CN106538370B - Vegetable hydroponic culture solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable hydroponic culture solution and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106538370B CN106538370B CN201610981996.8A CN201610981996A CN106538370B CN 106538370 B CN106538370 B CN 106538370B CN 201610981996 A CN201610981996 A CN 201610981996A CN 106538370 B CN106538370 B CN 106538370B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of soilless culture nutrient solutions, in particular to a vegetable hydroponic culture solution and a preparation method thereof. The vegetable hydroponic culture solution comprises 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor, 70-75 parts of leachate, 4-6 parts of vinegar and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution which are mixed together in parts by weight; the preparation method of the vegetable hydroponic culture solution comprises the following steps: preparing an organic raw material, preparing a fermentation raw material, preparing an extraction raw material, extracting a fermentation liquor, preparing an extraction solution and preparing a vegetable hydroponic culture solution. The vegetable hydroponic culture solution has the advantages of safe product, high yield and low cost. The preparation method is used for preparing the vegetable hydroponic culture solution with safe product, high yield and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soilless culture nutrient solutions, in particular to a vegetable hydroponic culture solution and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hydroponic cultivation of vegetables has many advantages over traditional soil cultivation, for example, hydroponics is not limited by season and geography; compared with the traditional soil cultivation, the water cultivation needs less irrigation quantity and fertilization quantity; the water culture is beneficial to the enterprise management of modern agriculture. In the prior art, the hydroponic culture solution technology of vegetables is developed to a certain extent, but the technology does not reach the mature stage, so that great progress space is provided in the research and development of the hydroponic culture solution of vegetables, and particularly in the aspects of improving the yield of vegetables, product safety and planting cost control.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a vegetable hydroponic culture solution and a vegetable hydroponic culture solution preparation method, and aims to solve the problems of low vegetable yield, limited product safety level and high cost in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a vegetable hydroponic culture solution which comprises 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor, 70-75 parts of leachate, 4-6 parts of vinegar and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution which are mixed together in parts by weight; the preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa, 100-110 parts of chicken manure and 2-3 parts of a leavening agent, fermenting to form an extraction raw material, and performing filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain a fermentation liquid, wherein the leavening agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease; the preparation method of the leaching solution comprises the following steps: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the mixture of the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, wherein the uppermost layer is leachate; the composite nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water.
Specifically, 112 parts of fermentation liquor, 73 parts of leaching solution, 5 parts of vinegar and 12 parts of composite nutrient solution; in the fermentation liquor, 105 parts of corn straws, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 75 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of alfalfa, 105 parts of chicken manure and 2 parts of a leavening agent, wherein in the leavening agent: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of saccharomycete, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease; in the leachate, 23 parts of marsh soil, 23 parts of pond sludge and 225 parts of water; in the compound nutrient solution, 4 parts of urea, 4 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ferric sodium salt, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of copper sulfate and 95 parts of water.
Further, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 4 × 108—5×108CFU/g, viable count of Actinomycetes 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, Bacillus mucilaginosusViable count 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of yeast 5 × 108—6×108CFU/g, viable count of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109—1.1×109CFU/g, protease Activity 3 × 103—4×103GDU/g。
Further, the mass percent concentration of urea is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of diammonium phosphate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of monopotassium phosphate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of magnesium sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ammonium molybdate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of manganese sulfate is within the range of 0.5-0.6%, the mass percent concentration of zinc sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of calcium nitrate is within the range of 0.3-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ferric EDTA sodium salt is within the range of 0.1-0.3%, the mass percent concentration of borax is within the range of 0.1-0.2%, and the mass percent concentration of copper sulfate is within the range of 0.1-0.3%.
Further, the seaweed residues comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of brown algae residues, 1-2 parts of gulfweed residues, 2-4 parts of sargassum fusiforme residues, 1-3 parts of asparagus residues, 1-2 parts of red wool vegetable residues and 1-2 parts of gracilaria tenuistipitata residues.
