CN1580007A - Multi-element organic nutrient fertilizer and its preparing method - Google Patents
Multi-element organic nutrient fertilizer and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1580007A CN1580007A CNA2004100225247A CN200410022524A CN1580007A CN 1580007 A CN1580007 A CN 1580007A CN A2004100225247 A CNA2004100225247 A CN A2004100225247A CN 200410022524 A CN200410022524 A CN 200410022524A CN 1580007 A CN1580007 A CN 1580007A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compositive multiplex organic nutrient fertilizer with organic and inorganic materials, which is fermented by bacteria, and its preparation method and at least includes, in the amounts of weight, the following components: nitrogen compound (nitrogen material) with nitrogen content of 2%-to-15%, phosphorus-containing compound (phosphorus material) with phosphorus content of 1%-to-10%, potassium-containing compound (potassium material) with potassium content of 1%-to-12%, 63%-to-84.5% of the organic material of water soluble humic acid composed of one or several kinds of the turf, chicken manure, cow dung, dregs of rapeseeds after being extracted, wood coal, dregs of peanut oil after being extracted in random proportion and 0.3%-to-1% of microelements mixed in random proportion with one or several kinds of the sulphur, iron, cuprum, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum and magnesium. The invention also can increase production, better crop's quality, improve the soil, adjust the structure of the soil and protect the environment.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the composite fertilizer of a kind of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium element, especially a kind of multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer that contains organic and inanimate matter through the fermentation synthetic.The invention still further relates to the preparation method of this product.
Background technology:
Later 1960s early seventies, single-element fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium begin to occur in Chinese agriculture is produced, and are popularized rapidly, but through nearly 30 years long-term application, its side effect also appears suddenly out.Though there is composite fertilizer to sell in the market, but in fact these composite fertilizers are by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or the simple mixture of arranging in pairs or groups and forming of nitrogen, potassium or single-element fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, the problem of fostering and apply fertilizer of can't balance fertilizing and solving soil, its shortcoming is: 1, nutrient single, be not balance formula; 2, fertilizer efficiency period is short, and aftereffect is bad, and crop later stage nutritional deficiency phenomenon is obvious; 3, life-time service can cause soil acidification, alkalizes, harden, and the soil nutrient elements detuning phenomena occurs; 4, environmental pollution is serious; 5, the quality of crop products can not be improved, and can cause deterioration in quality as life-time service, and farm crop objectionable impurities residual quantity increases; 6, do not reach balance for fertile purpose.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is intended to solve above-mentioned composite fertilizer can't reach the problem that soil is fostered and apply fertilizer by balance fertilizing, providing a kind of is main raw material with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, contains multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer micro-in organic and inorganic and preparation method thereof through the fermentation synthetic.The present invention can solve the inorganic fertilizer of life-time service in the present production and soil fertility that single organic chemical fertilizer causes descends; and nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium nutrition utilization ratio is low and the soil souring, become alkali, harden; problems such as Soil structure is destroyed; improved the quality of farm crop; improve fertilizing soil, helped environment protection.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer which comprises at least following components by part by weight:
Nitrogen content is 2～15% nitrogenous compound (nitrogen raw material),
Phosphorus content is 1～10% P contained compound (phosphorus raw material),
Potassium content is 1～12% potassium-containing compound (potassium raw material),
Comprise peat, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal, peanut in withered one or more by the organic matter that contain water-soluble humic acids 63%～84.5% of any amount than combination,
Comprise in sulphur, iron, copper, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, the magnesium one or more by any amount than the combination middle micro-0.3%～1%.
Described nitrogenous compound is meant from following compounds by any amount than choosing a kind but maximum 4 kinds arbitrarily at least: urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin.
Described P contained compound is meant from following compounds by any amount than choosing a kind but maximum 3 kinds arbitrarily at least: calcium superphosphate, phosphorus one ammonium, phosphorus two ammoniums, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer.
Described potassium-containing compound is meant chooses a kind arbitrarily from following compounds: potassium oxide, vitriolate of tartar.
Dispose with arbitrary proportion between the raw material that nitrogen of the present invention, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, middle trace element are chosen in its ratio range separately, its meaning is to choose at least a kind but maximum 4 clocks arbitrarily as nitrogen from urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin, and can dispose arbitrarily between any 1～4 kind of compound of choosing, only require that the weight ratio of total nitrogenous compound in component satisfies 2～15% and get final product.
