CN1585938A - 自动化包裹领取和投递的***和方法 - Google Patents

自动化包裹领取和投递的***和方法 Download PDF

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CN1585938A
CN1585938A CNA028224892A CN02822489A CN1585938A CN 1585938 A CN1585938 A CN 1585938A CN A028224892 A CNA028224892 A CN A028224892A CN 02822489 A CN02822489 A CN 02822489A CN 1585938 A CN1585938 A CN 1585938A
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M·A·里瓦尔托
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Abstract

本发明提供的自动化包裹投递和领取***和方法包括至少一个设置在投递和领取站处的包裹口，用来接收和发放存放在这个站的包裹。一个站控制器耦合到信息输入***和包裹接收和发放口机构，安排来将包裹和预定收件人识别信息与所接收的包襄相关联。控制器还安排来对可以包括生物量度信息在内的识别信息进行处理，以验证预定收件人的身份，据此允许从所述至少一个包裹口发放包襄。这种站支持自动化的包襄投递和领取业务，改善了包裹投递***的总效率，方便了用户，使投递更为安全。

Description

自动化包裹领取和投递的***和方法
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明与适合于接收和投递装货包裹的包裹投递方案有关。
2.技术背景
通常，用来分发商品或包裹的已知的包裹领取和投递方案基本上靠人操作。例如，商品通常由投递员在投递箱或所安排的现场提取处收集。标识包裹和它们的目的地的信息通常由投递员或其他工作人员输入一个集中的跟踪数据库。然后将包裹运输到分发节点进行分类、传送后再人工投递到预定目的地。再次投递包裹还需要投递员亲自将包裹送到预定目的地。如果一个包裹不能投递到目的地，例如在投递的时候居住者不在家，这个包裹必须送到一个保管机构，待预定当事人以后领取，或者必须安排另一次投递。
由于需要投递员亲自到收取和投递的点去，这样的方案固有地在时间和资源的管理上都是低效率的。对于因预定收件人不在目的地而投递不中率高的情况尤其是这样。对于住宅投递来说，由于在线购买商品的增多而发货量日益增大，投递不中已经成为突出的问题。此外，人手投递包裹可能对于有时必须到高犯罪区域收取或投递包裹的投递员来说会有相当的危险。
由于传统的包裹投递***效率低、不方便和对投递员有潜在危险，一些货运公司已经试图提供联合投放服务，允许将运送的包裹发送到中间投放站，待预定当事人以后领取。因此，这样的方案就不需要投递员到预定目的地去。然而，一些已知的方案要求收件人预先登记和具体指定这种投递方式作为送货细则的一部分。此外，为了在领取包裹时验证预定当事人，通常使用唯一PIN型验证装置。因为需要指定和管理这些唯一PIN号码，所以这种PIN型验证装置往往会引起一些麻烦，而且增加了***维护的总体复杂性。再者，这种方案可能有一定的风险和与保管装货包裹待领的责任有关的额外费用。
因此，需要有一种实用的投递包裹的方式可以令人满意地解决这些问题。
发明概要
按照本发明的一个方面，所提供的自动化包裹投递和领取方案允许以一种用户友好的方式自动化地投递和领取包裹。
按照这个和其他一些方面，本发明提供了一种自动化包裹投递和领取站，这种站包括：一个机架；至少一个耦合到所述机架的信息输入***，用来接收发货和识别信息；以及至少一个设置在所述机架中并且被安排来接收和发放包裹的包裹口，所述包裹口包括一个保证所接收的包裹在所述机架内安全的存取控制装置。一个控制器耦合到所述至少一个信息输入***和所述至少一个包裹接收和发放口的存取控制装置，并且被安排来将包裹和预定收件人识别信息与所接收的包裹相关联和对所述存取控制装置的操作进行控制以使包裹可以存放入所述至少一个包裹口内。控制器还被安排来对识别信息进行处理以验证出现预定收件人，然后对存取控制装置的操作进行控制以允许从所述至少一个包裹口发放包裹。
按照本发明的一个实施例，所述至少一个包裹口可以包括多个有锁隔箱。按照另一个实施例，所述至少一个包裹口包括多个包裹接收和发放舱。此外，可以提供一个自动化包裹传送机构，由控制器操作，自动将存放在包裹口内的包裹传送到机架内指定的仓架上和以后发放包裹时将包裹再传送回包裹口。存取控制装置可以包括连接到每个有锁隔箱或接收和发放舱的一个电子可控锁闩机构和一个门。所述至少一个包裹口可以包括多个尺寸大小不同的包裹口，而所述至少一个信息输入***可以包括一个数据读出装置，安排来读取来自***/付款卡、触摸屏显示装置、便携式无线数据发送器和/或生物量度数据采集装置的信息。生物量度信息可用来唯一地识别收件人，生物量度数据采集装置可以包括扫描仪、摄像机、麦克风或其他输入装置，以获取例如指纹、签字、语音模式、虹膜模式或脸形模式的信息。
从以下结合附图对优选实施例的详细说明中可以对本发明有更充分的理解。
附图简要说明
图1为按照本发明设计的包括一个自动化包裹投递和领取站的包裹投递***的方框图；
图2为按照第一典型实施例设计的自动化包裹投递和领取站的透视图；以及
图3为按照第二典型实施例设计的自动化包裹投递和领取站的透视图。
优选实施例详细说明
如图1所示，自动化包裹领取和投递站或亭子10安排来具有至少一个设置在存储机架14外部的接口单元12。接口单元12包括一个诸如触摸屏16之类的用户输入和显示装置、一个从***/付款卡或其他类型的标识卡读出信息的读卡器18、一个生物量度输入装置19以及一个扬声器和麦克风20。生物量度输入装置19可以包括一个指纹或虹膜扫描仪、用于签名核实的输入垫、用于面貌识别的摄像机和/或用于语音识别的麦克风。接口单元还可以包括一个使站10可以处理现金型交易的现金收取***(未示出)。