Further, the vinegar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of brown rice vinegar, 2-3 parts of glutinous rice vinegar, 3-4 parts of rice vinegar, 4-5 parts of fruit vinegar, 2-3 parts of alcohol vinegar and 3-4 parts of persimmon vinegar.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the vegetable hydroponic culture solution, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing organic raw materials: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa and 100-110 parts of chicken manure by weight to form an organic raw material for later use; s2, preparing a fermentation raw material: mixing 2-3 parts of leaven by weight in organic raw materials to form fermentation raw materials for standby, wherein the leaven comprises the following components by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease; s3, preparing extraction raw materials: stacking the fermentation raw materials in a fermentation tank for fermentation to form extraction raw materials for later use, stirring once a week within 30 days after the start of fermentation, and stirring once a month within 30 days to 180 days after the start of fermentation; s4, extracting fermentation liquor: carrying out filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain 110-115 parts by weight of fermentation liquor; s5, preparing a leaching solution: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, taking the uppermost layer as leachate, and extracting 70-75 parts of leachate by weight; s6, preparing a vegetable hydroponic culture solution: mixing 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor and 70-75 parts of leachate, adding 4-6 parts of vinegar by weight and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution by weight, and mixing to form a vegetable hydroponic culture solution, wherein the composite nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water.
Specifically, in step S1, 105 parts of corn stalks, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 75 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of alfalfa and 105 parts of chicken manure; in step S2, 2 parts of a starter culture, wherein the starter culture comprises 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of yeast, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease; in step S5, 23 parts of bog, 23 parts of pond sludge and 225 parts of water; in step S6, vinegar 5 parts and a compound nutrient solution 12 parts, wherein the compound nutrient solution comprises urea 4 parts, diammonium phosphate 4 parts, monopotassium phosphate 3 parts, magnesium sulfate 4 parts, ammonium molybdate 3 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part, zinc sulfate 1 part, calcium nitrate 4 parts, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt 4 parts, borax 2 parts, copper sulfate 1 part and water 95 parts.
Further, in step S1, the grain size of the corn stalk, the rapeseed cake, the seaweed residue, the alfalfa and the chicken manure is less than or equal to 2 cm.
Further, in step S3, the fermentation raw material has a humidity in the range of 62% to 64%.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the vegetable hydroponics culture solution, fermentation liquor and vinegar belong to organic matters and contain rich organic matters, leachate contains rich mineral substances and organic matters, and the composite nutrient solution contains rich mineral elements; the vegetable hydroponics culture solution has low comprehensive cost, wherein the corn straws, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure are industrial and agricultural byproducts, the purchase cost is low, and the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the components has low cost; the fermentation liquor is prepared by fermenting and extracting organic matters, the vinegar is prepared by brewing grains, the leaching liquid is a natural product, the proportion of the composite nutrient solution is scientific, and the vegetable water culture nutrient solution prepared by scientifically proportioning the fermentation liquor, the leaching liquid, the vinegar and the composite nutrient solution has no pesticide residue and high safety level. Therefore, the vegetable hydroponic culture solution has the advantages of safe product, high yield and low cost.
According to the preparation method of the vegetable hydroponics culture solution, the fermentation liquor and the vinegar belong to organic matters and contain rich organic matters, the leachate contains rich mineral substances and organic matters, the composite nutrient solution contains rich mineral elements, and the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the components is richer in comprehensive nutrition and higher in yield; the vegetable hydroponics culture solution has low comprehensive cost, wherein the corn straws, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure are industrial and agricultural byproducts, the purchase cost is low, and the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the components has low cost; the fermentation liquor is prepared by fermenting and extracting organic matters, the vinegar is prepared by brewing grains, the leaching liquid is a natural product, the proportion of the composite nutrient solution is scientific, and the vegetable water culture nutrient solution prepared by scientifically proportioning the fermentation liquor, the leaching liquid, the vinegar and the composite nutrient solution has no pesticide residue and high safety level. Further, stirring treatment is carried out in the fermentation process, stirring is carried out once a week within 30 days after the fermentation is started, stirring is carried out once a month within 30 days to 180 days after the fermentation is started, filter-pressing treatment is carried out in the fermentation liquid extraction process, in the leachate preparation process, the marsh soil, the pond sludge and the water are mixed, stirring is carried out for 30 minutes, the stirring speed is within the range of 160-; therefore, the vegetable hydroponic culture solution preparation method can prepare the vegetable hydroponic culture solution with safe product, high yield and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a hydroponic vegetable culture solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments for easy understanding.
