CN1735509A - 隔声的热屏蔽板 - Google Patents
隔声的热屏蔽板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种隔声的热屏蔽板(3),尤其用于汽车,它具有一个铝制的基体(4)、一个吸声层(6)和一个铝制的热屏蔽层(7)。为了能够简单回收利用以及获得良好的热屏蔽效果和良好的吸声性能,建议,采用一个由铝织物构成的透气的席垫作为吸声层(6),所述铝织物多层叠置并且压制成透气的席垫。按本发明的热屏蔽板(3)因此是一个单材料产品。基体(4)优选由一个微孔的铝板制成,而热屏蔽层优选由一个铝箔制成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔声的热屏蔽板,尤其用于汽车,它包括一个铝制的基体、一个吸声层和一个铝制的热屏蔽层。
背景技术
这种热屏蔽板在各种实施方式中已知。例如它安装在汽车上,以便汽车车身避开由***和排气装置的其它部分发出的热辐射,同时有效地隔声。传统的热屏蔽板包括一个承载的铝板,一个由矿物纤维、例如玻璃纤维、矿石纤维或陶瓷纤维制成的内部的隔层和一个封闭的铝箔。由于隔层和基体层采用了不同的材料,所以传统热屏蔽板的纯种的回收利用相对昂贵。
在DE 43 29 411 C2中介绍了一种隔热和隔声的材料,为了容易回收利用,它构成为单材料产品并且可以作为热屏蔽板用在汽车上。这种材料由一些铝箔构成,各铝箔分别具有一个由平行的波峰和波谷构成的波浪形的轮廓,其中,在各波谷上分别折成楔形。各铝箔互不交叉地叠置并且仅在边缘侧借助于一个由加压点构成的结合缝连接。这种已知的材料虽然具有良好的热屏蔽效果,但是其空气噪声吸收性能不另人满意,因为这些铝箔不具有通透声波的孔。
由DE 91 07 484 U1已知一种用于屏蔽在汽车上的在底板总成对面的排气部分的热屏蔽板,它的正面通过一个铝制的基体板构成,该基体板在其背面带有一个吸声层。为了符合回收利用的目的能够纯种地回收整个热屏蔽板,以及为了尽管在制造过程中必须的变形从而达到良好的隔离效果却仍保持它原来的层厚,吸声层包括一个由一个规则的铝制的针织物构成的衬里和至少一个铝制的覆盖箔,所述衬里经过波浪形褶皱处理。这个热屏蔽板的吸声效果不另人满意。为了提高吸声效果在此建议,褶皱的衬里构成至少双层的,并且在两个铝制的针织物层之间放置一个铝箔作为分隔箔。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提出一种开头所述类型的吸声的热屏蔽板,它不仅具有良好的热屏蔽效果,还具有良好的吸声性能,而且可以简单回收利用。
这个目的按本发明通过具有权利要求1特征的热屏蔽板解决。本发明有利和优选的结构由从属权利要求得出。
按本发明的热屏蔽板主要包括一个铝制的基体、一个吸声层和一个铝制的热屏蔽层,其中,吸声层由多个压制成一个透气的席垫的铝织物层构成。
因为按本发明的热屏蔽板的所有元件均由铝制成,所以是一种可简单回收利用的单材料产品。由多层铝织物构成的席垫状的吸声层使热屏蔽板具有良好的吸声性能,特别是空气噪声吸收性能。压制的席垫相当于一个孔吸声器,进入的声波涌入席垫的狭窄的孔中并且使空气在这些孔中往复振荡,由于摩擦效应,声能转化成热能。铝制的热屏蔽层保证了很好的热屏蔽效果,然而打孔的铝制的基体和吸声层也有利于热屏蔽。热屏蔽层可以由一个铝板或优选由一个铝箔制成。
对于吸声层最好采用一个形式为单线圈针织物(Einfadenmaschenware)的铝织物,这种铝织物的线圈宽度及线圈结构可以相对简单地改变。通过改变线圈宽度和线圈结构可以改变吸声层的孔隙度和透气性,从而可以改变其吸声性能。在这种关系中已经证实有利的是,铝织物这样构成,使得在两个相邻的线圈纵行之间的平均距离大于或小于在一个线圈的两个圈边之间的平均距离。另一种有利的结构尤其在于,铝织物具有不同宽度的线圈纵行和/或不同宽度的线圈横列。
附图说明
以下借助于描述多个实施例的附图来进一步解释本发明。附图未按比例画出,其中:
图1在汽车的排气消音器和车身底板之间的热屏蔽板的剖面图;
图2本发明热屏蔽板的席垫状的吸声层的局部俯视图;
图3铝织物的一个单独层的局部示意图;
图4在汽车的排气消音器和车身底板之间的按第二实施例的热屏蔽板的剖面图;
图5在汽车的排气消音器和车身底板之间的按第三实施例的热屏蔽板的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1以示意图的形式示出了汽车的一个放热以及发声的排气消音器1。排气消音器1通过一个构成槽形或壳形的热屏蔽板3相对于汽车的底板2屏蔽,热屏蔽板同时起隔离空气噪声的作用。未按比例画出的热屏蔽板3具有一个铝制的基体4,它以其外露的侧面指向排气消音器1。基体4由一个光滑的、打孔的、厚度在0.5至0.8mm范围内的铝板制成。
可以看出,基体4具有大量的透声孔5。透声孔5的直径位于0.1至3mm范围内,优选一种结构,在该结构中,透声孔5的直径在0.1至1.9mm之间并且基体表面每平方厘米具有直到二十四个透声孔5。
在基体4的内侧设置一个吸声层6,它尤其用于空气消声并且由一个铝制的热屏蔽层7覆盖。指向底板2的热屏蔽层7尤其由一个厚度在20至80μm范围内例如大约50μm的铝箔制成。这个热屏蔽层或者铝箔7可以具有一个微孔结构,(未画出)微孔结构的孔直径例如在0.1至1mm范围内,其中,每平方厘米可以构成直到十二个孔。
