CN1909938A - 自动空气去除*** - Google Patents
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Abstract
根据本发明,一种用于在心肺旁路手术期间病人血液体外氧合的设备包括一气泡传感器101,所述气泡传感器101设置在静脉管路100中或连接于静脉管路100,以用于检测从病人接收的静脉血中的气泡。当检测到气泡时,致动第二泵109,以便从设置于一空气过滤器102中的空气室103抽取空气,所述空气过滤器102连接于静脉管路100并布置在所述气泡传感器101的下游。第一泵105从空气过滤器102抽取血液,并且将血液供给到氧合器106,并经由动脉管路107供给给病人。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在心肺旁路手术期间病人血液体外氧合的方法和设备,更具体地涉及一种自动空气去除***。
背景技术
在心肺旁路手术期间,病人血液被抽入常规地包括静脉引流管路、静脉储血器、血泵、氧合器以及动脉过滤器的体外血液回路。血液通过静脉引流管路从病人体内流入静脉储血器。血泵从储血器抽取血液并经由氧合器和动脉过滤器将血液供给给病人。静脉储血器和动脉过滤器从血液中去除气泡,否则,如果所述气泡返回到病人的动脉血液流动中则会对病人的生命构成很大的威胁。
为了避免使用静脉储血器,体外血液回路可如US 6524267中所述包括一动脉过滤器,该动脉过滤器尤其适于包括:空气室;排气口,该排气口具有加大的尺寸以用于允许真空装置从空气室有效地排出空气;止回阀,该止回阀安装在排气口内,以便在排气真空装置不工作时防止来自心内血储血器的空气或血液由于动脉过滤器内的负压而被抽入动脉过滤器内;以及空气传感器,该空气传感器被连接用于在——并且只有在——动脉过滤器的空气室内存在空气时致动排气真空装置。
在本领域中,例如从US5632894,US4676771,US4572724以及US4411783中已知动脉过滤器。然而,尽管如果能够使用常规部件来建立体外血液回路的话可以节约成本,但是,常规的空气过滤器不能用于上述第二种体外血液回路。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于在例如心肺旁路手术期间在不需要配备静脉储血器的情况下病人血液体外氧合的方法和设备,其改进在于,可使用常规的动脉过滤器,由此避免了设置改装部件的需要。
附图说明
图1是用于病人血液体外氧合的第一种常规设备的示意图;
图2是用于病人血液体外氧合的第二种常规设备的示意图;
图3是用于病人血液体外氧合的第三种常规设备的示意图;
图4是根据本发明的用于病人血液体外氧合的第一种设备的示意图;
图5是根据本发明的用于病人血液体外氧合的第二种设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示意性地示出的,常规的心肺设备包括用于在心血管手术期间通过静脉管路2抽取病人血液并将该血液供给到氧合器3的泵装置1。氧合血液通过动脉管路4返回到病人体内。抽吸装置5收集心内血,并通过连接于抽吸装置5的抽吸泵7将其输送到一心内血储血器6。
在上述常规的体外血液回路中,来自静脉管路2的静脉血以及来自心内血储血器6的经消泡和过滤的心内血被供给到一静脉储血器8,在该静脉储血器8中,通过允许血液中的空气上升到储血器8中的血液表面而使所述空气分离。分离后的空气通过排气管路9排放到大气。
由泵装置1供给到氧合器3的血液从氧合器3被供给到一动脉过滤器10,并进而被供给到动脉管路4。动脉过滤器10基本上是一除泡器,该除泡器用于从血液中分离出气泡并通过排气管路11将气泡内的空气排放到大气。
为了避免使用静脉储血器8以便减少体外血液回路的预充液(primingvolume),已经提出如图2所示在静脉管路2中泵装置1的上游设置一除泡过滤器10。静脉血和来自抽吸装置5的血液供给到除泡过滤器10。从供给到除泡过滤器10的血液中分离的空气经由排气管路11排放到大气。将血液从除泡过滤器10泵送到氧合器3,并进而经由动脉管路4输送到病人体内。通过泵装置1所产生的负压有助于将血液从病人体内抽取到除泡过滤器10内。
可选地,如图3所示,已经提出将除泡过滤器10的血液以及心内血储血器6的血液供给到泵装置1,以便泵送到氧合器3并经由动脉管路4输送到病人体内。此外,还提出一种常规除泡过滤器的改进,将另一个泵装置12连接到除泡过滤器10以便经由改装的排气管路11从除泡过滤器10抽取空气。同样的另一个泵装置12还用于从心内血储血器6抽取空气。为了防止空气或血液从心内血储血器6被抽入除泡过滤器10,在将要布置于排气管路11中另一个泵装置12的上游的改进的除泡过滤器10中设置一止回阀13。此外,在该改进的除泡过滤器10中设有一空气传感器14,该空气传感器14被连接用于在——并且只有在——除泡过滤器10内存在空气时致动所述另一个泵装置12。
根据本文所述的发明,如图4所示,用于在心肺旁路手术期间病人血液体外氧合的改进设备包括用于从病人体内接收静脉血的静脉管路100以及用于检测静脉管路100中的静脉血内的气泡的气泡传感器101。一空气过滤器或除泡过滤器102连接于静脉管路100中气泡传感器101的下游,并包括一用于接收空气的空气室103和一转向装置104,该转向装置用于使进入过滤器102的空气转向进入空气室103。限定第一真空的第一泵105通过静脉管路100从空气过滤器102抽取血液,并且将该血液供给到氧合器106并经由动脉管路107供给给病人。
