CN1762197A - A kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson - Google Patents
A kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson Download PDFInfo
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- CN1762197A CN1762197A CN 200510061456 CN200510061456A CN1762197A CN 1762197 A CN1762197 A CN 1762197A CN 200510061456 CN200510061456 CN 200510061456 CN 200510061456 A CN200510061456 A CN 200510061456A CN 1762197 A CN1762197 A CN 1762197A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson, step is: adopt the head space dynamic adsorption method, causing harm from tea geometrid, isolation identification goes out more than ten kind of volatile matter tea shoot volatile and the camellia fragrance, through behavior determination and insect feeler electrophysiologic study, therefrom select the component that the tea geometrid braconid wasp is had strong attractive activity, active component is made into odor source respectively, combines inducing agent more in certain proportion; Adopt sub-district, tea place trapping experiment to select the color that the tea geometrid braconid wasp is had strong seduction, make colored sphere.On colored bulb, hang to inject the core that lures of inducing agent, be combined into trapper, put into the field and lure the collection tea geometrid braconid wasp parasitic tea geometrid larva that comes, thereby chemical pesticide is used in deduction and exemption.Advantage of the present invention: the braconid wasp around luring in the short time in the microhabitat, thus efficiently utilize parasitic wasp control tea geometrid, deduction and exemption chemical control; Pollution-free, help current high-efficient ecological tea industry production; Easy to use; Cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson.
Background technology
Since the seventies in 20th century, tea geometrid Ectropis oblique Prout in Zhejiang, Soviet Union, Anhui Cha Qu wildness cause harm, and progressively to other tea district expansion.It belongs to Insecta (Insecta) Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera) geometrid (Geometridae), took place in 1 year 6～7 generations in Zhejiang Province, in Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi took place for 5～6 generations in 1 year, chewed the tender tip of food tea tree with larva, also chew during serious the generation and eat into leaf and Lao Ye, gnaw bark even.According to investigations, more than 7～10 control of many state-run tea plantations and tea grower family tea plantation dispenser in 1 year tea geometrid.The excessive in decades chemical pesticide killed natural enemies in large quantities of using is cut down the tea place bio-diversity, residual once unhealthful the drinking and tea export of the tealeaves that causes farming; And, caused this insect to have stronger pesticide resistance.Present stage, China greatly developed nuisanceless tealeaves and organic tea, and China Ministry of Agriculture has stipulated that nuisanceless tealeaves is the permit standard in market, and the kind and the dosage of agricultural chemicals is used in restriction; Organic tea garden forbidding chemical pesticide.From now on, the consumption of chemical pesticide will reduce gradually in the tea place of China, must open up the new method of preventing and treating.
A kind of important parasitic wasp is arranged in the tea place---tea geometrid braconid wasp Apanteles sp., parasitic tea geometrid larva, in the habitat preferably in the tea place the highest parasitic rate can reach 66.52%
[1]But how the religion of lavishment agricultural chemicals has killed and wounded this honeybee.The density of this honeybee is not high under the nature situation, can not effectively control tea geometrid.If use the insect information substance in Sheng phase tea geometrid larva beginning, lure collection to come in a large number the braconid wasp in the surrounding environment, lay eggs in tea geometrid larva body, then can effectively control tea geometrid.
We find that under study for action the tea tree that tea geometrid is caused harm discharges volatile flavor attraction tea geometrid braconid wasp, finds that also the fragrance of camellia is lured the honeybee class.Does synomone in this two classes smell can be used for the tea place attract braconid wasp and controls tea geometrid? do not appear in the newspapers as yet.Also exploring in the world always and using this class material innoxious governance insect
[3,4], still, rarely seen successful illustration.
Insect generally all has phototaxis
[5], Wang Yong etc. (1991)
[6]Report khaki ticker tape has seduction to the tea geometrid larva.Xiao Sunv (1997)
[7]Reported that colored sticking paper has attracting action to tea lesser leafhopper Jacobiascaformosana Paoli and Aleurocanthus spiniferus Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance).Yet, do not see the report of luring natural enemy in the tea place with color as yet.