Example one
The embodiment provides a vegetable hydroponic culture solution which comprises 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor, 70-75 parts of leachate, 4-6 parts of vinegar and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution which are mixed together in parts by weight;
the preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa, 100-110 parts of chicken manure and 2-3 parts of a leavening agent, fermenting to form an extraction raw material, and performing filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain a fermentation liquid, wherein the leavening agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease; the corn straw content, the rapeseed cake content, the seaweed residue content, the wheat bran content, the alfalfa content, the chicken manure content and the leavening agent content are the parts of the corn straw content, the rapeseed cake content, the seaweed residue content, the wheat bran content, the alfalfa content, the chicken manure content and the leavening agent content in the fermentation liquor, but not in the vegetable hydroponics culture solution; the component content of the leavening agent is the portion of the leavening agent, but not the portion of the leavening agent in the fermentation liquor or the vegetable water culture solution;
wherein, the preparation method of the fermentation liquor can adopt the process generally adopted by the technicians in the field, and can also adopt all or part of the preparation process described in the second embodiment, for example, the fermentation humidity is in the range of 60-65%, and/or the fermentation time is 180 days;
the preparation method of the leaching solution comprises the following steps: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the mixture of the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, wherein the uppermost layer is leachate; the marsh soil content, the pond sludge content and the water content are the parts of the marsh soil, the pond sludge and the water in the leachate, but not the vegetable hydroponic culture solution; the peat content in the marsh soil is more than or equal to 45 percent, the total organic matter content in the pond sludge is in the range of 0.52-0.87 mg/g, the total phosphorus content in the pond sludge is more than or equal to 0.0034-0.0055 mg/g, and the marsh soil and the pond sludge have no regional limitation;
the leaching solution can be prepared by adopting a process commonly adopted by a person skilled in the art, and can also be prepared by adopting all or part of the preparation process described in the second embodiment.
The composite nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water; the content of the components of the composite nutrient solution is the parts of the components in the composite nutrient solution, but not the parts in the vegetable hydroponic culture solution.
Firstly, fermentation liquor and vinegar belong to organic matters and contain rich organic matters, leachate contains rich mineral substances and organic matters, composite nutrient solution contains rich mineral elements, and the vegetable hydroponic culture solution prepared by utilizing the components has richer comprehensive nutrition and higher yield; the vegetable hydroponics culture solution has low comprehensive cost, wherein the corn straws, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure are industrial and agricultural byproducts, the purchase cost is low, and the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the components has low cost; the fermentation liquor is prepared by fermenting and extracting organic matters, the vinegar is prepared by brewing grains, the leaching liquid is a natural product, the proportion of the composite nutrient solution is scientific, and the vegetable water culture nutrient solution prepared by scientifically proportioning the fermentation liquor, the leaching liquid, the vinegar and the composite nutrient solution has no pesticide residue and high safety level.
More specifically, the composition of the hydroponic culture solution for vegetables and the content of each component may increase another disadvantage when a certain advantage is highlighted. For example, the yield is higher, the cost control and the manufacturing process are complicated, in the vegetable hydroponics culture solution of the embodiment, the corn straws, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure can increase organic matters in the culture solution, so that the contents of nutrients, energy, enzymes and microorganisms in the culture solution are influenced, and the yield of vegetables is increased finally. Therefore, the vegetable hydroponic culture solution has balanced effect in the aspects of cost, yield and product safety and is scientific in proportioning.
In conclusion, the vegetable hydroponics culture solution provided by the embodiment has the advantages of low cost, high yield and safe product.
Specifically, 112 parts of fermentation liquor, 73 parts of leaching solution, 5 parts of vinegar and 12 parts of composite nutrient solution; in the fermentation liquor, 105 parts of corn straws, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 75 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of alfalfa, 105 parts of chicken manure and 2 parts of a leavening agent, wherein in the leavening agent: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of saccharomycete, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease; in the leachate, 23 parts of marsh soil, 23 parts of pond sludge and 225 parts of water; in the compound nutrient solution, 4 parts of urea, 4 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ferric sodium salt, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of copper sulfate and 95 parts of water.