Finished product of the present invention comprises powdery, particulate state.
The preparation method of a kind of multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer of the present invention is: choose nitrogenous compound, P contained compound, potassium-containing compound, organic matter, middle trace element and weigh according to weight proportion, after more than separated pulverizing to 60 order, earlier nitrogenous compound, P contained compound, potassium-containing compound, middle trace element are mixed, add the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids carried out after the fermentative processing again, fully stir, behind disk granulation or extruder grain, make powdery or granular organic nutritious fertilizer; Wherein, the fermenting process of described organic matter is: add vinelandii or P and K decomposing bacterium or vinelandii and phosphorus decomposing potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture in above-mentioned organic matter of weighing, organic ratio with vinelandii or P and K decomposing bacterium or vinelandii and phosphorus decomposing potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture is 10～30: 1, under 10～60 ℃ temperature condition, through the formulated organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids 10～20% that ferments.Its fermenting process is exactly the bacteriumization process.
Contain 1～300,000,000 bacterium in every milligram in the vinelandii of the present invention; Contain 1～300,000,000 bacterium in every milligram of the described P and K decomposing bacterium.
Contain not water miscible humic acids in peat of the present invention, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal, the withered organic matter of peanut, adding the purpose of vinelandii or P and K decomposing bacterium or vinelandii and phosphorus decomposing potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture, is to be fulvo acid for the not fulvo acid that contains in the organic matter is dissolved.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is that organic matter-inanimate matter-microorganism combines, is collection the improving the soil of fertilizer, upgrading, synergy; quick-acting, the high efficiency of macroelement; benefit element, the synergy of middle trace element; give full play to simultaneously humic acid substance to improve the soil and stimulate the crop growth characteristic be the multifunctional fertilizers of one, so it can reach simultaneously increase output, improve crop quality, the effects such as improving the soil, protect environment of fostering and apply fertilizer.
2, the present invention is a kind of balance formula, and being a kind of running balance, is to be based upon soil science, Plant Nutrition, fertilizer science, chemistry, chemical science, cultivation and a kind of running balance prescription of not only having paid attention to longitudinal equilibrium but also having valued lateral balance on the basis of practical experience widely.
The inventor obtains following data and conclusion by a large amount of experiments to this product:
One, significantly improve crop yield, generally between 15%～30%:
All kinds of vegetables volume increase 15%～40%
Increasing production of rice 16%～25%
Tealeaves volume increase 20%, well developed root system;
Chinese medicinal materials (Ligusticum wallichii) volume increase 6%～25%, forulic acid 19.8%;
Two, obviously improve the quality of products, the fruit soluble solid is improved 1.0%～3.4%, can improve 0.86%, the rice gross protein value is improved 0.58%～1.2%, the qualities of vegetables is also improved a lot sucrose part;
Three, the crop ripening stage shifts to an earlier date, and fruit, vegetables can go on the market 7～10 days in advance;
Four, obviously strengthen water conservation, the nutrient preserving capability energy of soil, both improved soil, protected environment again;
Five, obviously alleviate and overcome the yellow symptom of crops such as the geographic fruit tree of alkaline soil;
Six, the drought resisting of crop, cold-resistant, disease-resistant worm, anti-adversity ability such as resistant to lodging have significantly been strengthened.
Seven, do not destroy Soil structure, free from environmental pollution.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1: 1: 1;
P contained compound is by any weight ratio ssp dnab, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 2;
Potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use;
Organic matter is selected peat, chicken manure, cow dung for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 3: 1.5;
Middle trace element is selected iron, copper, boron, zinc for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.8: 0.5: 2;
The weight proportion of each component of finished product of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 2%, and the phosphorus raw material is 12%, and the potassium raw material is 1%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 84.5%, and middle trace element is 0.5%
The technology pointer of this finished product is as follows:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=5%
Organic content 〉=30%
Fulvo acid content 〉=3%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤20
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
This product is a particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to and grows seedlings.
Embodiment 2:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 2: 1.5: 0.5;
P contained compound is by any weight ratio ssp dnab;
Potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use;
Organic select for use peat, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, peanut withered by any weight ratio, the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.2: 3: 2: 1.8;
Middle trace element is selected boron, zinc, magnesium for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 2.5;
The weight proportion of finished product each component of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 15%, and the phosphorus raw material is 3%, and the potassium raw material is 12%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 69%, and middle trace element is 1%.