The present invention is according to classical " chromatogram " of the writing of the compiling publication committee (1957) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[8], accurately determine the color of colour table.First insect pheromone and color are combined effectively, lure collection tea geometrid braconid wasp.Plan with the deduction and exemption dispenser, promotes the production of high-efficient ecological tea industry during the phase, luring the collection braconid wasp to come to control tea geometrid in tea geometrid larva population beginning Sheng.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson, realize by following steps:
(1) configuration concentration is 10
-7G/ml～10
-1The odor source of g/ml selects for use odor source to be mixed with the braconid wasp inducing agent again, inducing agent is injected rubber tip make and lure core;
(2) adopt the color that the tea geometrid braconid wasp is had strong seduction, make colored bulb;
(3) core that lures that will be loaded with inducing agent is hung on the colored bulb, forms the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device;
(4) trapper is put into the tea place and lured the collection braconid wasp parasitic tea geometrid larva that comes.
The used odor source of step (1) is selected from suitable-blatter alcohol, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester, n-hexyl aldehyde, ocimene, linalool, linalool oxide, suitable-the 2-hexenoic aldehyde, 1-amylene-3-alcohol, 2-hexen-1-ol, geraniol, gaultherolin, butyric acid-3-hexene ester, 1-octanol, indoles and nerol.
The used braconid wasp inducing agent of step (1) select for use nerol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexyl aldehyde, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester and gaultherolin odor source, the ratio preparation in 1: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15.
The used rubber tip of step (1) is with organic solvent rinsing natural rubber, dries and make.
The used color of step (2) is selected from that bud is green, parrot is green, light green, jasmine is yellow, olive is yellowish green, calcedony is green, peacock green, bluish-green, blackish green, jasmine is yellow and snow-white.Preferably light green, bud is green, green 3 looks of parrot.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) lure in the short time come around braconid wasp in the microhabitat, thereby efficiently utilize parasitic wasp control tea geometrid, deduction and exemption chemical control; (2) pollution-free, help current high-efficient ecological tea industry production; (3) easy to use simple and direct; (4) cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) select for use nerol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexyl aldehyde, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester and gaultherolin are odor source, configuration concentration is 10
-7G/ml～10
-1G/ml is mixed with the braconid wasp inducing agent in 1: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15 ratio again, inducing agent is injected rubber tip make and lure core a, used rubber tip is with organic solvent rinsing natural rubber, can select the absolute ethyl alcohol rinsing for use, flush away impurity dries and makes;
(2) adopt the color that the tea geometrid braconid wasp is had strong seduction, make colored bulb b, used color is selected from that bud is green, parrot is green, light green, jasmine is yellow, olive is yellowish green, calcedony is green, peacock green, bluish-green, blackish green, jasmine is yellow and snow-white.Preferred peak green, bud green, parrot green, preferably light green, bud is green, green 3 looks of parrot are made;
(3) the core a that lures that will be loaded with inducing agent is hung on the colored bulb b, forms the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device;
(4) in Sheng phase tea geometrid larva population beginning, the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device is positioned in the tea place, the trapper lower limb is concordant with the tea tip, and the distance between the trapper is 3～15 meters, lures to collect the braconid wasp parasitic tea geometrid larva that comes.
The present invention adopts the absorption method isolation identification to go out cause harm chemical constituent in tea shoot volatile, the camellia fragrance of tea geometrid, determine used odor source be suitable-blatter alcohol, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester, n-hexyl aldehyde, ocimene, linalool, linalool oxide, suitable-the 2-hexenoic aldehyde, 1-amylene-3-alcohol, 2-hexen-1-ol, geraniol, gaultherolin, butyric acid-3-hexene ester, 1-octanol, indoles and nerol.Used absorption method is: makes two and has the glass column that bore is 6～10 millimeters openings, hollow, and 4.0～6.0 liters of volumes, import connects compressed air bottle, and outlet connects Tenax TA adsorption column, vavuum pump successively.Before the adsorbing volatilizing thing, at 270～280 ℃, logical nitrogen activates 4～8 hours with the TenaxTA post.Add 150～250 gram tea geometrids cause harm the tea tip or camellias in glass column, be blown into air, bleed behind adsorption column simultaneously, control flow with flowmeter before import, behind the Tenax TA post, the inlet, outlet flow all is 200-500ml/min.Take off adsorption column after 10～20 hours,, slowly purge with nitrogen again, draw 1 μ l and inject GC-MS detection, matching standard sample identification component to 15～30 microlitres with heavily steaming ether drip washing adsorption column.