For example, chicken manure can increase the content of organic matters and trace elements in a culture solution, but the chicken manure is a strong acid fertilizer, the culture solution can be acidified when the chicken manure is too much, the culture solution is acidic, the absorption rate of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the culture solution by vegetables is reduced, and plants of the vegetables are diseased; the chicken manure is too little to increase the organic matter content and the trace element content in the culture solution. Therefore, the vegetable hydroponics culture solution with the specific content values has the optimal performance in the aspect of balance of the effects, and is the most scientific ratio.
Further, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 4 × 108—5×108CFU/g, viable count of Actinomycetes 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of yeast 5 × 108—6×108CFU/g, viable count of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109—1.1×109CFU/g, protease Activity 3 × 103—4×103GDU/g. The components of the leaven and the content of each component will cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, when the leaven has the viable count,the balance of all effects is achieved, and the formula is the most scientific.
Further, the mass percent concentration of urea is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of diammonium phosphate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of monopotassium phosphate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of magnesium sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ammonium molybdate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of manganese sulfate is within the range of 0.5-0.6%, the mass percent concentration of zinc sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of calcium nitrate is within the range of 0.3-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ferric EDTA sodium salt is within the range of 0.1-0.3%, the mass percent concentration of borax is within the range of 0.1-0.2%, and the mass percent concentration of copper sulfate is within the range of 0.1-0.3%. The components of the compound nutrient solution and the content of each component cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, and the compound nutrient solution achieves the balance of the effects when being matched as above, and is the most scientific matching.
Further, the seaweed residues comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of brown algae residues, 1-2 parts of gulfweed residues, 2-4 parts of sargassum fusiforme residues, 1-3 parts of asparagus residues, 1-2 parts of red wool vegetable residues and 1-2 parts of gracilaria tenuistipitata residues. Wherein, the content of the components is the parts in the seaweed residues, but not the parts in the whole vegetable hydroponics culture solution. The seaweed residues are mixed according to the proportion to achieve the balance of the effects, and the seaweed residues are the most scientific proportion.
Further, the vinegar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of brown rice vinegar, 2-3 parts of glutinous rice vinegar, 3-4 parts of rice vinegar, 4-5 parts of fruit vinegar, 2-3 parts of alcohol vinegar and 3-4 parts of persimmon vinegar. Wherein, the content of the components is the parts in vinegar, but not the parts in the whole vegetable water culture solution. The components of the vinegar and the content of each component cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, and the vinegar achieves the balance of the effects when being proportioned as above, thus being the most scientific proportioning.
In addition, the raw materials used in the hydroponic vegetable culture solution of this embodiment may include corncob cores in addition to the above-mentioned components.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a hydroponic vegetable culture solution as described in the first embodiment, and specifically, the method for preparing a hydroponic vegetable culture solution includes the steps of:
s1, preparing organic raw materials: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa and 100-110 parts of chicken manure by weight to form an organic raw material for later use; the corn straw content, the rapeseed cake content, the seaweed residue content, the wheat bran content, the alfalfa content and the chicken manure content are the parts of the fermentation liquor, but not the parts of the fermentation liquor in the vegetable hydroponics culture solution;
s2, preparing a fermentation raw material: mixing 2-3 parts of leaven by weight in organic raw materials to form fermentation raw materials for standby, wherein the leaven comprises the following components by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease; the content of the leavening agent is the part of the leavening agent in the fermentation liquor and not the part of the leavening agent in the vegetable water culture solution; the component content of the leavening agent is the portion of the leavening agent, but not the portion of the leavening agent in the fermentation liquor or the vegetable water culture solution;
s3, preparing extraction raw materials: stacking the fermentation raw materials in a fermentation tank for fermentation to form extraction raw materials for later use, stirring once a week within 30 days after the start of fermentation, and stirring once a month within 30 days to 180 days after the start of fermentation;
s4, extracting fermentation liquor: carrying out filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain 110-115 parts by weight of fermentation liquor;
s5, preparing a leaching solution: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, taking the uppermost layer as leachate, and extracting 70-75 parts of leachate by weight; the marsh soil content, the pond sludge content and the water content are the parts of the marsh soil, the pond sludge and the water in the leachate, but not the vegetable hydroponic culture solution; the peat content in the marsh soil is more than or equal to 45 percent, the total organic matter content in the pond sludge is in the range of 0.52-0.87 mg/g, the total phosphorus content in the pond sludge is more than or equal to 0.0034-0.0055 mg/g, and the marsh soil and the pond sludge have no regional limitation;
s6, preparing a vegetable hydroponic culture solution: mixing 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor and 70-75 parts of leachate, adding 4-6 parts of vinegar by weight and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution by weight, and mixing to form a vegetable hydroponic culture solution, wherein the composite nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water; the content of the components of the composite nutrient solution is the parts of the components in the composite nutrient solution, but not the parts in the vegetable hydroponic culture solution.