The technology pointer of this finished product is as follows:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=20%
Organic content 〉=12%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤12
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
This product is a powdery.
This product mainly is applicable to happiness chlorine crop.
Embodiment 3:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.5;
The P contained compound ssp dnab;
Potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use;
Organic matter is selected peat, chicken manure, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.5: 2: 1;
Middle trace element is selected iron, boron, zinc, magnesium for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.5: 0.6: 0.3;
The weight proportion of finished product each component of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 10%, and the phosphorus raw material is 12%, and the potassium raw material is 1%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 76.5%, and middle trace element is 0.5%.
The technology pointer of this product is as follows;
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=25%
Organic content 〉=10%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤9 (powdery); ≤ 7 (particulate state)
Strip granularity (2.00～5.60mm) 〉=80
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
The average anti-crushing power of particle (strip 3.35～5.60mm) N 〉=4
This product is powdery or particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to happiness chlorine crop.
Embodiment 4:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.8;
The P contained compound ssp dnab;
Potassium-containing compound is selected vitriolate of tartar for use;
Organic select for use peat, cow dung, brown coal, peanut withered by any weight ratio, the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 1: 1.5;
Middle trace element is selected sulphur, iron, boron, zinc, magnesium for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 1.2: 0.6: 0.8;
The weight proportion of finished product each component of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 5%, and the phosphorus raw material is 6%, and the potassium raw material is 6%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 82.4%, and middle trace element is 0.6%.
The technology pointer of this product is as follows;
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=30%
Organic content 〉=8%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤9 (powdery) or≤7 (particulate state)
Strip granularity (2.00～5.60mm) 〉=80
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
The average anti-crushing power of particle (strip 3.35～5.60mm) N 〉=6
This product is powdery or particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to fear-chlorion crop.
Embodiment 5:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 2: 1;
P contained compound is by any weight ratio ssp dnab, phosphorus one ammonium, and the best proportioning of each composition is 2: 1.5;
Potassium-containing compound is selected vitriolate of tartar for use;
Organic matter is selected peat, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal for use by any weight ratio, and the optimum weight proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 3: 2: 1;
Middle trace element is selected sulphur, iron, boron, zinc for use by any weight ratio, and the optimum weight proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 1.5: 0.8;
The weight proportion of finished product each component of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 7%, and the phosphorus raw material is 8%, and the potassium raw material is 9%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 75.3%, and middle trace element is 0.7%.
The technology pointer of this product is as follows;
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=35%
Organic content 〉=6%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤9 (powdery)≤7 (particulate state)
Strip granularity (2.00～5.60mm) 〉=80
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
The average anti-crushing power of particle (strip 3.35～5.60mm) N 〉=6
This product is powdery or particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to fear-chlorion crop.
Embodiment 6:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is: 1: 1;
P contained compound ssp dnab, phosphorus two ammoniums, calcium silicate fertilizer, the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.5: 1;
Potassium-containing compound is selected vitriolate of tartar for use;
Organic select for use peat, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal, peanut withered by any weight ratio, the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.5: 1.6: 0.8: 1.2: 1;
Middle trace element is selected iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, magnesium for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 0.2: 0.5: 0.1: 0.6;
The weight proportion of finished product each component of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 8.5%, and the phosphorus raw material is 10%, and the potassium raw material is 3.6%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 73%, and middle trace element is 0.9%.
The technology pointer of this product is as follows;
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=40%
Organic content 〉=6%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤9 (powdery) or≤7 (particulate state)
Strip granularity (2.00～5.60mm) 〉=80
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
The average anti-crushing power of particle (strip 3.35～5.60mm) N 〉=8
This product is powdery or particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to fear-chlorion crop.
Embodiment 7:
Nitrogenous compound is selected urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 2: 1;
P contained compound is selected phosphorus one ammonium, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate for use, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.5;
Potassium-containing compound is selected vitriolate of tartar for use;
Organic select for use peat, chicken manure, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal, peanut withered by any weight ratio, the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.5: 0.8: 1.6: 0.9;
Middle trace element is selected iron, boron, zinc, manganese, magnesium for use by shadow weight ratio, and the best proportioning of each composition is 1: 1.2: 0.8: 1.3: 0.9;
The weight proportion of each component of finished product of the present invention is:
The nitrogen raw material is 15%, and the phosphorus raw material is 12%, and the potassium raw material is 10%, and the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 72%, and middle trace element is 1%.