取代由薄的、微孔的铝板制成的基体4,也可以使用铝制的格栅状的基体,然后有利的是,在基体4和吸声层6之间设置一个透声的铝箔。
热屏蔽板3的基体4、吸声层6和热屏蔽层7通过基体4的在边缘侧的卷边互相连接。吸声层6和热屏蔽层7的边缘夹在折边9内。有利的是,热屏蔽板3通过隔热以及隔声的紧固件(未画出),例如以带有由弹性体制成的垫片或间隔层的塑料螺栓的形式,固定在汽车底板2的下侧上。
吸声层6是由多个叠置的铝织物层构成,在此这些层压制成一个透气或透空气的席垫10。席垫10包括至少五个相互叠置的铝织物层,席垫10是一个基本上呈板状的平面组织并具有相对较高的抗弯刚度。图2示出了席垫10的一个局部。这个板状的席垫10或吸声层6具有大量小的分支的孔或狭窄的通道11。席垫10因此实际上构成一种微孔的结构,这种结构具有大量小的开放的孔。吸声层6或席垫10的厚度在0.5至10mm范围内,优选在0.5至3mm范围内。它具有8至15g/dm2的单位面积重量。根据DIN 52213,席垫10的单位长度的(lngenbezogen)流动阻力大于或等于5kNs/m4,优选大于或等于20kNs/m4。
在图3中描述了铝织物的一个单独的层12的局部。可以看到,铝织物是一个单线圈针织物,也就是说,线圈面是通过缠绕单根的横向延伸的条形的铝丝13构成。每个线圈包括一个圈头14、两个圈边15、16和两个圈颈17、18。这些并列布置的线圈构成一个相应横向延伸的线圈横列,而多个上下叠置的线圈构成一个所谓的线圈纵行。
铝织物这样构成,使得在两个相邻的线圈纵行之间的平均距离a明显大于在一个线圈的两个圈边15、16之间的平均距离b。在所述实施例中,在相邻的线圈纵行之间的平均距离a是线圈的两个圈边15、16之间的平均距离b的大致两倍。
在图4中以示意图的形式且同样未按比例描述的实施例与图1中所示的实施例的差别在于,基体4和热屏蔽层7是具有成型轮廓的。基体4和热屏蔽层7都具有一个锯齿形的轮廓,该轮廓例如通过相应的成型压机产生。由于基体4和热屏蔽层7的锯齿形轮廓,在吸声层6的下侧和上侧产生一些楔形的空腔19。这个空腔尤其起到隔热的作用。
基体4又设有大量的透声孔5。从排气消音器1处观察,这些孔5分别设置在楔谷的底部上。附加地或者取代地,透声孔5也可以设置在基体4的外部的楔峰上。
在图5中描述了第三实施例,在该实施例中,热屏蔽板3具有一个铝制的具有光滑表面的基体4、一个吸声层6和一个由铝箔制成的热屏蔽层7。这个实施例与图1所示的实施例的差别首先在于,在打孔的基体4和吸声层6之间设置一个间隔层20。间隔层20由一种具有成型轮廓的优选打孔的铝箔构成。铝箔20构成波浪形的、锯齿形的或用其它方式具有成型轮廓的,使得在基体4和吸声层6之间有一个尤其起隔热作用的缝隙状的空气空间21。
根据图5的实施例与在图1中所示的实施例的差别还在于,热屏蔽板3具有另一个吸声层6′,在两个吸声层6、6′之间同样设置一个间隔层20′。间隔层20′可以与间隔层20相同地构成,它用于形成隔热的空气空间并且尤其可以由一种具有成型轮廓的以及打孔的铝箔制成。另外,在吸声层6′和热屏蔽层7之间也设有一个相应具有成型轮廓的间隔层20″。
吸声层6、6′如同在上述两个实施例中一样分别由多个压制成一个透气席垫的铝织物层构成。吸声层6、6′因此有压成板状的席垫的形状。
本发明在其实施中并不限制于所述的实施例。可以具有一系列的变型方案,这些方案在原理上有偏差的结构中也采用在任意权利要求中定义的发明思想。所以按本发明的热屏蔽板3可以不仅应用于排气消音器1或排气装置的其它部分的屏蔽,而且例如也可以作为在乘客车厢前围板对面的发动机缸体的区域的屏蔽。尤其属于本发明范围内的是,上述实施例的单个特征之间的相互组合。
Claims (20)
1.一种隔声的热屏蔽板(3),尤其用于汽车,它包括一个铝制的基体(4)、至少一个吸声层(6)和一个铝制的热屏蔽层(7),其特征在于:所述至少一个吸声层(6)由多个压制成一个透气的席垫(10)的铝织物层(12)构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述席垫(10)具有一种带有大量狭窄的、分支的通道(11)的微孔结构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述席垫(10)具有在0.5至10mm范围内的厚度。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述席垫(10)具有在8至15g/dm2范围内的单位面积重量。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述席垫(10)由至少五个相互叠置的铝织物层(12)构成。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述铝织物制成单线圈针织物的形式。