气泡传感器101被设置用于致动限定第二真空的第二泵108,以便经由排气管路109从空气过滤器102的空气室103抽取空气。当在静脉血中检测到气泡时,即当气泡传感器101产生指示静脉血中存在气泡的信号时,使第二泵108致动一预定时间段,例如5秒。由于所述第二泵,转向进入空气过滤器102的空气室的空气被从空气室103抽出,并优选供给到一心内血储血器110,该心内血储血器还通过抽吸泵112从抽吸装置111接收血液。
由于第一泵装置105所限定的第一真空,将来自心内血储血器110的经过滤和消泡的血液通过供给管路113供给到静脉管路100。
在根据本发明的上述设置中,可以使用常规部件来组装本文所述的用于病人血液体外氧合的改进设备。特别地,常规的空气过滤器或除泡过滤器可以和气泡传感器一起使用——所述气泡传感器用于控制泵的致动以便有效地从空气过滤器或除泡过滤器抽取空气——以便自动地去除空气。
图5中示意性地示出了根据本发明的设备的一个可选实施例,图5在很大程度上与图4相对应,因此,通过参照上文中有关图4的说明,可以省略相应方面的重复说明。图5中所示的设备还包括一限定第三真空的第三泵114,该第三泵设置在供给管路113中以便有效地从心内血储血器110抽取血液并将血液供给到静脉管路100。气泡传感器101适于当在静脉血中检测到气泡时——即当气泡传感器101产生指示静脉血中存在气泡的信号时——使第三泵114致动一预定时间段。由于第三真空(的存在),促进了到静脉管路100的血液供给,而不仅仅通过第一泵105所限定的第一真空引起(所述血液供给)。
在图4和图5的两个实施例中,优选地对心内血储血器110的排气管路115施加第四真空,以便从该储血器抽取空气。
可以理解,本文所描述的并且在附图的图4和图5中示出的示例性设备仅代表本发明的当前优选的实施例。在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以对该实施例进行各种修改和添加。其它修改和添加对本领域的技术人员而言是显而易见的,并且可以加以实施以使本发明适用于各种不同的应用领域。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于在心肺旁路手术期间病人血液体外氧合的方法,该方法包括:
-接收来自病人的静脉血,使之进入静脉管路装置;
-借助于由第一泵装置产生的第一真空将静脉血泵送通过连接于所述静脉管路装置的空气过滤器,所述空气过滤器包括一空气室;
-使进入所述空气过滤器的空气转向进入所述空气室;
-检测静脉血中的气泡;
-仅当在静脉血中检测到气泡时,才对所述空气室施加第二真空,以便从所述空气室抽取空气;
-通过第一泵装置抽吸血液使之离开空气过滤器,并通过血液氧合装置使血液氧合;以及
-使通过所述血液氧合装置氧合的血液返回到所述病人的动脉***。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:将从所述空气室抽取的空气输送到一心内血储血器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:对所述心内血储血器施加第三真空,以用于从所述心内血储血器抽取血液并且用于将血液供给到静脉管路装置。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:对所述心内血储血器施加第四真空,以用于从所述心内血储血器抽取空气。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:通过第二泵装置产生第二真空,并且仅当在静脉血中检测到气泡时才致动该第二泵装置。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,不将静脉血收集在静脉储血器内。
7.用于在心肺旁路手术期间病人血液体外氧合的设备,该设备包括:
-静脉管路装置,该静脉管路装置用于接收来自病人的静脉血;
-气泡检测装置,该气泡检测装置设置在所述静脉管路装置中或连接于所述静脉管路装置,以用于检测从所述病人接收的静脉血中的气泡;
-空气过滤器装置,该空气过滤器装置连接于所述静脉管路装置并设置在所述气泡检测装置的下游,以用于从血液中分离空气,所述空气过滤器装置包括用于接收空气的空气室,以及用于使进入所述空气过滤器装置的空气转向进入所述空气室的装置;
-血液氧合装置,该血液氧合装置用于在经过空气过滤器装置之后使血液氧合;
-动脉管路装置,该动脉管路装置用于在血液已通过血液氧合装置氧合之后使血液返回到所述病人的动脉***;
-第一泵装置,该第一泵装置限定第一真空,以用于通过所述静脉管路、所述空气过滤器装置、所述血液氧合装置以及所述动脉管路装置泵送血液;以及
-第二泵装置,该第二泵装置限定第二真空,以便仅在气泡检测装置在静脉血中检测到气泡时从所述空气过滤器装置的空气室抽取空气。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二泵装置的出口连接到一心内血储血器,所述心内血储血器连接于所述静脉管路装置中所述气泡检测装置的上游。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的设备,其特征在于,设置有第三泵装置以限定第三真空,所述第三真空施加于所述心内血储血器,以用于从所述心内血储血器抽取血液,并且用于将血液从心内血储血器供给到静脉管路装置。
10.根据权利要求7、8或9所述的设备,其特征在于,对所述心内血储血器施加第四真空,以用于从所述心内血储血器抽取空气。
11.根据权利要求7、8、9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述气泡检测装置连接于所述第二泵装置,以用于仅在静脉血中检测到气泡时致动所述第二泵装置。
