CN1671596A - 密封中的问题区域的单独锁定 - Google Patents

密封中的问题区域的单独锁定 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1671596A
CN1671596A CNA038174472A CN03817447A CN1671596A CN 1671596 A CN1671596 A CN 1671596A CN A038174472 A CNA038174472 A CN A038174472A CN 03817447 A CN03817447 A CN 03817447A CN 1671596 A CN1671596 A CN 1671596A
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China
Prior art keywords
sealing
liner
horizontal surface
area
zone
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CN1671596B (zh
Inventor
盖瑞特·威廉姆·科尔
史蒂文·肯尼斯·泰特
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Frito Lay North America Inc
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Frito Lay North America Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/12—Subdividing filled tubes to form two or more packages by sealing or securing involving displacement of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/305—Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/346—Making joints having variable thicknesses in the joint area, e.g. by using jaws having an adapted configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8227—Transmission mechanisms using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

为了在密封的包装中减少泄漏比率，密封钳口包含与泄漏问题区域相对应的一个或多个升高的区域，即邻近于包装设计中的后密封和重叠的区域。所升高的区域大约比密封一般的两层材料的区域高出约4到20mil。

Description

密封中的问题区域的单独锁定
                            发明背景
技术领域
本发明涉及在热封包装袋中包装产品，具体来讲，本发明涉及在热封包装袋的几个部分中产生密封，所述包装袋的接合区域有数量可变的材料层。
现有技术描述
袋包装
许多零食食品，如薯片、脆饼等，都包装在用非常薄的包装膜形成的包装袋中。这些包装袋能够用垂直成形、填充和密封包装机械制造，顾名思义，这种机械形成一个包装，在里面装上产品，然后将填充好的包装封上。
这种包装机械的一个简图如图1所示。包装膜110从薄膜卷112上取下，然后穿过几个张紧器114，这些张紧器114能够将包装膜保持拉紧。然后包装膜从成形器116上面穿过，该成形器116将包装膜引导成为围绕着一个产品输送柱118的一个垂直管。由于该垂直包装膜管由传动带120向下拉动，所以所述垂直包装膜管由一个垂直密封器122沿其长度而密封，因此就形成了一个后密封124。然后所述机械采用一对热封钳口126夹在所述包装膜管上以形成横密封128。该横密封128分别作为密封钳口126下面的包装袋130的顶部密封和正在填充的、在钳口126上面形成的包装袋132的底部密封。在所述横密封128形成之后，穿过所述密封区域进行切割，以将所述横密封128下面的已完成的包装袋130与该密封上面的部分完成的包装袋132分离。然后将所述包装膜管向下拉动以拉出另一个包装长度。在所述密封钳口形成每个横密封之前，将要包装的产品落下并穿过所述产品输送柱118而装入所述横密封128上方的管中。
图1c示出了现有技术中的成形、填充和密封包装机械上的密封托架。图1b是安装在所述托架上的现有技术的密封组件的截面图。相对的横密封衬片102和104以附在相对的桥式组件106和108上的形式示出。在每个密封衬片102和104后面是一个热探针128和130，所述热探针128和130在运行期间能够将所述密封衬片的裸露表面加热到高达450°F的温度。置于所述密封衬片102，104以及它们各自的桥式组件106，108之间的是一个热隔离板136和138。所述热隔离板136，138在密封衬片102，104与桥式组件106，108之间提供了一个热障，以将传递到所述桥式组件106，108以及附在其上面的其它部件的热减到最小。在所述热隔离板136，138以及热探针128，130之间放置有一个热电偶或热敏电阻器132，134，以监控所述密封衬片102，104的温度。正如前面所述的那样，在使所述密封衬片102和104两者之间处于非常接近的位置而将位于所述密封衬片102和104之间的包装膜管变平时，就会形成一个横密封。为了实现这个目的，所述桥式组件106，108在固定杆110和112上彼此之间相向移动。