7.根据权利要求1至6之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述铝织物构成为使得在两个相邻的线圈纵行之间的平均距离(a)大于或小于在一个线圈的两个圈边(15、16)之间的平均距离(b)。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述铝织物具有不同宽度的线圈纵行和/或不同宽度的线圈横列。
9.根据权利要求1至8之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体(4)是打孔的或者构成格栅的形式。
10.根据权利要求1至9之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体(4)具有一个带有大量透声孔(5)的外露的侧面,透声孔的孔直径小于或等于3mm。
11.根据权利要求1至10之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体(4)具有一个带有大量透声孔(5)的外露的侧面,透声孔的孔直径处于0.1至1.9mm范围内,其中,每平方厘米设置直到二十四个透声孔(5)。
12.根据权利要求1至11之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体(4)具有0.5至0.8mm的厚度。
13.根据权利要求1至12之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:构成吸声层(6)的席垫(10)具有0.5至10mm范围内的厚度。
14.根据权利要求1至13之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述热屏蔽层(7)由铝箔构成。
15.根据权利要求1至14之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述热屏蔽层(7)是微孔的。
16.根据权利要求1至15之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体(4)和/或所述热屏蔽层(7)具有成型轮廓。
17.根据权利要求1到16之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述基体具有一个外露的基本上光滑的表面。
18.根据权利要求1到17的其中之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:在基体(4)和吸声层(6)之间和/或在吸声层(6′)和热屏蔽层(7)之间设置一个间隔层(20、20″)。
19.根据权利要求1到18的其中之一所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:有至少两个吸声层(6、6′),在它们之间设置一个间隔层(20′)。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的热屏蔽板,其特征在于:所述间隔层由一种具有成型轮廓的铝箔构成。
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-
2002
- 2002-11-18 DE DE10253832A patent/DE10253832A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-11-11 JP JP2004552565A patent/JP2006519710A/ja active Pending
- 2003-11-11 CN CNA2003801083139A patent/CN1735509A/zh active Pending
- 2003-11-11 US US10/535,350 patent/US7445084B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-11 ES ES03808275T patent/ES2303608T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-11 DE DE50309554T patent/DE50309554D1/de not_active Revoked
- 2003-11-11 WO PCT/EP2003/012577 patent/WO2004045843A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-11 EP EP03808275A patent/EP1562743B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2003-11-11 AT AT03808275T patent/ATE391008T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-11 MX MXPA05005272A patent/MXPA05005272A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-11 PT PT03808275T patent/PT1562743E/pt unknown
