 45 from peeling off from first cover layer 44, thereby can protect first cover layer 44 reliably.And, even, also be difficult to peel off from first cover layer 44 owing to be subjected to for a long time friction or impact, so, life-span of heat-transfer pipe 41 can be prolonged.
At the radial direction of heat-transfer pipe 41, the thickness of second cover layer 45 forms than the thin thickness of tube body 42.And the thickness of second cover layer 45 can be thicker than the thickness of first cover layer 44, for example can be about about 3mm～6mm.In addition, the thickness of second cover layer 45 also can be as thin as below the 3mm, but exist following unfavorable condition under this situation, promptly, the composition of first cover layer 44 may excess molten among second cover layer 45, can't obtain enough performances, and can in the thickness of second cover layer 45, produce unequal.For fear of above-mentioned unfavorable condition, need make the processing conditions optimization, cause processing to become difficult thus.On the other hand, if thicken second cover layer 45, though the advantage of the intensity that improves second cover layer 45 is then arranged,, as previously mentioned, when for example adopting chromium alloy etc. as second cover layer 45, because the material of its thermal conductivity ratio tube body 42 is little, so, if excessively increase the thickness of second cover layer 45, then the heat conductivity of second cover layer 45 can variation, exists the possibility that the temp regulating function of heat-transfer pipe 41 will descend.And the thickness of second cover layer 45 is thick more, and processing cost is also high more.Therefore, from considerations such as the application property of the function of second cover layer 45, built-up welding, economy, the thickness of preferred second cover layer 45 is about 3mm～6mm.In addition, in the present embodiment, second cover layer 45 has the pyroconductivity with first cover layer, 44 same degree, perhaps greater than the pyroconductivity of first cover layer 44.
In addition, when making heat-transfer pipe 41, at first adopt automatic soldering device, the whole outer surface of tube body 42 is implemented built-up welding, form first cover layer 44 thus based on arc welding or gas welding etc.Then,, adopt automatic soldering device, set part is implemented built-up welding, form second cover layer 45 thus based on arc welding or gas welding etc. at the outer surface of first cover layer 44.
In heat-transfer pipe 41 with above structure, be fed into the cold-producing medium in the stream 43 in the heat-transfer pipe 41, with the atmosphere of heat-transfer pipe 41 outsides or mobile sand and the incinerated matter that contacts with the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 41, carry out heat exchange via the surfaces externally and internally of heat-transfer pipe 41.Promptly, be fed into the cold-producing medium in the stream 43 in the heat-transfer pipe 41, with the atmosphere of heat-transfer pipe 41 outsides or mobile sand and the incinerated matter that contacts with the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 41, carry out heat exchange via tube body 42 and first cover layer 44 or via tube body 42, first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45.Thus, outside atmosphere, flow sand, incinerated matter etc. are cooled, and make temperature be conditioned.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, cold-producing medium is supplied to respectively in the heat-transfer pipe 41 from the end of the straight sections 41a of the lower side that is arranged at heat-transfer pipe 41, in straight sections 41a and in the bend 41b, alternately flow, reverse flow alternately in each straight sections 41a on one side, on one side from the below towards the top, be discharged from by the end of the straight sections 41a that is arranged at the top side.
As shown in Figure 1, be provided with jet 49 at the side wall portion 6 of body of heater 2 to the burner of secondary combustion chamber S2 jet flames.By from these jet 49 jet flames, can promote from the burning of the exhaust of the S1 of primary zone rising.
Upper end at back medial surface 6b is provided with the exhaust outlet 50 that the atmosphere in the secondary combustion chamber S2 is carried out exhaust.Exhaust outlet 50 is connected with exhaust channel 51.This exhaust channel 51 is connected with sack cleaner 52.Atmosphere in the S1 of primary zone, the secondary combustion chamber S2 rises in secondary combustion chamber S2, is discharged from from exhaust outlet 50.And, after having been caught dust, carry out exhaust to the outside by pocket type deduster 52.
Below, the burning disposal of the incinerated matter of the fluidized-bed furnace 1 of formation describes for having utilized as above.At first, the incinerated matter and the mobile sand that utilize 14 pairs in blender to put into hopper 13 mix, and based on the running to dirt device 15,, supply with continuously in the S1 of primary zone via path 12 and input port 11 with set supply flow rate.