附图还示出了附在所述桥式组件106，108上的一对相对的碎屑板114和116。当桥式组件106，108相互接近的时候，所述碎屑板114和116有些微的重叠并因此在变平的包装膜管上形成临时的“S”形压缩。当位于所述压缩之上的包装膜管被产品所填充时，所述“S”形压缩提供一种使产品与密封区域隔离的手段。附图还示出了两个剥离杆118和120被连接到所述桥式组件106，108上。所述剥离杆118和120一般安装有弹簧并提供如前所述的剥离功能。
所述密封衬片102，104都被制成带有一个中央槽141，143以容纳一个刀具或切割工具122，如图1c所示。所述刀具122凹入在所述密封衬片其中之一102的中央槽141之内，并由连接到所述桥式组件106，108的两个刀具托架124和126定位。在所述横密封在所述变平的包装膜管上形成之后，所述的两个刀具托架124和126微微旋转，因此将所述刀具122暴露给所述横密封。这个动作会将所述横密封切割，因此也就完成了所述成形、填充和密封一个单独包装的过程。
上面所描述的现有技术中的托架被设计成能够使所述密封衬片102和104卸下，以安装另外的一套密封衬片，以形成所得到的横密封的不同的垂直宽度。图1d中所示的衬片组件在工厂进行校准，此处并不推荐操作人员将所述密封衬片102和104、碎屑板114和116以及剥离杆118和120以外的装置从所述衬片组件中卸下。
上面所述的现有技术也可以有变化。例如，一些机械并不要求有碎屑板和剥离杆，但另一些机械却要求有。此外，在许多包装机械中，所述密封衬片102/104并不是所述钳口的可分离的和可更换的部件，而是与钳口成一体的。
为了校正包装袋的不适当密封，一般对密封机械装置的三种主要参数进行更改：温度、压力和停留时间(密封钳口闭合以形成密封的时间)。所使用的材料一般在给定的温度范围内进行密封，如375-425°，但根据伴随的压力和停留时间，这个温度范围可以变化。在这三种参数当中，压力一般由技术人员在工厂设定，而且并不容易改变。整个衬片的压力一般大约300磅，而且非常均匀地分布在所述衬片上。因此，对于8英寸宽的包装袋来说，在制造顶部/底部密封时，可以有大约8平方英寸的包装接触面积，或对于1/2英寸宽的密封来说，每平方英寸的压力大约是37.5磅。
与出厂设定的压力相比，温度和停留时间就由操作人员在包装产品的时候来决定。操作人员一般来说对包装所使用的具体材料比较熟悉，并在条件所限的范围内，为获取有效的密封而对所需的时间和温度参数做出改变。一个限制是温度的增加超过材料所给定的范围会导致在材料上烧出或熔化出一个洞。另一种限制是机器的有效产量，这种限制可能会受到停留时间的影响。例如，如果在给定的温度和压力下所形成的密封在1/10秒之后才能保持，那么，将密封机械装置的停留时间提高到1/5甚至是1/2秒就会使密封的质量有极大的改进，但是，这也就意味着这种机器只能够对可以以较短的停留时间进行处理的一部分产品进行包装。而如果停留时间的改变需要增加机器来满足生产计划，则这种改变停留时间的方法是不经济的。
图2示出了用于包装零食产品的一般包装膜。最外层202是一种OPP，OPP是定向聚丙烯的简称，最内层206是含金属的定向聚丙烯。已经对定向聚合物材料进行了特殊处理以使分子以一给定的方向排列，使得这种材料趋向于按照这个方向撕裂。夹在所述两个OPP层之间的是其外表面含有任何印刷内容的聚乙烯层204。最内层的含金属层206本身也可以是叠片层并可以含有密封层208，该密封层208构成包装的内面。所述密封层由三元共聚物组成，该三元共聚物由乙烯、丙烯和丁烯组成。通过将含金属层的两部分放在一起，连同其密封层一道，将包装袋密封。当通过钳口加热和加压时，相邻的密封层就熔在一起并形成密封。在包装中所使用的其它材料有聚酯、纸、聚烯烃挤出物、粘性叠片以及其它类似的材料，或者是上述材料的复合层。
较为理想的是，即便是在压力改变的情况下，每个包装的每个密封都是密封的或防泄漏的。这对于零食食品来说尤为重要，这样它们的风味和新鲜度才能保持。包装中有后密封、折叠或角支撑的区域在密封中具有额外的材料层，但这个问题因较厚的包装材料、在包装设计中的额外折叠、和较小的包装而变得更加明显。图3示出了沿着一对现有技术的摺缝器钳口300的长度方向的截面图，有一个将要在钳口300之间密封的包装袋350。在该图中，后密封和角支撑附近的区域被放大了，在形成密封后被再次示出，有一个箭头指向三角形毛细管泄露可能出现的小区域。正如在这些放大图中可以看出的那样，最接近包装层数改变的区域是最有可能出现漏洞的区域。由于不大可能在生产线上完全排除漏气包装袋，所以往往通过大大降低这种漏气包装袋的产生数量来达到目的。
于2002年1月31日递交的同时待决的专利申请10/061,133，由本申请的受让人所拥有，并且是由共同发明人所发明的，该申请是解决密封包装的问题，所述包装的折叠部分大而且包装材料相对较厚，但密封还不是该申请所主要关注的事情。在该同时待决的申请中，对密封钳口进行改动以在具有较厚层的包装袋区域提供调剂。该申请的示范性实施例在图4中以截面图示出。在该图中，衬片400在出现包装袋的额外层的包装袋450的A、C和E部分被加宽间隙，以使在密封的整个长度上所施加的压力更加均匀。在所示出的实施例中，每个衬片的给定区域被加宽间隙，加宽间隙的程度相当于所使用的包装材料的一个厚度。加宽间隙的区域的边缘并不会形成尖角，但会成45°的倾斜角以使在校正机器中的材料时能够有一些滑动。