- 2003-11-11 AU AU2003302088A patent/AU2003302088A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-05-17 ZA ZA200503953A patent/ZA200503953B/en unknown
Cited By (11)
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CN101165328B (zh) * | 2006-10-19 | 2012-06-20 | 卡特彼勒公司 | 用于内燃机***的消声装置 |
CN102785425A (zh) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-21 | 东华大学 | 一种金属丝格栅间隔的增强隔热复合膜及其用途 |
CN105246770A (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2016-01-13 | 宝马股份公司 | 用于机动车的包括具有菱形图案的内部的未注射的金属格栅的混合构件 |
CN105246770B (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2018-09-07 | 宝马股份公司 | 用于机动车的包括具有菱形图案的内部的未注射的金属格栅的混合构件 |
CN104890466A (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-09-09 | 标致·雪铁龙汽车公司 | 在车身下方的保护板与排水 |
CN104890466B (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2018-11-09 | 标致·雪铁龙汽车公司 | 在车身下方的保护板与排水 |
CN105216875A (zh) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 车辆面板接合结构 |
CN110312604A (zh) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-10-08 | 萨帕有限责任公司 | 生产用于内燃机的隔音复合罩的多步骤方法和由此获得的产品 |
TWI647113B (zh) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-01-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 吸音材料 |
CN107606393A (zh) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 北京福斯机械有限公司 | 一种用于管道的隔热支护装置 |
CN112061043A (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-11 | 新程汽车工业有限公司 | 车用功能性隔热板及其加工方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060124387A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
PT1562743E (pt) | 2008-06-23 |
MXPA05005272A (es) | 2005-08-16 |
US7445084B2 (en) | 2008-11-04 |
WO2004045843A3 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
EP1562743A2 (de) | 2005-08-17 |
DE50309554D1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
ES2303608T3 (es) | 2008-08-16 |
WO2004045843A2 (de) | 2004-06-03 |
AU2003302088A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
AU2003302088A8 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
ATE391008T1 (de) | 2008-04-15 |
ZA200503953B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
JP2006519710A (ja) | 2006-08-31 |
DE10253832A1 (de) | 2004-05-27 |
EP1562743B1 (de) | 2008-04-02 |
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