So being supplied to the incinerated matter in the S1 of primary zone, for example is the pulverizing residue (ASR) after the nubbin that has taken off recycle unit from abandoned car is pulverized.ASR for example produces by pulverizing in abandoned car treatment plant etc.Incinerated matter as ASR contains metals such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, glass etc. as inorganic matter, and contains rigid plastics of soft resins such as rubber, fiber fragment or urethanes, vinyl chloride etc. etc. as organic compound.
In the S1 of primary zone, supply with flow sand and incinerated matter continuously, on the other hand, with air with from the mist of the exhaust of secondary combustion chamber S2 as liquidation gas, be blown into portion 21 from each gas and be blown in the S1 of primary zone towards the top, blow afloat the sand that flows and make its liquidation.Thus, on one side by liquidation mobile sand stir the incinerated matter that drops into mobile sand, Yi Bian heat, burn.So the combustible of the resin in the incinerated matter, fiber fragment etc. is thermal decomposited or burns, produce the exhaust (primary combustion gas) of the gas componant that comprises thermal decomposition gas, oxidizing gas etc.Exhaust is risen from fluidized bed 10, flows to the secondary combustion chamber S2 that is arranged on fluidized bed 10 tops.
In addition, fluidized bed 10 contacts with each heat-transfer pipe 41 of heat transfer tube group 40, is cooled by the cold-producing medium at internal circulation, thereby adjusts temperature.Thus, even under the high situation of the calorie of incinerated matter, can prevent that also the temperature of fluidized bed 10 is too high, can realize stable burning processing.For for the incinerated matter the ASR, also can realize stable burning processing, thereby can reduce the generation of combustion slag.The temperature of fluidized bed 10 is maintained at about 500 ℃～about about 1100 ℃ (for example being about 600 ℃～about about 800 ℃).
During making that fluidized bed 10 flows, what flow sand and incinerated matter is flowing in carrying out actively of heat-transfer pipe 41 on every side, the material of sheet metal and sand etc., pointed hard can impact the surface of heat-transfer pipe 41 continually, and the liquidation that is blown into fluidized bed 10 can be pressurizeed from the outside with gas.In addition, be in the condition of high temperature in the body of heater 2 in the primary combustion, the chemical reaction by incinerated matter can produce HCl, Cl in body of heater 2
2Contour corrosive gas.Even under such state, because the tube body 42 of heat-transfer pipe 41 is by first cover layer, 44 covering protections, so the sand that also can not cause flowing contacts with tube body 42 with the composition of direct impact tube main body 42 of incinerated matter or corrosive gas.Therefore, can prevent the abrasion, breakage, corrosion etc. of tube body 42 effectively.And, because first cover layer 44 has outstanding corrosion resistance, so, can not be corroded even be exposed to for a long time in the highly corrosive gas that is produced in the body of heater 2 yet, can continue protection tube main body 42.And, because first cover layer 44 engages with tube body 42 very securely by built-up welding, so impact can not come off from tube body 42 yet even be subjected to for a long time, thus the protection that can continue tube body 42 reliably.
Though be positioned at the straight sections 41a of subordinate's side and bend 41b etc.; can be subjected to the mobile sand that fiercely blows afloat from the below and the impact of incinerated matter especially; but owing to can be provided with second cover layer 45 by the special position of impacting with pressure that be applied strong like this with high rigidity; so, can firmly protect first cover layer 44.Because second cover layer 45 has outstanding corrosion resistance, so, can not be corroded even be exposed to for a long time in the highly corrosive gas that is produced in the body of heater 2 yet, thus sustainable protection first cover layer 44.And,,, can continue to protect first cover layer 44 thus reliably so impact can not come off from first cover layer 44 yet even be subjected to for a long time because second cover layer 45 very firmly engages with first cover layer 44 by built-up welding.
Burning back residual incinerated matter combustion slag and mobile sand is discharged from from conveying end 30.Then, after the combustion slag has been removed in differentiations such as utilizing sieve, make the sand that flows turn back to hopper 13.