授予史密斯的美国专利6,230,781以一种不同的方法来处理密封。图5是史密斯的专利中的摺缝器的截面图。装配这些摺缝器500是为了在密封的时候提供摇摆运动，但如果不这样做的话，就得做与上面所讨论的摺缝器相同的工作，并且也会有同样的问题。为了对进行密封的不同层数的材料进行处理，史密斯的专利中的摺缝器在密封区域的一侧加上了用弹性材料制造的衬垫510。该衬垫510有一个橡胶涂覆材料制成的厚片形状，用金属芯515使其***。与全钢摺缝装置相反，这种弹性材料能够提供某种“弹性”以容纳更多的材料层。
长期以来人们一直希望能够在并不增加停留时间的前提下减少在生产线上所生产的泄漏的包装的数量，即使在包装的设计使得这个目标的实现更加困难的情况下。
                            发明概述
在所公开的摺缝装置中，为产生漏洞的区域提供额外的压力，这种压力通过在衬片表面上提供微微升高的区域来进行。这种升高的区域锁定问题区域的任何一侧上的大约1/8到1/4英寸的尺寸。这种升高很微小，大约有1到30mil，优选4到20mil(即0.004到0.020英寸)，用于厚度在2到4mil(即0.002到0.004英寸)的包装膜，并且通过目测几乎不可见，但已足以提供必要的密封。这种创新的摺缝装置的优点是，对于密封过去一直难以处理的区域提供了一种既简单又经济的方法。密封装置的升高区域可以使用与钳口或衬片同样的材料，即钢，或者也可以用在密封期间提供某些“弹性”的弹性材料来制成。这些升高的区域可以与衬片制成一个整体，也可以制成衬垫形式。
                              附图简述
被认为是本发明的特征的新颖性特点在所附的权利要求书中提出。不过，通过参考后面的解释性实施例以及附图，就会理解本发明本身及其优选使用方式、另外的目的和优点。在这些附图中：
图1a是现有技术中的成形、填充和密封机械的示意图。
图1b和1c分别是成形、填充和密封机械的密封组件的截面图和透视图。
图2示出了用于零食食品的一般包装材料层。
图3示出了一个既有一个翅片密封又有一个交叉密封的包装袋的顶部，并示出了在密封时出现问题的区域。
图4示出了一个同时待决专利申请的密封钳口，该专利申请涉及解决在穿过不同层数的包装材料进行密封时所产生的问题。
图5是史密斯的美国专利6,230,781中的摺缝器的截面图。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的一对摺缝装置的截面图，所述摺缝装置被设计用于所示出的包装袋。
图7是根据本发明的另一个实施例的一对摺缝装置的截面图，所述摺缝装置被设计用于另一种包装袋。
图8是另一种成对的摺缝装置的截面图。
图9示出了用图7中所示的一对摺缝装置在一片力敏纸上所做的压痕。
                           发明的详细描述
本创造性发明的几个实施例将参考附图6-8在此进行描述。
在第一个实施例中，所要形成的包装袋仅有一个后重叠密封，如图6所示。该图示出了位于包装袋650任何一侧的改进的钳口的一个实施例的截面图。在此例中，所述钳口600全部用钢制成，所述钳口在所述后密封周围的目标区域被形成所述衬片的其余部分的衬垫610。所述衬片上的目标区域的厚度仅比所述衬片其余部分的厚度厚4mil(即4/1000英寸)(注意这些图并不是按比例制作的)。这个厚度用肉眼几乎是察觉不到的，但用于提供密封就已经足够了。由于穿过所述密封的厚度仅有一层的差别，所以并不是在所有的情况下都需要在所述后密封上采用更大的压力，但在包装材料厚度大的情况下特别有帮助。
在第二个实施例中，图7示出了设计用于所示出的包装袋750的一套摺缝装置。在此实施例中，所要形成的包装袋750具有一个翅片密封以及位于所述包装袋的每个端部的深褶，这样就有三个区域A、C和E具有四层材料，而其它区域B和D仅有两层。下面的摺缝装置700有升高的区域，这些区域对应于区域A和B、区域C和D以及区域D和E之间的结合处。所述摺缝装置700的这个实施例包括位于目标区域的多个衬垫710，每个衬垫都有一个用弹性材料制成的表面层715。所述弹性材料由橡胶、合成橡胶或类似的材料制成，厚度在1/8到1/16英寸的范围内，并用粘贴的方式固定在衬垫的其余部分上。
由于图7所示的包装袋有较大面积而且在这些面积上有四层材料要进行密封，特别是在包装材料特别厚的情况下，所以希望提供一种如图8所示的可供替换的实施例。在这种可供替换的实施例当中，所述摺缝器800的表面至少具有三个水平面。如果我们考虑仅包含两层的所述摺缝器800的C和E段是这种厚度的包装袋的“正常”高度，那么，B、D和F这三段就被升高以在最可能出现问题的区域提供额外的密封力量，即在层数变化的区域。包含四层材料的区域A和G相比“正常”高度降低，使得不会穿过仅有两层的区段C和E而出现桥状。换言之，所述摺缝器800的区段805是离上面的摺缝器800最远的，区段820离对面的摺缝装置稍近，区段810离对面的摺缝器800最近。在此实施例中，整个密封表面形成一个单片，这个单片有升高的和降低的部分，这些部分与衬片的其它部分是一个整体。
图9示出了一个痕迹，这个痕迹通过将一片力敏纸夹在图7中所示的钳口中而获得。正如在这个图中所看到的那样，对应于所述衬片的升高区段的力敏纸上的区域902、904和906接收到了所施加压力的较大部分。邻近的区域910、912、914和916将接收到相比于使用现有技术中的衬片所接收到的压力稍小的压力，但足以对在这些并不重要的区域提供相应的密封。在用这种创造性密封钳口进行试验时，已发现这种结构能够对有问题的区域中的密封有所改进。精确的改进程度视包装袋的设计、制造包装袋所使用的材料以及所述创造性衬片的具体实施情况而定。