Firstly, fermentation liquor and vinegar belong to organic matters and contain rich organic matters, leachate contains rich mineral substances and organic matters, composite nutrient solution contains rich mineral elements, and the vegetable hydroponic culture solution prepared by utilizing the components has richer nutrition and higher yield; the vegetable hydroponics culture solution has low comprehensive cost, wherein the corn straws, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure are industrial and agricultural byproducts, the purchase cost is low, and the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the components has low cost; the fermentation liquor is prepared by fermenting and extracting organic matters, the vinegar is prepared by brewing grains, the leaching liquid is a natural product, the proportion of the composite nutrient solution is scientific, and the vegetable water culture nutrient solution prepared by scientifically proportioning the fermentation liquor, the leaching liquid, the vinegar and the composite nutrient solution has no pesticide residue and high safety level. Further, stirring treatment is carried out in the fermentation process, stirring is carried out once a week within 30 days after the fermentation is started, stirring is carried out once a month within 30 days to 180 days after the fermentation is started, filter-pressing treatment is carried out in the fermentation liquid extraction process, in the leachate preparation process, the marsh soil, the pond sludge and the water are mixed, stirring is carried out for 30 minutes, the stirring speed is within the range of 160-.
More specifically, the composition of the hydroponic culture solution for vegetables and the content of each component may increase another disadvantage when a certain advantage is highlighted. For example, the yield is higher, the cost control and the manufacturing process are complicated, in the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared in this embodiment, the corn stalks, the rapeseed cakes, the seaweed residues, the wheat bran, the alfalfa and the chicken manure can not only increase organic matters in the culture solution, thereby affecting the contents of nutrients, energy, enzymes and microorganisms in the culture solution, and finally increasing the yield of vegetables, but also the components belong to organic garbage, the purchase cost is lower, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Therefore, the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the preparation method of the vegetable hydroponics culture solution achieves effect balance in the aspects of cost, yield and product safety, and is scientific in proportioning.
In conclusion, the vegetable hydroponics culture solution prepared by the method for preparing the vegetable hydroponics culture solution has the advantages of low cost, high yield and safe product. In addition, in step S3, the fermentation raw material is stirred to increase the fermentation efficiency, when the fermentation is performed to a certain degree, the fermentation agent in the fermentation raw material has a peak value due to the limitation of humidity, temperature and PH value in the fermentation environment, the viable count per unit volume of the fermentation agent reaches a certain peak value, the decomposition rate of the organic matter in the organic raw material reaches a certain peak value, the slower the fermentation rate is, in order to increase the fermentation of the organic matter in the fermentation raw material, the timely stirring treatment is an effective means for increasing the fermentation, and the timely stirring treatment can increase the fermentation raw material amount per unit time and per unit fermentation agent fermentation, i.e. increase the rotten speed of the fermentation raw material. In step S5, adding 200 to 250 parts of water to 20 to 25 parts of marsh soil and 20 to 25 parts of pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 160 to 180r/min, standing for 1 hour after the stirring is finished, taking out the leachate, wherein the leachate integrates nutrient components in the marsh soil and the pond sludge, improves the nutrient performance, helps the fertility of the culture solution, stirs the mixed solution of the marsh soil, the pond sludge and the water to accelerate the separation of the nutrient components in the marsh soil and the pond sludge, and stands for 1 hour after the stirring is finished to help the mixture of the marsh soil and the pond sludge to be layered with the water. In step S4, the extraction raw material is subjected to filter pressing treatment, which helps to separate the solid fermentation product from the liquid fermentation solution, and the obtained liquid fermentation solution can be mixed with vinegar, leachate, and complex nutrient solution to obtain a vegetable hydroponic culture solution. Therefore, the production steps are optimal for controlling the cost of producing the vegetable hydroponic culture solution, and optimizing the product quality and the complexity of the production process.
