CN1878949A - 用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器,特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器 - Google Patents

用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器,特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器 Download PDF

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CN1878949A
CN1878949A CNA2004800334007A CN200480033400A CN1878949A CN 1878949 A CN1878949 A CN 1878949A CN A2004800334007 A CNA2004800334007 A CN A2004800334007A CN 200480033400 A CN200480033400 A CN 200480033400A CN 1878949 A CN1878949 A CN 1878949A
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sparger
nozzle
valve plate
injector
valve
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弗里德里希·伯金
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/001—Control chambers formed by movable sleeves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器，特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器，具有安置在一个喷射器体(10)中的控制装置(17)，特别是一个压电执行元件(13)，这些控制装置通过至少一个变换器活塞(14)操作一个被容纳在一个阀板(18)中的控制阀(20)。还设置了：一个喷嘴体(31)，在该喷嘴体的燃烧室侧的(自由的)端部上构成一个喷嘴出口；一个喷嘴针(33)，该喷嘴针在轴向上可运动或可操作地安置在该喷嘴体(31)的一个纵向开口(32)中；一个封闭该纵向开口(32)的后面的(背离喷嘴出口的)端部的、安置在喷嘴体(31)与控制阀(20)之间的节流盘(25)，该节流盘构成用于该喷嘴针(33)的一个打开止挡，在此与该喷嘴针(33)的后面的(背离喷嘴出口的)端面协同作用并由此限定该喷嘴针(33)的打开行程的边界；和一个在该后面的喷嘴针端面与该节流盘(25)之间构成的控制室(45)，该控制室与一个用于燃料输入的压力接口(29)处于液压连接中。基本特点在于，在该喷射器体(10)中设置有一个圆筒状的保持体(24)，该保持体容纳所述变换器活塞(14)所述包含控制阀(20)的阀板(18)。

Description

用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器， 特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器
现有技术
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1前叙部分的喷射器。
通过DE 199 36 668 A1已经知道一种前述类型的共轨喷射器。DE也说明了一种类似喷射器。从DE 195 19 191 C2中知道一种共轨喷射器，其中，通过一个压电执行元件来操作变换器活塞。
这些喷射器总体都要求比较高的密封面结构费用，特别是在高压区域中。
本发明的任务是，降低密封面上的费用。
本发明优点
根据本发明，对于一种开头所述类型的喷射器，该任务通过权利要求1的特征部分特征来解决。
本发明基本思想的有利扩展可由从属权利要求2-10中得知。
通过本发明使得阀板集成到容纳变换器活塞的保持体中。这有利地意味着省去整套的密封平面。由此，整个***明显简化并且允许成本更低地制造喷射器。
附图说明
用一个实施例详细地说明本发明，该实施例在附图中示出并在下面具体说明。附图以垂直的纵剖面部分地表示出共轨喷射器的一个实施例。
实施例说明
10标记一个特别是被设置用在柴油发动机中的共轨喷射器的一个喷射器体。在该喷射器体10中安置了一个套筒状的变换器壳体11，它具有一个有台阶的中心轴向孔12，在该轴向孔中可轴向移动地容纳一个压电执行元件13和一个变换器活塞14。在压电执行元件13与变换器活塞14之间构成一个变换器室15。该压电执行元件13(它以通常的、因而未示出的方式连接在一个供电电源上)通过一个包围变换器壳体11、以管状弹簧构成的预压弹簧16被向箭头方向17、即逆着压电执行元件13的作用方向预压紧。
在变换器壳体11的轴向延长部分中构成一个总体用18标记的阀板，它在一个有台阶的轴向孔19中容纳一个控制阀20。
一个主要特点是，阀板18与变换器壳体11共同构成一个一体的构件，使得在一个用21标记的平面上省去了密封(相对于变换器壳体11)的必要性。变换器壳体11和阀板18被容纳在圆筒状的保持体24的一个贯通的、在22处有台阶的中心轴向孔23中。该圆筒状的保持体24又配合到喷射器体10中。
在保持体24和阀板18的下方并且与这些部件密封地连接地安置了一个盘状的终端件25，在下面称为“节流盘”。为了减小阀板18相对于邻接的节流盘25的密封面并由此相应降低所需的密封力，阀板18在其下侧面上具有一个释放部26。由此产生的减小的密封面直径用d标记。为了产生为使部件18和25彼此相对有效密封所需的压紧力，设置一个包围变换器壳体11的、构造成管状弹簧的预压元件27，该预压元件在28处对阀板18加载压力并且在后面支撑在保持体24的轴向孔23的台阶22上。
此外由附图中还获知，在保持体24中开设一个高压通道29，该高压通道通过一个(未示出的)高压接口与一个(也未示出的)燃料高压储存器(所谓的共轨)形成液压连接。高压通道29在保持体24的下端面上通出并且在那里与一个开设在节流盘25中的孔30液压连接。
在节流盘25上密封地连接着一个具有中心纵向开口32的喷嘴体31，该纵向开口在其(在附图中未示出的)下端部上朝向喷嘴出口收缩。
在纵向开口32中可轴向运动地安置一个总体用33标记的喷嘴针。喷嘴针33的逐渐收缩的下端部可构造成锥状的并且与纵向开口32的构成一个阀座的下端部协同作用(未示出)。
穿过孔30，处于高压下的燃料通过一个环形室34到达喷嘴体31的纵向开口32中并且由此去往所述喷嘴出口。
由附图中还获知，喷嘴针33在其上端部上被一个套筒件35在释放一个环形间隙36的情况下围绕，该套筒件以其刃状构造的上端部37支撑在节流盘25的下侧面上。一个***到喷嘴针33的环形槽38中的卡锁圈39支托一个保持垫圈40。在套筒件35与保持垫圈40之间配合着一个预压的螺旋压簧41，该螺旋压簧在喷嘴针33上向箭头方向42、也就是向喷嘴针33的关闭位置方向施加一个力。
附图还表明，处于高压下的燃料从环形室34一方面通过一个孔43到达控制阀20的阀室44中，另一方面通过环形间隙36到达一个控制室45中。该控制室45在喷嘴针33处于关闭位置时达到其最大容积，在此，该喷嘴针用其端部封闭喷嘴出口(未示出)。喷嘴针32一方面通过控制室45中具有的流体压力、另一方面通过压簧41被保持在该关闭位置中。
在节流盘25中开设了另一个孔46，该另一个孔一方面通过孔30和环形室34与高压通道29在液压上作用连接，另一方面通过一个节流孔47与控制阀20在液压上作用连接。该节流孔47起到输入节流和排出节流的作用。
在变换器活塞14与控制阀20之间构成一个室48。在这个区域中在变换器壳体11中开设一个横向孔49，该横向孔用于将泄漏物导回。