On the other hand, the exhaust from the S1 of primary zone rises to secondary combustion chamber S2 is heated by mixing with the flame of supplying with from jet 49 in the bottom of secondary combustion chamber S2.Exhaust is risen in secondary combustion chamber S2 while carrying out second-time burning, after the burning of having carried out unburned gas and fine incinerated matter, is discharged from from exhaust outlet 50.And the flying dust in utilizing 52 pairs of exhausts of sack cleaner etc. is discharged to the outside after carrying out dust suction.
According to the heat-transfer pipe 41 of this fluidized-bed furnace 1, can pass through first cover layer 44 protection tube main body 42 reliably, and can strengthen first cover layer 44 by second cover layer 45.By utilizing built-up welding to form first cover layer 44, it can be engaged with tube body 42 securely.By utilizing built-up welding to form second cover layer 45, it can be engaged with first cover layer 44 securely.By between the tube body 42 and second cover layer 45, being provided with first cover layer 44,, can prevent that also the crack from developing into tube body 42 even cracks take place second cover layer 45.Therefore, can make heat-transfer pipe 41 have enough durability, and can improve its hear resistance, abrasion performance, corrosion resistance, heat conductivity etc.Even heat-transfer pipe 41 is exposed in the environment of high temperature in the body of heater 2, highly corrosive, also can prevents the deteriorations such as abrasion, damage, burn into crack of heat-transfer pipe 41, thereby prolong the life-span of heat-transfer pipe 41.Therefore, can reduce the frequency of the inspection, repairing, replacing etc. of heat-transfer pipe 41.And, can cut down costs such as the needed labour cost such as inspection, repairing, replacing of heat-transfer pipe 41 and cost of equipment.
More than preferred implementation of the present invention is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this example.If those skilled in the art then in the technological thought category that the scope of patent application is put down in writing, can expect various modifications or correction example, also belong within the technical scope of the present invention certainly for these contents.
For example, the radical of the straight sections 41a in the heat-transfer pipe 41 etc. is not limited to the radical shown in the above embodiment.In addition, heat-transfer pipe 41 is the approximate circle tubulose, constitute by straight sections 41a and bend 41b, but the shape of heat-transfer pipe 41 is not limited to this, and for example also can be the cornue shape.The part that first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45 are set also is not limited to the position shown in the above embodiment.
In the above embodiment, the thickness of second cover layer 45 is made as necessarily, but also can form local thick or local thin.For example also can be as shown in Figure 4, at the lower surface of the straight sections 41a that is positioned at subordinate of heat-transfer pipe 41, form the thickness of second cover layer 45 thicker than other parts.Under this situation, can be well the sand that flows be strengthened with the lower surface that incinerated matter is easy to the straight sections 41a of fierce impact.And though illustrate, at the leading section of heat-transfer pipe 41, i.e. the front surface of bend 41b (curved surface of anteromedial surface 6a side) can be so that the thickness of second cover layer 45 be thicker than other parts.Also can be well under this situation the sand that flows be strengthened with the front surface that incinerated matter is easy to the bend 41b of fierce impact.In addition, under the thickness of second cover layer 45 of other parts for example is situation about 3mm, be positioned at subordinate straight sections 41a lower surface second cover layer 45 thickness, with the thickness of second cover layer 45 of the front surface of bend 41b for example can be for about 6mm.And, for example by the built-up welding of second cover layer 45 being made as one deck,, the built-up welding of second cover layer 45 is made as two-layer at the lower surface of the straight sections 41a that is positioned at subordinate and the front surface of bend 41b in other parts, can give variation to thickness.