Further, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 4 × 108—5×108CFU/g, viable count of Actinomycetes 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of yeast 5 × 108—6×108CFU/g, viable count of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109—1.1×109CFU/g, protease Activity 3 × 103—4×103GDU/g. The components of the leaven and the content of each component cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, and when the leaven has the viable count, the balance of the effects is achieved, which is the most scientific proportion.
Further, the mass percent concentration of urea is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of diammonium phosphate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of monopotassium phosphate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of magnesium sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ammonium molybdate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percent concentration of manganese sulfate is within the range of 0.5-0.6%, the mass percent concentration of zinc sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of calcium nitrate is within the range of 0.3-0.5%, the mass percent concentration of ferric EDTA sodium salt is within the range of 0.1-0.3%, the mass percent concentration of borax is within the range of 0.1-0.2%, and the mass percent concentration of copper sulfate is within the range of 0.1-0.3%. The components of the compound nutrient solution and the content of each component cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, and the compound nutrient solution achieves the balance of the effects when being matched as above, and is the most scientific matching.
Further, the seaweed residues comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of brown algae residues, 1-2 parts of gulfweed residues, 2-4 parts of sargassum fusiforme residues, 1-3 parts of asparagus residues, 1-2 parts of red wool vegetable residues and 1-2 parts of gracilaria tenuistipitata residues. Wherein, the content of the components is the parts in the seaweed residues, but not the parts in the whole vegetable hydroponics culture solution. The seaweed residues are mixed according to the proportion to achieve the balance of the effects, and the seaweed residues are the most scientific proportion.
Further, the vinegar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of brown rice vinegar, 2-3 parts of glutinous rice vinegar, 3-4 parts of rice vinegar, 4-5 parts of fruit vinegar, 2-3 parts of alcohol vinegar and 3-4 parts of persimmon vinegar. Wherein, the content of the components is the parts in vinegar, but not the parts in the whole vegetable water culture solution. The components of the vinegar and the content of each component cause the increase of one effect and the decrease of the other effect, and the vinegar achieves the balance of the effects when being proportioned as above, thus being the most scientific proportioning.
In addition, the raw materials used for preparing the vegetable hydroponic culture solution prepared by the method for preparing the vegetable hydroponic culture solution can also comprise corncob cores in addition to the above-mentioned components.
Specifically, in step S1, 105 parts of corn stalks, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 75 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of alfalfa and 105 parts of chicken manure; in step S2, 2 parts of a starter culture, wherein the starter culture comprises 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of yeast, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease; in step S5, 23 parts of bog, 23 parts of pond sludge and 225 parts of water; in step S6, vinegar 5 parts and a compound nutrient solution 12 parts, wherein the compound nutrient solution comprises urea 4 parts, diammonium phosphate 4 parts, monopotassium phosphate 3 parts, magnesium sulfate 4 parts, ammonium molybdate 3 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part, zinc sulfate 1 part, calcium nitrate 4 parts, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron sodium salt 4 parts, borax 2 parts, copper sulfate 1 part and water 95 parts.
For example, chicken manure can increase the content of organic matters and trace elements in a culture solution, but the chicken manure is a strong acid fertilizer, the culture solution can be acidified when the chicken manure is too much, the culture solution is acidic, the absorption rate of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the culture solution by vegetables is reduced, and plants of the vegetables are diseased; the chicken manure is too little to increase the organic matter content and the trace element content in the culture solution. Therefore, the vegetable hydroponics culture solution with the specific content values has the optimal performance in the aspect of balance of the effects, and is the most scientific ratio.