站10还可以包括多个位于其上的摄像机，用来改善客户服务或站安全。例如，可以提供一个视频会议摄像机22，以便与站外值班人员进行交互会议。还可以配置一个静止图像截获摄像机24和/或动态摄像机(time-lapsed camera)26，为站提供适当的安全监视。这些摄像机的操作可以是由事件或交易触发的。
每个组件或子***都连接到一个诸如具有本地数据库和编程装置30的被合适配备的计算机***之类的站控制器28，用来对站的工作进行全面控制。控制器28还为一个或多个站外包裹投递主数据中心32以及集中站控制和监视中心34提供一个控制和数据接口。站10还包括一个无线接收机和集线器36，安排来与通常由投递员使用的便携式无线输入装置和扫描仪38通信。
按照本发明，接收和投递包裹不需要投递公司工作人员在场。通过将控制器28安排来对安装在机架14内的机械投递模件40的操作进行控制和管理，提供站10的自动化包裹接收和投递能力。投递模件40可以是任何适当的具有至少一个被安排来在站内接收、存储和发放大小不同的包裹的包裹口的自动化包裹处理***，通常将包括一个诸如门和电子闩锁机构的存取控制装置，用来保证包裹口和存储区的安全。
在图2所示的一个典型实施例中，投递模件40a包括多个以有锁隔箱(42)的形式的大小不同的包裹口，有锁隔箱被安排来以电子方式打开和与存放在其中的一个或多个包裹关联。这些包裹可以由投递员或来到的客户存放。一旦通过接口12或输入装置38输入适当的标识信息，这些包裹与特定的有锁隔箱关联。控制器28提供与主数据中心32有适当的通信，以便收集和维护包裹接收、投递和记帐信息。同样地，控制器28连同主数据中心32进行操作，来对任何试图提取所存放的包裹的人进行核实和验证。一旦通过验证，所关联的有锁隔箱门就被打开，允许提取其中存放的包裹。
在图3所示的另一个典型实施例中，投递模件40b包括多个包裹接收和发放舱44，安排来可由人在控制器28控制下有选择地存取。在机架14内，投递模件40b包括一个被耦合到每个舱44的包裹传送机构，用来在控制器28控制下将所存放的包裹传送到舱和从舱传送存放的包裹。例如，包裹传送机构可以实现为一个或多个内在的垂直旋转仓架(未示出)。可用一个马达驱动的传送机(未示出)在各个舱到旋转机构之间传送包裹。控制器28被安排来将所存放的包裹与特定的仓架关联，按需要旋转仓架，以存放、提取和从站10发放包裹。这些仓最好具有不同的大小，以适应处理大小不同的包裹。投递员或其他受权人员在存放的时候可以选择一个所希望的仓。同样，可以通过接口12提示顾客选择一个适当的仓或仓尺寸。
再来看图1，以太网集线器46用来将控制器28连接到投递模件40和无线集线器36上。同样，以太网集线器46还通过适当的路由器48将站10耦合到控制中心34上。控制中心34包括一个有利于与适当的控制中心监视***52通信的适当的路由器50。控制中心34还包括一个合适的中央数据库54和示为呼叫中心56、监控站58，和维护终端60的一个或多个控制终端。
主数据中心32包括一个主中央数据库62和各个被安排来对所指定的地理区域各处的包裹的接收和投递进行全面控制的主***64。主数据中心32被安排来与控制中心34或站控制器28进行通信。
在运行中，在投递员不能将一个包裹投递到预定目的地时，投递员可以在目的地留下一个启事，通知预定的收件人包裹已经转到一个自动化领取站10。投递员可以等到按规定路线投递结束后一次性将所有无法投递的包裹拿到指定的站10，将这些包裹存放在那里，供预定收件人以后领取。为了领取所存放的包裹，收件人由接口12验证他们的身份，控制器28控制投递模件40，使收件人可以取回各自的包裹。
按照一个典型实施例，可以利用收件人或领取人的标识信息进行确定的验证。例如，可使用***或其他类型的上面具有适当标识信息的卡，以将标识信息与输入主数据库的收件人信息进行匹配。同样，也可以由收件人提供诸如指纹或虹膜扫描之类的生物量度信息，将它与存储在主数据库内的以前得到的信息相比较。或者，也可以利用第三方验证服务，对于转给第三方服务的任何以上验证信息进行识别或验证。第三方服务可以根据标识信息(虹膜模式，指纹，等)提供接受、拒绝或不能核实信号，也可以提供其他识别信息(诸如姓名和地址之类)。还可以利用从指定的包裹跟踪码中选择的数字作为个人身份号码来提供验证。再者，可以通过向读出器或摄像机出示一个可以包括一个传统的两维、三维或全息条码的收据进行验证。最后，还可以通过与站外值班人员的实时交互视频会议来进行验证。
正如所指出的那样，除投递员外，包裹可以由来到的客户直接存放入站10。利用接口12，客户可以输入与目的地和发货付款有关的信息，该信息于是可以转发给主机32进行处理。可以通知投递员来提取所存放的包裹，或者，如果预定的收件人处在站10的覆盖区内，可以把关于领取包裹的通知发送给收件人。再者，利用本发明，购买要发货的产品的购买者只要选择将包裹交付给一个自动化投递和领取站就可以避免送货上门。接收到适当通知后，收件人于是可以在方便的时候从自动化站提取被发货的包裹。
因此，本发明提供了一种自动化的投递和领取包裹的自动化站和方法，使客户和投递员都可存放和领取包裹而不需要事先客户签约。因此，包裹投递的整体效率、方便和安全性都得到改善。本发明对于把包裹投递到以下地点或者个人来说特别有利：高犯罪区域、无看门人或门房的公寓住所、希望有将包裹“保留在特定地点”的包裹领取的选项的商店、希望有一个外界的可寻址领取箱位在要领取包裹时可以很方便使用的个人以及希望有一个安全、可靠和灵活的领取地点供投递/接收包裹的个人。
虽然以上对本发明的一些实施例作了例示和说明，但这些实施例并不是本发明的所有可能实施形式。在本说明书中所用的词语是说明性的而不是限制性的，可以理解在不背离本发明的精神实质和范围的情况下各种改动都是可行的。