Embodiment 2
Determine the odor source that attractive activity is strong with bioassay method
1. the behavior reaction that carries out of " Y " shape olfactometer
" Y " shape manages two arms and base portion length is 10cm, and two arm angles are 90 °, connect flavor source bottle (or control bottle), distilled water bottle, molecular sieve successively.Wiring solution-forming is as odor source respectively with 15 kinds of key components with atoleine, and concentration is 10
-7G/ml-10
-1G/ml is contrast again with the atoleine.The odor source of containing 1ml with the 2ml peace a word used in place name bottle of opening places the atoleine of flavor source bottle, Sheng 1ml to place control bottle, bleed with vavuum pump from Y pipe base portion, natural air through molecular sieve filtration, distilled water bottle humidification, flavor source bottle (or control bottle), is managed two arms at Y and is crossed successively, enters Y pipe base portion.Stop to bleed, introduce the tea geometrid braconid wasp by head respectively from Y pipe base portion opening.After the introducing, bleed, braconid wasp advances contrary wind again, manages two arm intersections at Y and stops slightly, selects an arm wherein to enter.
The honeybee number of odor source or contrast (atoleine) selected in record.Use x
2Method detects the difference between the honeybee number of selecting the flavor source and the honeybee number of the selecting contrast.Find braconid wasp trend towards significantly nerol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexyl aldehyde, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester and gaultherolin (P＜0.05).
2. feeler electrophysiologic response
For the examination volatile matter is cause harm 15 kinds of key components in tea shoot volatile and the camellia fragrance of tea geometrid.Concentration is 10
-7G/ml～10
-1G/ml, atoleine is a solvent, and is contrast with the atoleine.For the examination natural enemy insect is the tea geometrid braconid wasp that picks up from the tea place, carries out electrophysiologic response research with the tentaculum electric potential instrument.The result shows, and nerol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexyl aldehyde, acetate be suitable-and tentaculum electric potential response value that 3-hexene ester and gaultherolin cause is bigger, and the tentaculum electric potential response value that other component causes is slightly little, and the electrophysiologic response that atoleine causes is 0.
Embodiment 3
The tea place small plot experiment is determined the color that allure is strong
Make that bud is green, parrot is green, light green, jasmine is yellow, olive is yellowish green, calcedony is green, peacock green, bluish-green, blackish green, jasmine is yellow and snow-white 11 kinds of colored bulbs, sphere is smeared colorless and odorless insect glue equably, places that lure in the tea place, the sticking tea geometrid braconid wasp of catching.Test in mid-July, 2002 in tea place, fiber crops aunt camellia field, Anhui Province, this is heavier for examination tea place tea geometrid insect population over the years, after 48 hours, light green, bud is green, braconid wasp quantity 〉=8.0 (number of repetition is 20) of the green 3 kinds of colored bulbs trapping of parrot, braconid wasp quantity＜5.0 of other colour ball trapping.Illustrate light green, bud is green and the attractant effect of the green colored bulb of parrot is better.
Measure the parameter of 3 kinds of strong allure colors
The color colour difference meter (color difference meter) that uses Hong Kong Minolta company to produce, model C R-331C, the colour space is selected absolute measurement mode (L for use
*a
*b
*The aberration system).Record:
Light green L55～65 a-20～-30 b+30～+ 40
The green L70 of bud～80 a-20～-30 b+30～+ 40
The green L60 of parrot～75 a-30～-40 b+40～+ 50
Wherein, the 1st numerical value L represents brightness; The 2nd numerical value a is chromaticity coordinate, and "+" represents red composition, and "-" represents green composition; The 3rd numerical value b is chromaticity coordinate, "+" expression Huang Cheng part, and "-" represents blue composition.
Embodiment 4
With the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device that embodiment 1 provides, the nuisanceless tea place of selecting the tea geometrid in fiber crops aunt camellia field, Anhui Province often to send out, 50 mu of areas, checking in tea geometrid insect population radix is 18/1m tea clump.50 mu of tea places are divided into two, and half does not place trapper for contrast; Second half places trapper for luring Ji Qu, and density is about 5 * 8m, puts 200 altogether.Check in after 3 days lured on average each trapper the tea geometrid braconid wasp be 6.2 ± 1.2.