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EP04001073A EP1557186B1 (en) | 2004-01-20 | 2004-01-20 | Automatic air removal system |
EP04001073.8 | 2004-01-20 |
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CN1909938A true CN1909938A (zh) | 2007-02-07 |
CN100566766C CN100566766C (zh) | 2009-12-09 |
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EP (2) | EP1557186B1 (zh) |
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- 2005-01-20 US US10/586,060 patent/US7762976B2/en active Active
- 2005-01-20 CN CNB2005800026871A patent/CN100566766C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-20 EP EP05701078.7A patent/EP1713527B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-20 WO PCT/EP2005/000536 patent/WO2005067998A1/en active Application Filing
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CN103619374A (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2014-03-05 | 措尔生命桥梁有限责任公司 | 使过滤器逐步注满的用于体外血液治疗的装置的填充和排气的方法及*** |
US9623169B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2017-04-18 | Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh | Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter |
CN103619374B (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2017-07-11 | 措尔生命桥梁有限责任公司 | 使过滤器逐步注满的用于体外血液治疗的装置的填充和排气的方法及*** |
US11040131B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2021-06-22 | Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh | Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter |
CN103648541A (zh) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-03-19 | N·布阿凯兹 | 用于气泡捕集器的改进的盖 |
CN103648541B (zh) * | 2011-03-31 | 2017-05-10 | N·布阿凯兹 | 用于气泡捕集器的改进的盖 |
CN107530481A (zh) * | 2015-04-22 | 2018-01-02 | 费森尤斯医疗护理德国有限责任公司 | 透析机和用于运行透析机的气动***的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1713527A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
US20070160495A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
JP4579929B2 (ja) | 2010-11-10 |
EP1557186A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
US7762976B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 |
WO2005067998A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
EP1713527B1 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
CN100566766C (zh) | 2009-12-09 |
EP1557186B1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
JP2007518503A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
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