Claims (19)

1.一种自动化包裹领取和投递站，所述站包括：
一个机架；
至少一个与所述机架耦合的信息输入***，用来接收发货和识别信息；
至少一个设置在所述机架中并且被安排来接收和发放包裹的包裹口，所述包裹口包括一个保证所接收的包裹在所述机架内安全的存取控制装置；以及
一个耦合到所述至少一个信息输入***和所述至少一个包裹接收和发放口的存取控制装置的控制器，所述控制器安排来将包裹和预定收件人的识别信息与所接收的包裹相关联，并且控制所述存取控制装置的操作来允许包裹存放到所述至少一个包裹口内，所述控制器还安排来处理识别信息以验证预定收件人的身份，并且控制所述存取控制装置的操作来允许包裹从所述至少一个包裹口发放。
2.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个包裹口包括多个有锁隔箱。
3.权利要求2的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述存取控制装置包括连接到每个有锁隔箱的一个电子可控锁闩机构和一个门。
4.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个包裹口包括多个包裹接收和发放舱。
5.权利要求4的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述存取控制装置包括连接到每个接收和发放舱的一个电子可控锁闩机构和一个门。
6.权利要求4的自动化包裹领取和投递站，还包括一个由所述控制器操作的自动化包裹传送机构，用来自动将存放入所述包裹口内的包裹传送到设置在所述机架内的指定仓架上。
7.权利要求6的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述自动化包裹传送机构还安排来由控制器操作以便将包裹从一个仓架传送到指定的包裹口来从中发放。
8.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个包裹口包括多个大小不同的包裹口。
9.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述控制器被安排来向一个远程中央数据收集***发送和接收识别和验证信息。
10.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个信息输入***包括一个被安排来从***/付款卡读取信息的数据读出装置。
11.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个信息输入***包括一个触摸屏显示装置。
12.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个信息输入***包括一个接收由一个便携式无线数据发送器发送的信号的接收机。
13.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，还包括一个与所述控制器连接的允许所述机架处的个人与站外值班人员进行通信的视频会议***。
14.权利要求1的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述至少一个信息输入***包括一个生物量度输入装置。
15.权利要求14的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述生物量度输入装置包括一个虹膜扫描仪。
16.权利要求14的自动化包裹领取和投递站，其中所述生物量度输入装置包括一个指纹扫描仪。
17.一种自动化包裹领取和投递方法，所述方法包括：
将包裹收件人信息与在一个包裹领取和投递站内的存储位置和所关联的包裹相关联；
收集来自可能的包裹收件人的生物量度信息；
将所述生物量度信息与包裹收件人信息相比较，以便确定是否批准收件人接收包裹；以及
如果所述生物量度信息表明收件人被批准接收包裹，则自动允许接入所述存储位置。
18.权利要求17的方法，其中所述收集生物量度信息的步骤包括收集来自可能的包裹收件人的虹膜模式信息。
19.权利要求17的方法，其中所述收集生物量度信息的步骤包括收集来自可能的包裹收件人的指纹信息。
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