Embodiment 5
The attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device that provides with embodiment 1, Sino-Japan joint imperial tea village Tea Co., Ltd selects the serious organic tea garden that takes place of a tea geometrid in the Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province city, tea geometrid insect population radix is 25 a/1m tea clump, 50 mu of areas, selecting wherein 20 mu is contrast, does not put trapper, and 30 mu for luring Ji Qu, place 200 trappers, check in after 4 days lured on average each trapper the tea geometrid braconid wasp be 9.5 ± 1.8.
Embodiment 6
The attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device that provides with embodiment 1, at the normal organic tea garden of sending out of a tea geometrid on tea plantation, Mt. Jingting, Anhui Province, 32.5/1m of tea geometrid insect population radix average out to, 50 mu of tea clump areas, select wherein 10 mu to be contrast, do not put trapper, 40 mu for luring Ji Qu, luring Ji Qu to place 150 trappers.In late July, 2004 in this tea place, removes 150 trappers of late June placement, newly places 150 trappers again.In late August, 2004 in this tea place, removes 150 trappers that late July places, and newly places 150 trappers again, check in after 3 days lured on average each trapper the tea geometrid braconid wasp be 14.1 ± 2.1.After 10 days, luring 10 sample prescriptions of Ji Qu and check plot checkerboard type sampling respectively, every sample prescription is a 1m tea clump, and each sample prescription is divided into two, and firmly pats the cocoon of tea branch with braconid wasp on the tea clump that shakes.Checking in and luring 10 the average cocoon numbers of sample prescription in collection district is 9.5 ± 2.0, and the check plot average cocoon number of 10 sample prescriptions is 2.5 ± 0.3.Simultaneously, also check in, luring 10 the average tea geometrid larva of the sample prescription insect populations in collection district is 6.5 ± 1.1, and check plot average tea geometrid larva insect population is 18.2 ± 2.6.
Embodiment 7
With the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device that embodiment 1 provides, the nuisanceless tea place of tealeaves company of being bestowed by heaven in the Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province selects a tea geometrid often to send out the tea place, 50 mu of areas, and a choosing part wherein is contrast; All the other are trapping area, place 100 trappers.Check in after 3 days lured on average each trapper the tea geometrid braconid wasp be 11.2 ± 1.9.
Need not further to elaborate, believe and adopt the disclosed content in front, those skilled in the art can use the present invention to greatest extent.Therefore, the preferred specific embodiments of front is interpreted as only illustrating, but not limits the scope of the invention by any way.
Claims (6)
1. method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson is characterized in that realizing by following steps:
(1) configuration concentration is 10
-7G/ml～10
-1The odor source of g/ml selects for use odor source to be mixed with the braconid wasp inducing agent again, inducing agent is injected rubber tip make and lure core (a);
(2) adopt the color that the tea geometrid braconid wasp is had strong seduction, make colored bulb (b);
(3) core (a) that lures that will be loaded with inducing agent is hung on the colored bulb (b), forms the attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson device;
(4) trapper is put into the tea place and lured the collection braconid wasp parasitic tea geometrid larva that comes.
2. a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the odor source that step (1) is adopted is selected from suitable-blatter alcohol, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester, n-hexyl aldehyde, ocimene, linalool, linalool oxide, suitable-the 2-hexenoic aldehyde, 1-amylene-3-alcohol, 2-hexen-1-ol, geraniol, gaultherolin, butyric acid-3-hexene ester, 1-octanol, indoles and nerol.
3. a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the braconid wasp inducing agent select for use nerol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexyl aldehyde, acetate suitable-3-hexene ester and gaultherolin odor source, the ratio preparation in 1: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15: 0.1～15.
4. a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the used rubber tip of step (1) is with organic solvent rinsing natural rubber, makes through drying.
5. a kind of method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the used color of step (2) is selected from that bud is green, parrot is green, light green, jasmine is yellow, olive is yellowish green, calcedony is green, peacock green, bluish-green, blackish green, jasmine is yellow and snow-white.
6. a kind of according to claim 1 or 5 method for attracting Apanteles hyposidrae wilkinson is characterized in that: used color select for use light green, bud is green, green 3 looks of parrot.
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