In the above embodiment, the straight sections 41a that is positioned at the following number third level～higher level is not provided with second cover layer 45, but can to being positioned at several first order and partial straight sections 41a second cover layer 45 be set respectively also as shown in Figure 5 yet.And, though illustrate, also can on the bend 41b of the higher level in the bend 41b in the place ahead, form second cover layer 45.And, also heat-transfer pipe 41 can be formed laterally zygomorphic structure.Promptly, also can in Fig. 5, be positioned on higher level's the straight sections 41a, second cover layer 45 of the approximate C word shape in cross section that constitutes with the straight sections 41a symmetry that is positioned at subordinate is set, on being positioned on the partial straight sections 41a of number be positioned at that down the partial straight sections 41a of number are same, second cover layer 45 is set in both sides, though not shown, form second cover layer 45 that the bend 41b symmetry with subordinate constitutes at higher level's bend 41b.Thus,, also can similarly use even spin upside down heat-transfer pipe 41, very convenient.After for example during having used necessarily heat-transfer pipe 41 is spun upside down, with be disposed at before the top straight sections 41a be placed into the below and bury in fluidized bed 10, the straight sections 41a that before is disposed at the below is placed into the top, and is disposed at the top of fluidized bed 10, reuses under this state.Like this, even second cover layer, 45 deteriorations of below, second cover layer 45 by the top of applying in a flexible way also can use heat-transfer pipe 41 for a long time.And, compare with the situation of the heat-transfer pipe 41 of it being replaced by coming of new, can effectively utilize heat-transfer pipe 41, can cut down heat-transfer pipe 41 needed costs.
In addition, the part that second cover layer 45 the is set part that also can contact with fluidized bed 10 according to heat-transfer pipe 41 and suitably change.For example, under heat-transfer pipe 41 integral body bury situation in fluidized bed 10, can be on the surface of heat-transfer pipe 41 whole second cover layer 45 that forms.For example shown in Figure 6, can second cover layer 45 be set respectively in the both sides of the straight sections 41a of all grades.And, though not shown, also can on all grades bend 41b in the place ahead, form second cover layer 45 respectively.
Also can along tube body 42 groove shape part 46 places each other, be provided for preventing the reinforcement 70 of straight sections 41a distortion as shown in Figure 7.In the illustrated example,, be separately installed with the straight bar-shaped reinforcement 70 of a sub-circular at groove shape part 46 places that are positioned at each straight sections 41a both sides each other.This reinforcement 70 extends along each groove shape part 46, and for two upper lateral parts and two side lower parts of the outer peripheral face of the tube body 42 of each straight sections 41a, devices spaced apart is welded on a plurality of positions intermittently.This reinforcement 70 engaged with tube body 42 before the built-up welding of carrying out first cover layer 44.Thus, when the built-up welding of carrying out first cover layer 44 and second cover layer 45, can prevent effectively that tube body 42 is out of shape because of heat, improve the operation of built-up welding, improve the state after finishing.
The material of tube body 42, first cover layer 44, second cover layer 45 etc. is not limited to the material shown in the above embodiment.For example, as second cover layer 45, alternative chromium alloy and use cobalt alloy (for example, Si Telaite's (registration mark) is main component with Co (cobalt), the Co-Cr-W alloy that is made of Cr (chromium), W (tungsten) etc.) etc.Under the situation of using this cobalt alloy, also can make second cover layer 45 have enough hear resistances, corrosion resistance, abrasion performance, make it have the corrosion resistance outstanding than tube body 42, and, it is had than tube body 42 and the high hardness of first cover layer 44.
In the above embodiment, for example understand the heat-transfer pipe 41 that fluidized-bed furnace 1 is possessed, but heat-transfer pipe involved in the present invention is not limited to the heat-transfer pipe that this fluidized-bed furnace 1 is possessed, applicable to the applied heat-transfer pipe of various devices.For example, also can be the heat-transfer pipe that boiler etc. is possessed.
Heat-transfer pipe 81 shown in Figure 8 for example is to be used for heat extraction that the incinerator to the burning disposal discarded object produces to reclaim and be arranged at equipment in the boiler, makes cold-producing medium circulations such as water in inside.This heat-transfer pipe 81 separates in boiler that set interval is approximate mutually to be provided with many abreast, constitutes heat transfer tube group thus.In addition, in order to remove the ash that is attached to heat-transfer pipe 81 and slag (clinker) and be provided with sootblower arrangement 82, it is used for high pressure heat-transfer pipe 81 being sprayed for example cleaning fluid such as steam.