The technology pointer of this finished product is as follows:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are (with N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O meter) content 〉=45%
Organic content 〉=4%
Fulvo acid content 〉=1%
Trace element 0.2%
Moisture (free-water)≤9 (powdery) or≤7 (particulate state)
Strip granularity (2.00～5.60mm) 〉=80
Fineness (by the 2.00mm standard sieve) 〉=70%
The average anti-crushing power of particle (strip 3.35～5.60mm) N 〉=8
This product is powdery or particulate state.
This product mainly is applicable to fear-chlorion crop.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer is characterized in which comprises at least following components by part by weight:
Nitrogen content is 2～15% nitrogenous compound (nitrogen raw material),
Phosphorus content is 1～10% P contained compound (phosphorus raw material),
Potassium content is 1～12% potassium-containing compound (potassium raw material),
Comprise peat, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal, peanut in withered one or more
By appointing
The organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids 63%～84.5% of meaning amount ratio combination,
Comprise in sulphur, iron, copper, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, the magnesium one or more by any amount than the combination middle micro-0.3%～1%.
2, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described nitrogenous compound is meant from following compounds by any amount than choosing a kind but maximum 4 kinds arbitrarily at least: urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin.
3, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described P contained compound is meant from following compounds by any amount than choosing a kind but maximum 3 kinds arbitrarily at least: calcium superphosphate, phosphorus one ammonium, phosphorus two ammoniums, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer.
4, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described potassium-containing compound is meant to choose a kind arbitrarily from following compounds: potassium oxide, vitriolate of tartar.
5, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that nitrogenous compound selects urea for use by any weight ratio, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin, P contained compound is by any weight ratio ssp dnab, potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use, organic matter is selected peat for use by any weight ratio, chicken manure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, peanut is withered, middle trace element is selected boron for use by any weight ratio, zinc, magnesium, the weight proportion of each component is: the nitrogen raw material is 15%, the phosphorus raw material is 3%, the potassium raw material is 12%, the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 69%, and middle trace element is 1%.
6, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that nitrogenous compound selects urea for use by any weight ratio, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, Methionin, P contained compound is by any weight ratio ssp dnab, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use, organic matter is selected peat for use by any weight ratio, chicken manure, cow dung, middle trace element is selected iron for use by any weight ratio, copper, boron, zinc, the weight proportion of above-mentioned each component is: the nitrogen raw material is 2%, the phosphorus raw material is 10%, the potassium raw material is 3%, the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 84.5%, and middle trace element is 0.5%.
7, multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that nitrogenous compound selects urea, bicarbonate of ammonia for use by any weight ratio, the P contained compound ssp dnab, potassium-containing compound is selected potassium oxide for use, organic matter is selected peat, chicken manure, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, brown coal for use by any weight ratio, middle trace element is selected iron, boron, zinc, magnesium for use by any weight ratio, the weight proportion of above-mentioned each component is: the nitrogen raw material is 10%, the phosphorus raw material is 12%, the potassium raw material is 1%, the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids is 76.5%, and middle trace element is 0.5%.
8, the preparation method of multiple-element organic nutritious fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that choosing nitrogenous compound, P contained compound, potassium-containing compound, organic, in more than micro-separated pulverizing to 60 order after, earlier with nitrogenous compound, P contained compound, potassium-containing compound, middle trace element mixes, add the organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids carried out after the fermentative processing again, fully stir, making powdery or granular nitrogen content behind disk granulation or extruder grain is 2～15%, phosphorus content is 1～10%, potassium content is 1～12%, the organic matter 63%～84.5% that contains water-soluble humic acids, the organic nutritious fertilizer of trace element 0.3%～1% in containing; Wherein, the fermenting process of described organic matter is: add vinelandii or P and K decomposing bacterium or vinelandii and phosphorus decomposing potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture in above-mentioned organic matter of weighing, organic ratio with vinelandii or P and K decomposing bacterium or vinelandii and phosphorus decomposing potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture is 10～30: 1, under 10～60 ℃ temperature condition, through the formulated organic matter that contains water-soluble humic acids 10～20% that ferments.Its fermenting process is exactly the bacteriumization process.
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