Further, in step S1, the grain size of the corn stalk, the rapeseed cake, the seaweed residue, the alfalfa and the chicken manure is less than or equal to 2 cm. When the particle size of the components is less than or equal to 2cm, the fermentation effect, the fermentation efficiency and the complexity degree of the manufacturing process are optimal, when the particle size of the components is greater than 2cm, the speed of the strain in the leavening agent propagating to reach the volume center of each component of the organic raw material is reduced, namely, the decomposition speed of the fermentation raw material is reduced, the larger the particle size of the components is, the slower the speed of the strain in the leavening agent propagating to reach the volume center of each component of the organic raw material is, namely, the slower the decomposition speed of the fermentation raw material is, so that the particle size range is the most scientific particle size range of the decomposition of the strain in the leavening agent on the organic raw material, and the effects of the fermentation speed, the fermentation efficiency and the complexity degree of the manufacturing process are better.
Further, in step S3, the fermentation raw material has a humidity in the range of 62% to 64%. The humidity range is helpful for the breeding and growth of strains in the leavening agent, and no matter the fermentation humidity is too high or too low, the strains in the leavening agent can not be bred and grown quickly, the fermentation speed and the fermentation quality are affected, the fermentation quality is poor, the fermentation of organic raw materials is incomplete, the organic raw materials which are not completely decomposed are used as extraction raw materials, and the manufacturing cost of the fermentation liquid is increased. Therefore, the humidity range is beneficial to the thorough decomposition of the organic raw materials by the strains in the leavening agent, and is the most scientific fermentation humidity range.
Of course, the method for producing a hydroponic vegetable culture solution according to the present embodiment is not limited to the production of the hydroponic vegetable culture solution according to the first embodiment, and other hydroponic vegetable culture solutions can be produced and obtained.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (7)
1. A vegetable hydroponic culture solution is characterized by comprising 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor, 70-75 parts of leachate, 4-6 parts of vinegar and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution which are mixed together in parts by weight;
the preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa, 100-110 parts of chicken manure and 2-3 parts of a leavening agent, fermenting to form an extraction raw material, and performing filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain a fermentation liquid, wherein the leavening agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease; wherein each part of seaweed residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of brown algae residues, 1-2 parts of gulfweed residues, 2-4 parts of sargassum fusiforme residues, 1-3 parts of asparagus residues, 1-2 parts of red wool vegetable residues and 1-2 parts of gracilaria tenuistipitata residues;
the preparation method of the leaching solution comprises the following steps: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the mixture of the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, wherein the uppermost layer is the leachate;
the vinegar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of brown rice vinegar, 2-3 parts of glutinous rice vinegar, 3-4 parts of rice vinegar, 4-5 parts of fruit vinegar, 2-3 parts of alcohol vinegar and 3-4 parts of persimmon vinegar;
the compound nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water;
wherein the leaven contains Bacillus subtilis viable count of 4 × 108—5×108CFU/g, viable count of Actinomycetes 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 7 × 108—8×108CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis 6 × 108—7×108CFU/g, viable count of yeast 5 × 108—6×108CFU/g, viable count of enterococcus faecalis1×109—1.1×109CFU/g, protease Activity 3 × 103—4×103GDU/g。
2. A vegetable hydroponics culture solution according to claim 1, comprising 112 parts of fermentation broth, 73 parts of leachate, 5 parts of vinegar and 12 parts of composite nutrient solution mixed together by weight;
in the fermentation liquid, 105 parts of corn straws, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 75 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of alfalfa, 105 parts of chicken manure and 2 parts of a leavening agent are adopted, wherein in the leavening agent: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of saccharomycetes, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease;
in the leachate, 23 parts of the marsh soil, 23 parts of the pond sludge and 225 parts of water;
in the compound nutrient solution, 4 parts of urea, 4 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ferric sodium salt, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of copper sulfate and 95 parts of water.