As shown in Figure 9, heat-transfer pipe 81 possesses the tube body 92 of approximate circle tubulose, this tube body 92 has roughly certain external diameter and internal diameter, and the inner space of tube body 92 becomes for example water cold-producing medium streams 93 that pass through, that have the sub-circular cross sectional shape such as (steam).And, possess in the outside of tube body 92: first cover layer 94 of the part of covering tube body 92 and second cover layer 95 that covers the whole outside of first cover layer 94.First cover layer 94 is at the length direction (short transverse) of the tube body 92 of straight tube-like, the part be arranged on the scope (with reference to Fig. 8) that can be blown to fluid by cleaning from sootblower arrangement 82 and, build up the whole outer peripheral face that covers tube body 92 at the circumferencial direction tegillum of tube body 92.Second cover layer 95 forms the whole outer peripheral face that covers first cover layer 94.And first cover layer 94 forms by the outer peripheral face of tube body 92 is implemented built-up welding.Second cover layer 95 forms by the outer peripheral face of first cover layer 94 is implemented built-up welding.At the radial direction of heat-transfer pipe 81, first cover layer 94 and second cover layer 95 form than the thin thickness of tube body 92 respectively.
As tube body 92, for example can use boiler hot interchanger carbon steel steel pipe (low-carbon steel) or boiler hot interchanger steel alloy steel pipe (low-alloy steel) etc.As the material of first cover layer 94 can use have enough hear resistances, corrosion resistance and the material that has same degree ductility with the material of tube body 92, for example austenite stainless steel etc.Material as second cover layer 95 can use the high material of hardness, for example chromium alloy etc.
As shown in figure 10, sootblower arrangement 82 possesses: the drive division 102 that can advance and retreat and move to the gun barrel (lance tube) 101 in the boiler and drive gun barrel 101.Gun barrel 101 is configured to make length direction towards level of approximation, along level of approximation direction straight ahead.And gun barrel 101 can be that pivot is rotated with the central shaft of its length direction.Front end at gun barrel 101 is provided with nozzle 103.Cleaning is fed in the gun barrel 101 with fluid, sprays towards the outside of nozzle 103 from the jet 103a that is formed at nozzle 103.And nozzle 103 can be advanced and retreat in heat-transfer pipe 81 gap each other and move along with the advance and retreat of gun barrel 101 are moved.And, by rotation, making jet 103a rotation along with gun barrel 101, cleaning can be scattered to the outside of nozzle 103 with fluid.
In this constituted, the exhaust that is produced by the burning of discarded object at this moment, was carried out heat exchange by utilizing between the cold-producing medium of each heat-transfer pipe 81 in exhaust and each heat-transfer pipe 81 by being discharged between the heat-transfer pipe shown in Figure 8 81, reclaims the heat extraction of exhaust.Carry out heat exchange if so and make the temperature of exhaust produce reduction, then the one-tenth branch in the exhaust condenses in the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 81, therefore is attached with ash and slag etc., causes the efficient of heat exchange to reduce.In order to remove ash and the slag that is attached to this heat-transfer pipe 81, utilize sootblower arrangement 82 regularly to blow ash.That is, nozzle 103 is entered between the heat-transfer pipe 81, Yi Bian by making nozzle 103 rotation,, the attachment on heat-transfer pipe 81 surfaces is blown away Yi Bian heat-transfer pipe 81 is blown out the cleaning fluid of high pressure.Cleaning is blown to the outer surface of second cover layer 95 that is formed at heat-transfer pipe 81 with fluid.
Because 95 pairs of cleanings of second cover layer have enough corrosion resistances with fluid, and are formed by the high material of hardness, so, even blow ash, also be difficult to be corroded or be worn away.Therefore, can prevent that heat-transfer pipe 81 from exhaust corrosion (drain attack) taking place.That is, can pass through first cover layer 94 and second cover layer, 95 protection tube main bodys 92.And first cover layer 94 is engaged in tube body 92, the second cover layers 95 securely by built-up welding and is engaged in first cover layer 94 securely by built-up welding.And,,, can prevent that also the crack from developing into tube body 92 even in second cover layer 95 crack takes place by between the tube body 92 and second cover layer 95, first cover layer 94 being set.Therefore, can make heat-transfer pipe 81 have enough durability, and can improve hear resistance, abrasion performance, corrosion resistance, heat conductivity etc.