Claims (18)

1.用于对包装进行密封的一对密封装置，所述包装在密封区域的第一区域有x层包装材料，在密封区域的第二区域有y层包装材料，其中x和y是不同的，所述热密封装置包括：
一个第一密封衬片表面；和，
一个第二密封衬片表面；
其中，在一个安装位置上：
所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面和第二衬片表面的第一水平面大体上匹配在一起，并且
所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面有所升高，使得有附加的压力被施加到所述密封区域的第一区域和第二区域之间的结合处。
2.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面升高约1到30mil。
3.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面升高约4到20mil。
4.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，与包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域形成为一个整体。
5.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，形成为包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域的一个衬垫。
6.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，用与包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域相同的材料形成。
7.如权利要求1所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域包括弹性材料。
8.如权利要求7所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述弹性材料包括橡胶、合成橡胶、或类似的材料。
9.一种对成形、填充和密封机械的改进，所述改进包括：
一个第一密封衬片表面，所述第一密封衬片表面安装在所述成形、填充和密封机械上；和
一个第二密封衬片表面，所述第二密封衬片表面安装在所述成形、填充和密封机械的第一密封衬片表面的对面，其中，所述第一和第二密封衬片表面被设计成用于一种包装，所述包装在密封区域的第一区域有x层包装材料，在密封区域的第二区域有y层包装材料，x和y是不同的，所述第一区域与所述第二区域相邻；
其特征在于：
所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面和第二衬片表面的第一水平面大体上匹配在一起，并且
所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面有所升高，使得有附加的压力被施加到所述密封区域的第一区域和第二区域之间的结合处。
10.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面升高约1到30mil。
11.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面相比所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面升高约4到20mil。
12.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，与包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域形成为一个整体。
13.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，形成为包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域的一个衬垫。
14.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域，用与包含所述第一衬片表面的第一水平面的区域相同的材料形成。
15.如权利要求9所述的密封装置，其特征在于，包含所述第一衬片表面的第二水平面的区域包括弹性材料。
16.如权利要求15所述的密封装置，其特征在于，所述弹性材料包括橡胶、合成橡胶、或类似的材料。
17.一种形成含有一种产品的包装袋的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
沿着包装材料的长度将一片包装材料的第一边和第二边相互密封；
将第一和第二钳口夹在一起，以形成与所述第一边和第二边基本垂直的第一密封，从而形成一个开口包装袋；
将产品放入所述开口包装袋；并且
将所述第一和第二钳口夹在一起，以形成与所述第一密封基本平行的第二密封，以形成含有产品的密封的包装袋；
其中，所述将第一和第二钳口夹在一起的步骤中，在材料层的数量有变化的密封区域上施加了较大的压力。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，还包括加热所述第一和第二钳口的步骤。
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