3. A vegetable hydroponics culture solution according to claim 1,
the mass percentage concentration of the urea is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percentage concentration of the diammonium phosphate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percentage concentration of the monopotassium phosphate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percentage concentration of the magnesium sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percentage concentration of the ammonium molybdate is within the range of 0.3-0.4%, the mass percentage concentration of the manganese sulfate is within the range of 0.5-0.6%, the mass percentage concentration of the zinc sulfate is within the range of 0.4-0.5%, the mass percentage concentration of the calcium nitrate is within the range of 0.3-0.5%, the mass percentage concentration of the ferric sodium salt of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is within the range of 0.1-0.3%, the mass percentage concentration of the borax is within the range of 0.1-0.2%, and the mass percentage concentration of the copper sulfate is within the range of 0.1-0.3%.
4. A method for preparing a hydroponic vegetable culture solution according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing organic raw materials: mixing 100-110 parts of corn straw, 2-3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 70-80 parts of seaweed residues, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 3-5 parts of alfalfa and 100-110 parts of chicken manure by weight to form the organic raw material for later use; wherein each part of seaweed residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of brown algae residues, 1-2 parts of gulfweed residues, 2-4 parts of sargassum fusiforme residues, 1-3 parts of asparagus residues, 1-2 parts of red wool vegetable residues and 1-2 parts of gracilaria tenuistipitata residues;
s2, preparing a fermentation raw material: mixing 2-3 parts of a fermentation agent by weight in the organic raw material to form the fermentation raw material for later use, wherein the fermentation agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 3-5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 3-4 parts of protease;
s3, preparing extraction raw materials: stacking the fermentation raw materials in a fermentation tank for fermentation to form the extraction raw materials for later use, stirring once a week within 30 days after the start of fermentation, and stirring once a month within 30 days to 180 days after the start of fermentation;
s4, extracting fermentation liquor: carrying out filter pressing treatment on the extraction raw material to obtain 110-115 parts by weight of fermentation liquor;
s5, preparing a leaching solution: mixing 20-25 parts of marsh soil and 20-25 parts of pond sludge by weight, adding 200-250 parts of water by weight into the marsh soil and the pond sludge, stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed within the range of 160-180 r/min, standing for 1 hour after stirring is finished, extracting 70-75 parts of the leachate by weight, wherein the uppermost layer is the leachate;
s6, preparing a vegetable hydroponic culture solution: mixing the 110-115 parts of fermentation liquor with the 70-75 parts of leachate, adding 4-6 parts of vinegar by weight and 10-15 parts of composite nutrient solution by weight, and mixing to form the vegetable hydroponic culture solution, wherein the composite nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-4 parts of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2-3 parts of borax, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate and 90-100 parts of water;
wherein the vinegar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of brown rice vinegar, 2-3 parts of glutinous rice vinegar, 3-4 parts of rice vinegar, 4-5 parts of fruit vinegar, 2-3 parts of alcohol vinegar and 3-4 parts of persimmon vinegar.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4,
in step S1, the corn stalks 105 parts, the rapeseed cake 3 parts, the seaweed meal 75 parts, the wheat bran 25 parts, the alfalfa 4 parts and the chicken manure 105 parts;
in step S2, 2 parts of a starter culture, wherein the starter culture comprises 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of actinomycetes, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of yeast, 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis and 4 parts of protease;
in step S5, 23 parts of the marsh soil, 23 parts of the pond sludge and 225 parts of water;
in step S6, the vinegar is 5 parts, and the compound nutrient solution is 12 parts, wherein the compound nutrient solution contains 4 parts of urea, 4 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of iron sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of copper sulfate and 95 parts of water.
6. The production method according to claim 4 or 5,
in step S1, the grain sizes of the corn stover, the rapeseed cake, the seaweed meal, the alfalfa and the chicken manure are 2cm or less.
7. The production method according to claim 4 or 5,
in step S3, the fermentation feedstock has a moisture content in the range of 62% to 64%.
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| CN107721531A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-02-23 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | A kind of higher aquatic plants mill water culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN107353066A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-17 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of water culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN107814641A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-03-20 | 佛山市田森温室科技有限公司 | The preparation method of vegetables nutrient solution |
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