The present invention can be applicable to for example to be used for carrying out the heat-transfer pipe of temperature adjustment, is used to reclaim heat-transfer pipe, fluidized-bed furnace of heat extraction etc. at boiler in fluidized-bed furnace.
Claims (13)
1. a heat-transfer pipe carries out heat exchange between the outside of stream that is arranged at tube body inside and tube body, it is characterized in that,
Be provided with part or all first cover layer that covers the aforementioned tubes main body in the aforementioned tubes external side of main body, have in the aforementioned first tectal arranged outside to cover aforementioned first tectal part or all second cover layer,
Aforementioned first cover layer is formed greater than the aforementioned second tectal material by ductility,
Aforementioned second cover layer is higher than the aforementioned first tectal material by hardness and forms.
2. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned first cover layer forms by the aforementioned tubes main body is implemented built-up welding,
Aforementioned second cover layer forms by aforementioned first cover layer is implemented built-up welding.
3. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned first cover layer and aforementioned second cover layer are made of the material that the corrosion resistance to outside atmosphere is higher than the aforementioned tubes main body.
4. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The aforementioned tubes main body is higher than aforementioned first cover layer by pyroconductivity and the aforementioned second tectal material constitutes,
The aforementioned first tectal thickness and the aforementioned second tectal thickness are than the thin thickness of aforementioned tubes main body.
5. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The material of aforementioned tubes main body is carbon steel or low-alloy steel.
6. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The aforementioned first tectal material is an austenite stainless steel.
7. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The aforementioned second tectal material is a chromium alloy.
8. the manufacture method of a heat-transfer pipe is the manufacture method of any described heat-transfer pipe in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
By being implemented built-up welding, the aforementioned tubes main body forms aforementioned first cover layer,
By being implemented built-up welding, aforementioned first cover layer forms aforementioned second cover layer.
9. a fluidized-bed furnace is the fluidized-bed furnace that makes flow media flow, make incinerated matter to burn in body of heater, it is characterized in that,
In aforementioned body of heater, has any described heat-transfer pipe in the claim 1～7.
10. fluidized-bed furnace according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned second cover layer is arranged on the part that aforementioned heat-transfer pipe contacts with aforementioned flow media.
11. fluidized-bed furnace according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned heat-transfer pipe possesses a plurality of straight sections of mutually approximate configured in parallel.
12. fluidized-bed furnace according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned a plurality of straight sections is configured at mutual different height place, makes length direction towards laterally respectively,
Aforementioned second cover layer is set at the bottom of the straight sections that is positioned at subordinate in aforementioned a plurality of straight sections at least.
13. fluidized-bed furnace according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
The tube body of adjacent straight sections contacts each other,
Aforementioned second cover layer is arranged on the part that the part that contacts with each other from the tube body of aforementioned straight sections is separated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005379720 | 2005-12-28 | ||
| JP2005-379720 | 2005-12-28 | ||
| JP2005379720A JP4807076B2 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Heat transfer tube, heat transfer tube manufacturing method, and fluidized bed furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1991291A true CN1991291A (en) | 2007-07-04 |
| CN1991291B CN1991291B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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| CN2006101562711A Expired - Fee Related CN1991291B (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Fluidized-bed furnace |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7895957B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1804016A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4807076B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1991291B (en) |
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-
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- 2006-12-27 EP EP06026958A patent/EP1804016A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-27 US US11/645,584 patent/US7895957B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-28 CN CN2006101562711A patent/CN1991291B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103459076A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2013-12-18 | 福斯特惠勒北美有限公司 | Weld overlay structure and a method of providing a weld overlay structure |
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| CN110017472A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-16 | 江苏能建机电实业集团有限公司 | Boiler antiwear device |
| RU2730543C1 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-08-24 | Борис Петрович Толкачев | Device for protection of heat exchangers against abrasive ash wear |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1991291B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| EP1804016A1 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
| US7895957B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 |
| JP4807076B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
| US20070157859A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
| JP2007178104A (en) | 2007-07-12 |
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