Claims (10)

1.用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器，特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器，它具有安置在一个喷射器体(10)中的控制装置(17)，特别是一个压电执行元件(13)，这些控制装置通过至少一个变换器活塞(14)操作一个被容纳在一个阀板(18)中的控制阀(20)；具有一个喷嘴体(31)，在该喷嘴体的燃烧室侧的(自由的)端部上构成一个喷嘴出口；具有一个喷嘴针(33)，该喷嘴针在轴向上可运动或可操作地安置在该喷嘴体(31)的一个纵向开口(32)中；具有一个封闭该纵向开口(32)的后面的(背离喷嘴出口的)端部的、安置在喷嘴体(31)与控制阀(20)之间的节流盘(25)，该节流盘构成用于该喷嘴针(33)的一个打开止挡，在此与该喷嘴针(33)的后面的(背离喷嘴出口的)端面协同作用并由此限定该喷嘴针(33)的打开行程的边界；并且具有一个在该后面的喷嘴针端面与该节流盘(25)之间构成的控制室(45)，该控制室与一个用于燃料输入的压力接口(29)处于液压连接中；其特征在于：在该喷射器体(10)中设置有一个圆筒状的保持体(24)，该保持体容纳所述变换器活塞(14)所述包含控制阀(20)的阀板(18)。
2.根据权利要求1的喷射器，其特征在于：该阀板(18)配合在该保持体(24)的一个中心轴向孔(23)中。
3.根据权利要求2的喷射器，其特征在于：在该保持体(24)的该轴向孔(23)中，在该阀板(18)上方设置有一个变换器壳体(11)，该变换器壳体在一个中心轴向孔(12)中容纳所述变换器活塞(14)和一个压电执行元件(13)。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3的喷射器，其特征在于：该保持体(24)以其喷嘴体侧的(下)端面平坦地且密封地靠置在该节流盘(25)的一个邻接的(上)端面上。
5.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的喷射器，其特征在于：该阀板(18)通过一个预压元件(27)被密封地压紧在该节流盘(25)的所述上端面上。
6.根据权利要求5的喷射器，其特征在于：所述使该阀板(18)压在该节流盘(25)上的预压元件(27)在后面支撑在该保持体(24)的所述轴向孔(23)的一个台阶(22)上，由此支撑在该保持体(24)上。
7.根据权利要求6或7的喷射器，其特征在于：该阀板(18)在它的节流盘侧的(下)端面上具有一个释放部(26)，该释放部用于减小该阀板(18)相对于该节流盘(25)的密封面。
8.根据权利要求5、6或7的喷射器，其特征在于：一个管状弹簧(27)用作预压元件，该管状弹簧安置在该保持体(24)的所述轴向孔(23)中，在此，该管状弹簧在该变换器壳体(11)的长度的一部分上围绕该变换器壳体。
9.根据权利要求5、6或7的喷射器，具有一个在该喷射器体(10)中被一个弹簧(16)预压的压电执行元件(13)，其特征在于：该压电执行元件(13)的预压弹簧(16)同时用作用于该阀板(18)的预压元件。
10.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的喷射器，其特征在于：该变换器壳体(11)与阀板(18)构成一个一体的部件。
CNA2004800334007A 2003-11-14 2004-09-09 用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的喷射器,特别是压电执行元件控制的共轨喷射器 Pending CN1878949A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10353169A DE10353169A1 (de) 2003-11-14 2003-11-14 Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in Brennräume von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere piezogesteuerter Common-Rail-Injektor
DE10353169.6 2003-11-14

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CN1878949A true CN1878949A (zh) 2006-12-13

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US (1) US20070170286A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1692393B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007510849A (zh)
KR (1) KR20060120105A (zh)
CN (1) CN1878949A (zh)
AT (1) ATE368177T1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0416579A (zh)
DE (2) DE10353169A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005050003A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103189635A (zh) * 2010-11-04 2013-07-03 罗伯特·博世有限公司 燃料喷射器

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DE102006053126A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung
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US20070170286A1 (en) 2007-07-26
ATE368177T1 (de) 2007-08-15
JP2007510849A (ja) 2007-04-26
WO2005050003A1 (de) 2005-06-02
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EP1692393B1 (de) 2007-07-25
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